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Environmental Product Declaration
This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) discloses potential environmental outcomes compliant with ISO 14025 for business to business communication. Design Luxury Vinyl Tile (LVT) resilient floor covering2015 with a 10 year warranty.
Figure 1 Expona Design LVT®
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor is recognised globally as a leading manufacturer of high quality vinyl floor coverings.
It specialises in stylish durable and low maintenance flooring available in sheet, planks and tile.
In collaboration with industry partners, Polyflor is developing new products and technologies.
They are continually evaluating new ideas or alternatives tminimise environmental impacts.
The company strives to be an environmentally and economically sustainable business.
It reports annually on progress in key areas including energy efficiency, recycling, air quality, freight and packaging.
Polyflor is the founding member of Recofloor the vinyl flooring take-back scheme where used vinyl is collected and diverted from landfill to be recycled.
Socially aware, Polyflor has commitments to continuously improve life quality of their workforce and families as wthe larger community.
Polyflor’s factories are ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems certified.
Low emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) also enable a healthy indoor environment.
More information is at http://www.polyflor.com.au
This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) discloses potential environmental outcomes compliant with ISO 14025 for business to business communication. The declared unit is Homogeneous Ex
resilient floor covering/m2 made by Polyflor in UK
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
recognised globally as a leading manufacturer of high quality vinyl floor coverings.
It specialises in stylish durable and low maintenance flooring available in sheet, planks and tile.
In collaboration with industry partners, Polyflor is developing new products and technologies.
They are continually evaluating new ideas or alternatives that minimise environmental impacts.
The company strives to be an environmentally and economically sustainable business.
It reports annually on progress in key areas including energy efficiency, recycling, air quality, freight and packaging.
the founding member of Recofloor the vinyl flooring
back scheme where used vinyl is collected and diverted from landfill to be recycled.
Socially aware, Polyflor has commitments to continuously improve life quality of their workforce and families as well as the larger community.
Polyflor’s factories are ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems certified.
Low emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) also enable a healthy indoor environment.
More information is at http://www.polyflor.com.au
This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) discloses potential environmental outcomes compliant Homogeneous Expona UK in 2012 for sale to
Environmental Product Declaration
16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT
Table of Contents
Heading
1. Details of This Declaration ................................
2. Product Characterisation ................................
3. Indoor Environment Quality (IEQ)
4. Base Material Origin and Detail
5. Packaging, Installation, Use & Disposal
6. Whole of life Performance ................................
7. Green Star® Certified Credits ................................
8. Results ................................................................
9. Verification of this Declaration ................................
10. Life Cycle Assessment Method
11. LCA System Phases ................................
12. Supply Chain Modelling ................................
13. Data Sources Representativeness and Quality
14. Assumptions for Supply Chain Modelling
15. References for this LCA & EPD
Different programme EPDs may not be comparableFurther and explanatory information is found at [email protected]
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
3. Indoor Environment Quality (IEQ) ................................................................................................
................................................................................................
5. Packaging, Installation, Use & Disposal ..............................................................................................
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
10. Life Cycle Assessment Method ................................................................................................
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
13. Data Sources Representativeness and Quality ................................................................
14. Assumptions for Supply Chain Modelling ................................................................
15. References for this LCA & EPD ................................................................................................
may not be comparable e.g. Australia has more transport than elsewhere. Further and explanatory information is found at http://www.globalgreentag.com/[email protected] © This EPD remains the property of the Global GreenTag Pty Ltd
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
Page 2 of 10
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e.g. Australia has more transport than elsewhere. http://www.globalgreentag.com/ or contact:
GreenTag Pty Ltd.
Environmental Product Declaration
16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT
1. DETAILS OF THIS DECLARATION
Program Operator
GreenTag Global called Global GreenTag noted at www.globalgreentag
Reference PCR Complies with PCR FP;2014 Building
Time Made in 2012, sold from 2013
Geography Made in UK.
Application Interior residential, commercial
Functional unit Product acquisition,
Ecolabel Global GreenTag CertTM
LCARate Silver GreenRate Level A
2. PRODUCT CHARACTERISATION
Definition Homogeneous
Standard EN ISO 10582 Resilient floor coverings floor coverings
3. INDOOR ENVIRONMENT QUALITY (IEQ)
The products do not adversely affect IEQ. As a minimum they comply with TVOC emission limits of:
Total VOC The declared product has been tested to ASTMminimum with TVOC emissions limit of 0.5mg/m
Certified IEQ Meets Green Star®
Certified VOC GreenTag® GreenRate certificate demonstrates compliance to relevant Green Star® IEQ credits for VOC emissions of Indoor materials/products.
