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ESOL Program Monroe Community College
P. Fornieri and K. Leite
MCC ESOL Program 2018
1
Core Vocabulary | A Note to Students
One of the goals of the MCC ESOL Program is to help you increase your English vocabulary. There are many different ways to increase vocabulary, and successful students know that they have to use a combination of strategies for learning and practicing vocabulary to reach advanced levels of English proficiency. The ESOL Program Core Vocabulary Booklet is a resource to use in all of your ESOL courses. It includes the 2,800 general service words as well as the 963 academic words (in italics). Learning these words is the quickest, most efficient way to improve your English fluency – see below for an explanation. You can find more information about learning vocabulary and links to online Quizlet practice on the ESOL Program website.
Graphic Adapted from Browne, Culligan & Phillips, 2013, Browne & Culligan, 2015
The Research
Thanks to advanced research in the field of second language acquisition and brain-based learning coupled with sophisticated computer software that can analyze massive amounts of language, we now know which words English learners should study. While most native-speakers know thousands of word families, research has shown that approximately 2,800 words make up about 90% of the words we use every day. These most important, common, high-frequency words in English are called the New General Service List (NGSL). You should study these words first. You probably know a lot of them already.
In addition to the 2,800 core words, special purpose vocabulary is also important. Interestingly, when researchers analyzed special vocabulary being used across college campuses in different disciplines (science, business, human services, etc.), a lot of the words were the same. In fact, so many words were the same that they came up with an academic vocabulary list that college students need to know to be successful in any discipline. It includes words like assignment, circulate, and facilitate. There are 963 vocabulary words in the New Academic Word List. These words will help you in whatever program you hope to study at MCC.
Source: http://www.newgeneralservicelist.org/
Vocabulary & Comprehension Word Families in
English Language
99% 99%
Native Speaker 87-94% 87-94%
Vocabulary Size
Special Purpose Vocabulary Core Vocabulary
1,200 TOEIC Words
1,700 Business Words
963 Academic
Words
2,800 Core General English Words
(NGSL)
700 Core
Spoken
MCC ESOL Program 2018
2
a
abandon
abdominal
ability
able
abortion
about
above
abroad
absence
absolute
absolutely
absorb
absorption
abstract
abuse
academic
accelerate
acceleration
accent
accept
acceptable
access
accident
accommodation
accompany
accomplish
accord
account
accumulate
accumulation
accuracy
accurate
accurately
accuse
achieve
achievement
acid
acidic
acknowledge
acquire
acquisition
across
act
action
activate
active
actively
activity
actor
actual
actually
acute
ad
adapt
adaptation
adaptive
add
addition
additional
address
adequate
adjacent
adjust
adjustment
administration
admire
admission
admit
adolescent
adopt
adult
advance
advantage
adventure
adverse
advertise
advertisement
advice
advise
adviser
advocate
aerosol
aesthetic
affair
affect
affirm
afford
afraid
after
afternoon
afterward
again
against
age
agency
agenda
agent
aggregate
aggressive
ago
agree
agreement
agricultural
agriculture
ahead
aid
aim
air
aircraft
airline
airplane
alarm
album
alcohol
algebra
algorithm
alien
alive
all
allege
alliance
allocate
allocation
allow
ally
almost
alone
along
alongside
already
alright
also
alter
alternative
although
altitude
altogether
aluminum
always
amaze
amendment
amino
among
amongst
amount
amplitude
analogy
analysis
analyst
analyze
ancestor
ancient
and
anger
angle
angry
animal
announce
announcement
annual
another
answer
anthropology
anti
antibiotic
antibody
anticipate
antiquity
anxiety
anxious
any
MCC ESOL Program 2018
3
anybody
anymore
anyone
anything
anyway
anywhere
apart
apartment
apologize
apparent
apparently
appeal
