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ESDs‐HELPING US BE MORE EFFICIENT
Leticia ListerSupervisory Rangeland Management Specialist
BLM, Las Cruces District Office11/201011/2010
Otero Mesa, L. Phillips, 9/2010
BLM, Las Cruces District Office
S I E R R AS I E R R A
O T E R OO T E R O
G R A N TG R A N T
L U N AL U N A
D O N A A N AD O N A A N A
H I D A L G OH I D A L G O
The LCDO manages:The LCDO manages:
• 5.4 million acres of public lands (surface5.4 million acres of public lands (surface management)
• 6 counties6 counties• 604 grazing allotments• 147 special status species• 147 special status species
• 22 federally listed threatened and endangered speciesendangered species
• Critical habitat for 3 SSS.
Hoppy Place Allotment, C. Cusack, 8/26/2010
Some of the uses of ESDs by the LCDO ff?Range Staff?
• Assist in site selection for vegetation treatments.
• Assist in site selection for rangeland health• Assist in site selection for rangeland health assessments.
• Assist in site selection for monitoring.
Valiente Peak Allotment, C. Cusack, 8/2010
Some of the resources we use for site lselections :
• Soil Surveys• ESDs/STMs• ESDs/STMs• 1938 Vegetation Maps• 1980’s SVIM• Rangeland Ecological Assessment (REA)Rangeland Ecological Assessment (REA)• State Mapping
Valiente Peak Allotment, C. Cusack, 8/2010
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Rincon
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D O N A A N AD O N A A N A
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G R A N TG R A N T
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Sample of 1938 Range Survey Maps –S d I O T E R OO T E R O
L U N AL U N A
H I D A L G OH I D A L G O
D O N A A N AD O N A A N A
Scanned Images
1938 Range Survey Map ‐ Vegetation Polygons
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Cedar HillHMV
YU MES
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REA vs. State MappingREA vs. State Mapping
REA (Phase I) State Mapping (Phase II)REA (Phase I)
• Very broad scale mapping (developed at 1:100,000
State Mapping (Phase II)
• Finer scale mapping using satellite imagery.
scale).
• Interpretation of ESD states were based on expert
• Field validation.
• More reliable on a project f bwere based on expert
opinions and no field validation was completed.
specific basis.
• Good for looking at the “big picture.”
Existing reference layers and ground (point) data overlaid on 2005 DOQQs are used in combination with technician’scombination with technician’s knowledge of an area to delineate polygons into states and assign the appropriate ecological site and state codes.
The SWA layer is represented in blue. p
The REA layer in Red.
JER plots and traverse SandySh b i d d O l d
SandySh b i d d l d
SandyO l d
Shallow sandyO l dJER plots and traverse
points are in green.Shrub‐invaded BOER grassland(high grass cover w/ PRGL)
Shrub‐invaded grassland(PRGL, dropseeds, sparse BOER)
BOER grassland(very sparse PRGL)
BOER grassland(sparse PRGL)
Slide produced by L. Burkett, ARS.
The resulting state map is higher resolution than Soil Surveys or SWA. The data used to create the state map is more recent than SVIM data. The state mapping table can be used to calculate how much of an allotment is in each ecological
site and statesite and state.The data can be directly connected to ecological site descriptions (ESDs) and state an transition
models (STMS; not seral stage). ESDs and STMS are part of the NRCS toolbox (online).NRCS has created reference sheets attached to each ecological site for use
during IIRH assessments.The state map geodatabase can be updated.
1 = Grassland2 = Altered grassland3 = Grass/Shrub mix4 = Shrub‐invaded grassland5 = Shrub‐dominated6 Sh bl d6 = Shrubland7 = Bare
Examples:Loamy 147: largest area is encompassed by tobosa grassland, with banded patches of shrub‐invaded grassland and bare areas
Shallow sandy 124: most of the polygon consists of black‐grama grassland. Polgyon contains patches of altered grassland and shrub‐invaded grassland
Slide produced by L. Burkett, ARS.
Assisting with Field Validation of State Mapping while doing Scurfpea SurveysSouthwell Allotment, 8/2010
Turkey Knob
560210
350350
350147563
560
147
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350536
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427 560
350
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241G R A N TG R A N T
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001 006T027SR014W
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02052
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ESDs – as mapped from
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mapped from 1980s SVIM data.
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Sandy
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ESD
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ESDs – as mapped from ARS’s State
D
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Seral Stages –d
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as mapped from 1980’s SVIM data.
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States – as mapped from ARS’s State
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Restoration Potential – State Mapping
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}} R001W T019SR001E
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Potetntial Restoration
Low Potential Restoration
03027
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036 031
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So….
• The above resources provide us with a better “picture” of what is happening on the ground“picture” of what is happening on the ground.
• In addition we are able to do our homework• In addition, we are able to do our homework before going to the field, thus making our field visits more focused and meaningful….more ffi iefficient.
• We have been able to go back to older• We have been able to go back to older treatments and answer questions about our site selection. Are we treating in the right place?
2004 GRT, Valiente Peak Allotment, C. Cusack, 8/2010
We know we can spray.
Box Canyon Allotment, L. Phillips, 7/26/2010
Mesquite Treatment (Jornada), L. Hauser, 6/2010
We know we can kill brush.
Treated/Untreated Mesquite (Jornada), L. Hauser, 6/2010
But we also need to know…….But we also need to know…….