4. BASE MATERIAL ORIGIN AND DETAIL
Table 1 lists key components function, type, operations, source and mass percentage share
Table 1 Base Material %w/w Function Component Filler Limestone Binder Suspension PVC Plasticiser DiOctylTerePhthalateWear Film SPVC DOTP Print Film SPVC DOTP Dye Stabiliser Ca Zn Soap Pigments Carbon Black
Chromium Oxide
Iron Oxides Ti, Zn, Co, Ni Oxide
Emulsifier Gum Rosin Coating Polyurethane
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]
IS DECLARATION
GreenTag Global Pty Ltd hereafter called Global GreenTag noted at www.globalgreentag.com
EPD Number PLFRE002
Date issue 29th July 2014
Validity 29th July 2017Complies with PCR FP;2014 Building Floor Cover Product
Made in 2012, sold from 2013 and used 20 years UK. Use is as for in Australasia.
residential, commercial & industrial floor covering. cquisition, manufacture, use & disposition/m2 Silver PLUS
GreenRate Level A
ATION
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT® resilient floor covering
EN ISO 10582 Resilient floor coverings – Heterogeneous poly(vinyl chloride) floor coverings - Specifications
QUALITY (IEQ)
not adversely affect IEQ. As a minimum they comply with TVOC emission limits of:
The declared product has been tested to ASTM D5116 and complies as a minimum with TVOC emissions limit of 0.5mg/m2/hour.
Meets Green Star® IEQ VOC credits for Flooring
GreenRate certificate demonstrates compliance to relevant Green Star® IEQ credits for VOC emissions of Indoor materials/products.
ORIGIN AND DETAIL
Table 1 lists key components function, type, operations, source and mass percentage share
Production (+All Pack Haulage)
OriginMine, Crush, Sieve, Pack, P. R. Extract, Chlorinate, Taiwan
DiOctylTerePhthalate Drill, Distil, Extract, P. R. Plasticise, Stabilise & TaiwanPlasticise, Stabilise, Dye, TaiwanMine, Farm, Extract, Refine, P. R. Drill, Refine, Burn, Extract, P. R. Mine, Extract, Precipitate,
P. R. Mine, Digest, Compound, P. R.
xides Mine, Digest, Compound, GlobalForestry, Tap, Extract & IndonesiaFarm, Drill, Extract, P. R.
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
Page 3 of 10
PLFRE002-002-2014 July 2014 July 2017
Heterogeneous poly(vinyl chloride)
not adversely affect IEQ. As a minimum they comply with TVOC emission limits of:
D5116 and complies as a
GreenRate certificate demonstrates compliance to relevant Green Star® IEQ credits for VOC emissions of Indoor materials/products.
Table 1 lists key components function, type, operations, source and mass percentage share (%w/w).
Origin Amount >55
Taiwan >20 >8.0
Taiwan >5.0 Taiwan >2.5
>0.2 >0.2 >0.2 >0.5
Global Indonesia >0.1
>0.1
Environmental Product Declaration
16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT
5. PACKAGING, INSTALL ATION, USE & DISPOSA
Packaging Cardboard tubes and packaging paper
Service life Residential and commercial refits vary but 20 year life is assumed typical.
Health Safety & Environment
Apart from compliance to occupational and environmental laws no additional personal protection is considered essential.
Residual Scrap Mill off-cuts are reused. Installation
Cleaning & Maintenance
The recommended cleaning and health concerns. Care and maintenance guides are on company websites.
Scenario Weekly vacuuming or damp mopping with hot water and neutral detergent
Recycling Most mill scrap is re
Re-use Assumes 60% product is serviceable for reuse over 40 more years.
Disposal Assumes 30% is recycled. No i
6. WHOLE OF LIFE PERFORMANCE
Health Protection The product group 1, that warrants from the Ecospecifier Cautionary Assessment Process (ESCAP) and no issues or red light concerns exist
Environmental Protection
Continuous improvement under the maker’s certified ISO14001 EMS aims to avoid toxics, waste and pollution plus reduce their material and energy use.
Environmental Health Effects
Installed products areIEQ VOC credits for indoor environment quality credits. No other potential inuse impacts on environment or health are known.
7. GREEN STAR® CERTIFIED CREDITS
Products are relevant to the Green Buildinrequired this EPD is evidence the be used as evidence in Green Star® submissions GBCA recognised Global GreenTag GreenRate to meet the following credits
• Office Version (V) 3: IEQ-13:• Office Interiors V1.1:IEQ-11:• Retail Centre V1: IEQ-8: Volatile• Education V1: IEQ-8: Volatile• Healthcare V1: IEQ-8: Volatile• Multi Unit Residential V1: IEQ• Industrial V1: IEQ-8: Volatile• Interiors V1: Sustainable Products,• Public Building V1: IEQ-8: • Design & as Built V1: Sustainable
GBCA Disclaimer
Green Star® is a registered mark of the Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA). Assessments shall not be reproduced in part at any time. Rating Tools and Technical Manuals are subject to change by the GBCA. This EPD constitutes a Technical Opinion and its agents. Technical details of credit requirements
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]
ATION, USE & DISPOSA L
Cardboard tubes and packaging paper
Residential and commercial refits vary but 20 year life is assumed typical.
Apart from compliance to occupational and workplace health safety and environmental laws no additional personal protection is considered essential.
cuts are reused. Installation scrap of 5% is assumed
The recommended cleaning and maintenance raises no ecosystem or human health concerns. Care and maintenance guides are on company websites.
