Enhancing chickpea production in Rainfed Rice Fallow Lands

[Type the document subtitle]

Enhancing chickpea production in Rainfed Rice Fallow Lands (RRFL) of Chhattisgarh (CG) and Madhya Pradesh (MP) states of India following Improved Pulse Production and Protection Technologies (IPPPT)

ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT

2011-12

NFSM-Progress Report No: 5

(Restricted Circulation)

Enhancing chickpea production in Rainfed Rice Fallow Lands (RRFL) of Chhattisgarh (CG) and Madhya Pradesh (MP) states of India following Improved Pulse Production and Protection Technologies (IPPPT)

Submitted by: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya (IGKV), Raipur, CG; and Jawharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), Jabalpur, MP, a collaborative work on “Enhancing chickpea production in rainfed rice fallow lands (RRFL) of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh states of India following Improved Pulse Production and Protection Technologies (IPPPT)”.

Annual Progress Report

2011 –2012

ii

27 July 2012

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Collaborating Scientists

ICRISAT Patancheru, AP S Pande M Sharma PM Gaur CLL Gowda R Ghosh P Kumar D R Reddy

IGKV Raipur, CG SK Patil RN Sharma RN Ganguli KK Shrivastava MR Chandrakar Shakti Verma Atul Pachauri

JNKVV Jabalpur, MP SK Rao JP Lakhani Anita Babbar Om Gupta SB Agrawal Dhananjay Kathal Saurabh Singh Ashish Patel Mohamad Guffran Usmani

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Contents Page

1. Executive Summary…………………………………………………….… 1

2. Physical report: 2011-12…………………………………………………. 4

3. Introduction…………………………………………………………..…… 5

4. Goal and objectives……………………………………………………..… 5 5. Activity: Physical progress 2011-2012

5.1. Activity: Selection of sites and farmers 6 5.2. Activity: Base line data: opportunities, constraints and solutions: Validation 7 5.3. Soil sampling and analysis 9 5.4. Activity: On-farm: establishment of PVS, IPPPT and VLSS trials 13

5.4.1. Seed distribution 13 5.4.2. Mechanization: Introduction of zero till seed drill 13 5.4.3. Establishment: PVS, IPPPT and VLSS demonstrations 13 5.4.3.1. On farm PVS demonstrations 14 5.4.3.2. On farm IPPPT demonstrations 16 5.4.3.3. On-farmVLSS demonstrations 18 5.4.3.3.1. Seed production and storage from VLLS demonstrations 19 5.4.3.3.2. Seed production and storage from IPPPT 20 5.4.3.3.3. Seed storage from VLSS and IPPPT demonstrations 21 5.4.4. Economics of IPPPT 21 5.4.5. Farmers’ perceptions and expectations 22 5.4.6. Capacity building 22

5.4.7. Lessons learned from IPPPT farmer promotion & adoption of chickpea in RRFL 24 5.5. Activity: Back stop research 25 5.6. Chickpea Area Expansion: 2008-09 to 2011-12 27 5.7. Visuals of on-farm RRFL IPPPT- chickpea, Chhattisgarh 28 5.8. Visuals of on-farm RRFL IPPPT- chickpea, Maadhya Pradesh 30 5.9. Exposer visit of NFSM-farmers and trainers at ICRISAT 32 6. Publications 33 7. Acknowledgements 34 8. Annexures I-V……………………………………………………………… Annexure I. Work plan 2011-2012 CG and MP 35 Annexure II. Soil critical limit 42 Annexure III. List of participatory farmers: PVS CG and MP 2011-12 43 Annexure III. List of participatory farmers: IPPPT demonstration CG and MP 44 Annexure IV. List of participatory farmers: VLSS demonstration CG and MP 57 9. Financial Report: Submitted

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1. Executive Summary: Activities 2011-12 Introduction:

• The overall objective of the project is “Harnessing Improved Pulse Production and Protection Technology (IPPPT) in the Rainfed Rice Fallow Lands (RRFL) of Chhattisgarh (CG) and Madhya Pradesh (MP)”. In this project, chickpea was identified as a candidate pulse. It was further expanded in the collaboration with JNKVV and IGKV in farmer’s field in the RRFL of CG and MP using IPPPT, as per the agreed work plan for 2011-2012.

• The RRFL of CG and MP, suitable for chickpea cultivation after rice, have black soils. These soils are broadly classified as vertic-inceptisols (shallow sandy loam) and deep vertisols (top layer consisting of 33% clay and at least 60 cm depth). Therefore the selection of sites for the project and farmers are restricted to vertisols.

• Rainfed vertic-inceptisols types of shallow soils are not suitable for double cropping with chickpea or any other crop without backup of substantial irrigation.

Base Line Data: Validation • Based on the detailed proforma developed during 2009-10 season in collaboration with

the socio-economist to identify the constraints and opportunities of introducing chickpea in RRFL, base line data were validated by random sampling both IPPPT-practicing and non-IPPPT-practicing farmers of the pilot villages and districts during 2011-12 crop season. Preliminary analysis indicated that RRFL offers ample opportunities for the cultivation of chickpea. However, non-availability of seeds of improved varieties and production technologies, crop protection awareness, assured price and market, and uncertainties of weather and diseases are the major constraints for large-scale cultivation and expansion of chickpea.

Selection of Sites and Farmers • A total of 2496 farmers in 79 villages in four target districts in CG (Raipur, Durg,

Kabirdham and Rajnandgaon) and MP (Jabalpur, Rewa, Damoh and Satna) were selected randomly during the 2011-12 season. Attempts were made to establish on-farm project activities in a cluster by forming groups of farmers in each village in a district.

On-Farm Activities: • To achieve the milestones under each objective, three farmers’ participatory activities:

1) Farmers Participatory Varietal Selection (PVS), 2) Improved Pulse Production and Protection technology (IPPPT) and 3) Village Level Seed System (VLSS) demonstration were conducted in the targeted villages.

• Site specific components of IPPPT such as seeds of improved chickpea cultivars, seed treatment with fungicides (Thiram, Bavistin) and Rhizobium, fertilizer application, line sowing following locally available seed-cum-fertilizer drill and or local adopted methods for chickpea, were used in establishing the trials.

