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ENVIROTHON SOILS STATION. INTENT AND PURPOSE (you might want to sit up close for these). SOIL FORMATION. LANDFORM – gullies, hills, mtns , CLIMATE – freezing, thawing ORGANICS – life cycles PARENT MATERIAL – mineral sources TIME – long time, eons, mega yrs. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ENVIROTHONSOILS STATION
INTENT AND PURPOSE(you might want to sit up
close for these)
1
SOIL FORMATION
LANDFORM – gullies, hills, mtns, CLIMATE – freezing, thawingORGANICS – life cycles PARENT MATERIAL – mineral sourcesTIME – long time, eons, mega yrs.
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Biologial Diversity is Essential
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Diversity in different Ecosystems
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Where are the most fertile soils?
National Geographic, September 2008 5
ARABLE PART of the EARTH
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PARTICLE SIZE
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Soil Color
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Determining Soil Texture by
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STRUCTURE
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Web Soil Survey
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Soil Survey ProgramWeb Soil Survey
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Soil Survey ProgramWeb Soil Survey
– Requires only a computer with (fast) internet connection to use
– No signups/passwords/email addresses required
– Maps made without specialized software, instantly
– Robust analysis capabilities without specialized software
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94% of the country has been mapped 96% of private land has been mappedUtah has about 3 million acres of private land left to be surveyed
Soil Survey ProgramWeb Soil Survey-Data Availability
Status
Non-project
Published
Project - Mapping Complete
Project - In Progress
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Soil Survey ProgramWeb Soil Survey
Low Tech.--------------------Most People----------------------High Tech.
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Soil Survey ProgramWeb Soil Survey
EASY TO USE . . . just 3 steps:1) Define
2) View/Explore
3) Check Out
http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/
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Area of Interest
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EXAMPLE SOIL MAP
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Building Materials Map
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Building Materials Ratings
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Eight Capability Classes
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WHY ALL THE
FUSS?
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Factors that affect erosion– Slope– Texture– Cover– Climate (rain and runoff)– Temperatures– Wind
Types of Erosion – Splash Zone– Rill erosion– Gully erosion– Wind erosion– Sheet erosion– Streambank erosion
Sustainable Agriculture and Erosion
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Erosion Control– Contour Planting: plant crops
around the curve of a hill rather than up and down the hill.
– Terraces: wide ridges that go around a hill to prevent water from rushing down the hill too fast.
– Forest and Grass Areas: keep steep hillsides in trees or grass rather than clear for cropland.
– Grassed Waterways: plant grass and don’t plow low areas in a field where water usually runs.
Sustainable Agriculture and Erosion Control
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Erosion Control– Windbreak: rows of trees planted
to slow down the wind and prevent soils from blowing
– Cover Crop: a crop planted between harvests reduces soil erosion and replenishes the soil with nutrients and organic matter
– Conservation Tillage– Crop Rotation: rotate the type of
crop planted so that the nutrients are not depleted
http://www.dubuqueswcd.org/page5.html
Sustainable Agriculture and Erosion Control
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