Weekly vacuuming or damp mopping with hot water and neutral detergent
scrap is recycled into new product.
Assumes 60% product is serviceable for reuse over 40 more years.
Assumes 30% is recycled. No incineration is assumed as it is
ORMANCE
The product contains minimal Titanium Dioxide that if inhaled acts as IARC group 1, that warrants human health concern cradle to grave. It is excluded
the Ecospecifier Cautionary Assessment Process (ESCAP) and no issues or red light concerns existed for product human or ecological toxicity.
Continuous improvement under the maker’s certified ISO14001 EMS aims to avoid toxics, waste and pollution plus reduce their material and energy use.
Installed products are certified as having VOC’s compliant with Green Star® IEQ VOC credits for indoor environment quality credits. No other potential inuse impacts on environment or health are known.
IED CREDITS
Products are relevant to the Green Building Council of Australia’s (GBCA) Green Star® scheme. his EPD is evidence the declared product meets the following Green Star® credits
Green Star® submissions for those credits. The product isognised Global GreenTag GreenRate to meet the following credits for Green Star
13: Volatile Organic Compounds: Carpets & Flooring11: Volatile Organic Compounds: Carpets & Flooring,Volatile Organic Compounds: Carpet & Flooring
Volatile Organic Compounds: Carpet & Flooring, Mat-Volatile Organic Compounds: Flooring, Mat-11: Flooring
IEQ-8: Volatile Organic Compounds: Flooring, MatVolatile Organic Compounds: Carpet & Flooring
Products, Responsible Building Materials, Indoor Pollutants Volatile Organic Compounds: Flooring, Mat-11: Flooring
Sustainable Products, Responsible Building Material,
Green Star® is a registered mark of the Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA). Assessments shall not be reproduced in part at any time. Rating Tools and Technical Manuals are subject to change
This EPD constitutes a Technical Opinion and as such is not endorsed by the GBCA or redit requirements are provided in Green Star® Technical Manuals.
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
Page 4 of 10
Residential and commercial refits vary but 20 year life is assumed typical.
workplace health safety and environmental laws no additional personal protection is considered essential.
scrap of 5% is assumed to go to landfill.
maintenance raises no ecosystem or human health concerns. Care and maintenance guides are on company websites.
Weekly vacuuming or damp mopping with hot water and neutral detergent
Assumes 60% product is serviceable for reuse over 40 more years.
assumed as it is rare in Australia
contains minimal Titanium Dioxide that if inhaled acts as IARC alth concern cradle to grave. It is excluded
the Ecospecifier Cautionary Assessment Process (ESCAP) and no uman or ecological toxicity.
Continuous improvement under the maker’s certified ISO14001 EMS aims to avoid toxics, waste and pollution plus reduce their material and energy use.
certified as having VOC’s compliant with Green Star® IEQ VOC credits for indoor environment quality credits. No other potential in-
g Council of Australia’s (GBCA) Green Star® scheme. If Green Star® credits. It may
product is certified by for Green Star®:
Flooring Flooring, Mat-2:Flooring
-11: Flooring Flooring
Mat-11: Flooring
Pollutants Flooring , Indoor Pollutants
Green Star® is a registered mark of the Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA). Assessments shall not be reproduced in part at any time. Rating Tools and Technical Manuals are subject to change
is not endorsed by the GBCA or Green Star® Technical Manuals.
Environmental Product Declaration
16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT
8. RESULTS
Table 2 shows the product Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Eco
Table 2 Potential Impact ResultsEvaluation CategoryProduct mass EcoIndicator 99 Embodied Water Carbon Dioxide EmissionsGross Energy and FeedstockRenewable Primary EnergyEcosystem Quality DamagesHuman Health DamagesOzone Depletion Acidification Eutrophication Fossil Fuel DepletionMineral Resource
Table 3 shows product Global GreenTag Sustainability Assessment Criteria (SAC) Scores prior to weighting and subsequently used to determine the GreenTagscore shows fewer impacts and damages and greater benefits for environmental and social outcomes. SAC scores are normalised against products
• 1.0 = worst base business as • 0.0 = neutral no improvement and • -1.0= net positive benefit
Table 3 GreenTag EcoPOINT Category PotentialBuilding SynergyHealth & EcotoxicityBiodiversity LCA Score Greenhouse EmissionSocial ResponsibilityGreenTag EcoPOINT
9. VERIFICATION OF THIS DECLARATION
This EPD was approved on March 16
Role Signature
LCA Review
PCR Review Chair
Internal EPD Review
1 where e= equivalent 2 http://www.ecospecifier.com.au/knowledge
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Eco-Indicator 99 results
Potential Impact Results /m2 Evaluation Category Unit Result
kg/m2 5.2 ecopoint 1.07 kl
Carbon Dioxide Emissions kg CO2e1
and Feedstock MJ Renewable Primary Energy MJ Ecosystem Quality Damages PDF*m2*yr 1.6EHuman Health Damages DALY 1.8E
kg R11e 2.3Ekg SO2e kg PO4
3-e 0.01
Fossil Fuel Depletion MJsurplus 13.2Mineral Resource MJsurplus 0.02
Global GreenTag Sustainability Assessment Criteria (SAC) Scores prior to used to determine the GreenTag EcoPOINT2. For sustainability a lower
score shows fewer impacts and damages and greater benefits for environmental and social SAC scores are normalised against products that perform the same function
1.0 = worst base business as usual (BAU) 0.0 = neutral no improvement and
EcoPOINT & SAC Scores/m 2 Category Potential Results (- 1 to +1)Building Synergy 1.00Health & Ecotoxicity 0.25
0.491.00
Greenhouse Emission 0.88Social Responsibility 0.20GreenTag EcoPOINT 0.60
HIS DECLARATION
March 16th 2015 according to the requirements of ISO14025 8.1.3b.