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PVS: The twelve (JG 14, JG 11, ICCC37, JGK 2, JG 322, Vaibhav, JG 74, Vijay, Vishal, JG 16, JG 6 and JG 130) chickpea varieties evaluated in PVS trials in seven farmers fields in RRFL with supplementary irrigation in CG and grain yield ranged from ~0.94 to 1.50 t ha-1. In MP eight chickpea varieties (JG 11, JG 16, JG 14, JG 12, JG 130, JAKI 9218, JG 63, and JG 322) were tested in sixteen PVS trials with supplementary irrigation. Grain yields ranged from 1.16 to 1.45 t ha-1. The chickpea variety Vijay was the highest yielder (1.50 t ha-1) across locations in CG. IPPPT: A total of 2415, IPPPT on-farm demonstrations [CG (1215) and MP (1200)] were successfully conducted and harvested (≥ 99.66%) for seed yield and individual household seed systems. Mean yield of chickpea cultivar Vijay and JAKI 9218 were 1.20 t ha-1 and 1.12 t ha-1 in CG. Among the four improved varieties evaluated in IPPPT in MP; JG 130 gave grain yield of 1.70 t ha-1. The mean grain yield across chickpea varieties and locations was 1.46 t ha-1 in MP. VLSS: A total of 49 VLSS seed multiplication demonstrations were conducted and harvested [CG (19) and MP (30)] and about 42.69 t of seeds of farmers preferred varieties [Vijay (10.90 t), Vishal (10.66 t), Vaibhav (21.13 t), JG 11 (7.10 t) and Vijay (7.20 t)] were obtained. In addition to seeds stored from VLSS, 86.64 tons of seeds of all the improved varieties are stored by farmers in CG from IPPPT demonstrations. In comparison to CG farmers stored a total of 84.59 tons seeds of three improved varieties [JG 63 (24.40 t), JG 16 (18.00 t) and JG 130 (42.19 t)] in MP from IPPPT and 140.81 tons from VLSS. Approximately 354.73 tons of improved varieties chickpea seeds are produced in the pilot villages of CG and MP from both IPPPT and VLSS. Economics: The IPPPT package was highly profitable and cost effective. Percent gain by using IPPPT was up to 42.00 % in CG and 49.14% in MP over local farmer practices. The benefit- cost ratio of chickpea production using IPPPT was approximately 1: 3. Capacity Building: IPPPT orientation training was imparted to 4423 farmers in the target villages (CG = 3449, MP= 974) during the crop season to educate farmers on major production constraints and their management practices.

Backstop Resarch: Management of emerging biotic stresses in chickpea in RRFL: In our quest to minimize the losses caused by dry root rot (Rhizoctonia bataticola) and collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) the emerging diseases of chickpea in the RRFL, we intensified our efforts to understand the biology, epidemiology and to identify the host resistace to these two diseases. Salient findings of the experiments are as follows: i) Soil moisture holding capacity ≥60% coupled with soil temperature 35ºC are the

predisposing factors for dry root rot of chickpea. ii) Fifty isolates of dry root rot pathogen Rhizoctonia bataticola collected from different agro-

climatic zones in India were evaluated for the degree of subdivision in isolates level. The isolates showed variability in pathogenicity test. Genetic characteristics were analyzed based on the sequence of the rDNA-internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The

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phylogenetic tree based on rDNA-ITS analysis showed that the maximum number of R. bataticola isolates were very diverse and did not depend on geographical origin. Both pathological and molecular data correlated each other and supported that the R. bataticola present in India were very diverse and independent to their origin.

iii) Standardization of resistance screening techniques based on sound epidemiological parameters to identify resistance sources for DRR is in progress. One chickpea cultiver (ICCX-0600-F4-P135-BP) found moderately resistant against DRR after preliminary screening.

Chickpea Area Expansion: 2008-09 to 2011-12 During 2011-12 in collaboration with Directorate of pulses Development, Bhopal, partner Universities (JNKVV and IGKV) and NFSM, attempts were made to estimate the chickpea area expanded in each of the target districts of CG and MP during the NFSM-IPPPT project: 2008-09 to 2011-12. Chickpea area expansion was quantified on the set of structured proformas. The salient findings are:

• The percentage of chickpea area in CG after NFSM interventions is 45.06% and 52.73 % in MP.

• A total chickpea area increased from 329.28 ha to 803.03 ha in CG and 728.00 ha to 1520.62 ha in MP.

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2. Physical report: 2011-12

Work plan 2011-12 Remarks Target Achieved

Base line data: • Village profile • Group profile • Individual farmers profile

60 150 2400

79 250 2496

Exceeded Exceeded Exceeded

IPPPT interventions: Selection of sites and farmers [No] Districts • Villages • Farmers i. New ii. Carried forward

60

2400 3841

79

2487 3841

Exceeded Exceeded Completed

IPPPT demonstration [No] 2400 2415 Exceeded PVS demonstration [No] 32 23 Completed VLSS demonstration [No] 28 49 Exceeded Seed production from IPPPT + VLSS 200.00 354.73 t Exceeded Back stop research • Crop establishment (Zero tillage) • Emerging challenges (DRR/CR) • Rice- chickpea cropping system

Evaluation

- -

√ - -

Completed On- going On-going

Capacity building • Farmers orientation [No of farmers] • Hands on training on IDM [No of farmers] • IPM training including storage [No of

farmers] • Kissan mela[No of farmers] • Hands on training of trainers* (TOT)

2500

1000

1000

4 -

4423

1330

1280

4 √

Exceeded Exceeded Exceeded Exceeded Completed

* Include RAs and progressive farmers

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3. Introduction Chickpea can be grown profitably on residual moisture in medium–heavy vertisols (top layer~33% clay and at least 60 cm depth) in RRFL with light irrigation either at crop establishment and/or at flowering. Selection of RRFL with minimum irrigation is in line with central and state government supported initiatives to bring RRFL into double cropping by cultivating chickpea as a profitable second crop. There is a scope for expanding chickpea production in over 500,000 ha with or with out limited irrigation in RRFL in the states of CG and MP. Farmers in the states of CG and MP are interested in cultivating of improved high yielding chickpea varieties with IPPPT. However, minimal irrigation is a prerequisite to recharge RRFL and utilize the residual moisture for chickpea establishment and sustainable production. Therefore the project partners (JNKVV, IGKV and ICRISAT) focused on promoting IPPPT (including high yielding short to medium duration wilt resistant/tolerant chickpea varieties as the major component of IPPPT) in partnership with farmers in the RRFL of CG and MP. The chickpea sowing period and crop establishment in RRFL depends upon the termination of monsoons and harvesting of rainy season rice crop. Normally rains continue up to the end of September and chickpea can be sown in the following three situations.

• Un-irrigated early sown: 3rd week of September to 2nd week of October • Un-irrigated / partially irrigated timely sown: 4 th week of October- 2nd week of

November • Irrigated late sown: Up to 1st week of December

4. Goal and Objectives Goal The goal of this project is “self sufficiency in pulse (Chickpea) production through increased productivity by expanding improved pulse (Chickpea) production and protection technologies, and establishing a village level seed system in the rainfed rice fallow lands in India”. Objectives 1. To enhance capacity at field level for farmer-participatory research and extension (FPRE)

by adoption and expansion of improved chickpea production and protection technologies in rainfed rice fallow lands.

2. To multiply and distribute farmer-preferred chickpea varieties along with IPPPT (including IDM, IPM and INM) for sustainable intensification of RRFL cropping systems.

3. To empower farmers and participating local institutions, on FPRE/IPPPT to establish village-based seed system(s) towards achieving self-sufficiency in seeds of farmer-preferred, improved varieties of chickpea at the village level.

4. To provide research backstopping for further improvement of chickpea varieties for traits and IPPPT components preferred by the farmers and traders in the target area.

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5. Activities and Progress Report: 2011-12 5.1. Selection of Sites and Farmers The procedure for selecting sites and farmers in the targeted districts for the 2011-12 post rainy season was exactly same as in previous seasons. Meetings were held with farmers and participatory rural appraisals (PRA) were conducted in each selected village. Objectives and activities of the on-farm research for development and rapid dissemination of IPPPT components and their timely application were explained to farmers. Perception of chickpea production, profitability, constraints and their affordable remedies were discussed with farmers. It was emphasized that the farmers are integral partners in this project to find solutions for sustainable chickpea production. Finally, farmers’ participation was solicited on a voluntary basis. A total of 1250 farmers from four districts [Raipur, Durg, Rajnandgaon, Kabirdham] in CG and 1246 farmers were selected from four districts [Jabalpur, Rewa, Satna, Damoh] in MP for IPPPT, PVS and VLSS on-farm trials during the 2011-12 post rainy season (Table 1). Table 1: Number of farmers selected to conduct PVS, IPPPT and VLSS trials in CG and MP, in the 2011-12 season. State Farmer No.