appear
appearance
appendix
applause
apple
application
apply
appoint
appointment
appreciate
approach
appropriate
approval
approve
approximate
approximately
approximation
arbitrary
archaeology
architect
architecture
area
argue
argument
arise
arm
army
around
arrange
arrangement
array
arrest
arrival
arrive
arrow
art
article
articulate
artifact
artificial
artist
artistic
artwork
as
ashamed
aside
ask
aspect
assembly
assert
assess
assessment
asset
assign
assignment
assist
assistance
assistant
associate
association
assume
assumption
assure
at
athlete
athletic
atmosphere
atom
atomic
attach
attachment
attack
attempt
attend
attendance
attention
attitude
attract
attraction
attractive
attribute
auction
audience
audio
audit
aunt
author
authority
automatically
autonomy
autumn
availability
available
average
avoid
award
aware
awareness
away
awful
axiom
axis
baby
back
background
backward
bacteria
bacterial
bad
badly
bag
balance
ball
ban
band
bang
bank
bar
barely
bargain
barrel
barrier
base
basic
basically
basin
basis
bat
bath
battle
be
beach
beam
bear
beat
beautiful
beauty
because
become
bed
bedroom
beer
before
begin
behave
behavior
behavioral
behind
belief
believe
bell
belong
below
belt
bend
beneath
benefit
beside
besides
bet
MCC ESOL Program 2018
4
between
beyond
bias
bid
big
bike
bilingual
bill
bin
binary
bind
biodiversity
biological
biologist
biology
bird
birth
bit
bite
bizarre
black
blame
blank
bleed
bless
blind
block
blood
bloody
blow
blue
board
boat
bodily
body
bomb
bond
bone
bonus
book
boom
boost
boot
border
bore
borrow
boss
both
bother
bottle
bottom
bound
boundary
bowl
box
boy
bracket
brain
branch
brand
bread
break
breakdown
breakfast
breast
breath
breathe
breed
bridge
brief
briefly
bright
brilliant
bring
broad
broadcast
broadly
brother
brown
brush
bubble
bucket
budget
build
bulk
bullet
bunch
bundle
burden
burn
burst
bury
bus
business
busy
but
button
buy
buyer
by
cable
cake
calcium
calculate
calculation
calculator
calculus
call
calm
camera
camp
campaign
campus
can
cancel
cancer
candidate
cap
capability
capable
capacity
capillary
capital
capitalism
capitalist
capture
car
carbon
card
care
career
careful
carefully
carpet
carrier
carry
case
cash
cast
castle
cat
catalog
catch
category
cattle
cause
celebrate
celebration
cell
censor
cent
center
central
century
ceremony
certain
certainly
chain
chair
chairman
challenge
chamber
champion
championship
chance
change
channel
chapter
character
characteristic
characterization
characterize
MCC ESOL Program 2018
5
charge
charity
charm
chart
chase
chat
cheap
cheat
check
cheek
cheers
cheese
chemical
chemistry
chemotherapy
chess
chest
chicken
chief
child
childhood
chip
chloride
chocolate
choice
choose
chromosome
chronic
chunk
church
cigarette
cinema
circa
circle
circulate
circulation
circumstance
cite
citizen
city
civil
civilian
civilization
claim
clarify
class
classic
classical
classification
classify
classroom
clause
clay
clean
clear
clearly
clever
click
client
climate
climb
clinic
clinical
clip
clock
clone
close
closely
closure
clothes
clothing
cloud
club
clue
cluster
coach
coal
coast
coat
code
coefficient
coffee
cognitive
coherent
coin
cold
collapse
colleague
collect
collection
collective
college
colonial
colony
color
column
combination
combine
come
comedy
comfort
comfortable
comma
command
comment
commentary
commercial
commission
commit
commitment
committee
commodity
common
commonly
communicate
communication
communicative
communist
community
compact
company
comparable
comparative
compare
comparison
compensate
compensation
compete
competence
competent
competition
competitive
competitor
complain
complaint
complement
complete
completely
complex
complexity
complicate
complication
comply
component
compose
composer
composite
composition
compound
comprehension
comprehensive
comprise
compromise
computation
compute
computer
conceive
concentrate
concentration
concept
conception
conceptual
concern
concert
conclude
conclusion
concrete
condition
conditional
conduct
conduction
cone
MCC ESOL Program 2018
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conference
confidence
confident
configuration
confine