Signature Name Position
Shloka Ashar Global GreenTag Lead Auditor
Delwyn Jones Evah Institute CEO & Assessment Director
David Baggs Global GreenTag CEO & Program Director
http://www.ecospecifier.com.au/knowledge-green/glossary.aspx#greentagecopoint
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
Page 5 of 10
for 20 years of use.
Result 5.20 1.07 380 14
269 27
E-04 E-03 E-09
0.6 0.01 13.2 0.02
Global GreenTag Sustainability Assessment Criteria (SAC) Scores prior to . For sustainability a lower
score shows fewer impacts and damages and greater benefits for environmental and social that perform the same function and result of:
1 to +1) 1.00
0.25 0.49 1.00 0.88 0.20 0.60
2015 according to the requirements of ISO14025 8.1.3b.
Global GreenTag Lead Auditor
Assessment Director
Global GreenTag CEO & Program Director
Environmental Product Declaration
16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT
10. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT METHOD
LCA Author The Evah Institute as described at www.evah.com.au
Study Period Factory data was collected from 2012 to 2014
Scope Cradle to grave
LCA Method Compliant with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 Standards
LCIA method EcoIndicator 99 Life Cycle Impact (LCIA) Assessment
Quality Control Systems, methods and deach time they are
System Boundaries
The LCA covers all operations in the system boundary depicted in Figure 2. It includes water, product as well as after sale delivery. Some background operations are not shown but all known operations were tracked from the cradle and included to the grave.
Phases The study covered all fuel use, power generation, scrap recovery, manufacture, packing, freight, installation, use, disposal plus dispatch for reuse, recycling, landfill and recovery.
Processes All known processes are acquisition, power generation, manufacture, transport, installation and landfill. All waste and emissions for depicted product intermediates and supply chain operations shown in Figure 3 are included as well
Scenarios Use, cleaning, maintenance plus disposition and reusing Facility Management Association denoted and published typical operations.
Assumptions Use is to typical Australian Facility
11. LCA SYSTEM PHASES
All cradle to grave phases and stages that the LCA covered are depicted in Figure
Figure 2 Phases and Stages Cradle to Grave
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]
METHOD
Institute as described at www.evah.com.au
Factory data was collected from 2012 to 2014
Cradle to grave
Compliant with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 Standards
EcoIndicator 99 Life Cycle Impact (LCIA) Assessment
Systems, methods and databases are audited by external certifiersthey are updated with new project information.
The LCA covers all operations in the system boundary depicted in Figure 2. It includes water, waste and emissions for all intermediates used to make and pack product as well as after sale delivery. Some background operations are not shown but all known operations were tracked from the cradle and included to the grave.
The study covered all known stages and phases including resource acquisition, fuel use, power generation, scrap recovery, manufacture, packing, freight, installation, use, disposal plus dispatch for reuse, recycling, landfill and recovery.
All known processes are included for water, fuel & energy use, resource acquisition, power generation, manufacture, transport, installation and landfill. All waste and emissions for depicted product intermediates and supply chain operations shown in Figure 3 are included as well as all background operations.
Use, cleaning, maintenance plus disposition and re-use were scenariousing Facility Management Association denoted and published typical operations.
Use is to typical Australian Facility Management professional practice.
All cradle to grave phases and stages that the LCA covered are depicted in Figure 2
Phases and Stages Cradle to Grave
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
Page 6 of 10
atabases are audited by external certifiers
The LCA covers all operations in the system boundary depicted in Figure 2. It waste and emissions for all intermediates used to make and pack
product as well as after sale delivery. Some background operations are not shown but all known operations were tracked from the cradle and included to the grave.
known stages and phases including resource acquisition, fuel use, power generation, scrap recovery, manufacture, packing, freight, installation, use, disposal plus dispatch for reuse, recycling, landfill and recovery.
included for water, fuel & energy use, resource acquisition, power generation, manufacture, transport, installation and landfill. All waste and emissions for depicted product intermediates and supply chain
as all background operations.
use were scenario-based using Facility Management Association denoted and published typical operations.
Management professional practice.
2.
