ERNEST HEMINGWAY

1899-1961

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fh-MCQsZ5eE

Biography – Early Years• On July 21, 1899, Ernest Hemingway was

born in Oak Park, Illinois.

• Father was a prominent doctor

• Mother used to dress him as a girl until he was two.

– Pushed him towards the arts and writing.

• Father took him fishing and hunting as a boy.

• After graduating high school, he began writing for The Kansas City Star.

Ambulance Driver

• At the start of the First Word War,• Hemingway drove an ambulance

on the Italianfront.

• Within a year of his service, Hemingway was severely injured. He returned to the states because of his wounds.

• Spent months in an Italian hospital.– Agnes Von Kurowsky

Love and Work• Ernest Hemingway

married Hadley Richardson in 1922.

• The young coupled relocated to Paris where Hemingway had found work as a foreign correspondent.

• Before two years of living in Paris, Hemingway wrote over eighty articles for the Toronto Star.

• He wrote about the Greco-Turkish War and travel pieces.

Influences

– Became an active member of the so-called ‘Lost Generation.’

– Included many writers who were beginning to explore the possibility of Modernist writing. Hemingway and Ford Madox Ford edited a review which published the work of writers like Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound and John Dos Passos.

– Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald formed a close friendship. Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby inspired Hemingway to write

– Hemingway spent much time at Gertrude Stein's salon. In this social context, Hemingway met influential painters including Juan Gris, Joan Miró, and Pablo Picasso.

Divorce and new love

• The relationship between Hemingway and Hadley began to break down as Hemingway wrote his first novel.

• Hadley also discovered that Hemingway was having an affair with the American Pauline Pfeiffer.

• As Part of the divorce settlement, Hadley was to receive the revenue from The Sun Also Rises.

• After the first divorce, Hemingway married Pauline Pfeiffer. Hemingway would end their marriage on returning from the Spanish Civil War.

Mid-life Crisis

• In June 1928, Hemingway and his second wife had a son in Kansas City.

• Hemingway and his family traveled to Wyoming, Massachusetts and New York.

• Hemingway’s father had committed suicide. He began to have premonitions that he would end his life by his own hand.

• Throughout the 1930s, Hemingway would spend his winters in Key West, Florida. This region would become associated with Hemingway.

• In the summer, Hemingway would return to Wyoming to take advantage of the hunting and fishing.

• Went on African safari in 1933

Married….Again…• Hemingway sailed to Cuba in early 1939. • While in Cuba, Hemingway lived in a hotel and

signaled the increased effort painfully separate from his second wife.

• Martha Gelhorn was to join Hemingway in Cuba.• In 1940, Hemingway married Martha Gelhorn. • This marriage ended when Hemingway metMary Walsh inWyoming in the fall of 1940.• Summer home in Idaho.

PLAYER!!!!!

On the Road Again

• Gelhorn gave Hemingway the inspiration to pen his most famous novel

• nominated for the Pulitzer Prize for this work.

• In 1941, Martha Gellhorn accepted an assignment for Colliers magazine that required her to travel to China.

• Hemingway took the opportunity to travel China.

World War II

• For the second half of 1944, Hemingway traveled to the European front of the Second World War.

• He was at the D-Day landingh

• He was protected as “precious cargo.”

• Some say that he went ashore during the Allied invasion.

• During the conflict, Hemingway broke the Geneva Convention by leading an armed group of military resistors.

• As a journalist, he was forbidden to engage in military action.

• he escaped punishment by claiming that he had only given advice.

• For his actions in the war, Hemingway was given a Bronze Star for bravery.

New Wife and Secret Life

• Returned to Paris• In London, Hemingway met Mary Welsh, a Time magazine

correspondent. • On their third meeting, Hemmingway offered a marriage

proposal. • The wedding occurred in 1946. • During a return trip to Europe, Hemingway became infatuated

with the teenager, Adriana Ivancich (EWW!!!).• This romance would inspire Hemingway’s book Across the

River and Into the Trees. Which was received very poorly.• However in 1952, Hemingway would win the Pulitzer Prize for

The Old Man and the Sea. Two years later Hemingway would be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Death • His mental and physical health

worsened during this period.

• Hemingway’s alcoholism worsened.

• From 1955 to 1956, Hemingway was confined to his bed.

• His doctors told him to stop drinking, but he did not comply.

• His mental health deteriorated.

• He attempted electoroshock therapy.

• In 1961, Ernest Hemingway committed suicide.

Modernism• Attempted to capture the essence of modern life in both form

and content.

• Common Themes

– Uncertainty of modern life

– Meaningless of life

• Stories and novels structured to reflect the fragmentation and uncertainty of the human experience

• Typical modern story or novel seems to begin arbitrarily and end without resolution, leaving the reader with possibilities not solutions.