Ergogenic aidsErgogenic aids

IntroductionIntroduction Performance enhancement aids, commonly Performance enhancement aids, commonly

referred to as ergogenic aids, this is a referred to as ergogenic aids, this is a generic term to describe anything that generic term to describe anything that enhances performance.enhances performance.

Ergogenic aidsErgogenic aids If a performer wears specific footwear for If a performer wears specific footwear for

your activity to improve your grip or wear a your activity to improve your grip or wear a Speedo LZR swimsuit you are making use Speedo LZR swimsuit you are making use of performance enhancement aids/ of performance enhancement aids/ ergogenic aids. ergogenic aids.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvMdqvOhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvMdqvO3R9g&feature=related3R9g&feature=related

Remember thatRemember that The VAST Majority of ergogenic aids are in The VAST Majority of ergogenic aids are in

fact legal. Not all are negative or ;drug fact legal. Not all are negative or ;drug cheats’ when hearing the term. cheats’ when hearing the term.

Ergogenic aids are not a new thing in the Ergogenic aids are not a new thing in the early years of the tour de france cyclists early years of the tour de france cyclists consumed a cocktail of substances, consumed a cocktail of substances, containing alcohol and speed containing alcohol and speed (amphetamine). (amphetamine).

Because of the increase in Because of the increase in technology, the practice of technology, the practice of

ergogenic aids has increasedergogenic aids has increased

So much so that the IOC (International, So much so that the IOC (International, Olympic Committee) and the WADA Olympic Committee) and the WADA (World anti doping agency) Has now (World anti doping agency) Has now produced a list of ergogenic aids that are produced a list of ergogenic aids that are banned and those that have restrictions. banned and those that have restrictions.

Despite banned lists, use of ergogenic Despite banned lists, use of ergogenic aids has not stopped and in many aids has not stopped and in many

cases cheats are creating ‘masking’ cases cheats are creating ‘masking’ drugs, which hide the use of the drugs, which hide the use of the

banned substances. banned substances.

Types of aids to performanceTypes of aids to performance

Dietary manipulation Dietary manipulation

CHO Carbohydrate loading p488 CHO Carbohydrate loading p488

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7RhE_Tuhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7RhE_TuPRoPRo

Fluid intakeFluid intake

P490P490 Water intake during prolonged exercise Water intake during prolonged exercise

reduces the risk of dehydration and reduces the risk of dehydration and optimises performance. optimises performance.

Copy Figure 19.3 p490Copy Figure 19.3 p490

Types of sports drinksTypes of sports drinksread page 490 for detailsread page 490 for details

Hypotonic drinks = 4% glucoseHypotonic drinks = 4% glucose

Isotonic drinks = 5-7 % = same amount of Isotonic drinks = 5-7 % = same amount of glucose as bloodglucose as blood

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1Yth0Tzhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1Yth0TzABMABM

Hypertonic drinks = 19% glucoseHypertonic drinks = 19% glucose

Creatine supplementsCreatine supplements

Creatine is made up of amino acids and in found Creatine is made up of amino acids and in found in some animal foods and naturally in the in some animal foods and naturally in the liver/kidneys. It is stored in small amounts in the liver/kidneys. It is stored in small amounts in the mucles known as PC and is used to resynthesise mucles known as PC and is used to resynthesise ATP. ATP.

Athletes take creatine to increase PC levels they Athletes take creatine to increase PC levels they therefore aid the ATP/PC system efficiency. therefore aid the ATP/PC system efficiency.

Legal or illegal????? Legal or illegal?????

Creatine supplementsCreatine supplements

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9xND8BDJe-g

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xKeUDE-eYKc

HGHHGH Stimulating bone, Stimulating bone,

cartilage and muscle cartilage and muscle growthgrowth

Increase blood glucose Increase blood glucose levelslevels

Increases lipases for Increases lipases for breakdown of FFA’S Free breakdown of FFA’S Free fatty acidsfatty acids

Decreases overall body Decreases overall body fatfat

Simulation of protein Simulation of protein synthesis in skeletal synthesis in skeletal muscle to enhance muscle to enhance healing after injuries. healing after injuries.

