Upload
brianna-gibson
View
214
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Environment & Diversity
Planning Ahead
What is the environment of the organization? What is a customer-driven organization? What is the quality commitment in operations? Why is organizational culture important? What are current directions in organizational
cultures?
External Environments of OrganizationsWhat is Competitive Advantage?
Utilization of a core competency that clearly sets an organization apart from its competitors and gives it an advantage over them in the marketplace
Companies may achieve it in many ways including
products pricing customer service cost efficiency quality
External Environments of OrganizationsThe General Environment - all of the
background conditions of the organization including: Economic Social-cultural Legal-political Technological Natural environment
External Environments of OrganizationsThe Specific (Task) Environment - actual
organizations, groups, persons with whom an organization must interact in order to survive and prosper stakeholders
customers suppliers competitors regulators
Typical Stakeholders
Stockholders
Employees
LabourUnions
Customers
Suppliers
Politicalparties Courts
Public InterestGroups
Banks
EducationalInstitutions
Competitors
Business
Government
External Environments of OrganizationsEnvironmental Uncertainty
lack of complete information regarding what developments will occur in the external environment
two dimensions• complexity• rate of change
Customer-Driven Organizations
Why Do Customers Count? Important source of competitive advantage
Customer-Driven Organizations
External and Internal Customers External
purchase the goods or services produced Internal
individuals who depend on the results of others' work to do their own jobs
Internal Customer/Client Service Points
Customer-Driven Organizations
Who Are the Customers?
Resource Inputs
Suppliers Job Job Job Job
Product outputs
Customers
Transformation Processes & Workflows
External Customer/Client Service Points
Customer-Driven Organizations
Customers and Operations Management Operations
activities and decisions through which organizations transform resource inputs into product outputs
• product output can be goods or services
Transformation process actual set of operations used to produce finished
goods or services
Commitment to Quality Operations
Total Quality Management quality principles as an integral part of
organization's strategic objectives applying them to all aspects of operations committing to continuous improvement striving to meet customers’ needs correctly the first
time
Commitment to Quality Operations
Quality and Continuous Improvement Continuous
Improvement Always looking for
new ways to improve upon current performance
Commitment to Quality Operations
Quality Circles group of workers who meet regularly to discuss
ways of improving quality of products or services
assume responsibility for quality can result in cost savings from improved quality
and increased customer satisfaction
Commitment to Quality Operations
Cycle time elapsed time between
receipt of an order and delivery of the finished product
objective is to reduce the amount of time and costs
Commitment to Quality Operations
Quality and Operations Management Lean production
uses new technologies to streamline systems Flexible manufacturing
processes can be changed quickly to produce different products
Agile manufacturing/Mass customization allow individualized products quickly
Commitment to Quality Operations
Quality and Operations Management Design for
Manufacturing products designed by
taking into account how components will be recycled
The Nature of Organizational Culture
Organizational Culture is a system of shared beliefs and values that develop within an organization and guide the behavior of its members
Thinking and Inquiry
Two business women, former classmates in university, are discussing their careers over lunch. You overhear one saying to another, “I work for a large corporation, while you own a small retail business. In my company there is a strong corporate culture and everyone feels the influence. In fact, we are always expected to act in ways that support the culture and serve as role models for others to do so as well. This includes commitment to diversity and multiculturalism. Because of the small size of your business, things like corporate culture, diversity, and multiculturalism are not so important.”
Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Why?
The Nature of Organizational Culture
What Strong Cultures Can Do Strong cultures are
clear, well defined widely shared among members
• encourage positive work behaviors• performance oriented• emphasize teamwork
The Nature of Organizational Culture
Levels of Organizational Culture Observable culture
Stories• Told and retold among members
Heroes• Singling out workers for special attention; role models
Rites and rituals• Ceremonies and meetings
Symbols• Special use of language or non-verbal expressions
The Nature of Organizational Culture
Leadership and Organizational Culture Criteria of core values
relevance pervasiveness strength
Tribal Leadership – TED Talks
The Nature of Organizational Culture
Symbolic Managers someone who uses symbols well to establish
and maintain desired organizational culture use language metaphors tell key stories and encourage others to tell them tell about organizational heroes use symbolic rites and rituals
Directions in Organizational Culture
Culture and Empowerment best organizational cultures value
talents and creative potential of all members allow human resources to to utilized to fullest
potential allow people involved to feel good about work
Directions in Organizational Culture
Characteristics of Multi-cultural Organizations pluralism structural integration informal network integration absence of prejudice and discrimination minimum intergroup conflict
Exercise - Lenovo
Directions in Organizational Culture
Organizational Subcultures cultures based on shared work responsibilities
and personal characteristics occupational functional ethnic and racial generational gender
Group Exercise – What Do You Value in Work
Directions in Organizational Culture
Ethical Cultures top management has important role managers at every level set ethical tone in their
immediate area greatly expand impact of organizational culture
on performance
Summative Assignment #1
Using the Internet, prepare responses to the following questions:1. What is the “glass ceiling”?2. How does the “glass ceiling” act to disadvantage certain groups of
people?3. Read the article found at
http://www.canadianbusiness.com/article/42679--women-made-little-progress-in-corporate-ladder-over-last-22-years-report
What does the article suggest in terms of disadvantaged groups? Are you surprised by these findings?
If you were given the responsibility to hire your next manager, list the personal qualifications you would look for in the ideal candidate