PVS IPPPT VLSS Total Chhattisgarh Sown No.1 8 1223 19 1250 Harvested No.2,3 7 1215 19 1241 Success (%) 87.5 99.35 100 99.28 Madhya Pradesh Sown No. 16 1200 30 1246 Harvested No. 16 1200 30 1246 Success (%) 100 100 100 100 Total CG&MP Sown No. 24 2423 49 2496 Harvested No. 23 2415 49 2487 Success (%) 95.83 99.66 100 99.63

1No of sown trials = Number of farmers selected. 2Eight IPPPT trials failed in CG (Raipur) due to rains after sowing. 3One PVS trial failed in CG (Rajnandgaon) due to rains after sowing.

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5.2. Base Line Data: Opportunities, Constraints and Solutions

Following the procedures discussed with the socio-economist, four sets of Proforma: [1). Village profile, 2) Group-Profile, 3) Individual Farmer Profile and 4) Non-Participating Farmers Profile] were developed to collect the base line data during 2009-10 and 2011- 12. The main objective of the base- line data collection was to identify the opportunities, constraints and solutions for introducing and scoping chickpea production and productivity in the target project districts of CG and MP. A consultant is hired to analyse base line data. The draft report on identified opportunities, constraints, and possible solutions for introducing chickpea in RRFL is as follows:

Opportunities • The Government of India is committed to introduce ‘Food Security Act (FSA)’ in the near

future and the success of FSA will depend on augmentation of agricultural production by raising agricultural productivity and/ or cropping intensities of mono-cropped, rainfed and marginal lands apart from other measures.

• Pulses complement cereals in both production and consumption. They also improve soil fertility; require less water in comparison to cereals and controls diseases and pests in rotation with cereals. Besides, pulses are relatively cheaper sources of protein.

• Despite their importance, the per capita availability of pulses has reduced significantly (from about 60 gm/day in 1950-51 to 32.6 gm/day in 2006).

• RRFL offers an enormous scope for pulse production and chickpea, because of its low water rerquirement, is the most suitable second crop.

• The analysis of data reveals that chickpea production in RRFL of MP and CG has opened several new avenues to the farmers in terms of increased farm income and employment

o About 82 % of farmers reported a persistent increase in area of chickpea under rice fallow o Farmers could obtain an average additional income of Rs 9300 ha-1 because of cultivation

of chickpea after rice. o Chickpea introduced through IPPPT generated on an average an additional employment

of about 48-man days ha-1 o About 60 percent farmers perceived positive impact of chickpea cultivation on soil fertility

in terms of increased yield of paddy.

Constraints It is clear from the responses of farmers that a number of biotic, abiotic and socio-economic constraints are imposing serious impediments in production and intensification of chickpea in the states of MP and CG. Some of the important constraints are: Abiotic constraints • Cultivation of long duration rice varieties: About 87 percent of farmers’ perceived

cultivation of long duration rice as one of the limiting factors in timely sowing and profitable

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production of chickpea after rice, as this spares a shorter period for chickpea establishment and pod filling.

• Terminal drought: About one-third of the farmers reported terminal drought as a serious problem.

• Hardiness of soils: Hard vertisol interferes with germination of chickpea by forming a hard crust on the surface causing a poor crop stand.

• Low moisture holding capacity of several location specific soils. • Development of soil cracks facilitates escape of available soil moisture. • Soil salinity: Location specifics problem that needs immediate solutions. • Smaller land holdings discourage individual smallholders from cultivating chickpea.

Biotic constraints • High incidence of pod borer • Occurrences of diseases such as o Dry root rot (ranked first among diseases by nearly 59 percent farmers) o Collar rot o Fusarium wilt

• Stray animals graze in chickpea fields and destroy the standing crops

Socio-economic constraints • Lack of capital/credit to buy improved seeds, tools and implements • Non-availability of short duration chickpea varieties at village and individual farmers level to

plant immediately after the harvest of long duration rice crop • Unavailability of desired chickpea seeds in required quantity as and when needed • Lack of information on:

o Moisture conservation practices o Improved varieties o Cultivation practices o Insect-pest control o Disease control o Demand and pricing

• Inefficient markets and poor seed delivery systems – The majority of sales and purchases

take place in unorganized informal markets, which are unable to safeguard the interests of small and marginal producers who lack sufficient bargaining power due to their generation of low marketable surplus. Private dealers dominate the seed/input market and there is no guarantee of quality and authenticity of the inputs such as of seed, rhizobium and pesticides

• Instability of pulse prices including chickpea • High price of improved seeds

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Solutions: • Increase R&D endeavour to develop short duration cultivars with resistance against dry root

rot, pod borer and terminal drought • Advocate location specific short duration rice – short duration chickpea • Strengthen formal seed markets and value chain to safeguard interests of farmers • Advocate chickpea as a part of the farming system • Develop cost-effective insect pest/ disease management technologies • Provide for dissemination of relevant information on different aspects of crop production and

protection, and soil and water conservation, markets and prices • Develop sufficient regulatory and policy mechanisms to regulate role of private sector in

seed and input marketing and delivery • Provide easy institutional credit • Enhance easy access to seed • Develop a better seed multiplication and distribution system: Private sector, NGOs, SHGs/

Farmers organizations and government organizations can play a vital role in this area. It is imperative that these are encouraged to come forward in this direction and be supportive with adequate financial, technical and other resources. In this context there is need to strengthen the house hold level seed multiplication, processing and storage practices.

5.3. Soil Sampling and Analysis Following the standard procedures, soon after the harvest of rainfed rice crop, 109 soil samples were collected from the targeted farmers/villages/districts of MP and CG. Out of 109 samples, 52 representative soil samples were collected from 4 districts of CG, [Raipur (15), Rajnandgaon (13), Kabirdham (12) and Durg (12)] and 57 soil samples from 4 districts of MP [Jabalpur (15), Damoh (15), Satna (15) and Rewa (12)]. All 109 soil samples were analyzed at the soil analytical laboratory, at ICRISAT. Soil chemical analysis results (Table 2) were compared by the soil critical limits Jackson (1967) guidelines and as followed by ICRISAT (Annexure II ). A critical perusal of soil analysis results suggested that the soils of these districts belong to Vertisols, pH is marginally acidic to normal, salinity as measured by electrical conductivity (ds/m) is normal, organic carbon is medium to high except in district Satna and Rewa, where it is lower than the critical limits. Available phosphorus (P) is low-medium at several locations in CG and MP, and much lower than critical limits in Satna (MP). Available potassium (K) and iron (Fe) are high in the majority of locations. The available sulphur (S), boron (B), and zinc (Zn) are much lower than critical limits of these elements in all locations in CG. Wide spread deficiencies of micronutrients has been found in RRFL of CG and MP. A list of micronutrients deficit villages are given in Table 2. The soil analysis results are summarized as follows:

• RRFL soils are deficient in S, B and Zn. • Soils of majority of farmers are deficient in organic matter

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• There is a need for thorough soil testing of more soil samples from RRFL • There is a need for soil analysis based fertilizer/micronutrient management for

enhancing profitability of chickpea production.