confirm
conflict
confound
confuse
confusion
congruent
connect
connection
connector
connotation
conscious
consciousness
consensus
consent
consequence
consequently
conservation
conservative
conserve
consider
considerable
consideration
consist
consistent
consonant
constant
constantly
constitute
constitution
constrain
constraint
construct
construction
consult
consultant
consultation
consume
consumer
consumption
contact
contain
container
contemporary
content
contest
context
continent
continue
continuity
continuous
contour
contract
contradict
contradiction
contradictory
contrary
contrast
contribute
contribution
control
controversial
controversy
convention
conventional
converge
convergence
conversation
convert
convince
cook
cool
cooperation
coordinate
coordination
cope
copy
cord
core
corner
coronary
corporate
corporation
corpus
correct
correction
correctly
correlate
correlation
correspond
correspondence
corruption
cortex
cost
cough
could
council
counsel
count
counter
country
county
couple
course
court
cousin
cover
coverage
cow
crack
craft
crash
crazy
cream
create
creation
creative
creature
credibility
credit
crew
crime
criminal
crisis
criteria
criterion
critic
critical
critically
criticism
criticize
critique
crop
cross
crowd
crucial
crude
cry
crystal
cue
cultural
culture
cup
cure
curious
currency
current
currently
curriculum
curtain
curve
custom
customer
cut
cycle
cyclic
cylinder
dad
daily
damage
damn
damp
dance
danger
dangerous
dare
dark
darkness
MCC ESOL Program 2018
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data
database
date
daughter
day
dead
deadline
deal
dealer
dear
death
debate
debt
decade
decay
deceive
decide
decision
declare
decline
decrease
dedicate
deep
deeply
defeat
defect
defend
defense
deficiency
deficit
define
definite
definitely
definition
deflection
degrade
degree
delay
deliberately
delight
deliver
delivery
delta
demand
democracy
democratic
demonstrate
demonstration
demonstrator
denominator
denote
dense
density
deny
department
depend
dependence
dependent
depict
deposit
depress
depression
depth
derivative
derive
descendent
describe
description
descriptor
desert
deserve
design
designer
desire
desk
despite
destination
destroy
destruction
detail
detect
detection
determination
determine
develop
development
developmental
deviation
device
devote
diagnose
diagnosis
diagnostic
diagram
dialect
dialog
diameter
diary
dictate
dictionary
die
diet
differ
difference
different
differential
differentiate
differentiation
differently
difficult
difficulty
diffusion
dig
digital
dilemma
dilute
dimension
dimensional
dinner
dioxide
direct
direction
directive
directly
director
dirty
disability
disadvantage
disagree
disappear
disappoint
disaster
discharge
discipline
discount
discourse
discover
discovery
discrete
discrimination
discuss
discussion
disease
dish
disk
dismiss
disorder
displacement
display
dispute
dissection
dissertation
dissolve
distance
distant
distinct
distinction
distinguish
distribute
distribution
district
disturb
disturbance
diverse
diversity
divide
division
divorce
do
doctor
document
dog
MCC ESOL Program 2018
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dollar
domain
domestic
dominance
dominant
dominate
domination
donor
door
dose
double
doubt
down
dozen
draft
drag
drain
drama
dramatic
dramatically
draw
dream
dress
drift
drink
drive
driver
drop
drug
dry
due
duration
during
dust
duty
dye
dynamic
each
ear
early
earn
earth
ease
easily
east
eastern
easy
eat
ecological
ecology
economic
economically
economist
economy
edge
edit
edition
editor
educate
education
educational
effect
effective
effectively
effectiveness
efficiency
efficient
effort
egg
either
elaborate
elastic
elasticity
elderly
elect
election
electric
electricity
electron
electronic
element
elementary
elevate
elevation
eliminate
elimination
elite
else
elsewhere
embarrass
embed
embrace
emerge
emergence
emergency
emission
emit
emotion
emotional
emperor
emphasis
emphasize
empire
empirical
employ
employee
employer
employment
empty
enable
encode
encounter
encourage
end
enemy
energy
enforcement
engage
engine
engineer
enhance
enjoy
enormous
enormously
