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TTGG EE
Investigación del Grupo de Electrónica
de Potencia de la Universidad de
Sevilla
Dr. Jose I. [email protected]
Panorama Energético Actual
Departamento de Ingeniería ElectrónicaUniversidad de Sevilla
Sevilla (España)
TTGG EEPrehistoria
1976
TTGG EEPrehistoria
TTGG EEPrehistoria
1976
• Grandes centrales eléctricas
• Uso extensivo del carbón
• Única fuente renovable es la hidráulica
TTGG EEHace 25 años…
1992
TTGG EEHace 25 años…
TTGG EEHace 25 años…
1992
• Grandes centrales eléctricas
• Uso del carbón limitado
• Única fuente renovable es la hidráulica
salvo algún sistema eólico instalado en
Tarifa (P<100kW)
TTGG EEHoy dia
2017
TTGG EEHoy dia
TTGG EECurrent Energy Sector Status
How is the current energy sector situation?
High demand and fossil fuel dependence
Global warming, greenhouse gases effect
Strong economical and political efforts
Search for alternative energy sources
TTGG EEEuropean Energy Policy. H2020
TTGG EEChallenges in the Energy Scenario
Renewable Energy
Power Grid Applications
Transportation
Industrial Applications Energ
y S
tora
ge S
yst
em
s
TTGG EERenewable Energy Sources
TTGG EENew installed capacity per year (EU)
Source: www.ewea.org
MW
20
% R
ES
72
% R
ES
TTGG EEForecast of energy production
TTGG EE
DFIG
GridGearbox
DC
AC
DC
AC
Reduced-capacity Converter
Doubly-fed converterDoubly-fed converter
• Small-scale power converter (Less power losses, price, size, weight)
• Limited speed range (-30% to +20%, typical)
• Limited control of active Pref and reactive power Qref
• Need for slip-rings
• Need for gear
• Reduced Ride-through capability
Renewable Energy Systems: Wind Energy
Vestas V90 – 3MW
TTGG EE
DC
AC
DC
AC
SCIGWRSGPMSG
GearboxGrid
Full-capacity Converter
DC
AC
DC
AC
GridFull-capacity Converter
Multipole WRSG/PMSG
Full-converter (with or without gearbox)Full-converter (with or without gearbox)
Renewable Energy Systems: Wind Energy
TTGG EE
WINDPOWER projectMADE (GAMESA Group)
DSP Control board developed for a 800 kW variable
speed wind turbine MADE AE-56
Renewable Energy Systems: Wind Energy
TTGG EE
TTGG EEMultilevel Converters for Wind Power
New control techniques
New modulation methods
Project Program Leader
NATIVE
Back-to-back NPC for wind power systems
TTGG EE
WECS DIRECT-DRIVE, multipole machine
AC
DC
DC
AC
6 K
V D
C
Generator 5KV 25 rpm Multilevel Converter
AC:DC DC:ACTransformer
4 KV/110 KV
Distribution
line
Interconnection
line
Low speed permanent magnet
machine scaled for 4MW system
30 kW PMM+IM 120rpm
Multilevel Converters for Wind Power
Project Program Leader
HI-MULTILEVEL
TTGG EERenewable Energy Systems: Solar Energy
TTGG EE
Central inverters
• 10 kW- 1MW, three-phase,
several strings in parallel
• High efficiency, low cost, low
reliability, not optimal MPPT
• Used for PV power plants
Renewable Energy Systems: Solar Energy
Centralized
Configuration
Three phase
DC
AC
PV Array
String/Multistring inverters
• 1.5 - 5 kW, typical residential
application
• Each string has its own inverter
enabling better MPPT
String
Configuration
Multi String
Configuration
Single phaseSingle or
Three phase
PV String
DC
AC
DC
ACDC
AC
DC
DC
DC
DC