Table 2. Soil chemical analysis of the representative samples collected soon after rice harvest from CG and MP during the 2011-12 season.

S. No.

Sample no.

Village pH EC dS/m

Avail-S

ppm

Avail-B

ppm

Avail-Zn

ppm

Avail-Fe

ppm

Ols-P ppm

Exch-K

ppm

%Org-C

Kwardha (CG)

1 1 Charbhata 7.26 0.19 8.3 0.51 1.02 26.6 9.07 158.8 1.09

2 2 Charbhata 5.9 0.1 6.6 0.32 2.98 30.6 10.88 547.6 1.12

3 3 Charbhata 7.79 0.61 6.6 0.73 0.96 15.28 6.18 185.6 0.96

4 4 Charbhata 7.58 0.18 11.6 0.46 0.88 23.12 6.80 221.7 1.04

5 5 Charbhata 7.65 0.25 24.4 0.67 0.56 12.54 7.47 230.3 0.95

6 6 Charbhata 7.56 0.23 10.5 0.93 0.62 13.72 8.69 289.9 1.17

7 7 Charbhata 7.14 0.17 15.5 0.37 0.54 10.94 3.35 219.6 0.83

8 8 Charbhata 7.77 0.26 17.7 0.90 0.78 17.66 5.63 202.3 1.20

9 9 Charbhata 7.07 0.15 5.5 0.39 1.32 27.2 5.61 293.1 0.87

10 10 Charbhata 7.33 0.11 4.4 0.30 1.12 20.62 10.61 128.2 0.79

11 11 Charbhata 7.32 0.1 7.7 0.30 1 20.26 10.76 134.1 0.69

12 12 Charbhata 7.34 0.09 4.9 0.33 0.96 16.54 7.56 122.5 0.72 Raipur (CG)

13 13 Elda 7.8 0.27 9.9 0.54 1.44 23.3 29.88 272.8 1.14

14 14 Elda 7.86 0.24 10.5 0.69 0.86 19.8 15.45 179.4 1.04

15 15 Elda 7.4 0.4 11.1 0.56 1.22 30.18 13.67 175.7 1.26

16 16 Elda 7.42 0.29 11.1 0.54 1.58 29.3 9.69 108.5 1.26

17 17 Elda 8.02 0.25 7.2 0.56 1 18.5 20.63 178.7 1.20

18 18 Elda 7.69 0.7 23.3 0.65 1.2 25.68 129.68 242.6 1.33

19 19 Nahardih 7.88 0.25 8.8 0.56 0.74 23.94 20.20 184.8 1.10

20 20 Nahardih 7.36 0.29 16.1 0.51 1 30.8 17.39 123.3 1.14

21 21 Nahardih 7.96 0.35 6.6 0.62 0.74 23.1 15.06 251.3 1.10

22 22 Beltukari 7.67 0.21 6.1 0.54 1.02 22.9 18.64 196.9 1.26

23 23 Beltukari 7.88 0.27 7.7 0.54 0.98 23.48 15.39 163.7 1.25

24 24 Beltukari 7.99 0.34 12.2 0.49 1.2 27.44 17.30 128.8 1.30

25 25 Parsada 8.2 0.28 9.4 0.49 1.36 21.42 19.33 143.3 0.94

26 26 Parsada 7.36 0.39 12.2 0.63 4.22 24.02 10.55 140.4 1.77

27 27 Budera 7.78 0.31 7.2 0.12 0.78 20.24 16.65 257.1 1.01

Rajnandgaon (CG)

28 28 Makrandpur 7.88 0.26 7.2 0.47 3.1 10.42 8.03 183.9 0.60

29 29 Makrandpur 7.7 0.29 11.1 0.65 1.36 13.86 12.38 188.8 1.07

30 30 Makrandpur 5.86 0.12 4.4 0.32 0.78 32.04 6.94 154.4 0.88

31 31 Makrandpur 5.71 0.13 12.2 0.35 0.56 32.44 7.03 148.8 0.83

32 32 Makrandpur 6.44 0.22 16.1 0.44 0.86 30.42 12.07 232.8 1.09

33 33 Makrandpur 7.55 0.31 11.1 0.63 1.36 13.88 11.71 184.4 1.01

34 34 Makrandpur 7.9 0.24 9.4 0.44 0.5 10.08 8.28 179.2 0.64

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35 35 Khapari 6.7 0.25 13.8 0.56 0.9 30.42 13.48 212.2 1.02

36 36 Khapari 5.7 0.13 3.3 0.35 0.58 30.66 5.71 149.6 0.83

37 37 Khapari 6.48 0.27 10.5 0.54 0.88 30.48 12.31 224.9 1.14

38 38 Saltigari 6.53 0.26 10.5 0.69 0.86 10.4 11.21 229.4 1.09

39 39 Saltigari 7.93 0.25 32.7 0.49 0.64 30.64 7.82 173.4 0.67

40 40 Antyanawagaon 6.82 0.26 12.7 0.51 0.78 31.52 13.17 200.2 1.01

Durg (CG)

41 41 Arjuni 6.92 0.17 9.9 0.53 1.84 31.52 15.62 129.0 0.99

42 42 Arjuni 7.93 0.28 8.8 0.65 0.94 23.3 12.46 161.3 1.01

43 43 Arjuni 7.92 0.22 8.3 0.54 0.54 10.34 8.21 175.1 0.64

44 44 Arjuni 7.94 0.21 13.3 0.49 0.6 12.94 7.54 146.3 0.62

45 45 Arjuni 6.83 0.22 16.6 0.56 0.96 32.04 13.55 188.4 1.00

46 46 Arjuni 7.79 0.21 9.4 0.51 0.74 12.8 8.61 150.2 0.70

47 47 Deori 7.59 0.23 13.3 0.51 0.8 16.46 6.00 146.4 0.75

48 48 Deori 7.58 0.13 5.5 0.47 2.28 13.74 3.37 157.0 0.56

49 49 Deori 5.93 0.13 9.4 0.49 1.12 32.64 10.16 185.2 1.00

50 50 Deori 6.44 0.12 3.8 0.46 0.78 32.26 6.64 138.1 0.67

51 51 Devgahan 6.55 0.23 9.4 0.60 0.72 32.18 7.53 181.2 1.07

52 52 Devgahan 7.52 0.24 7.2 0.48 0.76 22.46 10.78 141.5 0.75 Jabalpur (MP)

