ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION Limited Mahaphant …ilgbcatalog.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/EPD_Shera.pdf · the Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering product was ... Trilon

Umwelt Produktdeklaration Name des Herstellers – Name des Produkts

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATIONas per ISO 14025 and EN 15804

Owner of the Declaration Mahaphant Fibre-Cement Public Company Limited

Programme holder Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU)

Publisher Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (IBU)

Declaration number EPD-MET-20140068-IAC1-EN

Issue date 19.11.2014

Valid to 18.11.2019

Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering productsMahaphant Fibre-Cement Public Company Limited

www.bau-umwelt.com / https://epd-online.com

2 Environmental Product Declaration Mahaphant Fibre-Cement Public Company Limited – Roof tile and Roof ridge

1. General Information

Mahaphant Fibre-Cement Public Company Limited

Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering products

Programme holderIBU - Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.Panoramastr. 110178 BerlinGermany

Owner of the DeclarationMahaphant Fibre-Cement Public Company Limited 59 Moo 12 Saraburi-Lomsak Road K.M. 16, Chongsarika Sub-District, Pattananikom District, Lopburi 15220 Thailand.

Declaration numberEPD-MET-20140068-IAC1-EN

Declared product / Declared unitPer 1000 kg of Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering products

This Declaration is based on the Product Category Rules:Fibre cement / Fibre concrete, 07.2014 (PCR tested and approved by the independent expert committee)

Issue date19.11.2014

Valid to18.11.2019

Scope:This EPD declaration and background report covers four coloured and uncoloured air-cured fibre cement roofing products, which are Lightweight (Roman) roof tile, Trilon roof tile, UV Slate, and roof ridge. These products are based on average Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering products manufactured by Mahaphant Fibre-Cement Public Co., Ltd, and produced in the manufacturing plant located in Pattananikom, Lopburi province, Thailand in which the production data from October 2011 to September 2012 were recorded. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted based on the cradle-to-gate approach (Module A1-A3), where the whole production phase of the Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering product was considered in this study.The owner of the declaration shall be liable for the underlying information and evidence; the IBU shall not be liable with respect to manufacturer information, life cycle assessment data and evidences.Verification

The CEN Norm EN 15804 serves as the core PCRIndependent verification of the declaration

according to ISO 14025Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst J. Bossenmayer(President of Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.) internally x externally

Dr. Burkhart Lehmann(Managing Director IBU)

Mr Olivier Muller(Independent tester appointed by SVA)

2. Product

2.1 Product descriptionThe declared products are cement based composites reinforced with cellulose and synthetic fibres. These declared roofing products cover both coloured and uncoloured products in various size and shapes. The average metric tonne fibre cement product is calculated based on the annual production data of each declared product. The LCA results presented in the Declaration is the average LCA results of all declared products. The commercial names of the products are:1) Lightweight (Roman) roof tile The light weight roof tiles are available in a wide spectrum of colours and are suitable for home and factory roofing. Their high pitch and double corrugation combined with wide water channel allows water drainage with gentle inclination. 2) Trilon roof tile

With its three corrugations and large scale profiles, Trilon roof tile is suitable for large roof spans in public areas or large homes with a contemporary design. Due to its light weight, Trilon roof tile is easier to set up. 3) UV SlateThe product has two modern stylish designs called U-Slate and V-Slate. U-Slate is developed as an outstanding and attractive roof tile with a simple yet stylish design. V-Slate is designed to reflect heat from sun light which helps make the house cooler and save more on energy costs, especially in tropical countries. 4) Roof ridgeRoof ridge is developed in different sizes, shapes, and colours to best match with the tiles used. The production technology of roof ridge covered in the Declaration includes both injection and hand-moulding manufacturing processes.


2.2 ApplicationThe Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering products are used for residential, commercial, and industrial buildings.