Environmental Product Declaration
16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT
12. SUPPLY CHAIN MODELLI NG
Industry supply chain databases cover all known
Processes to acquire, refine, transport, fabricatmasonry, ceramic, timber, glass, plastic and composite
These include those of:
• Mining, extracting and refining resources to make commodities and p• Acquiring, cultivating, harvest• Fuel production to supply power and process energy and • Chemicals use in processing r• Process energy, fuel and freight• Use, cleaning, recoating, repair, • Infrastructure process energy transform
They exclude scope 3 burdens from:
• Building capital facilities, churn updates and equipment; Noise and dehydration as well as• Incidental activities and travel of employees engaged on
A flow chart in Figure 3 shows key product supply chain operations from cradle to disposition.
Figure 3 Major Product Operations
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]
NG
cover all known domestic and global scope 1 and 2
, transport, fabricate, coat, use, clean, repair, reuse and disposmasonry, ceramic, timber, glass, plastic and composites are modelled.
refining resources to make commodities and packagingharvesting, extracting, refining produce and biomass;
Fuel production to supply power and process energy and freight; in processing resources, intermediates and ancillaries;
freight of resources, intermediates and ancillaries;Use, cleaning, recoating, repair, recycling, re-use and landfill, as well as
energy transformed and material wear loss e.g. tyres
They exclude scope 3 burdens from:
Building capital facilities, churn updates and equipment; Noise and dehydration as well asIncidental activities and travel of employees engaged on-site in production facilities.
chart in Figure 3 shows key product supply chain operations from cradle to disposition.
Figure 3 Major Product Operations
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
Page 7 of 10
cope 1 and 2 operations.
reuse and dispose of metal,
ackaging; biomass;
ncillaries;
tyres.
Building capital facilities, churn updates and equipment; Noise and dehydration as well as site in production facilities.
chart in Figure 3 shows key product supply chain operations from cradle to disposition.
Environmental Product Declaration
16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT
13. DATA SOURCES REPRESENTATIVENESS AND QU
Metadata on corporate locations, logistics and technologyshare, management systems, standards and commitment to improThe data employed for modelling the state of art of each operation includes
• technology sequences • energy and water use • landfill and effluent plus
Primary data has been sourced from clients, Background data is sourced fromFranklin Associates, Boustead 6, model databases. Information about
• Supply chain mills, their technical • Manufacturers development license applications, specifications, w• Library, document, NPI and web • Global Industry Association
As most sources do not provide estimates of accuracy a pedigree matrix of uncertainty estimates to 95% confidence levels of Geometric Standard DeviationData sets with uncertainties in any of these qualities greater than
Table 4 Data Quality Uncertainty (U) Metric σg U ±0.01 Temporal Post 2013 Duration >3yr Data Source Process Technology Actual Reliability on Site Audit Precision to Process Geography Process True of the Process Sites cover of >50% Sample size >66% trend Cut-off mass 0.01% Consistent to ±0.01 Reproducible >98% confidenceCertainty Very High
The Evah databases exist in top zones oQuality control methods are applied to ensure:
• Coverage of place in time with all information• Consistency to Evah guidelines• Completeness of modelling• Plausibility in 2 way checks of LCI input and output flows • Mathematical correctness of all calculations
Electricity supply models in the active databases are updated annually. As each project is modelledthe systems and databases are updated
3 Evah Institute data quality control system 4 Jones D G (2004) LCI Database for Australian Commercial Building Report 20015 Evah Tools, Databases and Methodology
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]
SENTATIVENESS AND QUALITY
locations, logistics and technology used is documented along withshare, management systems, standards and commitment to improved environmental performance
employed for modelling the state of art of each operation includes all known:
• reliance on raw and recycle• high and reduced process emissions• freight and distribution systems
from clients, their Annual Reports and research papersfrom the International Energy Agency, IBISWorld
Franklin Associates, Boustead 6, Plastics Europe, CML2, Simapro 8, EcoInvent 3. Information about manufacturers’ operations is also sourced from:
echnical manuals, corporate annual reports and sector development license applications, specifications, websites;
and web searches, review papers, building manualsAssociation and Government reports on Best Available Technology (BAT).
As most sources do not provide estimates of accuracy a pedigree matrix of uncertainty estimates to 95% confidence levels of Geometric Standard Deviation2 (σg) is used to define qualityData sets with uncertainties in any of these qualities greater than >±30% are not used.