• What impacts are we having on non‐target plant species?
• What impacts are we having on wildlifeWhat impacts are we having on wildlife species?
• Are we creating an environment for other• Are we creating an environment for other unfavorable species?
A th l t i t ?• Are there any long term impacts?
• Etc.
Southwell Allotment, C. Cusack, 8/22/2010.
Flourish of tasajillo following creosote b h lbrush control project….
Box Canyon Allotment, L. Phillips, 7/26/2010
We can mitigate some of the concerns by j d iproject design,
like bufferinglike buffering draws around raptor nestsraptor nests.
Jornada Mesquite, S. Torrez, 6/2009 Jornada Mesquite, S. Torrez, 6/2009
Taking out the bias from monitoring lsite selection
• Used an ID team of BLM resource specialists and Jornada ARS scientists to develop our Restore NM Monitoring Protocol.
• Monitoring Methods – Belt Transects and LPIMonitoring Methods Belt Transects and LPI• Calibrating• Methods are quick and repeatable• Using paired plots• Use of Random Points to find site locations (1:250 ac.)• # of Plots established 1:2000 ac of treatment• # of Plots established – 1:2000 ac. of treatment.• Site selection is based on site representation of the dominant ESD.
Example of random points generated
Vegetation Treatments and Established Monitoring SitesMonitoring Sites
T018SR001W
T018SR002W T018S
R001E03063
03058
001006
T019S
03068
03067T019SR001W
T019SR002W
T019SR001E
D O N A A N AD O N A A N A03067
036
03027
031
T020SR001W
T020SR002W T020S
R001E
San Diego Mountain
03014
031036T018SR002W T018S
R001W03063
03067_1CTL
03067_1TRT
03068_2TRT
001 006
U h Ri S O
D O N A A N AD O N A A N A03067
03068_2CTL
T019SR002W T019S
R001WUPHAM
Upham Rincon Spray On
Upham Mesquite
Rincon GRT
03068
Upham Mesquite
Cluff GRT
03068_1TRT
006T019SR001WD O N A A N AD O N A A N A03068
Paired monitoring plots are established R001W
where feasible. Leave out areas are built in to the treatment design.
Monitoring Results:Cover/Litter Report
03067 Rincon 03068 Upham1TRT 1CTL 1TRT 2TRT 2CTL1TRT 1CTL 1TRT 2TRT 2CTL
Canopy Cover 59.8 26.8 14.2 42.0 41.2Bare Ground 21.5 46.8 73.0 40.0 28.5Basal Cover 2 8 0 8 0 5 2 0 0 8Basal Cover 2.8 0.8 0.5 2.0 0.8Total Ground Cover 44.5 39.2 16.5 33.0 52.0
Ground Cover Between Plant C 18 8 26 5 12 8 18 0 30 2Canopy 18.8 26.5 12.8 18.0 30.2
Ground Cover Under Plant Canopy 25.8 12.8 3.8 15.0 21.8Total Litter 37.5 29.5 15.0 29.2 50.0
Litter Between Plant Canopy 15.5 18.0 11.8 16.2 28.8Litter Under Plant Canopy 22.0 11.5 3.2 13.0 21.2
Cover Estimates by Species
03067 Rincon 03068 Upham
1TRT 1CTL 1TRT 2TRT 2CTL
Canopy Basal Canopy Basal Canopy Basal Canopy Basal Canopy Basal
LATR2 12.5 2.0 14.5 0.5 7.0 0.5 8.5 0.5 17.5 0.0
PRGL2 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0PRGL2 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0
Other Shrubs
Forb
Annual 0.5 0.0 1.0 0.0 2.5 0.0
Perennial 2.0 0.0
Grasses
Annual 49.5 1.0 13.5 0.0 3.5 0.0 34.0 1.0 21.0 0.0
Perennial 5.5 0.0 3.0 0.0 3.5 0.0 5.5 0.0
Total Grasses Density (plants/ha)
03067_1TRT 3150
03067_1CTL 30003067 1TRT03067_1TRT1a, 0‐262
03067_1CTL1a, 0‐269
Total Grasses Density (plants/ha)Total Grasses Density (plants/ha)
03068_1TRT 2400
03068 2TRT 1165003068_2TRT 11650
03068_2CTL 10003068_1TRT1a, 0‐20
03068_2CTL2a, 50‐91
03068_2TRT1b, 0‐295
Total Shrub Density (plants/ha)
03067 1TRT 690003067_1TRT 6900
03067_1CTL 295003067 1CTL03067_1CTL1b, 0‐269
03067_1TRT2a, 0‐262
Total Shrub Density (plants/ha)
03068_1TRT 3150
03068_2TRT 2000
03068_2CTL 6650
03068_1TRT2a, 0‐20
03068_2CTL1b, 0‐271
03068_2TRT2a, 0‐295
ConclusionsConclusions
• ESDs are the backbone of the range program.ESDs are the backbone of the range program.
• Our relationship with academia/scientists has• Our relationship with academia/scientists has resulted in a partnership whereby all parties have benefitted….we have a great resource,have benefitted….we have a great resource, they have access to our data.
• These resources, all stemmed from ESDs, are helping us be more efficient.helping us be more efficient.
Scurfpea Surveys on Southwell Allotment, C. Cusack, 8/22/2010
