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Restricted © Siemens Industry, Inc. 2013 All rights reserved. Answers for infrastructure and cities.
EQ Steady State Special Topics Chuck DuBose, June 2016
Siemens Power Technologies International
Restricted © Siemens Industry, Inc. 2013 All rights reserved.
EQ Steady State Special Topics
Outline
•Transformer Models
•HVDC
•Short Circuit
•Dynamics
•Unbalanced Networks
•Q&A
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 2
Restricted © Siemens Industry, Inc. 2013 All rights reserved.
EQ Steady State Special Topics
Transformer Models
•Balanced Three Phase Transformer Model
•Tap Changers
•Transformer Attributes
•CGMES Phase Shifting Transformer Document
ENTSOE_CGMES_v2.4.14_28May2014_PSTmodelling.pdf
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 3
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Transformer Models
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 4
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Ratio Tap Changer Model
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 5
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Phase Tap Changer Model
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 6
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Transformer Attributes
•TransformerEnd.ratedU: Nameplate Voltage of the Transformer Winding
•TapChanger.neutralU: Voltage at the Neutral Tap
•RatioTapChanger.stepVoltageIncrement: Percent of neutralU
•Per latest ENTSOE requirements: ratedU = neutralU
•PhaseTapChangerTablePoint.angle: A positive value indicates a positive phase
shift from the winding where the tap is located to the other winding
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 7
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Tap Changer Control Logic
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 8
TapChanger.
ltcFlag
TapChanger.
TapChangerControl
Description
False Not present A real and fixed tap that is not controlled and cannot be moved on
load (manual tap change). Power flow cannot be set to change the tap
for voltage control during the calculation.
True Not present A real and fixed tap that is not controlled but can be moved under
load, e.g. manually. Power flow cannot be set to change the tap for
voltage control during the calculation. Optimal power flow might
have access to these taps and change in order to optimize. Also State
Estimator may estimate the tap position to find a better solution for
the system state.
True Present A real tap with a possibility to change taps automatically for voltage
control/active power (load flow) enabled.
Depending on the RegulatingControl.enabled and
TapChanger.controlEnabled in SSH, the power flow shall or shall not
participate in the regulation. In cases where the RegulatingControl is
associated with more than one tap changer or other devices the
attribute TapChanger.controlEnabled can be set to false in order to set
which of the taps are not enabled.
False Present An artificial tap changer can be used to simulate control behavior in
power flow.
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
HVDC
•Old Rectifier/Inverter classes were removed
•Represent more detailed models
• DC switch classes
• DCConductingEquipment
• DCEquipmentContainer
• DCSeriesDevice
• DCTerminal
• ACDCConverterDCTerminal
• DCTopologicalIsland
•Associate AC equipment with DC Equipment
•Specific models for voltage and current source converters.
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 9
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
HVDC Containment
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 10
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
HVDC Connectivity
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 11
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
HVDC Converter Unit
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
HVDC Example 301 Document Sec 4.4.13
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 13
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Short Circuit
•All short circuit data required by IEC 60909
•Most Data is integrated into the equipment records of the Wires Package
•Covered in a Separate Profile
•All positive sequence reactances on the synchronous machines are
saturated values to support short circuit
•Grounding
•MutualCoupling Class
•New Fault Package defines fault information
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 14
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Peterson Coil and Grounding
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 15
PowerTransformerXF1
Termin
alTerm
inal
XF11
L1
Termin
al
ACLineSegment
TerminalGround
DisconnectorSC1
Terminal C1 Terminal
Termin
al
PetersenCoil1
Ground Disconnector
SC2Terminal L2
PowerTransformerXF2
Termin
al
Termin
al
phases=Nphases=N
phases=Nphases=N
phases=N
phases=ABC
phases=ABCNphases=ABCN
phases=ABC
XF21
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Mutual Coupling Class
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 16
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Mutual Coupling Example
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Terminal Terminal
Terminal Terminal
2.3 KM
5.8 KM
1.7 KM
Distance11 = 2.3
Distance12 = 8.1
First Terminal
Second Terminal
Distance21 = 1.7
Distance22 = 7.5
MutualCoupling Instance
. . .
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Fault Package
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 18
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Dynamics
•Totally Separate Package
•Hooks into classes in the Wires Package
•Generator and Load models are very detailed
•Undergoing extensive Vender Testing
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 19
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Dynamics Standard Signal Connections
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Dynamics to Equipment Connections
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
ExcAC1A Exciter Example - CIM
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 22
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
ExcAC1A Exciter Example - How It Works
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 23
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Dynamics Model Vender Testing Results
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 24
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Dynamics Model Vender Testing Results
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 25
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Dynamics - Future
•Still need DC, FACTS, Relay, Shunt Compensator Models
•Complete development of User Defined models
•Future of Distributed Energy Resources
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 26
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Unbalanced Networks
•IEC 61970 standard
•Optional class and attribute selections to build unbalanced networks
• AclineSegmentPhase
• SwitchPhase
• EnergyConsumerPhase
• ShuntCompensatorPhase
• Terminal.phases
• TransformerTank and TransformerTankEnds
•Create open delta transformer banks
•Define single and two phase circuits for overhead and underground
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 27
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Two Phase Unbalanced Transformer Model
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PowerTransformer
TransformerTank
TransformerTank
CN CNTerminal ABC phase
AC Phase PrimaryTransformerTankEnd
S23NTransformerTankEnd
S12NTransformerTankEnd
AB Phase PrimaryTransformerTankEnd
Terminal S123N phase
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Unbalanced Transformer Impedance Model
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 29
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Unbalanced Line Model 301 Document Sec 4.4.8
6/2/2016 Siemens Power Technologies InternationalPage 30
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EQ Steady State Special Topics
Unbalanced Line Model UML
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