53 53 Andar 6.8 0.09 4.4 0.42 1.24 33.96 8.25 403.6 0.56

54 54 Turka 6.18 0.56 3.8 0.25 0.66 11.82 10.64 159.3 0.57

55 55 Kastara 6.97 0.48 7.2 0.70 1.46 28.52 22.55 737.5 0.99

56 56 Kastara 6.57 0.33 7.2 0.23 0.86 18.22 10.38 263.2 0.78

57 57 Jamgaon 6.46 0.14 6.6 0.28 1.42 32.44 6.89 51.9 1.01

58 58 Jamgaon 6.52 0.12 5.5 0.31 0.56 12.82 4.36 148.1 0.50

59 59 Jamgaon 6.54 0.11 2.2 0.26 0.56 12.24 3.10 142.9 0.58

60 60 Dunda 6.61 0.08 6.6 0.26 0.56 12.68 3.13 137.4 0.61

61 61 Dunda 6.96 0.13 16.7 0.44 1.46 32.56 13.14 338.2 0.92

62 62 Dunda 6.57 0.07 11.0 0.15 1.38 32.2 20.55 284.1 0.78

63 63 Barkhera 6.24 0.32 18.9 0.50 1.86 32.24 17.96 340.4 1.47

64 64 Barkhera 6.4 0.07 10.4 0.12 1.06 31.96 3.75 202.9 0.86

65 65 Barkhera 6.51 0.07 14.9 0.15 0.9 22.18 1.72 106.8 0.60

66 66 Barkhera 6.03 0.06 14.9 0.20 1.14 32.36 3.25 92.8 0.72

67 67 Barkhera 6.73 0.13 14.4 0.33 1.42 30.7 11.55 399.8 0.77

Damoh (MP)

68 68 Khejar 8.11 0.19 14.9 0.38 0.52 6.7 8.68 179.8 0.49

69 69 Khejar 8.13 0.2 14.4 1.30 0.44 5.62 3.22 190.3 0.37

70 70 Jamenera 8.11 0.21 15.5 0.64 0.48 6.1 2.96 191.6 0.52

71 71 Jamenera 8.21 0.2 14.9 0.34 1.7 5.54 3.01 194.5 0.49

72 72 Golapati 8.25 0.17 13.8 0.12 0.42 5.36 2.67 193.2 0.39

73 73 Golapati 8.23 0.21 16.1 0.03 0.48 5.54 4.51 194.2 0.46

74 74 Golapati 8.28 0.16 13.8 0.33 0.62 4.84 2.68 180.9 0.36

75 75 Golapati 8.21 0.19 17.8 0.13 0.56 5.48 4.82 186.0 0.39

76 76 Parswaha 6.9 0.24 19.5 0.53 0.92 32.02 15.62 78.5 0.69

77 77 Parswaha 7.27 0.32 18.4 0.53 0.92 31.96 25.39 80.8 0.98

78 78 Parswaha 8.02 0.34 18.9 0.39 0.88 31.74 22.43 114.9 0.83

79 79 Parswaha 7.45 0.33 21.8 0.78 0.86 31.56 22.75 95.1 0.90

80 80 Parswaha 7.19 0.41 29.2 0.88 1.08 31.64 16.92 126.6 0.94

81 81 Patinandlal 6.86 0.31 22.9 0.66 0.92 30.68 22.66 133.7 0.69

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82 82 Patinandlal 7.7 0.27 17.2 0.53 1.1 29.32 28.14 212.6 0.85

Rewa (MP)

83 83 Raura 5.82 0.39 21.8 0.36 1 32.44 49.79 123.2 0.47

84 84 Raura 5.81 0.33 19.5 0.36 1.08 32.7 47.42 118.1 0.43

85 85 Raura 5.59 0.38 23.5 0.33 1.52 33.12 71.20 117.4 0.51

86 86 Amilki 6.36 0.15 19.5 0.15 0.68 29.9 33.20 99.2 0.42

87 87 Amilki 6.49 0.13 16.1 0.31 0.74 29.4 20.23 101.6 0.38

88 88 Laxmanpur 7.06 0.1 16.7 0.27 0.82 22.6 20.72 130.4 0.41

89 89 Laxmanpur 7.07 0.1 14.9 0.26 0.86 24.8 17.35 127.0 0.41

90 90 Govingarh 6.05 0.28 19.5 0.22 0.8 29.72 53.64 127.9 0.37

91 91 Govingarh 6.01 0.3 19.5 0.19 1.02 32.18 83.22 125.0 0.37

92 92 Kothi 6.13 0.23 15.5 0.12 0.78 29.12 44.99 131.7 0.38

93 93 Kothi 6.96 0.13 16.7 0.33 0.92 24.32 32.32 126.8 0.36

94 94 Kothi 6.71 0.12 13.8 0.31 1.22 29.28 20.65 125.2 0.57 Satna (MP)

95 95 Ramasthan 7.06 0.39 96.3 0.64 0.64 11.78 17.70 176.1 0.78

96 96 Ramasthan 7.31 0.51 88.4 0.93 0.94 8.44 11.32 194.6 0.90

97 97 Ramasthan 7.65 0.56 160.7 1.11 0.48 5.68 6.58 156.7 0.79

98 98 Ramasthan 7.11 0.82 17.8 0.34 0.58 14.24 22.37 206.2 0.74

99 99 Ramasthan 7.69 0.63 172.1 1.26 0.68 6.22 9.40 142.1 0.92

100 100 Puranibasti jamudi

7.48 0.13 18.4 0.12 0.66 14.12 2.84 123.0 0.39


7.66 0.21 16.7 0.64 1.32 15.22 6.55 154.0 0.84


7.55 0.2 18.4 0.39 0.76 12.98 2.20 109.5 0.58


7.27 0.11 15.5 0.19 0.68 17.64 8.74 57.2 0.28


7.51 0.22 17.2 0.39 2.02 33.26 84.50 560.3 0.75


7.85 0.21 14.9 0.22 0.62 9.9 4.32 127.8 0.40

106 106 Gunchahai 8.25 0.23 18.4 0.22 0.46 3.98 0.78 101.4 0.39

107 107 Gunchahai 7.76 0.17 15.5 0.10 0.54 8.32 1.34 108.2 0.24

108 108 Gunchahai 8.29 0.23 14.4 0.24 0.56 4.2 0.71 97.7 0.35

109 109 Gunchahai 8.45 0.65 34.9 1.21 5.72 10.44 41.36 190.7 0.84

: Low : Medium/ Normal : High

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5.4. On-Farm Interventions: Establishment of PVS, IPPPTand VLSS Trials

5.4.1. Seed Distribution A total of 39.57 tons of seed was distributed for PVS, IPPPT and VLSS trials in the four pilot districts of CG. Of the total seed distributed, 42.00 kg seed of twelve improved varieties (JG 14, JG 11, ICCC37, JGK 2, JG 322, Vaibhav, JG 74, Vijay, Vishal, JG 16, JG 6 and JG 130) was used for PVS, 9.00 tons seeds of chickpea variety JG 74, 12.81 tons of JAKI 9218 and 14.88 tons of Vijay were used for IPPPT demonstrations and 0.74 tons chickpea variety Vijay, 1.35 tons of Vaibhav and 0.75 tons of Vishal were used in VLSS trials. Similarly, in MP a total of 41.54 tons of seeds were distributed for PVS, IPPPT, VLSS trials in the four target districts. Of this, 64.00 kg seeds of eight improved varieties (JG 11, JG 16, JG 14, JG 12, JG 130, JAKI 9218, JG 63, and JG 322) were used for PVS, 36.00 tons seeds of four varieties (JG 63, JG 74, JG16 and JG 130) were used for IPPPT demonstrations and 5.48 tons of JG 63, JG 16 and JG 130 were used for VLSS.

