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Escalation to Revolution
British Actions&
Colonial Reactions
British ActionsSugar Act -1764- tax on sugar was
technically lowered, but smuggling and bribes (how colonists had gotten around the tax) were ended.People actually paid more taxes
Stamp Act -1765- tax on all legal documents (wills, diplomas, marriage papers) as well as newspapers, almanacs, calendars, cards, and dice.
Colonial Actions
Stamp Act Congress -October 1765- colonists send petitions declaring acts unjust - establish a boycott (refusal to buy goods).Cries of:
NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!
British Actions
Parliament repeals (takes back) the Stamp Act because trade decreased.Parliament passes the
Declaratory Act:-Britain has the right to raise taxes and make laws no matter what.
British Actions
Townshend Acts -May 1767- tax on goods like glass, paper, silk, lead, and tea (low taxes, but colonists still object on principle)-customs officials sent to prevent smuggling-given writs of assistance to do sowrit of assistance - a legal document allowing customs officers to inspect a ship without a reason
Colonial ActionsSons of Liberty- formed during
Stamp Act protests by Samuel Adams-came up with ways to protest taxes and acts(fake hangings of straw men dressed like tax collectors)Daughters of Liberty- pledged to wear dresses of homespun cloth.-boycotted than English fabricNonimportation Acts- (not actually a law) -colonists agreed to stop importing goods taxed by the Townshend Acts.
British Actions
Quartering Act- law that said colonists had to pay for the housing of British soldiers.
Boston Massacre- March 5, 1770- crowd gathered outside a Boston Customs house-taunted guards and threw snowballs & oyster shells-guards told the crowd to go home-guards panicked and fired into the crowd-five people were killed- The first man killed was named: Crispus Attucks
Propaganda?
Propaganda?
How does this image look different?
Colonial ActionsCommittee of Correspondance-
in response to the "massacre" Samuel Adams set up: -an organization to spread alarm and news anytime the British acted unjustly around the colonies- Adams also named the event the "Boston Massacre"-Meanwhile, John Adams served as the lawyer defending the British Soldiers who fired on the crowd.
British Actions
On the same day as the "Massacre" British Parliament was meeting to:-repealed all taxes except for some on tea.-For a little while, colonists were pleased and ended their boycotts.
Three years of general calm followed...
until
British ActionsTea Act -1773- Parliament passed
the Tea Act to help the financially troubled British East India Company-The act would have actually LOWERED the price of tea for colonists.-The act let the British East India Company sell: Directly to the customer instead of only to American tea merchants.
Colonial ActionsThe idea behind the Tea Act backfired
on the British:-Colonists were upset because many colonial merchants would lose their jobs.-Many ships carrying tea were sent back to England or not allowed to unload their cargo-Three ships remained docked outside of Boston Harbor with the tea still onboard...
Boston Tea Party - December 16, 1773 - Sam Adamsand the Sons of Liberty demanded that the three ships with the tea be sent back to England- The Governor said the ships would stay-50 colonists dressed up as Mohawk Native Americans and dumped the tea overboard-They were very careful that they only damaged property, not the ships and they did not hurt anyone
Colonial Actions
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ar6cFIfPFW4&feature=PlayList&p=E59CA94F23F00BD1&index=1
British ActionsThe Intolerable Acts -1774-
designed to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party.1) Port of Boston shut down2) Town meetings limited to: one time a year 3) British officials who committed major crimes in the colonies would be: tried in Britain4) New Quartering Act - colonists could be forced to house troops in their homes.
British Actions
Quebec Act - set up a Canadian government-protected rights of French Catholics-gave them lands between the Ohio and Mississippi rivers.(Land banned to English colonists by the Proclamation of 1763)
Colonial Actions
First Continental Congress -September 1774-representatives from all of the colonies except Georgia met to discuss how to deal with Britain.1) Backed Massachusetts by: boycotting British goods2) Set up militia in each colony3) Agreed to meet again in one year
Eventually...
WAR
Lexington and Concord!!
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