Gene DopingGene Doping

http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qTJ_9l7h3bs v=qTJ_9l7h3bs

Hard to detectHard to detect Legal or illegal?????Legal or illegal?????

Blood Doping Blood Doping

Bllod doping key term definition: Bllod doping key term definition:

‘‘Any means by which a persons total volume Any means by which a persons total volume of red blood cells is increased’ of red blood cells is increased’

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8D-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8D-TNgNizUQ TNgNizUQ

Recombinant Erythropoietin Recombinant Erythropoietin (RH EP0)(RH EP0)

Key term definitionKey term definition

‘‘Erythropoietin (EPO)Erythropoietin (EPO) is naturally occuring is naturally occuring hormone which increses the bodys ability to hormone which increses the bodys ability to manufacture red bllod cells’manufacture red bllod cells’

‘‘Rh EPORh EPO An artificial synthetic copy of An artificial synthetic copy of erythropoietin’erythropoietin’

Rh EPORh EPO

By ingesting By ingesting Rh EPORh EPO you are producing the you are producing the same results as same results as blood dopingblood doping in that it in that it increasesincreases the production of the production of red blood red blood cells/haemoglobin levels.cells/haemoglobin levels.

Advantages disadvantagesAdvantages disadvantages??????

Legal or illegalLegal or illegal??????

Cooling aidsCooling aids

Used primarily prior to the activity to reduce Used primarily prior to the activity to reduce core body temperature in a bid to improve core body temperature in a bid to improve performance, or after the activity in a bid to performance, or after the activity in a bid to improve performance, or after the activity in improve performance, or after the activity in a bid to improve the recovery process. a bid to improve the recovery process.

Cooling aids usedCooling aids used

Cold air exposureCold air exposure Water immersion/ice bathsWater immersion/ice baths Fan cooling Fan cooling Cold water sprayingCold water spraying Body/head cooling jacket/vestBody/head cooling jacket/vest Cold therapy packs/ wraps/ ice packing in Cold therapy packs/ wraps/ ice packing in

damp towels. damp towels.

Pre coolingPre cooling

PrePre Usung ice jacket- aims to reduce skin temperature Usung ice jacket- aims to reduce skin temperature

and consequently core body temperature. Should and consequently core body temperature. Should last between 8-30 mins. last between 8-30 mins.

Resaerch indicates that cooling is advisable Resaerch indicates that cooling is advisable before prolonged exercise in hot temperatures, before prolonged exercise in hot temperatures, can help sustain intensity and speed– extend on can help sustain intensity and speed– extend on advantages p495advantages p495

Post CoolingPost Cooling

Used to treat injuries as part of recovery.Used to treat injuries as part of recovery.

RICE METHOD????RICE METHOD????

IceIce CompressionCompression ElevationElevation Rest Rest

All performance enhancementAll performance enhancement p487-497p487-497

Ice wraps/packetsIce wraps/packets

Ice Baths Ice Baths

Resistance aids Resistance aids Pulleys-- Pulleys-- Provide resistance trainingProvide resistance training Parachutes –Parachutes – The use of parachutesThe use of parachutes By sprinters can provide funBy sprinters can provide fun And variety from routine trainingAnd variety from routine training

Other performance enhancement Other performance enhancement aids to consider P497-498 make aids to consider P497-498 make

notesnotes

ALCOHOLALCOHOL CAFFEINECAFFEINE ANABOLIC STEROIDSANABOLIC STEROIDS ANALGESICS/ ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ANALGESICS/ ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

AGENTS – any medicine that relieves AGENTS – any medicine that relieves pain.pain.

MASKING AGENTSMASKING AGENTS