Module inverters
• 50-250W, each panel has its own
inverter enabling optimal MPPT
• Lower efficiency, difficult
maintenance
• Higher cost kWp
Module
Configuration
(each PV panel
integrates its own AC/
DC converter)
AC
DC
AC
DC
Single phase
TTGG EE
Solarkit Project: an efficient house
•
•
•
Source: www.andaluciateam.org/solarkit2010/
Photovoltaic Energy R&D
TTGG EEChallenges in the Energy Scenario
Renewable Energy
Power Grid Applications
Transportation
Industrial Applications Energ
y S
tora
ge S
yst
em
s
TTGG EEEuropean Grid
EU energy scenario 2010
Poor interconnection between
countries. It is a barrier for the
integration of RES in the EU
Source: www.ewea.org
TTGG EEEuropean Grid (Supergrid)
EU energy scenario 2050
Facilitation of a large,
sustainable, clean, secure,
competitive source of energy
Aggregation and smoothing of
output (“the wind is always
blowing somewhere”)
Creation of single electricity
market in Europe
Delivers scale renewable EU
Targets
Use of FACTS and HVDC systems
Source: www.ewea.org
TTGG EE
Project Program Leader
DENISE
S2G
SMARTCITY
Smart Grid Research
H HO2
FACTS
FACTSFACTS
HVDC
HVDC
PEC: Power Electronic Converter
TTGG EE
Project Program Leader
Microgrids Advanced Dynamic Control Architectureand Distributed Energy Optimization
Qatar Foundation Texas A&M Qatar
Smart Grid Research
TTGG EEHVDC, a successful solution
HVDC Link is asynchronous
Bidirectional PQ control
Less expensive for large distances
Power independent of the distance
More transmitted power
Less environmental impact
Tolerant to AC failure or oscillations
Meshed HVDC networks-Supergrid
Offshore substation Onshore substation
AC – DC Converter DC – AC Converter
TTGG EE
DC
AC
DC
AC
DC
AC
Sa
Sa
_
Ph
ase
SP
ha
se
S
Ph
ase
TP
ha
se
T
R S T
Vdc
Sc
Sc
_
Ph
ase
BP
ha
se
B
Ph
ase
AP
ha
se
A
CBA
Vdc
Positive DC cable
Negative DC cable
Power cellPower cell
DC
AC
DC
AC
DC
AC
HVDC based on a multimegawatt Multi Modular Converter (series connection of IGBT power
modules) outstanding its modularity, low distortion and low space requirements.
Example: Trans Bay Cable project from San Francisco to Pittsburgh (USA) with 53 miles long
HVDC, a successful solution
TTGG EE
Integration of renewable energy
sources into the distribution grid
Distributed Control Intelligent management of big data
Three-phase MMC prototype with 54 power cells
Project Program Leader
ARES
High Power Systems R&D
TTGG EE
Project Program Leader
MVFACTS
ML Cascaded Topology
FACTS Research
TTGG EEChallenges in the Energy Scenario
Renewable Energy
Power Grid Applications
Transportation
Industrial Applications Energ
y S
tora
ge S
yst
em
s
TTGG EE
Mechanical power
- Engine Fuel Pump
- Engine Oil Pump
- Engine start
200kW (peak)
100kW (local)
Hydraulic power
- Flight Controls
- Landing gear
- Braking
- Reverse
- Doors
240kW-206bars
Electrical power
- Avionics
- Commercial
- Pumps
- De-icing
- Lights
- …...
115VAC-230kVA
Pneumatic power
- Air conditioning
- Pressurisation
- Ice Protection
- Engine start
From some bars
up to 20bars-1200kW
Example: Power used on A330
Power rationalisation
should be feasible
4 Power source types
3 Power networks on
aircraft
Electrical system power around 1MW!!