Table 4 Data Quality Uncertainty (U) for 2014 U ±0.05 U ±0.10 U ±0.20 Post 2009 Post 2005 Post 2000 3yr 2yr 1yr Line Plant Corporate Comparable Within Class ConventionalExpert verify Region Report Sector ReportLine Plant Company Line Plant Nation Mill Company Group >25% >10% >5% >25% trend >10% batch >5% batch 0.05% 0.1% 0.5% <±0.05 <±0.10 <±0.20
>98% confidence >95% >90% >80% High Typical Poor
The Evah databases exist in top zones of commercial global modelling and calculating enginesethods are applied to ensure:
with all information4 for each dataset noted, checkedguidelines5 for all process technology, transport and energy demand;
modelling based on in-house reports, literature and industrychecks of LCI input and output flows of data checked for
Mathematical correctness of all calculations in mass and energy balance cross
in the active databases are updated annually. As each project is modelledupdated and audited by external certifiers
accords with UNEP SETAC Global LCI Database Quality 2010 GuidelinesJones D G (2004) LCI Database for Australian Commercial Building Report 2001-006-B-15 Icon.net, AustraliaEvah Tools, Databases and Methodology Queensland, Australia at http://www.evah.com.au/tools.html
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
Page 8 of 10
ocumented along with market ved environmental performance.
all known:
eliance on raw and recycled material process emissions
freight and distribution systems
Annual Reports and research papers since 1995. World, USGS Minerals,
3 and NREL USLCI anufacturers’ operations is also sourced from:
ector experts;
nuals and Best Available Technology (BAT).
As most sources do not provide estimates of accuracy a pedigree matrix of uncertainty estimates to quality as in Table 43.
30% are not used.
U ±0.30 Pre 1999 <1yr Sector
Conventional Within Sector Sector Report Academic
Industry Continent Industry <5%
Academic 1% <±0.30 <70% Unused >±0.30
calculating engines.
checked and updated; gy, transport and energy demand;
house reports, literature and industry reviews; data checked for validity, plus
in mass and energy balance cross checks.
in the active databases are updated annually. As each project is modelled
2010 Guidelines 15 Icon.net, Australia
http://www.evah.com.au/tools.html
Environmental Product Declaration
16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT
14. ASSUMPTIONS FOR SUPPLY CHAIN MODELLING
Industry sector inventory data is also developed to represent business as usualpractices with operations covering industry supply chains and Environmental performance is evaluated across sectorsinfrastructure, manufacture and other processbuilding sector rules and Evah assumptions applied are defined in Table
Table 5 Scope Boundaries Assumptions and MetadataQuality/Domain National including Import and ExportProcess Model Typical industry practice with currently most common or best (BAT) technologyResource flows Regional data for resource mapping, fuels, energy, electricity and logisticsTemporal Project data was Geography Designated client, site, regional, national, Representation Designated client, their suppliers and energy supply chains back to the cradleConsistency Model all operations by knTechnology Pacific Rim Industry SupplyFunctional Unit Typical product usage with cleaning& disposal/mSystem Control Primary Sources Clients and suppliersOther Sources IEA 2014, GGTData mix Power grid and renewableOperational Company data for process performance, product share, waste and emissionsLogistics Local data is used for power, fuel mix, water supply, logistics share & capacityNew Data Entry Evah Institute 2014; Global Green Tag Researchers 2014;IBIS 201Data Generator Manufacturers, Data Publisher The Evah Institute Pty Ltd to Global GreenTag and designated Persons input All contributors cited in EData Flow & Mix System Boundary Earth’s cradle of all resource & emission flows to end of use, fitout or build lifeSystem flows All known from and to air, land, water and community Capital inclusions Natural stocksArid Practice Dry technology adopted, Water use is factored by 0.1 as for e.g. MiningTransportation Distance >20% than EU; >20% fuel efficieIndustrial Company or iMining All raw material extraction is based on Australian or Pacific Rim technologyImported fuel Mix is from nearest sources Finishes Processing inputs with finishing burdens are factored in. If not that is denotedValidation Accuracy 10th generation study is ± 5 to 15% uncertain due to some background dataCompleteness All significant operations are tracked and documented from the cradlePrecision Tracking of >90% flows appliAllocation %100 to co products on reaction stoichiometry by energetic or massBurdens All resource use from & emissions to community air land, water are includedPlausibility Results are checked and benchmarked against BAT, Sensitivity Calculated U is reported & compared to libraries of Bath U RICE & EcoInventValidity Checks Are made versus Plastics Europe, Ecobilan, GaBi &
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]
PPLY CHAIN MODELLING
also developed to represent business as usual as well as BATing industry supply chains and infrastructure in Australia and overseas.
nce is evaluated across sectors by mining, farming, fishery, forestre and other process technology type plus their license conditions.
assumptions applied are defined in Table 5.
