35
Equilibrium position

Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Equilibrium position

Page 2: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Equilibrium position

xdisplacement

Page 3: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Equilibrium position

x

F

displacement

Page 4: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Equilibrium position

x

F

Resultant force or Restoring force

displacement

Page 5: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Equilibrium position

x

F

Resultant force or Restoring force

displacement

If the resultant force is directed towards and proportional to the displacement from equilibrium,

then so is the acceleration,and the object executes SHM.

Page 6: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

If the resultant force is directed towards and proportional to the displacement from equilibrium,

then so is the acceleration,and the object executes SHM.

Page 7: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement
Page 8: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement
Page 9: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement
Page 10: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Effect on the time period of :1. increasing the mass2. using stiffer springs ?

Page 11: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

m

Page 12: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F m

Page 13: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

m

Page 14: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM

m

Page 15: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

m

Page 16: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

m

If the resultant force is directed towards and proportional to the displacement from equilibrium,

then so is the acceleration,and the object executes SHM.

Page 17: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x

m

If the resultant force is directed towards and proportional to the displacement from equilibrium,

then so is the acceleration,and the object executes SHM.

Page 18: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x

ma = - k x

m

If the resultant force is directed towards and proportional to the displacement from equilibrium,

then so is the acceleration,and the object executes SHM.

Page 19: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x

ma = - k x

a = - k x m

m

If the resultant force is directed towards and proportional to the displacement from equilibrium,

then so is the acceleration,and the object executes SHM.

Page 20: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x - ve sign shows thatfor a downward displacement

there is an upward restoring force!

ma = - k x

a = - k x m

m

Page 21: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x - ve sign shows thatfor a downward displacement

there is an upward restoring force!

ma = - k x

Compare this with the SHM equation;

a = - k x m

m

Page 22: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x - ve sign shows thatfor a downward displacement

there is an upward restoring force!

ma = - k x

Compare this with the SHM equation;

a = - k x m

a = - (2πf)2 x

a = - k x m

m

Page 23: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x - ve sign shows thatfor a downward displacement

there is an upward restoring force!

ma = - k x

Compare this with the SHM equation;

a = - k x m

a = - (2πf)2 x

-k = - (2πf)2 m

a = - k x m

m

Page 24: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x - ve sign shows thatfor a downward displacement

there is an upward restoring force!

ma = - k x

Compare this with the SHM equation;

a = - k x m

a = - (2πf)2 x

-k = - (2πf)2 m

k = 4 π 2 f 2 m

a = - k x m

m

Page 25: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x - ve sign shows thatfor a downward displacement

there is an upward restoring force!

ma = - k x

Compare this with the SHM equation;

a = - k x m

a = - (2πf)2 x

-k = - (2πf)2 m

k = 4 π 2 f 2 m

f = 1 k 2π m a = - k x

m

m

Page 26: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x

ma = - k x

Compare this with the SHM equation;

a = - k x m

a = - (2πf)2 x

-k = - (2πf)2 m

k = 4 π 2 f 2 m

f = 1 k 2π m a = - k x

m

m

T = 2π m k

or :

Page 27: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

Equilibrium position

Downward displacement x

x

Restoring force F

F

Laws used:Hooke’s law F = k ΔL

Newton’s 2nd F = ma

SHM a = -(2πf)2 x

When the mass is displaced a small distance xthe resultant upwards restoring force F:

F = - k x

ma = - k x

Compare this with the SHM equation;

a = - k x m

a = - (2πf)2 x

-k = - (2πf)2 m

k = 4 π 2 f 2 m

f = 1 k 2π m a = - k x

m

m

T = 2π m k

or :

Page 28: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

T = 2π m k

Page 29: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

T = 2π m k

Put in the form: y = m x + c

Page 30: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

T = 2π m k

Put in the form: y = m x + c

T 2 = 4 π 2 m + 0 k

Page 31: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

T = 2π m k

Put in the form: y = m x + c

T 2 = 4 π 2 m + 0 k

T 2

/s 2

m / kg

Page 32: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

T = 2π m k

Put in the form: y = m x + c

T 2 = 4 π 2 m + 0 k

T 2

/s 2

m / kg

Max spring tension = mg + kx

Page 33: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

T = 2π m k

Put in the form: y = m x + c

T 2 = 4 π 2 m + 0 k

T 2

/s 2

m / kg

Max spring tension = mg + kx

x = A ( amplitude )

Page 34: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement

Mass on a spring

T = 2π m k

Put in the form: y = m x + c

T 2 = 4 π 2 m + 0 k

T 2

/s 2

m / kg

Max spring tension = mg + kx

Min spring tension = mg - kxx = A ( amplitude )

Page 35: Equilibrium position. x displacement Equilibrium position x F displacement