5.4.2. Mechanization: Introduction of Zero till seed drill

To facilitate an assured chickpea crop establishment utilizing the residual soil moisture left by the preceding rice crop, zero till seed-cum-fertilizer drills (modified and manufactured by IGKV, Raipur, CG) were two in each target district of CG. Farmers’ used perception on the introduction and performance of seed drill was obtained. There is a mixed reaction about the performance of these drills in the targeted districts/villages. Farmers with small holdings preferred direct seeding by a locally improvised method such as Nagar Nari, while medium to big farmers preferred tractor attached seed-cum-fertilizer drills (Local make). The zero till seed–cum-fertilizer drills (designed and manufactured by National Agro Industries, Ludhiana) was purchased and test-run in MP and at ICRISAT. These machines are under modification and testing. Preliminary results indicated that the National seed-fertilizer-drill needs soil and location specific modifications. A chickpea crop was established in larger areas using a locally manufactured seed/fertilizer drill (Khuriee) in MP. 5.4.3. Establishment: PVS, IPPPT and VLSS Out of 2496 on-farm trials, a total of 2487 [PVS (23), IPPPT (2415), and VLSS (49)] were successfully established and harvested in the targeted villages/districts of CG and MP. All PVS, IPPPT, and VLSS, trials were sown between 15 November and 21 December, 2011 in 34 villages of 4 districts of CG, and between 25 October and 7 December, 2011 in 45 villages of 4 districts of MP (Table 3). Site specific components of improved chickpea production technology, such as seeds of improved chickpea cultivars, seed treatment with fungicides, fertilizer, line sowing using (Indira seed-cum-fertilizer drill in CG and Khuriee in MP) and/or a locally improvised device such as Nagar Nari were used to establish the chickpea crop in the on-farm PVS, IPPPT, and VLLS demonstrations. Further details of the each of these interventions, including number of villages and farmers in each district and state etc are given in Table 4. Data so obtained from each of the successful farmers’ participatory PVS, IPPPT and VLLS is presented in the following section.

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Table 3. Summary of successfully conducted and harvested participatory varietal selection (PVS), improved pulse production and protection technologies (IPPPT) and village level seed system (VLSS) trials in Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh during 2011-12 season.

State District PVS No.a IPPPT No.b VLSS No.c Total No.

Villages Farmers Villages Farmers Villages Farmers Villages Farmers Chhattisgarh Raipur 2 2 4 323 1 5 7 330 Durg 1 2 5 300 4 5 10 307 Rajnandgaon 1 1 8 292 3 5 12 298 Kabirdham 1 2 3 300 1 4 5 306 Total No. 4 5 7 20 1215 9 19 34 1241 Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur 4 4 6 300 1 5 11 309 Rewa 4 4 6 300 1 5 11 309 Satna 4 4 4 300 1 10 9 314 Damoh 4 4 5 300 5 10 14 314 Total No. 4 16 16 21 1200 8 30 45 1246 CG&MP total 8 21 23 41 2415 17 49 79 2487 Chhattisgarh Districts: Raipur, Durg, Rajnandgaon, Kabirdham, aPVS: Varieties sown: JG 14, JG 11, ICCC37, JGK 2, JG 322, Vaibhav, JG 74, Vijay, Vishal, JG 16, JG 6 and JG 130 in plot sizes of 6x10m2 and 10x8m2 depending upon the availability of land. bIPPPT: JAKI 9218, Vijay and JG 74 sown in 486.20 ha area in 20 villages and 1215 farmers @ 0.40 ha per farmer cVLSS: Breeder seed (Vaibhav, Vishal and Vijay) used for VLSS Madhya Pradesh Districts: Jabalpur, Rewa, Satna, Damoh aPVS: Varieties sown: JG 11, JG 16, JG 14, JG 12, JG 130, JAKI 9218, JG 63, and JG 322 in plot sizes of 6 x10m2 to 10 x 8m2 depending upon the availability of land. bIPPPT: Varieties sown: JG 63, JG 74, JG 16 and JG 130 in 480.0 ha area in 21 villages and 1200 farmers @ 0.4 ha per farmer cVLSS: Foundation/certified seed (JG 16, JG 63 and JG 130) used for VLSS

5.4.3.1. Farmers Participatory Varietal Selection (PVS) Demonstrations: A total of 7 PVS trials in CG and 16 in MP were harvested (Table 4). A list of the farmers who participated in the PVS trials are given in Annexure III.

Among the tweelve chickpea varieties evaluated in PVS (Table 4) in CG, chickpea variety Vijay produced maximum grain yield (1.50 t ha-1) and was closely followed by JG 11 (1.49 t ha-1), JG 74 (1.40 t ha-1). Farmers preferred JG 74 followed by JG 14 in Raipur. Farmers preferred Vijay, JG 11, Vaibhav, Vishal and JG 74 over other varieties in Durg, Rajnandgaon and Kabirdham. The criteria for selecting this particular variety were its appealing plant type and bigger seed size compared to other test varieties. In MP, chickpea variety JG 322 topped the list (1.45 t ha-1) closely followed by JG 63 (1.44 t ha-1) (Table 4). Farmers preferred JG 322 in Rewa districts because of their higher yield and desirable grain size whereas JG 16, which produced a higher number of branches per plant and

15

had more pods per plant compared to other varieties, was liked in Jabalpur, Satna and Damoh. All test varieties had high resistance to wilt but had marked incidence of dry root rot and collar rot, the new potentially emerging diseases of chickpea. Table 4. Performance of chickpea varieties (yield t ha-1) in the PVS trials conducted in farmers’ fields in the targeted districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in the 2011-12 crop season. Variety District / Yield (t ha -1)

Mean Chhattisgarh Raipur Durg Rajnandgoan Kabirdham JG 14 1.40 1.15 1.19 1.66 1.35 JG 11 1.31 1.58 1.69 1.39 1.49 ICCC 37 0.99 - - - 0.99 JGK 2 0.94 - - - 0.94 JG 322 1.03 1.08 1.07 1.19 1.09 Vaibhav 1.19 1.52 1.56 1.28 1.38 JG 74 1.45 1.41 1.55 1.19 1.40 Vijay 1.36 1.56 1.60 1.51 1.50 Vishal 1.14 - - 1.44 1.29 JG 16 - - - 1.22 1.22 JG 6 - 1.23 1.20 - 1.21 JG 130 - 1.33 1.29 - 1.31 Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur Rewa Satna Damoh Mean JG 11 0.88 1.73 1.67 0.77 1.26 JG 16 1.41 1.56 1.46 1.14 1.39 JG 14 0.93 1.61 1.50 0.87 1.22 JG 130 1.26 1.89 1.72 0.84 1.42 JAKI 9218 1.12 1.30 1.43 0.78 1.16 JG 63 1.21 1.71 1.75 1.12 1.44 JG 12 1.16 1.47 1.52 0.73 1.22 JG 322 1.10 1.98 1.76 0.97 1.45

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5.4.3.2. Farmers Participatory Improved Pulse Production and Protection Technology (IPPPT) Demonstrations Overall, more than 99.66% of the IPPPT demonstrations were successful (Table 5). Of 1223 IPPPT demonstrations in CG, 8 trials failed in Rajnandgaon due to rain after sowing and therefore data was collected from the remaining 1215 trials. A total of 2415 (1215 CG and 1200 MP) IPPPT demonstrations (including seed priming, treatment with fungicides, insecticides, Rhizobium, PSB, Fertilizer and Pheromone traps) were successfully established in 0.40 ha areas in each of the participating farmers fields. The IPPPT demonstration trials were sown in CG without irrigation between 15 November and 21 December, 2011 at all locations using improved variety JG 74, Vijay and JAKI 9218. In MP, IPPPT demonstrations were sown from 25 October to 7 December, 2011 in the four target districts using four improved varieties of chickpea (JG 74, JG 63, JG 16 and JG 130). All the test varieties were sown @ 30 kg 0.40 ha-1. The list of the farmers participated in IPPPT demonstrations is given in Annexure IV.

