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EPA-ICAC Industrial Roundtable
December 3, 2015
RTP
Jeffrey W. Burdette
Monitor atmospheric levels
Atmospheric lifetime (12 years)
GWP 28-36 times CO2 – 100 year term
Fugitive and area sources most significant (EPA inventory)
Product losses ($)
White House strategy (March 2014)
Colorado rule (February 2014)
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Note: All emission estimates from the
Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas
Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2013.
Emissions measurement
Emissions inventories
Cost effective sensing technology
Expand NOAA ambient monitoring network
Calls for improved methane measurements
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OGI (FLIR/Infrared camera)
EPA Method 21
LDAR (OVA, THC, etc)
Approved instrument based devices or methods only
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Multifunction gas detectors (thermal conductivity, flame ionization, catalytic oxidation)
TDLAS – IR (Infrared) based (Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy)
IR imaging camera
DOAS – Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy – IR, UV (ultraviolet) and visible spectral regions (OPSIS)
LDAR (Leak Detection and Repair)–EPA Method 21
Component bagging
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Instrument
GF320
EyeCGas
Li-7700
LGDF200
MultiRae Lite
Microfid FID
TVA2020 FID
GEM5000
DX4040
Innova 1314
Manufacturer
FLIR Systems
OPGAL
LICOR
AXETRIS
RAE Systems
Photovac
Thermo*
Landtec
Gasmet*
California Analytical Instruments*
Technology Type
Real Time IR Camera
Real Time IR Camera
WMS/TDLAS
Near IR TDLS (Open-Path)
IR
FID
FID
IR
FTIR
PAS
PAS
FLIR
TDLAS
WMS
*ICAC Member Company
Photoacoustic IR Spectroscopy
Forward Looking Infrared Imaging camera company
Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy
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European Technology
SOF – Solar Occultation Flux-sunbased similar in principle to DIAL (Differential Absorption LIDAR*)
Combines SOF, mobile UV DOAS, extractive FTIR and IR cameras (leaks)
Measure emissions from an industrial complex with an optical “bubble”
Verify that point source and fugitive emissions = the “optical bubble”
Landfill methane emissions surveys
Gas compressor stations and well pads
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*LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) – Measures distance by illuminating a target with laser light and analyzing reflected light
Joint program – Penn State AND NOAA
Aircraft, fixed towers, and ground vehicles
Use of Picarro CRDS (Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy) for direct atmospheric CH4 measurement (IR based laser diode)
Carbon isotopes measured to identify methane source contributions
Pennsylvania Marcellus Region – 2014 to 2016
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Largest US CH4 signal viewed from space
Likely sources include oil and gas recovery venting, active coal mines, natural “seeps”, coal bed methane (l) extraction
Satellite based measurements (2003 to 2009)
Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRISng) – observes spectra of reflected light (NASA April 2015)
Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES) – airborne imaging in the thermal infrared part of electromagnetic spectrum (NASA April 2015)
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*CO/NM/AZ/UT
www.trcsolutions.com11
NSPS SubpartOOOO Source
Well Site Gathering Gas Processing
Transmission
Gas Well X
CentrifugalCompressors
X X
Reciprocating Compressors
X X
PneumaticControllers
X X X
Storage Vessels X X X X
Equipment Leaks
X
Sweetening Units
X
Work practices such as green well completions
Collection and incineration of gases from tanks
Seals on pumping and transmission components
Standards for pneumatic actuators
LDAR is an important part of control strategy
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Much new instrumentation on market and coming to market
Regulatory drivers for process fugitives
Technology based on infrared spectral region used widely for fugitive emissions
Many large scale field programs to identify ground sources and quantify emissions
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Jeffrey W. Burdette, Sr. Vice PresidentAir Measurement Services Practice Leader
TRC Environmental Corporation5540 Centerview Drive, Suite 100Raleigh, NC [email protected]
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