Enterprise Architecture Frameworks

Enterprise Strategic Architectures :TOGAF and Zachman

Contents

• What is EA ?• What are it’s layers ?Enterprise Architecture

• Speedier decision making• Reduction in time-to-market• Reduction in costs

EA Business Drivers

• TOGAF componentsTOGAF

• Zachman components Zachman

• Makes job easier• Saves timeBenefits to Architects

Enterprise Architecture is a self-improvement business function that examines the structure and behavior of the socio-technical aspects of an 'enterprise' and focuses on opportunities to improve it. It can be thought of as layers (shown in figure below)

What is an Enterprise Architecture (EA)

Business

Data

Application

Technology

Business requirements, Business rules, Organizational structure etc.

Data Architecture, Master Data Management, Data Quality etc.

Service Definition, Custom Application Development, Process Alignment etc.

Database Infrastructure, Hardware, Networks, Security, Storage etc.

Enterprise Architecture EA Business Drivers TOGAF Zachman Benefits to Architects

How does an EA delivers ‘Value’

Speedier Decision Making

Ensuring traceability

and reducing

risk of decisions

Availability of reliable

information

Alignment between IT & Business

Reduction in time-to-market

Less complexity because of standardiza

tion

Improved business

Inter-operability

Improved technology compliance

and risk profile

Reduction in Costs

Lower solution

delivery time because of scalable & integrated

systems

Cheaper procurement due to higher

re-use

Less redundancy in processes & IT systems


TOGAF framework components

Business Requirements

Architecture Development Method (ADM) explains how to get from the Foundation Architecture to an organization specific one

Technical Reference Model (TRM) describes :1. Terminology2. Description of the

components and conceptual structure of an information system

3. Visual representation of the model to aid understanding

Target Architecture

Standards Information Base (SIB) describes:1. list of standards on

information systems2. Proven technology

Supported by most of the industry

Building Blocks Information Base (BBIB) will :1. Extend the range of

information recorded2. Introduce interactive

tools to facilitate the use of information in selecting building blocks.

Resource Base

TOGAF


The Zachman Framework :

• Provides a schema for defining and viewing an enterprise

• Takes into account the target audience and the issue being addressed

• Consists of cells formed by intersection of 6 communication questions and 6 solution perspectives

Zachman Framework Components


Why should Architects adopt these Frameworks


Makes Architect’s job

easier

Giving access to a set of best practices, tools and

processes around typical problems

Technology/vendor agnostic which implies more options

and a smoother learning curve

Has refined checklists for each and every stage thus leading to

better traceability and less complexity

Saves Architect’s

time

Allows architects to focus on architecture and not get

bogged down in re-inventing artifacts and

processes

Incorporates both business and technical needs thus

lessening the need to convince business owners

Can be used with other frameworks making

applications more scalable and reducing development

time for iterative requirements

Appendix

What is an EA Framework

EA Framework is a tool for

• Designing a broad range of architectures

• Assisting evaluation of different architectures

• Selecting and building the right architecture for an organization

Use of EA framework leads to

• Use of common principles, terminology & assumptions

• Development of Information systems with better integration and inter-operability

EA framework consists of

• Best practices and acknowledged wisdom

• Set of services standards, design concepts, components and configurations to describe and design an architecture

TOGAF and Zachman are 2 such architectures

Enterprise Architecture EA Values EA Frameworks TOGAF Zachman

TOGAF Architecture Development Method

Requirements

A. Architecture vision

B. Business Architecture

C. Information System

Architecture

D. Technology Architectures

E. Opportunities

& Solutions

F. Migration Planning

G. Implementation Governance

H. Architecture Change

Management• TOGAF ADM process consists

of phases as described in the figure (A to H)

• Results in• Organization Specific

Framework• More Reusable building

blocks

• Each iteration becomes easier

• Uses SIB, TRM and BBIB

Conceptual description of Zachman Framework

MOTIVATION

(Why)

TIME

(When)

PEOPLE

(Who)

NETWORK

(Where)

FUNCTION

(How)

DATA

(What)

Abstractions

Designer

Builder

Pers

pecti

ves

Objective/

Scope

(Contextual)

Enterprise

Model

(Conceptual)

System

Model

(Logical)

Technology

Model

(Physical)

Detailed

Model (Out of

Context)

Subcontractor

Functioning Enterprise

Owner

Planner

The Zachman Framework consists of :

• Rows which provide the total view of the solution from a particular perspective

• Columns provide focus and capture all of the Enterprise’s knowledge for the particular question being asked

• Set of rules governing relationship between rows and columns

By isolating each focus and defining each perspective within a cell, complete description of the Enterprise from that perspective is formed

TOGAF Business Drivers

• Can be used with other architectural frameworks• TOGAF is free-license for own use• Can be used with existing technology and tools• Reduces cost, increases ease of integration &

development and reduces time-to-market

Vendor, tool and technology independent

• Comprehensive process from business requirements to IT infrastructure

• Can be modified as per organizational needs and existing structures

• Can be used across the organization

Generic, customizable framework

• Has repository of best practices that can be readily adopted

• Refined checklists at each stage for error free implementation

Content framework & knowledge base

THANK YOU

Documents

Enterprise Architecture Frameworks