Table 5. Success (%) of IPPPT demonstrations conducted in farmer’s field in the targeted districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in the 2011-12 crop season. State/District IPPPT demonstration (No.)

Sown Harvested Success (%) Chhattisgarh Raipur 323 323 100 Durg 300 300 100 Rajnandgaon 300 292 97.33 Kabirdham 300 300 100 Total 1223 1215 99.33 Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur 300 300 100 Rewa 300 300 100 Satna 300 300 100 Damoh 300 300 100 Total 1200 1200 100 Grand Total 2423 2415 99.66

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Table 6. Performance (Yield t ha-1) of IPPPT demonstrations conducted in farmers’ field in the targeted districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in the 2011-12 crop season. State/District Variety Farmer

(No) Area

Sown (ha) Total Yield

(t) Average Yield

(t ha-1) Chhattisgarh Raipur JAKI 9218 222 88.8 70.35 0.79

Vijay 101 40.4 26.28 0.65 Durg Vijay 300 120.0 99.38 0.83 Rajnandgaon JG 74 292 116.8 99.37 0.85

Kabirdham JAKI 9218 205 82.0 92.18 1.12 Vijay 95 38.0 45.79 1.20

Total /Mean 3 1215 486.0 433.35 0.89 Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur JG 63 159 63.60 88.12 1.38 JG 16 67 26.80 33.66 1.25 JG 130 74 29.60 49.58 1.67 Rewa JG 130 300 120.00 204.53 1.70 Satna JG 130 300 120.00 187.70 1.56 Damoh JG 63 255 102.00 119.48 1.17 JG 16 35 14.00 16.59 1.18 JG 74 10 4.00 4.40 1.10 Total/Mean 4 1200 480.00 704.06 1.46 In CG, the mean yield of JG 74, Vijay and JAKI 9218 was 0.89 t ha -1 across locations and villages. The highest mean yield of Vijay was 1.20 t ha-1 in district Kabirdham. In comparison to CG the mean grain yield in MP was 1.46 t ha-1. Chickpea cultivar JG 130 produced 1.70 t ha-

1 of grain yields in district Rewa (Table 6). Gain (%) in comparison to IPPPT Vs local practices To compare the advantage of IPPPT over non-IPPPT, yield data of farmer’s grown chickpea varieties using their practices were collected from 50 farmers in each district. In CG, the gain in chickpea yields ranged from 22 to ≥43%. Gain in chickpea production using IPPPT over local farmer variety and practices were between 19-50 % across the locations and farmers in targeted districts of MP (Table 7).

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Table 7. Gain (%) of IPPPT demonstrations over local farmer’s practices in the targeted districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in the 2011-12 crop season.

State/District/ Variety Yield(t ha-1) Variety IPPPT Non-IPPPT Gain (%)

Chhattisgarh Raipur

JAKI 9218 0.79 0.55 43.63 Vijay 0.65 0.53 22.64

Durg Vijay 0.83 0.62 33.87 Rajnandgaon JG 74 0.85 0.66 28.78 Kabirdham JAKI 9218 1.12 0.83 34.93

Vjay 1.20 0.85 41.17 Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur JG 63 1.38 1.02 35.29 JG 16 1.25 0.90 38.88 JG 130 1.67 1.18 41.52 Rewa JG 130 1.70 1.13 50.44 Satna JG 130 1.56 1.07 45.79 Damoh JG 63 1.17 0.91 28.57 JG 16 1.18 0.93 26.88 JG 74 1.10 0.92 19.56

5.4.3.3. Village Level Seed System (VLSS) Demonstrations: Out of 49 VLSS production trials, 19 and 30 farmers conducted VLSS trials in each of the four districts in CG and MP respectively. Depending upon the availability of assured irrigation, 4-5 farmers per district were selected to conduct these trials during the 2011-12 crop seasons. Farmers preferred chickpea cultivar Vijay, Vaibhav and Vishal in CG and JG 63, JG 16 and JG 130 in MP. These were included in the VLSS trials (Table 7). The trials covered a 112.00 ha area (38.00 = CG, 74.00=MP). The list of farmers who conducted VLSS trials is given in Annexure V.

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5.4.3.3.1. Seed Production and Storage from VLSS demonstrations: In CG, total seed production of the chickpea variety Vaibhav, Vijay and Vishal was 42.69 t, and in MP, total seed produced from JG 63, JG 130 and JG 16 varieties was 84.59 t (Table 8). Total seed produced and stored from VLSS is 127.28 t, which will be sufficient to cover an additional area of 1697 ha @ 75 kg ha-1during the 2012-13 crop seasons. . Table 8. Seed production (t) in VLSS trials conducted in farmer’s field in the targeted districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in the 2011-12 crop seasons. State/District Villages

(No) Farmers (No)

Variety Area (ha)

Seed Sown (Kg)

Seed Production

(t) Chhattisgarh Raipur 1 5 Vijay 10.0 740 10.90 Durg 4 5 Vaibhav 10.0 750 10.53 Rajnandgaon 3 5 Vishal 10.0 750 10.66 Kabirdham 1 4 Vaibhav 8.0 600 10.60 Total 9 19 3 38.0 2840 42.69 Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur 1 5 JG 63 17.2 1200 24.40 Rewa 1 5 JG 130 20.0 1500 20.50 Satna 1 10 JG 130 16.8 1280 21.69 Damoh 5 10 JG 16 20.0 1500 18.00 Total 8 30 3 74.00 5480 84.59 CG&MP Total 17 49 6 112.0 8320 127.28

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5.4.3.3.2. Village Level Seed Systems (VLSS): Seed Production and Storage from IPPPT In addition to the seed produced in VLSS, approximately 20% of the total chickpea production in IPPPT demonstrations was kept as seed by the participating farmers at individual household levels. In CG, 86.64 t seeds of the JAKI 9218, Vijay and JG 74 variety have been stored by the farmers for the next crop season. Similarly, in MP chickpea grain stored as seed (20%) at individual house hold level by participating farmers is 140.81 t [10.04 t (JG 16), 88.36 t (JG 130), 0.88 t (JG 74) and 41.53 t (JG 63)]. This seed will be sufficient for 3032 ha sowing in the next season in targeted districts of CG and MP (Table 9). Table 9. Chickpea grain production (t) and storage (20%) at individual household level from the IPPPT trials conducted in farmers fields in the targeted districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in the 2011-12 crop season. State/District Village

(No) Farmers

(No) Variety Area

(ha) Production*

(t) Seed (t ) (20%)

Chhattisgarh Raipur 3 222 JAKI 9218 88.8 70.35 14.07

1 101 Vijay 40.4 26.28 5.25 Durg 5 300 Vijay 120 99.38 19.87 Rajnandgaon 8 292 JG 74 116.8 99.37 19.87 Kabirdham 2 205 JAKI 9218 82 92.18 18.43