Table 5 Scope Boundaries Assumptions and Metadata National including Import and Export Typical industry practice with currently most common or best (BAT) technologyRegional data for resource mapping, fuels, energy, electricity and logisticsProject data was collated from 2011 to 2014 Designated client, site, regional, national, Pacific Rim then European jurisdictionDesignated client, their suppliers and energy supply chains back to the cradleModel all operations by known given operations with closest proximityPacific Rim Industry Supply Chain Technology typical of 2012Typical product usage with cleaning& disposal/m2 over the set year service life
suppliers mills, publications, websites, specifications & manualsGGT 2014, Boustead 2013, Simapro 2014, IBIS 2013,
rid and renewable shares updated to latest IEA 2014Company data for process performance, product share, waste and emissionsLocal data is used for power, fuel mix, water supply, logistics share & capacityEvah Institute 2014; Global Green Tag Researchers 2014;IBIS 201Manufacturers, Evah Institute 2014; GGT 2014; Meta: IBIS 2012, OtherThe Evah Institute Pty Ltd to Global GreenTag and designated
contributors cited in Evah & Global GreenTag records or websites
Earth’s cradle of all resource & emission flows to end of use, fitout or build lifeAll known from and to air, land, water and community sources & sinksNatural stocks∆, industry stockpiles∆, capital wear ∆, system losses and useDry technology adopted, Water use is factored by 0.1 as for e.g. MiningDistance >20% than EU; >20% fuel efficient larger vehicles, load & distanceCompany or industry sector data for manufacturing and minerals involvedAll raw material extraction is based on Australian or Pacific Rim technologyMix is from nearest sources e.g. North Sea, UAE, SE Asia, Canada Processing inputs with finishing burdens are factored in. If not that is denoted
generation study is ± 5 to 15% uncertain due to some background datasignificant operations are tracked and documented from the cradle
Tracking of >90% flows applies a 90:10 rule sequentially to 99.9% %100 to co products on reaction stoichiometry by energetic or massAll resource use from & emissions to community air land, water are includedResults are checked and benchmarked against BAT, BAU & Calculated U is reported & compared to libraries of Bath U RICE & EcoInventAre made versus Plastics Europe, Ecobilan, GaBi & or Industry LCA Literature
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
Page 9 of 10
s well as BAT infrastructure in Australia and overseas.
, farming, fishery, forestry, freight, their license conditions. Australian
Typical industry practice with currently most common or best (BAT) technology Regional data for resource mapping, fuels, energy, electricity and logistics
Rim then European jurisdiction Designated client, their suppliers and energy supply chains back to the cradle
own given operations with closest proximity Chain Technology typical of 2012 to 2015
over the set year service life
, specifications & manuals 2013, EcoInvent 2014,
2014 reports Company data for process performance, product share, waste and emissions Local data is used for power, fuel mix, water supply, logistics share & capacity Evah Institute 2014; Global Green Tag Researchers 2014;IBIS 2014
Meta: IBIS 2012, Other pre 2014 The Evah Institute Pty Ltd to Global GreenTag and designated client only
or websites
Earth’s cradle of all resource & emission flows to end of use, fitout or build life sources & sinks
, system losses and use Dry technology adopted, Water use is factored by 0.1 as for e.g. Mining
nt larger vehicles, load & distance ndustry sector data for manufacturing and minerals involved
All raw material extraction is based on Australian or Pacific Rim technology UAE, SE Asia, Canada or Russia
Processing inputs with finishing burdens are factored in. If not that is denoted
generation study is ± 5 to 15% uncertain due to some background data significant operations are tracked and documented from the cradle to grave
to 99.9% and beyond %100 to co products on reaction stoichiometry by energetic or mass fraction All resource use from & emissions to community air land, water are included
& worst practice Calculated U is reported & compared to libraries of Bath U RICE & EcoInvent 3
Industry LCA Literature
Environmental Product Declaration
16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT
15. REFERENCES FOR THIS LCA & EPD
Australian & New Zealand (ANZECC) Guidelines For Fresh & Marine Water Qualityhttp://www.environment.gov.au/water/quality/national
Basel Convention (2011) Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastehttp://www.basel.int/portals/4/basel%20convention/docs/text/ba
Boustead (2014) Model 6 LCI database
EcoInvent (2014) LCI Model 3 database
Evah (2015) LCA Tools, Database
Franklin Associates (2014) US LCI Datab
GreenTag™ Certification (2015) http://www2.ecospecifier.org/services_
GreenTag™ (2015) Product Category Rules
Jones D., Mitchell. P. & Watson P. (2004) LCI Database for AustralianReport 2001-006-B-15, Sustainable Built Assets, CRC for Construction Innovation
Jones D.G et al. (2009) Chapter 3: Material Environmental LCA in Newton P et al., (eds) Design & Process Innovation in the Built Environment
IBISWorld (2014) Market Research,
International Energy Agency (2014) Energy Statistics ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management Systems RequirementsISO 14001:2004 Environmental management syISO 14004:2004 EMS: General guidelines on principles, systems & support techniquesISO 14015:2001 EMS: Environmental assessment of sites & organizations (EASO)ISO 14020:2000 Environmental labels & declarations ISO 14024:2009 Environmental labels & declarations ISO 14025:2006 Environmental labellingISO 14031:1999 EM: Environmental performance evaluation: GuidISO 14040:2006 EM: Life cycle assessment (LCA): Principles & frameworkISO 14044:2006 EM: LCA: Requirement & guidelineISO 14064:2006 EM: Greenhouse GasesISO 15392:2008 Sustainability in building ISO 15686-1:2011 Buildings & constructed assets Service life planningISO 15686-2:2012 Buildings & constructed assets ISO 15686-8:2008 Buildings & constructed assets ISO 21929-1:2011 Sustainability in building construction Sustainability indicators Part 1: FrameworkISO 21930:2007 Building construction: Sustainability, Environmental declaration of building productsISO/TS 21931-1:2010 Sustainability in building constructionISO 21932:2013 Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works