Transportation: Airplanes
TTGG EE
TRACTIONMOTORDC
ACENERGY
STORAGE
SYSTEM
INVERTER
Energy
Storage
CHARGING
System
PLUG
Transportation: Electric Vehicles
Pure electric vehicle
(required for PHEV)
TRACTIONMOTOR
INVERTER
AC
DC
RECTIFIER
GENERATOR
ENERGY
STORAGE
SYSTEM
INTERNAL
COMBUSTION
ENGINE (ICE)
Energy
Storage
CHARGING
System
PLUG
DC
AC
Series hybrid electric vehicle
Parallel hybrid electric vehicle
TRACTIONMOTOR
TRANSMISSION
TORQUECOUPLER
DC
AC
INVERTER
ENERGY
STORAGE
SYSTEM
INTERNAL
COMBUSTION
ENGINE (ICE)
Energy
Storage
CHARGING
System
PLUG
(required for PHEV)
Series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle
TRACTIONMOTOR
DC
AC
INVERTER
TORQUECOUPLER
POWER SPLIT DEVICE
GENERATOR
INTERNAL
COMBUSTION
ENGINE (ICE)
Energy
Storage
CHARGING
System
PLUG
(required for PHEV)
ENERGY
STORAGE
SYSTEM
TTGG EE
Projects DELFIN I and DELFIN IIHybrid Electric Batteries & Hydrogen Vehicle
Transportation: Electric Vehicles
TTGG EE
Project Program Leader
Ecotrans
Cenit Verde
Pollux
Hércules
Delfín
Power electronics efficiency optimization
Specific design of the electrical machine
Hydrogen propulsion supported by batteries
Possible extra-support by supercapacitors
Partners: GTE, GREENPOWER, AICIA, HYNERGREEN, SODEAN, CARBUROS
METALICOS, SANTANA MOTOR, INTA
Transportation: Electric Vehicles
Project HERCULESHybrid Electric Batteries & Hydrogen Vehicle
Source: www.proyectohercules.es
TTGG EE
TTGG EE
•
•
Proyecto Singular Estratégico
Transportation: Subways
Project Program Leader
SA2VE
EDCLSC
EDCL SC
PP
P
PP
P
P
Source: www.sa2ve.es
UC model used: BCAP3000, 3000F/2.7V
Number of units: 185
Total Stored Energy: 421Wh.
Voltage: 250Vdc-500Vdc
Maximum Continuous Current: 200A
Depending on the UC voltage level, the peak power
is100kW.
TTGG EE
500kW, 6000rpm, VDC=3kV
EDCLSC
EDCL SC
PP
P
PP
P
P
TTGG EE
Energy storage using supercapacitors and flywheels (on board & Substations)
Regenerative breaking for high-voltage AC railway applications
Proyecto Singular Estratégico
Transportation: Railways
Project Program Leader
SA2VE
Source: www.sa2ve.es
TTGG EE
• Hybrid energy
storage using
supercapacitors
and batteries
• Regenerative
breaking for
electric vehicles
charging system
• Additional
support with PV
panels
Proyecto INNPACTO
Project Program Leader
FERROLINERA 3.0
Energy Storage R&D
TTGG EE
State of charge project (SOC)
TTGG EE
•
•
•
Source: www.movand.com
Energy Storage R&D
TTGG EEChallenges in the Energy Scenario
Renewable Energy
Power Grid Applications
Transportation
Industrial Applications
Energ
y S
tora
ge S
yst
em
s
Conclusion?
TTGG EE
XXI Century: Energy Revolution
Conclusions
TTGG EEEn 25 años…
2042
TTGG EEEn 25 años…
2042
• Energía nuclear?
• Vehículo eléctrico
• Uso intensivo de ESS
• Energía GRATIS
• Internet of Energy
TTGG EEFrom Seville to the World
• Mejor grupo de investigación en cuanto a highly cited papers en la US
• Uno de los mejores grupos en cuanto a transferencia de tecnología
• Reconocido internacionalmente (Awards, IEEE Fellows)
• Colaboraciones con los mejores centros I+D a nivel mundial
TTGG EEIEEE CPE-POWERENG, April 4th
- 6th
2017
Cadiz (South-west coast of Spain)
CPE-POWERENG 2017
www.cpe-powereng2017.org
TTGG EE
Investigación del Grupo de Electrónica
de Potencia de la Universidad de
Sevilla
Dr. Jose I. [email protected]
Panorama Energético Actual
Thank you for your attention
Departamento de Ingeniería ElectrónicaUniversidad de Sevilla
Sevilla (España)
