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Environment:Panchamahabhuta

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Indian mythology, Panchamahabhuta stands for five

physical elements: Earth (Prithvi), Water (Jal), Fire (Agni), Air (Vayu) and Aether / Space (Aakash).

Vision Statement

Improvement in the Board's functional efficiency,

transparency in operation and adequate response to growing

need of environmental protection and sustainable

development in State of Maharashtra.

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES!

Maharashtra

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Mumbai,Mumbai Suburb,Palghar,

Thane,Raigad,Sindhudurg,Ratnagiri

Legislations, Regulations & Notifications

Various Acts implemented & followed by MPCB:

• Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

• Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977

• Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

• Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

• Hazardous & Other Wastes (Management & Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2016

• Bio-Medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2016

• Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016

• Batteries (Management & Handling) Rules, 2001.

• Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989

Continued…

• Environment Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and

amendments thereof.

• CRZ Notification, 2011

• Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules, 2000

• Right to Information Act, 2005

• National Green Tribunal Act, 2010

Major Functions of the Board

• Regulatory functions:

• Consent to Establish and Operate under Water Act, 1974 and Air Act, 1981

• Authorization under Hazardous Waste Rules, 2016, Bio-medical waste Rules, 2016, Solid Waste Management Rules 2016, Plastic Rules, 2011

• Enforcement and compliance :

- Air and liquid effluent discharge standards through proper

vigilance(visits & samplings)

- Legal actions including Directions & Bank Guarantee’s in case of non-

compliance

• Common Waste Disposal Facilities

• To promote common infrastructure facilities for Waste management i.e. CETP, CHWTSDF, CBMWTSDF

• Environmental Monitoring and Surveillance:

• Water quality and ambient air quality monitoring network

• Noise levels monitoring

• Public Awareness and information dissemination.

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Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETPs)

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District No.

1 MMR Region 08

2 Raigad 04

3 Pune 03

4 Kolhapur 04

5 Solapur 02

6 Aurangabad 01

7 Nagpur 01

8 Ratnagiri 01

2 3

4

5

6

7

8

10

In India the NSF WQI is being used by CPCB, with a slightmodification in weights (Abbasi, 2002, CPCB, 2001).

The NSF WQI is expressed mathematically as:

p

NSFWQI = ∑ wiIi,

i=1

Where

Ii = sub index for i th water quality parameter

wi = weight (in terms of importance) associated with

water quality parameter

p = number of water quality parameters.References:

CPCB, 2001, Environmental Atlas of India, New Delhi: Central Pollution Control

Board.

Abbasi, S.A., 2002, Water Quality Indices State–of–the–Art, Pondicherry:

Pondicherry University, Centre for Pollution Control & Energy Technology

Types of Water PollutionOxygen in Atmosphere – 21 %

- Phytoplankton - 50-85% Pollutant produced by @ 7.2 Billion People

Pollution of Streams and Lakes

Ocean Pollution

Groundwater Pollution

Sources of Pollution

•Factories

•Sewage

•Mines

•Wells

•Tankers

Non Point

•Acid Deposition

•Seepages into groundwater

•Agriculture 50% pollutants

Monitoring Stations of WQRC Agencies

Sr.

No.

Organization No. of Stations

1 HP, Nashik 127

2 CWC 34

3 MPCB 250 (NWMP) +

43 (SWMP)

4 GSDA 3370

5 CGWB 1044

Total 4868

COASTAL WATER STATUS

• Water pollution on the coastal front directly impact the marine ecosystem and the humans and therefore it is of significant importance to monitor sea water quality.

• MPCB has 36 monitoring stations ( 16 sea and 20 creek ) along the sensitive and pollution prone areas of coastline of the state.

• Monthly monitoring for 27 core and general parameters is carried out.

• Trace metals and pesticides are analysed twice in a year, in the months of April and October.

• Water Quality Index is calculated using NSF formula and CPCB modification which depicts the water quality in simple and easy way for general public at large.

• Four parameters are considered for WQI – pH, DO, BOD & FC.

Prioritywise list of rivers declared by CPCB on 2015 based on data of 2009-12 ( Total 49 rivers & 49

stretches)

Priority 1

(4 nos.)

Priority 2

(5 nos.)

Priority 3

(18 nos.)

Priority 4

(12 nos.)

Priority 5

(10 nos.)