2.3 Technical Data

Constructional dataName Value Unit

Thermal conductivity 0.69 - 0.71 W/(mK)

Swelling (air-dry to water-saturated) 1.25 - 1.35 mm/m

Gross density 1480 - 1500 kg/m3

Compressive strength 39.87 - 41.22 N/mm2

Tensile strength 11.57 - 13.37 N/mm2

Flexural strength 14.5 - 15.8 N/mm2

Modulus of elasticity 7200 - 8100 N/mm2

Moisture content at 23 °C, 80% humidity 18 M.-%

Coefficient of thermal expansion 12 - 15 10-6K-1

Ageing resistance Passed -

2.4 Placing on the market / Application rules

Mechanical properties /ASTM C1186 - 08(2012)/

American Standard of Fibre Cement Product

/TIS 1427–2540/

Thai Standard of Fibre Cement Product

/ISO 8336:2009/

Test Methods for Fibre Cement Flat sheet

Aging resistance (Durability)

/ASTM C1185/

Freeze-Thaw test, Heat-Rain test, Warm water test, Water tightness, Water absorption, Moisture content.

Quality control/ISO9001:2008/ Quality System Standard

2.5 Delivery status

English Name Thickness (mm)

Width (m) X Length (m)

Lightweight (Roman) roof tile

4 - 5 0.5 - 0.6 X 0.6 – 1.2

Trilon tile 5 0.5 X 1.2

Flat sheet UV slate (UV slate)

6 0.60 x 0.80

Roof ridge Height: 90 - 210

0.18 - 0.42 x 0.24 - 0.60

2.6 Base materials / Ancillary materials

Material compositions for producing 1000 kg of the declared productsName Value Unit

Raw Materials and Ancillary Materials -

Portland cement 64 - 75% of

declared unit

Clay mineral* 0 - 1% of

declared unit

Cellulose fibre 0 - 3% of

declared unit

Polyvinyl acetate (PVA) fibre 1% of

declared unit

Water 16 - 18 % of

declared unit

Fly ash 4 - 14% of

declared unit

Waste tissue paper 0 - 3% of

declared unit

Ancillary Material** -

Clear coat 0 - 0.1% of

declared unit

White heat reflective coat 0 - 0.4% of

declared unit

* proprietary information. ** For all coloured products, it has been assumed that both the clear coat and the heat reflective coat (white) will be applied, although uncoloured products are also sold. Coloured products will at a minimum be applied with the clear coat while the heat reflective coat is optional, a combination of both will result in coating that has the highest environmental impact. This assumption simplifies the LCA and follows the principle of Conservativeness. None of materials used in the declared product is listed in the "Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for Authorisation".2.7 Manufacture The declared products are produced by the “Hatschek process”. Prior to which, unbleached cellulose fibre received from the supplier is refined by re-pulping it in warm water. The refined fibre is fed to the mixing unit together with other raw materials and secondary materials to form a mixture. The mixture is then fed to the Hatschek unit, where it is mixed with other materials (e.g cement, PVA etc) to produce a fibre cement mixture. The fibre cement mixture is then deposited on wire cylinders to drain naturally. The moist solid sheet is then transferred onto a laminating roll and this process is repeated until the desired thickness of the sheet is achieved. The output is called “green sheet”, which is then air cured to form the products. In this study, the mixing and Hatschek units are considered as a single system since both units share electricity and water meters combining with a continuous process lines, making it complex to allocate electricity and water use between these two units. Products are checked at the QC unit, and classified as follows: A Grade: Products fit for sale B Grade: Products with minor defects that will be re-touched/ re-finished to become A Grade. C Grade: Products which are not fit for sale If a coloured product is required by the customer, the A Grade uncoloured product will be fed to the painting


unit. Both uncoloured and coloured products will be packed before leaving the factory. Water and solid wastes were generated from the manufacturing process. Two types of wastewater are generated - i.e uncoloured and coloured wastewater. Uncoloured wastewater with some solids

is generated when the green sheets were drained at the Mixing & Hatschek Unit. Coloured wastewater is only generated at the painting unit. No solid matters except minor amounts of pigments are lost.

C-Grade products are wastes disposed of at an external landfill.

