Environmental Management of Electronic Waste - Zhongbing

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Environmental Management of

Electronic Waste

ZhongbingState Environmental Protection Administration Solid

Waste Management Department, BeijingDec 4th, 2006

Tel:010－66556256;Fax:010－66556252



Content Framework

Nature of Pollution from Waste Products

Principles Guiding Environmental Management of the ProductsSystem Guiding Environmental Management of the Products

Current Status of Environmental Management of Electronic Waste in

China

Current Status of Recycling Electronic Waste in China

Current Status of the Utilisation of Electronic Waste in China

Thoughts on the Implementation of the Manufacturer’s

Responsibility Extension SystemThoughts on Environmental Management of the

Decomposition, Utilization and Disposal Agencies



Nature of Pollution from Waste Products

•With ever-increasing waste products generated in the consumption field,

some of the products contain substances toxic and harmful to theenvironment and the human body to different degrees, leading to

increasingly serious environmental problems and social problems. If the

electronic products do not contain heavy metals such as mercury and plumb

and the plastics do not contain substances that are harmful to the

environment such as bromine containing flame retardant, etc, the hazards

caused by these waste products to the environment and health of the human

beings can almost be minimised.

• Therefore, pollution generated by these waste products is pollution

caused by chemical substances contained in the products in nature.



Principles Governing Environmental

Management of the Products

•One. Quantity Reduction

•1. Reduce the hazard of waste products: the most important thing to do is

to strengthen environment management of the chemical substances in the

products and reduce or even prohibit the use of toxic and harmful

substances during the production of the products as far as possible.

• 2. Reduce the quantity of waste generated through such means as

improving the durability of the products and developing the market for

second hand products, etc.

•Two. Resource and Harmlessness

•Strengthen recovery, harmless recycling and treatment of the waste

products



System Guiding Environmental Management

of the Products

•One. Manufacturer’s responsibility extension system: implement

appropriate manufacturer’s responsibility extension system whereby the

manufacturer shall assume certain responsibilities for environmental

management of the waste products, which will encourage the

manufacturer to design products more beneficial to environmentalprotection through such means as reducing the consumption of raw

materials, reducing the user of hazardous materials and adopting materials

and designs more beneficial to recycling.

•Two. System restricting the use of toxic and hazardous substances in the

products.



Current status of environmental

management of electronic waste in China

One. A consensus has been reached to implement the manufacturer’s

responsibility extension system. However, relevant theoretical studyis weak and practical experience is inadequate; it is a very difficult

task to explore and implement manufacturer’s responsibility

extension system appropriate for the present conditions of China



Thinking on Implementation of the

Manufacturer’s Responsibility ExtensionSystem•Case One: Green Box Environmental Protection Program

•On Dec 16th, 2005, China Mobile, Motorola and Nokia jointly

initiated the ‘Green Box Environmental Protection Program’ to

launch a nation-wide campaign to recycle waste mobile phones and

accessories; during the first phase of the campaign, nearly 30,000waste mobile phones and accessories in total were recycled. On April

18th, 2006, six mobile phone manufacturing enterprises--Bird, LG

Mobile Phone, Lenovo, NEC, Panasonic and Amoi announced to join

the program.

•The program is a beneficial attempt of the manufacturers to explore

the mechanism for recycling waste products.



Thinking on Implementation of the

Manufacturer’s Responsibility ExtensionSystem•Case Two. Management of Lead Acid Battery of Electric Vehicle in Beijing

•Notice of Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau on Registration and

Catalog Management of Lead Acid Battery Products of Electric Bicycles

2006: register and implement catalog management of lead acid battery

products of electric bicycles sold and used in Beijing.

• Registration conditions include: the manufacturing enterprise promises

that the sales outlets will provide replacement and recovery services of lead

acid storage batteries, have complete collection proposals and deliver them to

qualified agencies for treatment; the recovery rate of waste lead acid storagebattery shall not be less than 50% in 2006, 70% in 2007 and 85% in 2008;

report sales volume and recovery volume to Beijing Environmental

Protection Bureau at an interval of every 6 months.



Current status of environmental

management of electronic waste in China

•Two. A good beginning of restriction on user of toxic and hazardous

substances in the products.

•In Jan, 2006, the Ministry of Information Industry, together with

other departments including State Environmental Protection

Administration, issued No.39 Ministerial Order Regulations

Regarding Control and Management of Pollution from Electronic and

Information Products

•Ministry of Information Industry, after consulting relevant

departments including State Environmental Protection

Administration, issued the following industry standards:

Requirements for Limit of Toxic and Hazardous Substances inElectronic and Information Products(SJ/T 11363-2006),



Current status of environmental management of

electronic waste in China

While orderless recovery results no significant improvements in the

situation where the wastes are recovered in an orderless and

dispersed manner and used in a backward manner, certain

enterprises capable of utilising the electronic wastes in a manner

that is not harmful to the environment have emerged. In addition,relevant enterprises for nations such as Germany and Belgium, etc,

are applying to collect electronic wastes in China and export them

after appropriate treatment.



•Generally, waste electronic products enter the circulation field again

via the ‘small vendors’ after they are abandoned, reused after being

retrofitted or disassembled for use instead of being abandoned and

collected like domestic waste.

• To implement the manufacturer’s responsibility extension systembased on current conditions of China, much more attention shall be

paid to establish standardised recovery systems through participation

and responsibility sharing of the manufacturers to make sure that the

waste electronic and electrical products recovered can flow in an

orderly manner to enterprises capable of reusing or disposing of them

in such a manner that is not harmful to the environment.

Thinking on Implementation of the Manufacturer’s Responsibility Extension System



Thinking on the Implementation of the Manufacturer’s

Responsibility Extension System

•Two. Focus on encouraging the enterprises to produce

environment-friendly products

•Comparison of methods by which the manufacturers assume

liabilities:

•Joint liability: have limited effect on encouraging environment-

friendly design of the products.

•Sole liability: have strong effect on encouraging environment-

friendly design of the products.



Thinking on restriction on use of toxic and hazardous

substances

The key is that there shall be an adequate mechanism to

encourage technical advancements.

1. Implement mandatory environmental protection

policies and request relevant products that fail to meet

related environmental protection policies to beeliminated within a specified time.

2. Incentive mechanism: for instance, governmental

procurement; appropriate manufacturer’s responsibilityextension system.



Thinking on environmental management of disassembling,

utilising and disposing agencies

The State Environmental Protection Administration is drafting

regulations concerning environmental management of electronic

wastes with emphasis laid on regulating waste electrical product

disassembling, utilising and disposing behaviors to prevent and

control environmental pollution in accordance with provision of

Article 37 of the Law on Prevention and Control of Environmental

Pollution of Solid Wastes: waste electrical products , vehicles and

ships shall be disassembled, utilised and disposed of in accordance

with requirements of relevant laws and regulations.



Thinking on environmental management of disassembling,

utilising and disposing agencies.

•One. Environmental impact evaluation and ‘3 simultaneous’

acceptance system; discharge of wastes to the standard; harmless

treatment of solid waste or liquid waste.

•Two. Daily environmental monitoring and recording system.

•Three. Notebook system of operation status•Four. Personnel training system

•Five. Supervisory spot check and penalty system: failure to

operate normally of the regulation facilities leads to discharge of the wastes in violation of the standards; illegal transfer, storing and

dumping of solid wastes or liquid wastes; fraudulent acts in

monitoring and operation records will result in severe penalty.



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Environmental Management of Electronic Waste - Zhongbing