GODAVARI KANHAN AMRAVATI BHATSA AMBA

MITHI KRISHNA BHIMA BINDUSARA HIWARA

MORNA KUNDALIKA CHANDRABHAGA DARNA MOR

WARDHA PURNA GHOD GIRNA PANZARA

WAINGANGA INDRAYANI GOMAI PATALGANGA

MULA KAN PELHAR

MULA - MUTHA KOYNA ULHAS

MUTHA MANJARA VAITARNA

NIRA PANCHGANGA VASHISHTI

PAWNA SURYA WAGHUR

PEDHI URMODI

PENGANGA VENNA

RANGAVALI

SAVITRI

SINA

TAPI

VEL

WENA

Prioritywise list of rivers as on May ,2017

Priority 1 (1

nos.)

Priority 2 (0

nos.)

Priority 3

(4 nos.)

Priority 4 (11

nos.)

Priority 5

(28 nos.)

Mithi Morna Bhima Amba, Amravati

Mula Ghod Bhatsa, Bindusara

Mula-Mutha Godavari Chandrabhaga, Darna,

Gomai

Pawna Indrayni, Hiwara, Koyna Girna,

kanhanKundalika, Manjara,

Mor

Nira Mutha, Panzara

PedhiPatalganga, Pelhar,

Penganga

PurnaRangavali, Sina,

Surya, Tapi

VelUlhas, Vaitarna,

Venna, Waghur

Wardha, Urmodi Wainganga, Wena

Priority Levels Number of

stretches based

on 2009-12 data

Number of

stretches

based on

2014-15 data

Number of

stretches

based on

2015-16 data

Number of

stretches based

on 2016-17 data

Priority 1 4 1 1 1

Priority 2 05 0 0 0

Priority 3 18 8 6 4

Priority 4 12 10 18 11

Priority 5 10 20 10 28

Non polluted - 10 13 5

Dry 1

Total 49 49 49 49

• Note: 1) Five stretches are less polluted, BOD< 3 mg/L of following

rivers

Kan,

Krishna

Panchganga

Savitri

Vashishti

Sources of Water Pollution:

Urban development

Industrial Wastewater

Resurfacing of Previously Deposited Pollutants

Solid Waste Dumping Scenario in River

Disposal of Domestic sewage without any treatment from

Municipal Councils & villages located near bank of rivers into the

rivers.

Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste into river from villagers near

bank of rivers.

Human activities like - cloth washing, vehicle washing, animals

washing and human excreta disposal.

Short Term Mitigation Measures:

1. At the Source treatment facilities adopted as the first step for unorganized and small

clusters of industries such as auto-service centre, bakeries, laundries, bottle washing

units, etc.

2. Effective implementation of Operation and Maintenance of ETP/STP in Organized &

large scale industries including hotels & restaurants.

3. Control over Open Defecation / solid waste dumping through installation of sulabh

sauchalaya concept and in-situ solid waste treatment facility in each stretch.

4. Treatment facility to be installed for all designated Nallahs as per Criticality Indices -

either in-situ or ex-situ.

5. Effective collection and transfer mechanism for sewage, industrial or otherwise

source wastewater shall be implemented and connected to proposed treatment

facilities.

6. Silt accumulation and removal though already an ongoing practice needs to be

improved by enhanced scientific & effective removal followed by scientific disposal

especially silt accumulated in the nallahs at the mouth of the river

Long Term Management Measures:

1. All those stretches of river represented by Pink colour code of Criticality as per indices

shall be equipped with tertiary and quaternary treatment facilities

2. The earlier fitted STP’s and treatment facilities for at source wastewater generators for

short term mitigations shall need up-gradation through installing polishing quaternary

treatment units

3. There might also be need for mechanical agitation / aeration through natural or other

means within the course of river especially in the first half of river stretches for

effectively adding up and maintaining DO levels above 6mg/l

4. Absolute vigilance and zero disposal of solid waste or entry of runoffs carrying open

defecated matter shall find its way into the river at any point of time

5. Cluster development based on typical / representative generator of particular type of

waste such as scrap dealers, bottle washing units, buffalo sheds (Gothas),

electroplaters & laundry through allotting locations that are equipped with environment

infrastructure facilities

6. Eventually all automobile service / washing centre to adopt zero discharge policy.

E- Bulletin of Water Quality

National Water Monitoring Programme

(NWMP)

Water Quality Index Summary of 250

Stations in Maharashtra

WQI for surface water

The National Sanitation Foundation, USA developed the Water Quality Index (

NSFWQI ), a standardized method for comparing the water quality of various

water bodies. .