2.8 Environment and health during manufacturing

Wastewater: Non-paint contaminated wastewater is treated by the designated treatment units and 100% recycled to the manufacturing processes. Paint contaminated wastewater is directed to another treatment unit. In case of the malfunction of treatment unit, paint contaminated wastewater will be sent to a Department of Industrial Works (DIW) licensed external vendor. Waste: Non-hazardous wastes (e.g. C Grade products, sludge from non-paint wastewater treatment unit etc.), are sent to an external landfill with permit from the DIW. Hazardous wastes (e.g. paint sludge) are treated and disposed of by a DIW licensed waste vendor.Air emission: Air emissions control technology and equipment (e.g. dust collector, scrubber) are installed to collect dusts and fumes from the manufacturing process (i.e. raw material loading, cutting, autoclaving). Air emissions monitoring program is implemented in accordance to Thailand's /Factory Act B.E. 2535 (1992). Health: Level of exposure to noise, dust, and chemical in workplace is monitored in accordance to Thailand's /Labour Protection Act B.E. 2514 (1998)/. Personal protection equipment (PPE) is provided to all employees (e.g. ear plug, dust mask, respirator, etc.) in order to prevent the exposure to potential hazards.ISO 14001: Mahaphant has planned to undergo ISO 14001 verification in 2015. It has undergone a pre-audit in 2014 and Mahaphant is currently closing the gaps discovered during the pre-audit.

2.9 Product processing/InstallationFibre cement board is cut using diamond-cutters, which reduces dust and rejects due to their superior cutting ability.

2.10 PackagingAll products are packed before distribution,with cardboards and plastic sheets, tied with nylon straps. Information stickers are then placed on the packed products. Packaging materials are not reused.

2.11 Condition of useThe products are intended for use as outdoor roofing materials. Based on current knowledge, no hazards to water, air and soil will arise from installing fibre cement board according to its intended use.The product's working temperature ranges from -20°C to 118°C. The product is resistant against water, oil, sea water and diluted acid and bases; and will not disintegrate when in contact with these liquids. After curing fibre cement products can be used with almost no limits when its intended use and local rules and regulations are observed.

2.12 Environment and health during use Heavy metal analysis (/US EPA SW 846 6010C/ and /US EPA SW 846 7473/), showed results as received and at dry basis are lower than the criteria limit. The asbestos Crystalline Phase Analysis using Rigaku, X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) showed non-detect (more information in Section 7.1 Leaching Test). Based on the analysis results abovementioned and current knowledge, there are no known hazards to water, soil, and human health during the product’s intended use.

2.13 Reference service lifeNot relevant. Declared module is A1-A3.

2.14 Extraordinary effects

FireThe product is of fibre-cement and is naturally"non-combustible". Hence, /EN 13501/ Fire Resistance testing is considered irrelevant. In the event of a fire, structural collapse is likely to occur prior to roofing material's disintegration. Fire protection


Not relevant as fibre-cement product is naturally fire-resistant.

Name Value

WaterMahaphant roof covering products produces no chemical reaction when exposed to water. Furthermore, heavy metal concentrations within the products are lower than the maximum allowable limit based on the US EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical.

Mechanical destructionThe declared products were tested for its ultimate strength/bending stress, yielding 4250 Newton/meter (minimum).

2.15 Re-use phaseProducts are not designed for reuse, recycling, and recovery (energy or otherwise), as it may impact the quality and render it unfit for its intended use.

2.16 DisposalMahaphant roofing materials scraps/wastes are classified as non-hazardous wastes under Thailand Factory Act 1992, Disposal of Waste and Usable Material regulation. /Waste Code: 10 13 11/ wastes from cement-based composite materials without asbestos

2.17 Further informationFor more information, please visit http://www.mahaphant.com/en/home/home-owner.jsp

3. LCA: Calculation rules

3.1 Declared UnitAll declared products are composed of similar raw materials and manufactured under the same process, thus the LCA results is the average for all declared products. The LCA of these products was conducted based on a cradle-to-gate approach, and therefore the mass unit of the product was adopted as the declared unit instead of the functional unit in this study.

Declared unitName Value UnitDeclared unit 1 tGross density Average gross density 1490 kg/m3

Conversion factor to 1 kg 1000 -

3.2 System boundaryThe Declaration includes the product stage modules, A1 – A3, which are:1) A1 - raw material extraction and processing, processing of secondary material input;2) A2 – transport to the manufacturer; and3) A3 – manufacturing.The product stage is set to include those processes that provide the material and energy inputs into the system and the following manufacturing and transport processes up to the factory gate as well as the processing of any waste arising from those processes.

3.3 Estimates and assumptions· All processes were considered in this LCA without exclusions · For upstream processes i.e. raw material acquisition, generic Ecoinvent unit process 2.2 data customised with country-specific data (e.g. grid electricity mix) were used for this LCA. · Default values, which exclude production of capital goods and infrastructure in Ecoinvent unit process 2.2, were used

3.4 Cut-off criteriaEmissions attributable to fly ash were neglected, as its economic value represents less than or is equal to 1% of the overall revenue of the power plant.

