Enhancing Community Centred Governance in Climate Change ... · Enhancing Community Centred Governance in Climate Change affected coastal areas Authors: Mr. R. Suresh [email protected]

Enhancing Community Centred Governance in

Climate Change affected coastal areas

Authors: Mr. R. Suresh [email protected] Ms. Prarthana Rao [email protected] Mr. Pavan Srinath [email protected] Mr. J. Jangal [email protected]

Climate Change as if people mattered!

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mailto:[email protected]




INTRODUCTION

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UNU-WIDER Conference on Climate Change and Development Policy Helsinki, Finland, 28-29 September 2012

FOCUS

- To develop an instrument which facilitates citizen participation to protect their livelihoods from climate change and other threats.

- Develop mechanisms whereby communities can meaningfully engage with governance structures and sustainably participate in local environmental & livelihood management

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CCSC

Environment & Climate

Change

Governance Livelihood

ENHANCING CITIZEN VOICES IN ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE PILOT EXERCISE IN GULF OF MANNAR, INDIA

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Climate change score card is a knowledge product that connects people’s experience with scientific evidence to promote meaningful engagement with governance processes and their managers

Climate Change – As if People Mattered!

Climate Change Livelihoods Governance

Participatory Rural Appraisal

- Livelihood Matrix - Climate change Matrix - Governance Matrix

Review of Policies and regulations

Climate Change Score Card (CCSC)

Policy Discussions at the District Level

Policy Discussions at the State/ National Level

Policy Reform

ISSUES

METHODOLOGY

OUTPUT

OUTCOME

COM

MU

NIT

Y LE

VEL

POLI

CY L

EVEL

PROJECT AREA AT A GLANCE 2 Districts – Ramanathapuram & Tuticorin 117 Villages – 15 villages chosen by Stratified Random Sampling technique Main livelihoods – Fishing, Palmyrah Tapping

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CLIMATE CHANGE SCORE CARD

• Climate Change Score Card is an adaptation of the popular tool “Community Score Card”

• To create platforms for dialogue between communities and governments

• Inputs: Scoping exercises, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercises, climate data analyses, study of local livelihood governance

• Scoring: by communities based on indicators • Interface Meeting: bringing together all

stakeholders at the district level • Policy Discourse : at provincial and state levels Knowledge Creation | Empowerment | Constructive Engagement

PEER LEARNING

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SAMPLE COVERAGE

• Two Districts – Ramanathapuram and Thoothukudi • 15 out of 117 villages selected based on stratified

random sampling • 750 members from the communities across the

villages participated in the PRA activities • 55 villagers attended the district level meetings • 15 Government officials from 5 line departments

attended the unconferences • 425 participants in the scorecard exercise; 25

villagers representing different sections of the society per village

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In parallel….. • Regulations analysis ▫ A research study by Centre for Development Finance,

Chennai, on key regulations and policies that have implications on coastal ecosystems and human systems and consequently on livelihoods of coastal communities in the Gulf of Mannar region

• Climate data analysis ▫ looked at the patterns of rainfall and temperature for the

region. • Mapping of activities on the coast that have an environmental

implication using GPS • Sensitisation of public service providers (Government agencies,

Banks, Research institutes etc) and other stakeholders through workshops

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CLIMATE CHANGE IN GULF OF MANNAR

• Rapidly rising temperatures

• High uncertainty in seasons, in predictability of weather.

•Only rare livelihoods like palmyrah are resilient.

An interesting finding is that the number of rainy days during the palmyrah season (Mar-Sep) is reducing steadily in the region. The number is going down by roughly 0.9 rainy days per decade (99% confidence level).

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Social Map; Resource Map; Livelihood matrix; Seasonality diagram; Climate Change Matrix; Venn diagram; Problem Tree

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OUTPUTS OF PRAs 1960-70 1970-80 1980-1990 2004-2009 2019

Fish catch 500 kgs 500 kgs 300 kgs fish 50kgs of prawns

•100 kgs •30kgs prawns

•20kgs of fish •No prawns

No. of fishers 550 550 400 350 Children will look for alternatives

Beach land 50mts 35 mts 15mts 5 mts - 15mts Problems in Fishing

Only natural disturbances

Middlemen, Conflict between trawlers and artisnal fishers

Forest department, conflicts, Cross Border Problem

Forest dept., Cross Border Problem, Coast guards problems, Sedu canal project, CMZ etc

The fishers will be displaced.

Findings from PRA conducted by PAD in Kadaladi Block, Ramanathapuram

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REGULATIONS AND POLICY… • A range of socio-ecological issues are

complexly intertwined in the Gulf of Mannar biosphere reserve.

• Efforts to secure the biodiversity of the area are mounting

• Fishermen view the sea and its resources as a means and right to life and livelihood

• The state views the resource and the biodiversity as an entity for protection.

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FISHERIES SCORE CARD

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Sl. No Indicator Aspects Aggregated Score

1 Design and Implementation of Schemes

1.1 Welfare Schemes Awareness 6

Process 4

Benefits 4

1.2 Relief Schemes Awareness 5

Process 3

Benefits 3

1.3 Training and Capacity Development Awareness 1

Process 1

Benefits 2

1.4 Technical and Technological Support Awareness 7

Process 3

Benefits 4 2 Responsiveness of the agency 2

3 Grievance Redressal 2

4 Promotion of Alternate livelihoods 0

5 Uncertainty & Bad year Preparedness 2

Total Score (out of 100) 49 UNU-WIDER Conference on Climate Change and Development Policy

Helsinki, Finland, 28-29 September 2012

PALMYRAH SCORE CARD 15

Sl. No Indicator Aspects Aggregated Score

1 Design and Implementation of Schemes 1.1 Welfare Schemes Awareness 2

Process 2

Benefits 3

1.2 Relief Schemes Awareness 2

Process 0

Benefits 3 1.3 Training and Capacity Development Awareness 1

Process 1

Benefits 0

1.4 Technical and Technological Support Awareness 5

Process 1

Benefits 3

2 Responsiveness of the agency 1

3 Grievance Redressal 0

4 Promotion of Alternate livelihoods 1

5 Uncertainty & Bad year Preparedness 1

Total Score (out of 100) 27


SCORING BY COMMUNITIES…..

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PREPARING BOTH SIDES TO DIALOGUE….. • Sensitisation workshops at District level • Informal meetings to update the status of

project work • Media outreach • PRA exercises • Monthly meetings of PAD team with the

community members, federation reps. etc

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Thasildar & Assistant Director, Fisheries

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Forest Department Representative

Fish worker Union Representative UNU-WIDER Conference on Climate Change and Development Policy

Helsinki, Finland, 28-29 September 2012

IT IS NOT THE NUMBERS…… BUT THE PROCESS

• Creates spaces for dialogue • Knowledge generated empowers people to

demand for better governance • Helps understand both sides of the coin… • Brings various stakeholders together for a

common cause • Sharing of responsibilities and knowledge

for larger good • Demystifies science and relates it to

common wisdom

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WAY FORWARD

• Continue such interactions at regular intervals

• Create a collective of these representatives to take the issues at appropriate levels of governance for policy dialogue

• Renew scientific knowledge base regularly • Replicate the exercise in other villages to

build such knowledge and dialogue platforms

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THANK YOU

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www.pacindia.org [email protected]


http://www.pacindia.org/


Documents

Enhancing Community Centred Governance in Climate Change ... · Enhancing Community Centred Governance in Climate Change affected coastal areas Authors: Mr. R. Suresh [email protected]