Plastics Europe (2014) Portal http://www.plasticseurope.org/plastics
Pre (2014) SimaPro 8 Software, The
Roache S. K. (2012) IMF Report WP/12/115 http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp12115.pdf
UNEP (2014) Persistent Organic Pollutants
USLCI (2014) Life-Cycle Inventory Database
U.S. Geological Survey National Minerals
US EPA (2014) Database of Sources of Environmental Releases of Dioxin like Compounds in U.S http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=20797
Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design
Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]
S LCA & EPD
ANZECC) Guidelines For Fresh & Marine Water Qualityhttp://www.environment.gov.au/water/quality/national-water-quality-management-stra
Basel Convention (2011) Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastehttp://www.basel.int/portals/4/basel%20convention/docs/text/baselconventiontext-e.pdf
LCI database http://www.boustead-consulting.co.uk/publicat.htm
Model 3 database http://www.ecoinvent.ch/ EcoInvent, Switzerland
Tools, Databases & Methodology at http://www.evah.com.au/tools.html
US LCI Database http://www.fal.com/index.html Eastern Research Group
http://www2.ecospecifier.org/services_offered/greentag_certification
roduct Category Rules http://www.globalgreentag.com/greentag
Watson P. (2004) LCI Database for Australian Commercial Building Material: 15, Sustainable Built Assets, CRC for Construction Innovation
Jones D.G et al. (2009) Chapter 3: Material Environmental LCA in Newton P et al., (eds) Design & Process Innovation in the Built Environment, Taylor & Francis, UK
) Market Research, http://www.ibisworld.com.au/ IBISWorld Australia
International Energy Agency (2014) Energy Statistics http://www.iea.org/countries/membercountries/ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management Systems Requirements ISO 14001:2004 Environmental management systems: Requirements with guidance for useISO 14004:2004 EMS: General guidelines on principles, systems & support techniquesISO 14015:2001 EMS: Environmental assessment of sites & organizations (EASO)
Environmental labels & declarations — General principles ISO 14024:2009 Environmental labels & declarations -- Type I Principles & procedures
2006 Environmental labelling & declarations Type III EPDs Principles & ISO 14031:1999 EM: Environmental performance evaluation: Guidelines ISO 14040:2006 EM: Life cycle assessment (LCA): Principles & framework
M: LCA: Requirement & guideline for data review: LCI; LCIA, Interpretation results2006 EM: Greenhouse Gases: Organisation & Project reporting, Validation & verification
Sustainability in building construction General principles Buildings & constructed assets Service life planning Part 1: General principlesBuildings & constructed assets Service life (SL) planning Part 2: prediction Buildings & constructed assets SL planning Part 8: Reference & estimationSustainability in building construction Sustainability indicators Part 1: Framework
Building construction: Sustainability, Environmental declaration of building productsSustainability in building construction: Framework for assessment,
ISO 21932:2013 Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works -- A review of terminology
http://www.plasticseurope.org/plastics-sustainability/eco
The Netherlands http://www.pre-sustainability.com/simapro
WP/12/115 China’s Impact on World Commodity Markets http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp12115.pdf International Monetary Fund
) Persistent Organic Pollutants http://www.chem.unep.ch/pops/ The UN
nventory Database https://www.lcacommons.gov/nrel/search
U.S. Geological Survey National Minerals http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/
) Database of Sources of Environmental Releases of Dioxin like Compounds in U.S http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=20797 p 1-38, 6-9, USA
CertTM EPD Program
Compliant to ISO 14025
Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®
Page 10 of 10
ANZECC) Guidelines For Fresh & Marine Water Quality (2000) strategy
Basel Convention (2011) Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste & Disposal e.pdf
consulting.co.uk/publicat.htm USA & UK
coInvent, Switzerland
http://www.evah.com.au/tools.html
Eastern Research Group US
offered/greentag_certification
http://www.globalgreentag.com/greentag-epd-program
Commercial Building Material:
Jones D.G et al. (2009) Chapter 3: Material Environmental LCA in Newton P et al., (eds) Technology,
IBISWorld Australia
http://www.iea.org/countries/membercountries/
stems: Requirements with guidance for use ISO 14004:2004 EMS: General guidelines on principles, systems & support techniques
Type I Principles & procedures & procedures
Interpretation results Validation & verification
Part 1: General principles Part 2: prediction
& estimation Sustainability in building construction Sustainability indicators Part 1: Framework
Building construction: Sustainability, Environmental declaration of building products assessment, Part 1:
A review of terminology
sustainability/eco-profiles.aspx
sustainability.com/simapro-manuals
China’s Impact on World Commodity Markets International Monetary Fund
The UN
https://www.lcacommons.gov/nrel/search, USA
/country/ USA
) Database of Sources of Environmental Releases of Dioxin like Compounds in U.S