3.5 Background data

Data Type of LCI Data Data AgingRaw materials, ancillary materials, secondary materials, and packaging materials acquisition

Generic data provided in the /Ecoinvent database2.2/

Last updated in May 2010

Raw materials, ancillary materials, secondary materials, and packaging materials transportation

Theoretical value, point-to-point distance provided by the Google map

Distance estimated using Google Map during 2012 – 2013

Thailand grid electricity

Country specific data

2009

Chilean grid electricity

Country specific data

2012

Manufacturing process

Site specific data and theoretical value

October 2010 – September 2011

3.6 Data qualityAll manufacturing data are provided by Mahaphant. The data includes i) amount of all materials, ii) energy consumption, iii) data related to final products, and iv) waste generated. The data of materials, energy consumption, and final product are collected by SAP system. For the waste generated, its data are collected from two sources from SAP system and the waste data record of the quality control (QC) department. Generic data provided on Ecoinvent Unit Process are used for upstream production.

3.7 Period under reviewData collection period: October 2010 - September 2011

3.8 AllocationMass of intermediates/final products produced is used to allocate water and electricity used for production. There is no declaration of loads and credits in Module

http://www.mahaphant.com/en/home/home-owner.jsp


D. The manufacturing processes of the declared product do not produce any co-products.

3.9 ComparabilityBasically, a comparison or an evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all the data sets to be compared

were created according to /EN 15804/ and the building context, respectively the product-specific characteristics of performance, are taken into account.

4. LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information


5. LCA: Results DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM BOUNDARY (X = INCLUDED IN LCA; MND = MODULE NOT DECLARED)

PRODUCT STAGECONSTRUCTION PROCESS

STAGEUSE STAGE END OF LIFE STAGE

BENEFITS AND LOADS

BEYOND THE SYSTEM

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X X X MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND

RESULTS OF THE LCA - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT: 1000 kg of Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering products

Parameter Unit A1 - A3

Global warming potential [kg CO2-Eq.] 870.000Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer [kg CFC11-Eq.] 2.370E-5

Acidification potential of land and water [kg SO2-Eq.] 8.530Eutrophication potential [kg (PO4)3-- Eq.] 2.070

Formation potential of tropospheric ozone photochemical oxidants [kg Ethen Eq.] 0.194Abiotic depletion potential for non fossil resources [kg Sb Eq.] 1.570E-5

Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources [MJ] 3660.000RESULTS OF THE LCA - RESOURCE USE: 1000 kg of Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering products


Renewable primary energy as energy carrier [MJ] 984.000Renewable primary energy resources as material utilization [MJ] 0.000

Total use of renewable primary energy resources [MJ] 984.000Non renewable primary energy as energy carrier [MJ] 3600.000

Non renewable primary energy as material utilization [MJ] 0.000Total use of non renewable primary energy resources [MJ] 3600.000

Use of secondary material [kg] 95.900Use of renewable secondary fuels [MJ] 0.000

Use of non renewable secondary fuels [MJ] 0.000Use of net fresh water [m³] 682.000

RESULTS OF THE LCA – OUTPUT FLOWS AND WASTE CATEGORIES: 1000 kg of Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering products


Hazardous waste disposed [kg] 0.000Non hazardous waste disposed [kg] 147.000

Radioactive waste disposed [kg] 0.000Components for re-use [kg] 0.000Materials for recycling [kg] 0.000

Materials for energy recovery [kg] 0.000Exported electrical energy [MJ] 0.000Exported thermal energy [MJ] 0.000

6. LCA: Interpretation

The lifecycle hotspots by environmental impact are shown in Table 1, highlighted as grey cells with asterisks. Figure 1 presents the environmental impact by components for Uncoloured Hand-Moulded Roof Ridge which has the lowest impact within the declared products, while Figure 2 shows the results for Coloured Trilon Roof Tile which showed the highest impact).The following can be summarised from the hotspot analysis:- All declared products show similar hotspot for each impact category.- Raw material acquisition generated the highest environmental impact in terms of global warming potential (GWP) (about 85 - 90% of total GWP impact of the product). It is also the biggest ozone depletion

potential (ODP) contributor, contributing roughly 75 - 80% of total ODP impact.- The LCA results presented in Figure 1 and Figure 2 revealed that Portland cement production was the biggest contributor of GWP and ODP impacts compared among all raw materials used.- Transport generated the highest acidification potential (AP), accounting for 80 - 90% of total AP impact.- Based on the LCA results presented in Figure 1, production of diesel, which was used as fuel for material transport, showed the highest AP, EP, and POCP impacts. Raw material acquisition represents about 60 - 80% of total ADPE and ADPF (abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil and fossil resources, respectively).