Given the parameters monitored in India under NWMP and to maintain the

uniformity while comparing the WQI across the nation,the NSF WQI has been

modified and relative weights have been assigned by CPCB. Four parameters (

pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Fecal Coliform ) are

used for calculating WQI for surface water.

Upon determining the Water Quality Index, the water quality is described for

easy understanding and interpretation.

Water Quality Index – Surface Water

WQI Quality ClassificationClass by

CPCBRemarks Colour Code

63 - 100 Good to excellent A Non Polluted

50 - 63 Medium to Good B Non Polluted

38 - 50 Bad C Polluted

38 and less Bad to Very Bad D, E Heavily Polluted

WQI for ground water

MPCB monitors ground water quality once in six months. Based on the

stringency of the parameters and its relative importance in the overall quality

of water for drinking purposes each parameter has been assigned specifc

weightage by CPCB. Theseweights indicate the relative harmfulness when

present in water. Nine parameters ( pH, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness,

Magnesium Hardness, Chloride, Total Dissolved Solids, Fluoride, Nitrate,

Sulphate ) are considered for calculating Water Quality Index of ground

water.

Water Quality Index - Ground Water

WQI Water Quality Colour Code

<50 Excellent

50-100 Good Water

100-200 Poor Water

200-300 Very Very Poor Water

>300 Water Unsuitable for drinking

Water Quality Index for 200 locations during August 2017

WQI Category WQI Number of WQI values in different category

No. of WQI % of WQI

Good to Excellent 63-100 137 71.35

Medium to Good 50-63 39 20.31

Bad 38-50 9 4.69

Bad to Very Bad 38 and less 7 3.65

Total WQI values 192 100

Summary :

176: WQI values or 91.66 % values are in category of

Good

to Excellent and Medium to Good.

9 : WQI values or 4.69 % are in category of Bad.

7 : WQI values or 3.65 % are in category of Bad to Very

Bad.

One day our freshwater

stock would be

insufficient to meet

drinking water needs of

the world.

A)Nashik Region(BAD)

1) 2179 - Godavari river at Hanuman Ghat, Village- Nashik city, Taluka- Nashik,

District- Nashik.

1) 2667 - Hiwara river at D/S of Pachora, Village- Pachora,Taluka-

Jalgaon,District- Jalgaon.

1) 2674 - Mor river near Padalashe, Village- Padalashe,Taluka- Jalgaon,

District- Jalgaon.

1) 2718 - Waghur river at- Sakegaon before Confluence with Tapi river, Village-

Sakegaon,Taluka- Jalgaon,District- Jalgaon.

A)Pune Region

(BAD)

1) 2678 - Mutha river near Veer Savarkar Bhavan, Village- Pune M.C, Taluka-

Pune, District -Pune.

2) 2191 - Mutha river at Sangam bridge near Ganapathyghat, Village -

Shivaji Nagar, Taluka- Pune, District- Pune.

3) 2679 - Mutha river at Deccan bridge, Village- Deccan,Taluka- Pune, District-

Pune.

4) 1189 - Bhima river at Pune (Mutha river) at U/s of Vithalwadi near Shankar

Mandir, Village- Vithalwadi, Taluka- Haweli, District- Pune.

A)Thane Region

(BAD TO VERY BAD)

1) 2784 - Sandoz nalla, Village- Sandozbaug,Taluka- Thane,District-

Thane.

2) 2782 - Rabodi nalla, Village- Rabodi,Taluka- Thane, District-

Thane.

3) 2785 - BPT, Navapur, Village- Navapur, Taluka- Palghar, District-

Thane.

4) 2786 - Tarapur MIDC Nalla ( near Sump 1), Village- MIDC Tarapur,

Taluka-

Palghar, District- Thane.

1) 2787 - Tarapur MIDC Nalla ( Near Sump 2), Village- MIDC

Tarapur, Taluka-

Palghar, District- Thane.

1) 2788 - Tarapur MIDC Nalla ( Near Sump 3), Village- MIDC

Tarapur, Taluka-

Palghar, District- Thane.

A)Amravati Region

(BAD)

1) 1913 - Purna river at Dhupeshwar at U/s of Malkapur water

works,Village-

Malkapur,Taluka- Akola, District- Akola.

(BAD TO VERY BAD)

1) 2675 - Morna river at D/s of Railway bridge, Village- Akola,

Taluka- Akola, District-

Akola.