ENZYMES

Who cares?

ENZYMES

speed up chemical reactions

put chemicals together (synthesis reactions)

break chemicals apart (decomposition)

CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Like….

CELL RESPIRATION

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

FERMENTATION

C6H12O6 CH3CH2OH +

CO2+ ATP

glucose ethanol

ENZYMES ARE PROTEINS

Organic molecules

Made up of amino acids

Proteins are coded for by genes made of DNA

ENZYMES

Enzymes have a particular shape designed for their substrate

Only work at certain pH or temperature

ENZYMES ARE SPECIFIC

THE ENZYME HALL OF FAME

Powerful proteins!

LACTASE

Breaks down the sugar lactose into simple sugars

Lactose is the sugar in milk

LACTASE

Artificial form of lactase

Taken in pill or drop form by those who are “lactose intolerant”

Those who do not synthesize enough lactase

LACTAID

SUCRASE

AMYLASE

Alpha-amylase Glucoamylase

THE ROLE OF AMYLASE

Found in plants and algae

Takes CO2 molecules and

combines them into glucose

Most abundant enzyme on Earth

RUBISCO

Breaks down large molecules into small molecules

Small molecules like glucose can be absorbed into the blood

Large molecules like starch are too big to be absorbed

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

THE SITE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE

CHLOROPLAST