enough
ensure
enter
enterprise
entertain
entertainment
entire
entirely
entitle
entity
entrance
entrant
entry
envelope
environment
environmental
enzyme
epidemic
epidemiology
episode
equal
equality
equally
equation
equilibrium
equipment
equivalence
equivalent
era
erase
error
escape
especially
essay
essence
essential
essentially
establish
establishment
estate
estimate
estimation
ethical
ethics
ethnic
evaluate
evaluation
MCC ESOL Program 2018
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even
evening
event
eventually
ever
every
everybody
everyday
everyone
everything
everywhere
evidence
evident
evil
evolution
evolutionary
evolve
ex
exact
exactly
exam
examination
examine
example
exceed
excellent
except
exception
excess
exchange
excite
excitement
exclude
excuse
execute
execution
executive
exercise
exhaust
exhibit
exhibition
exist
existence
exit
expand
expansion
expect
expectation
expenditure
expense
expensive
experience
experiment
experimental
expert
expertise
explain
explanation
explicit
explicitly
exploit
explore
exponential
export
expose
exposure
express
expression
extend
extension
extensive
extent
external
extra
extract
extraordinary
extreme
extremely
eye
fabric
face
facet
facilitate
facility
fact
factor
factorial
factory
faculty
fade
fail
failure
fair
fairly
faith
faithfully
fall
false
familiar
family
famous
fan
fancy
fantastic
far
farm
farmer
fascinate
fashion
fast
fat
father
fatigue
fault
favor
favorite
fear
feature
federal
fee
feed
feedback
feel
fellow
female
fence
fertility
festival
fetal
fever
few
fiber
fiction
field
fight
figure
file
fill
film
filter
fin
final
finally
finance
financial
find
fine
finger
finish
finite
fire
firm
firmly
first
firstly
fish
fit
fix
flag
flash
flat
flesh
flexibility
flexible
flight
flip
float
flood
floor
flow
flower
fluid
MCC ESOL Program 2018
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flux
fly
focus
fold
folk
follow
food
fool
foot
football
footnote
for
force
forecast
foreign
forest
forever
forget
form
formal
formally
format
formation
former
formula
formulation
forth
fortunate
fortune
forum
forward
fossil
found
foundation
founds
fraction
fracture
fragment
frame
framework
free
freedom
freely
freeze
frequency
frequent
frequently
fresh
friction
friend
friendly
friendship
frighten
fringe
from
front
fruit
fuel
fulfill
full
fully
fun
function
functional
fund
fundamental
fundamentally
fungus
funny
furniture
further
furthermore
fusion
future
gain
gallery
game
gap
garden
gas
gate
gather
gauge
gay
gaze
gear
gender
gene
general
generalization
generalize
generally
generate
generation
genetic
genetically
genetics
gentle
gentleman
gently
genuine
gesture
get
ghost
giant
gift
girl
give
glad
glance
glass
global
globalization
go
goal
goat
god
gold
golden
golf
good
goodness
goods
govern
government
governor
grab
grade
gradient
gradually
graduate
grain
gram
grammar
grammatical
grand
grandmother
grant
graph
grasp
grass
grateful
gravity
gray
great
greatly
green
greet
grid
grin
gross
ground
group
grow
growth
guarantee
guard
guess
guest
guide
guideline
guilty
guitar
gun
gut
guy
habit
habitat
hair
half
halfway
hall
MCC ESOL Program 2018
11
hand
handle
handout
hang
happen
happiness
happy
harbor
hard
hardly
harm
harvest
hat
hate
have
hawk
he
head
headquarter
health
healthy
hear
heart
heat
heavily
heavy
hedge
height
helix
hell
hello
help
helpful
hence
hepatitis
herbicide
here
hero
herself
hesitate
hi
hide
hierarchy
high
highlight
highly
hill
himself
hint
hip
hire
historian
historic
historical
historically
history
hit
hold
holder
hole
holiday
home
homework
honest
honor
hook
hope
hopefully
horizon
horizontal
hormone
horrible
horse
hospital
host
hot
hotel
hour
house
household
how
however
huge
human
humor
hunger
hunt
hurry
hurt
husband
hydrogen
hypothesis
i
ice
idea
ideal
identical
identification
identify
identity
ideology
if
ignore
ill
illegal
illness
illusion
illustrate
illustration
image
imagination
imagine
immediate
immediately
immigrant
immune
impact
implement
implementation
implication
implicit
imply
import
importance
important
importantly
impose
impossible
impress
impression
impressive
improve
