ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT & CLIMATE CHANGE DIVISION

MANAGER AIR QUALITY:JACOB LEGADIMA

AIR QUALITY BENEFIT ON THE ROLLOUT OF METHANOL FUEL TO

REDUCE THE USE OF PARAFFIN,COAL AND WOOD FOR COOKING AND SPACE

HEATING

OVERVIEW OF THE PRESENTATION • INTRODUCTION • KEY STRATEGY FOR EMM (GDS 2055) • COMPONENTS GOVERNING DEPT ALIGNMENT • GDS PILLARS TO ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE DEPT • VALUE PROPOSITION OF AIR QUALITY DIVISION • TYPES OF ENERGY SOURCES USED IN INFORMAL

SETTLEMENTS • EMISSION STATUS WITHIN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS • GENERAL CHALLENGES POSED BY CURRENT ENERGY

SOURCES USED • CLEAN TECHNOLOGY TO IMPLEMENT

OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT CONTINUES

• CLEAN COOKING TECHNOLOGY AND EFFICIENCY CAPACITY

• EMISSIONS COMPARISONS FROM METHANOL, COAL AND WOOD AND CARBON DISPLACEMENT

• STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

• BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

• OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED WITHIN EMM

• CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION

EKURHULENI METRO IS AN INDUSTRIAL HUB OF AFRICA AND PART OF HIGHVELD PRIORITY AREA AND ITS WINTER IS CHARACTERISED BY HEAVY SMOKE EMISSIONS AT GROUND LEVELS FROM INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS AND TOWNSHIPS

KEY STRATEGY FOR EMM

DESTINY FOR INVESTORS SOCIAL TRANSFORM HUMAN CAPITAL

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY 2055

Keep and maximise business/industries

Respond to the needs of our customers

Enhance skills development through

partnerships Maximise opportunities

Reduce Poverty

within communities Enhance healthy life

style

COMPONENTS GOVERNING DEPARTMENTAL ALIGNMENT TO GDS 2055

Legislation

• Implementation of legislations to align to GDS 2055

• Policies, By laws to support GDS 2055

• Alignment to National Outcomes and Indicators

IDPs

• Community Consultation

• Translation of community needs into programmes

SDBIPs

• Budget to align to SDBIP Activities and Indicators

• Measurable Direct Outcomes to be achieved

VALUE PROPOSITON FOR AIR QUALITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE DIVISION -

(AIR QUALITY FOR LIFE)

LIFE

AIR

WATER FOOD

SOURCES AND TYPES OF ENERGY USED IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS

Coal stove with 0,002m3 Capacity - Coal Yard

SOURCES AND TYPES OF ENERGY USED IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS

Paraffin Heater of 2L Capacity – Primus stove of 1,2 L Capacity

SOURCES AND TYPES OF ENERGY USED IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS

Use of Mbawulas

c

PARTICULATE MATTER FROM ETWATWA AIR MONITORING STATION -STD 120 mg/m3-More Exceedences at Etwatwa which may be attributed to Household

coal usage, Agricultural activities etc.

SOME BASIC CALCULATIONS ON AIR QUALITY QUANTIFICATION FROM A COAL STOVE-COMBUSTION MASS BALANCE

Determining SO2 Emission Rate Per Year?

(Combustion process is 90% and

5% Sulphur end in the ash)

Sin = Sash + SO2

= 0,05 g/s X 0.030 x 86400 s/day x 365 days/year

= 47,304 kg/year

SO2 = Sin – Sash

= 47,304 kg/year – (0.05) X (47,304 )

= 44,94 kg/year

SO2 Emitted = 64 kg/mol/32 kg x ( 47,304 kg/year)

= 94,608 kg/year per 1 Informal House

Methods Analysis

Burning Rate 0.05 g/s

Coal Sulphur Content

3-5%

GENERAL CHALLENGES POSED BY THE SOURCES OF ENERGY USED

• COAL PRODUCE QUANTITY OF ASH

• FUMES FROM PARAFFIN

• EMISSIONS SUCH AS PARTICULATES,OXIDES OF SULPHUR, NITROGEN AND CARBON MONOXIDE

• DEFORESTATION OF TREES DUE TO WOOD

• DENSE SMOKE EMISSIONS FROM COAL

• AGGRAVATION OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES

• FIRE RISKS IF NOT MANAGED OR SUPERVISED

WHERE DO WE WANT TO MOVE TO

Using Dirty Fuel/Energy • Accessible

• A bit cheaper

• Have more emissions

Clean Green Fuel/Energy • On average it is accessible

• Expensive for now

• Require innovative technology

CLEAN COOKING DOUBLE PLATE STOVE-METHANOL CLEAN ENERGY

CLEAN COOKING SINGLE PLATE METHANOL STOVE

SINGLE PLATE STOVE

20 2012-10-31

Technical Data

Brand Dometic heatpal

Energy source Methanol/Alcohol

Number of hobs 1

Weight (kg) 2.5

Fuel capacity (l) 1.2

Burning time (max. power) (h) 5

CANISTER/BURNER

CLEAN COOKING STOVE EFFICIENY AND CAPACITY

CLEAN COOKING STOVE EFFICIENCY FACTORS

Fuel capacity Power on high 1.2 litres Single Plate and Double Plate 2.4 litres in total 1.5 kW power