- Portland cement production resulted in the highest ADPE and ADPF impact among all raw materials.

Table 1 Hotspot Identification for Producing 1000 kg of Declared Products

Figure 1 Environmental Impacts by Components for Uncoloured Hand-Moulded Roof Ridge

Figure 2 Environmental Impacts by Component for Coloured Trilon Roof Tile

Since the Declaration presents the average results of all declared products, this sensitivity analysis is performed to show the range of environmental impact

results, from minimum to maximum value for each impact category for all products.


Table 2 Summary of Environmental Impact Ranges of Producing 1000 kg of the Declared Products

Remark: *the declared value is the average value of all ten declared products

The sensitivity analysis shows that the declared values are closer to the value of the maximum environmental impacts, where the maximum deviation is for ADPE (28.8% difference between minimum value and

declared value). The remaining deviations of impact values are around 20% or less. This implies that the declared value is reasonably conservative and is suitable to represent all declared products within the same Class.

7. Requisite evidence

7.1 Radioactivity MethodologyEU Directorate General for Environment, Nuclear Safety and Civic Protection’s /Document 112/: “Radiological Protection Principles concerning the Natural Radioactivity of Building Materials”, sets out a screening process whereby building materials which, in their usual context, do not lead to a contribution of more than 0.3 millisieverts per annum do not generally require further assessment. Typical activity concentrations (in becquerels per kilogram) for certain building materials, are shown below in Table7.1.

Table 7.1 Typical Activity Concentrations for Common Building Materials

An activity concentration index (I) is calculated from the relative contributions of the three principal radionuclides in the building materials: I = CRa + CTh + CK 300 Bq/kg 200 Bq/kg 3000 Bq/kg/Document 112/ recommends that the maximum acceptable level I is 2 for superficial (non-bulk) materials. Cellulose fibres were excluded from assessment as it is of plant origin and are not of concern. AssessmentTable 7.2 shows the weighted activity concentration index for each product type.Since there is no data on cement clinker in /Document 112/, values for fly ash have been used as a highly conservative estimate.

Table 7.2 Activity Concentration Indices

All of the Mahaphant range has an activity concentration index of below 2. ConclusionBased on data from the EU /Document 112/ and a peer-reviewed journal paper, no further radiological testing is considered necessary for the declared products because our calculated I shown in Table 7.2 are lower than 2.


7.2 LeachingMeasuring Agency: SIRIM Berhad in MalaysiaProtocol: /US EPA SW846 6010B/, /US EPA SW846 6010C/ and /US EPA SW846 7473/.Date: 13 June 2012. Result: Table 7.3 and Table 7.4.

Table 7.3 Result of Heavy metals concentration

Table 7.4 Result of Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure Analysis (Inorganic)

VOC emissionsName Value Unit

TVOC (C6 - C16) after 24 hours 0.05 mg/(m3-hr)

Formaldehyde (after 48 hours) <0.02 mg/(m3-hr)

Total Phthalate emission <0.003 mg/m3Total particle emission <0.01 mg/m3

8. References

Institut Bauen und UmweltInstitut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., Berlin (pub.):Generation of Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs);

ISO 14025DIN EN ISO 14025:2011-10: Environmental labels and declarations — Type III environmental declarations — Principles and procedures

EN 15804EN 15804:2012-04+A1 2013: Sustainability of construction works — Environmental Product Declarations — Core rules for the product category of construction products

PCR Part AInstitut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., Berlin (pub.): Product Category Rules for Construction Products from the range of Environmental Product Declarations of Institut Bauen und Umwelt (IBU), Part A: Calculation Rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and Requirements on the Background Report. April 2013www.bau-umwelt.de

PCR Part BInstitut Bauen und Umwelt e.V., Berlin (pub.): Product Category Rules for Fibre cement / Fibre concrete. July 2014www.bau-umwelt.de