improvement
impulse
in
incentive
inch
incidence
incident
incline
include
inclusion
income
incorporate
increase
increasingly
incredible
incredibly
incumbent
indeed
independence
independent
independently
index
indicate
indication
indicator
indifference
indigenous
indirect
individual
individually
induce
induction
industrial
industrialization
industrialize
industry
inequality
inevitably
infant
infect
MCC ESOL Program 2018
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infection
infectious
inference
inferior
infinite
infinity
inflation
influence
influential
inform
informal
information
inhibit
inhibition
initial
initially
initiate
initiation
initiative
inject
injection
injure
injury
innate
inner
innocent
innovation
input
inquiry
insect
insert
inside
insight
insist
inspire
instability
install
instance
instead
instinct
institution
institutional
instruction
instrument
insurance
insure
integral
integrate
integration
intellectual
intelligence
intend
intense
intensity
intensive
intention
interact
interaction
interest
interestingly
interface
interfere
interior
intermediate
internal
international
interpret
interpretation
interrupt
interval
intervene
intervention
interview
interviewer
into
introduce
introduction
invade
invasion
invent
inversion
invert
invest
investigate
investigation
investment
investor
invitation
invite
involve
involvement
ion
iron
irrelevant
irrigation
island
isolate
issue
it
item
itself
jacket
jail
jazz
job
join
joint
joke
journal
journalist
journey
joy
judge
judgment
jump
junior
jury
just
justice
justification
justify
keen
keep
key
kick
kid
kidney
kill
kilometer
kind
king
kiss
kitchen
knee
knife
knock
know
knowledge
lab
label
labor
laboratory
lack
lady
lake
land
landscape
language
large
largely
last
late
lateral
latter
laugh
laughter
launch
law
lawyer
lay
layer
layout
lazy
lead
leader
leadership
leaf
league
lean
leap
learn
least
MCC ESOL Program 2018
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leather
leave
lecture
lecturer
left
leg
legal
legend
legislation
legitimate
leisure
lend
length
less
lesson
let
letter
level
lever
lexical
liability
liable
liberal
library
license
lie
life
lifestyle
lifetime
lift
light
like
likelihood
likely
likewise
limb
limit
limitation
line
linear
linguistic
linguistics
link
lip
liquid
list
listen
listener
liter
literally
literary
literature
little
live
liver
load
loan
local
locally
locate
location
lock
locus
log
logic
logical
long
longitudinal
look
loop
loose
lose
loss
lot
loud
love
lovely
lover
low
luck
lucky
lump
lunch
lung
luxury
machine
machinery
mad
magazine
magic
magnetic
magnitude
main
mainly
maintain
maintenance
major
majority
make
maker
male
mall
man
manage
management
manager
manipulate
manipulation
manner
manual
manufacture
manufacturer
manuscript
many
map
marble
march
margin
marginal
mark
marker
market
marriage
marrow
marry
mass
massive
master
match
mate
material
maternal
mathematical
mathematics
matrix
matter
mature
maximize
maximum
may
maybe
mayor
meal
mean
meaningful
meanwhile
measure
measurement
meat
mechanic
mechanical
mechanism
media
mediate
medical
medicine
medium
meet
member
membership
membrane
memorize
memory
mental
mention
mentor
menu
mercury
mere
merely
merge
MCC ESOL Program 2018
14
mess
message
messenger
metabolism
metal
metaphor
meter
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MCC ESOL Program 2018
15
notation
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MCC ESOL Program 2018
16
perceive
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MCC ESOL Program 2018
17
primitive
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MCC ESOL Program 2018
18
recruit
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MCC ESOL Program 2018
19
scale
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MCC ESOL Program 2018
20
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MCC ESOL Program 2018
21
substrate
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MCC ESOL Program 2018
22
together
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MCC ESOL Program 2018
23
version
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