Power on low Cooking 0.3 kW. Turn down ratio: 1/5

Cooking time 5 hours on high, up to 9-10 hours on low

Average cooking capacity 1,2 litres of fuel per day will provide cooking for a family of five

Efficiency Greater than 60%

Emissions Water Vapor, Negligible Soot or carbon monoxide

COMPARISON OF EMISSIONS PER TYPE OF FUEL/ENERGY

COAL WOOD PARAFFIN METHANOL/ETHANOL

PARTICULATES PARTICULATES VOLATILES CARBON EMISSIONS

OXIDES OF SULPHUR and nitrogen

FLY ASH NO WATER VAPOR

CARBON BLACK/ASH CARBON EMISSIONS AEROSOLS CO NEGLIGIBLE

CARBON MONOXIDES

OXIDES OF SULPHUR

CO

HEAVY METALS (Pb, Hg)

HYDROCARBONS

HEAVY CARBON EMISSIONS

AROMATICS

POTENTIAL CARBON DISPLACEMENT/YEAR AND CREDITS ESTIMATION OF USING CLEAN COOK STOVE

TYPE OF FUEL CO2 DISPLACED/YEAR 5 CREDITS PER TON WITHIN A YEAR IN DOLLARS

WOOD 6,8 TONS 34 DOLLARS

PARAFFIN/KEROSENE 0,94 TONS 4,3 DOLLARS

CHARCOAL 9,04 TONS 4.7 DOLLARS

CLEAN COOK STOVE ... ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY

STAKE HOLDER ENGAGEMENT

• DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY-Register/Approve project and provide initial funding to the Service Provider

• LED AND ENV DEPARTMENTS-LED will coordinate Cooperatives and Env will monitor impact of the project

• SERVICE PROVIDER-To ensure availability of stoves at a reasonable price

• SASOL AS PARASTATAL-Production of Methanol and buying Carbon Credits for sustainability

• COOPERATIVES-Involved in the distribution and Education on the use, safety of stoves

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION • SERVICE PROVIDER WILL GET THE STOVES • 5-10 COORPERATIVES WILL BE TRAINED TO SELL THE

STOVES AND EDUCATE COMMUNITIES ON ITS SAFETY,WHILE PAID STIPEND AND LED WILL COORDINATE AND MONITOR PROGRESS

• ENVIRONMENT/AIR QUALITY WILL CONDUCT PASSIVE SAMPLING BEFORE,DURING AND AFTER IMPLEMENTATION

• SASOL WILL BUY CARBON CREDITS FOR MORE STOVES,SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF METHANOL,ESTABLISHMENT OF LOCAL METHANOL DEPOTS AND FOR PROJECT TO EXPAND

BENEFITS OF THE PROJECT

• JOB CREATION THROUGH COOPERATIVES

• IMPROVEMENT OF AIR QUALITY

• CARBON REDUCTION

• REDUCE HEALTH RISKS

• REDUCE SMOKE EMISSIONS THAT AFFECT VISIBILITY

• REDUCE THE RISK OF PARAFFIN SPILLAGES THAT WOULD BURN THE HOUSE

• CLEAN COOKING STOVE COOKS AND PRODUCE RADIANT HEAT FOR SPACE HEATING

SOME OTHER ENERGY SAVING METHODS EMM IMPLEMENTED

• FLARRING OF METHANE GAS FROM 5 LANDFIL SITES,IN PROCESS OF SELLING CARBON CREDITS AND ENERGY GENERATION OUT OF THE METHANE GAS

• SYNCHRONIZATION OF ROBOTS IN 6 BUSY TOWNS • RETROFITING OF ENERGY SAVING LIGHT IN 5 COUNCIL

BUILDINGS • O.R TAMBO GREEN BUILDING THAT WAS CONSTRUCTED IN

AN ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY WAY • GREENING OF OLD PARKS AND NEW PARKS • SOLAR HEATERS IN ALL HOSTELS AND SOME OLD AGE

HOMES • IN THE PROCESS OF ROLLING OUT BRT • DIGITILIZATION AND ARETROPOLIS OF EMM AS A CITY IN

PROGRESS

FLAGSHIP PROJECTS 2012/13-O.R TAMBO PROJECT

NAME OF THE

PROJECT BRIEF DESCRIPTION

OR Tambo/ Leeupan project

The OR Tambo/Leeupan project is a Multiyear project that covers a wide scope of work including

environmental education facility, regional park and wetlands rehabilitation. Environmentally friendly

construction methods are being used and the completed project will be a pioneer in Ekurhuleni.

Phase 1: which is now finalised included the development of:

an amphitheatre

narrative centre (museum)

multi-purpose arts and crafts centre

environment education centre

caretaker's cottage Phase 2: 2012/13 • Upgrade of the Tamboville Cemetery • Start using Environmental Education Centre Phase 3: 2013/14 Environmental and Recreational Park. The Park will include; - • Conservation Zones • Urban Agriculture areas • Formal Gardens • Picnic and Braai areas • Bird hides • Nature trails • Sports fields • Walkways • Piers

2012/10/31 29

1

EMM CITY DIGITILIZATION

CONCLUSION

• AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT NEED TO BE INTEGRATED INTO MUNICIPAL SERVICES

• WE NEED TO FIND WAYS AND MECHANISMS TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT WHILE WORKING HARD TO REDUCE EMISSIONS.

THANK YOU

WITH COMPLIMENTS FROM AIR QUALITY TEAM

TEL: (011) 999 2971