2011 EGCO Financial Reporthttp://egco.listedcompany.com/misc/FORM561/20120402-EGCO-Form561-2011-TH.pdf http://www.egco.com/th/ir_quote.asp

ASTM C1186 ASTM C1186 - 08(2012): Standard Specification for Flat Non-Asbestos Fiber-Cement Sheets ASTM C1185ASTM C1185- 08(2012): Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Non-Asbestos Fiber-Cement Flat Sheet, Roofing and Siding Shingles, and Clapboards BS EN 494BS EN 494:2010: Fibre-cement profiled sheets and fittings. Product specification and test methods

BS EN 13501BS EN 13501-5:2005+A1:2009: Fire classification of construction products and building elements. Classification using data from external fire exposure to roofs tests.

Document 112The Europion union: Radiological Protection Principles concerning the Natural Radioactivity of Building Materails http://ec.europa.eu/energy/nuclear/radiation_protection/doc/publication/112.pdf

EcoinventEcoinvent Centre, is a competence Centre of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zurich) and Lausanne (EPF Lausanne), the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (Empa), and the Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon (ART), is the world's leading supplier of consistent and transparent life cycle


inventory (LCI) data of known quality with the database ecoinvent data v2.2 and offers science based, industrial, international life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle management (LCM) data and services. www.ecoinvent.org

Factory Act B.E. 2535 (1992)Department of Industrial Works, Ministry of Industry, Thailand Fly ash generated from the combustion process at the BLCP Power Stationhttp://www.blcp.co.th/th/technical_process.php?page=4 ISO 14001DIN EN ISO 14001:2004, Environmental Management Systems-Requirement ISO 14040DIN EN ISO 14040:2006-10, Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework (ISO 14040:2006) ISO 14044DIN EN ISO 14044:2006-10, Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14040:2006) ISO 8336DIN ISO 8336:2009: Fibre-cement flat sheets -- Product specification and test methods ISO 9001DIN ISO 9001:2008: Quality management systems – Requirements

Labour Protection Act B.E. 2514 (1998)Department of Labour Protection and Welfare, Ministry of Labour, Thailand SimaProSimaPro LCA Package, Pré Consultants, The Netherlands www.pre-sustainability.com Thai National Life Cycle Inventory Database, developed and owned by the National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC).http://www.mtec.or.th/en/index.php http://www.thailcidatabase.net/index.php/thai-national-life-cycle-inventory-database TIS 1427TIS 1427 – 2540: Fibre-Cement Flat sheets, Thai Industrial standards Institute, Ministry of Industry, Thailand US EPA SW 846 6010B US EPA SW 846 6010B: Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry US EPA SW 846 6010C US EPA SW 846 6010C: Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry US EPA SW 846 7473US EPA SW 846 7473: Mercury in Solids and Solutions by Thermal Decomposition, Amalgamation, and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Bulletin 1823Methods for sampling and inorganic analysis of coal. Edited by D.W. Golightly and F.O. Simon.http://pubs.usgs.gpend.htmov/bul/b1823/ap

PublisherInstitut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.Panoramastr. 110178 BerlinGermany

Tel +49 (0)30 3087748- 0Fax +49 (0)30 3087748- 29Mail [email protected] www.bau-umwelt.com

Programme holderInstitut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.Panoramastr 110178 BerlinGermany

Tel +49 (0)30 - 3087748- 0Fax +49 (0)30 – 3087748 - 29Mail [email protected] www.bau-umwelt.com

Author of the Life Cycle AssessmentERM-Siam Co, Ltd.Bangkok City Tower, 24th Fl., South Sathorn Rd., Thungmahamek, Sathorn 17910120 BangkokThailand

Tel +66-2-679-5200Fax +66-2-679-5209Mail [email protected] www.erm.com

Owner of the DeclarationMahaphant Fibre-Cement Public Company Limited Moo 12 Saraburi-Lomsak Road K.M. 16, Chongsarika Sub-District, Pattananikom District 5915220 LopburiThailand

Tel +66-3-663-8888Fax +66-3-663-8890Mail [email protected]

http://www.mahaphant.com/en/home/home-owner.jsp

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION Limited Mahaphant …ilgbcatalog.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/EPD_Shera.pdf · the Mahaphant fibre cement roof covering product was ... Trilon