1 95 Vijay 38 45.79 9.15 Total 20 1215 3 486.00 433.35 86.64 Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur

6 159 JG 63 63.60 88.12 17.63 67 JG 16 26.80 33.66 6.73 74 JG 130 29.60 49.58 9.91

Rewa 6 300 JG 130 120.00 204.53 40.91 Satna 4 300 JG 130 120.00 187.70 37.54 Damoh

5 255 JG 63 102.00 119.48 23.90 35 JG 16 14.00 16.59 3.31 10 JG 74 4.00 4.40 0.88

Total 21 1200 4 480 704.06 140.81

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5.4.3.3.3. Seed Storage from VLSS and IPPPT Demonstrations Total seed stored from VLSS (100%) and IPPPT (20%) at village and district levels is 129.33 t in CG and 225.40 t in MP. This seed will be sufficient to cover additional area of 1724.40 ha in CG and 3005.33 ha in MP during the 2012-13 crop season (Table 10). Table 10. Seed Storage (t) from VLSS and IPPPT trials conducted in farmer’s field in the targeted districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in the 2011-12 crop season.

State/District Village (No)

Farmers (No)

Variety Seed stored (t) VLSS IPPPT VLSS+IPPPT

Chhattisgarh

Raipur 3 222 JAKI 9218 - 14.07

30.22 1 101 Vijay - 5.25 1 5 Vijay 10.90 -

Durg 5 300 Vijay 19.87 30.40 4 5 Vaibhav 10.53 -

Rajnandgaon 8 292 JG 74 19.87 30.53 3 5 Vishal 10.66 -

Kabirdham 2 205 JAKI 9218 - 18.43

38.18 1 95 Vijay - 9.15 1 4 Vaibhav 10.60 -

Total 29 1234 5 42.69 86.64 129.33 Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur 6 159 JG 63 - 17.63 58.67

67 JG 16 - 6.73 74 JG 130 - 9.91

1 5 JG 63 24.40 - Rewa 6 300 JG 130 - 40.91 61.41

1 5 JG 130 20.50 - Satna 4 300 JG 130 37.54 59.23

1 10 JG 130 21.69 - Damoh 5 255 JG 63 - 23.90 46.09

35 JG 16 - 3.31 10 JG 74 - 0.88

5 10 JG 16 18.00 - Total 29 1230 4 84.59 140.81 225.40 Grand Total 58 2464 9 127.28 227.45 354.73 5.4.4. Economics of IPPPT: The recommended IPPPT package to grow chickpea in RRFL of CG and MP was highly profitable and cost-effective. On the basis of information gathered from 1241 farmers in CG, gain in average net return was 42.00 % (Table 11). The reason behind the per cent gain in net return due to improved practice over the local practice in CG was the selection of RRFLs in the tribal backward areas, where farmers are cultivating traditional chickpea and use minimum inputs in terms of fertilizers/ insecticides/ fungicides/ improved varieties. Though the cost of the IPPPT package for chickpea production was 13.33% higher than the local farmer practices

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in MP, net returns using IPPPT was 49.14 % in MP more than local farmer practices. The benefit- cost ratio of chickpea production using IPPPT was estimated to be 3.25 in MP and 2.60 in CG. Table 11. Net return (%) and benefit-cost ratio gains from the IPPPT trials conducted in farmers fields in the targeted districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in the 2011-12 crop season Particulars IPPPT Local farmers

Practice % increase/ gain of IPPPT over local farmers practice

Chhattisgarh Input cost Rs/ha-1 10540 8513 23.81 Yield kg/ha-1 883 657 34.40 Gross return Rs/ha-1 27373 20367 34.40 Net return Rs/ha-1 16833 11854 42.00 BC ratio 1:2.60 1:2.39 Madhya Pradesh Input cost Rs/ha-1 11476.8 10126.5 13.33 Yield kg/ha-1 1437 1035 38.84 Gross return Rs/ha-1 48858 35190 38.84 Net return Rs/ha-1 37381.2 25063.5 49.14 BC ratio 1:3.25 1:2.47 5.4.5. Farmers Perceptions and Expectations More than 2000 farmers were directly exposed to the use of IPPPT to obtain higher grain yield in chickpea in RRFL. Interaction with ≥3000 participatory and non-participatory farmers during periodical monitorings, village level group meetings and during their visit to ICRISAT indicated that almost all the participating and neighboring farmers were impressed and convinced about the advantage of the IPPPT, and expressed their willingness to adopt these technologies in the coming crop season. Several non-participatory farmers also booked and or bartered chickpea seeds with wheat for the next season to adopt IPPPT. The farmers are confident that they can grow chickpea and obtain higher yields by adopting the IPPPT package in their rice fallows with at least one irrigation. They are convinced that chickpea has provided them pertinacious grains, increased income and increased production of rice by improving soil fertility. 5.4.6. Capacity Building The IPPPT orientation [including integrated nutrient management (INM), integrated pest management (IPM), integrated disease management (IDM), storage pest and production technology] programs were conducted in 101 villages of CG and 50 villages of MP during the 2011-12 crop season to train farmers on major production constraints and their management. A total of 3449 farmers in CG state and 974 farmers from MP, attended training in target villages (Table 12). Further, hands–on training was also given to farmers during trial monitoring and visits to the research institutions.

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Table 12. Capacity building: activities and training conducted during the 2011-12 crop season. Title of the training Village

(No) Farmers

(No)

Duration (days)

Chhattisgarh No of Trainings IPPPT – Orientation 19 680 1(19) INM 10 547 1(10) IDM: Wilt/CR/DRR, disease 12 463 1(12) IPM: Pod borer 19 594 1(19) IPM: Storage pest 12 446 1(12) Seed production technology 12 342 1(12) Sowing methods and implements for increasing the nutrient and water use efficiency

9 363 1(9)

Exposer visit of NFSM-farmers and trainers at ICRISAT

8 14 7(1)

TOTAL 101 3449 14(94) Madhya Pradesh IPPPT – Orientation 6 160 1(8) INM 6 160 1(8) IDM: Wilt/CR/DRR, diseases 6 160 1(8) IPM: Pod borer 6 120 1(8) IPM: Storage pest 6 120 1(8) Seed production technology 6 120 1(8) Sowing methods and implements for increasing the nutrient and water use efficiency

6 120 1(8)

Exposer visit of NFSM-farmers and trainers at ICRISAT

8 14 7(1)

TOTAL 50 974 14(57) Grand Total 151 4423 151

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5.4.7. Lessons Learned from IPPPT Farmer Promotion and Adoption of Chickpea and IPPPT in RRFL Economics

• Chickpea competes well with alternatives, is highly profitable and can improve livelihoods for poor farmers and their families.

• If rewards are sufficient, farmers will adopt and reinvest. • Markets are not limiting for chickpea in India. Connectivity between the extension

system (eg, DoA and NGOs) SAUs and ICRISAT is essential for further expansion of chickpea in RRFL.

• Good storage is crucial but currently a low priority for farmers – needs pest management.

Pest and disease management

• Pesticide quality is important and adulteration is frequently reported. Needs monitoring. • Insecticide resistance reported in the West (associated with Cotton in India?). Needs

addressing with alternatives. • NPV can be integrated in IPM of pod borer management, but no infrastructure available

for backstopping, quality control, production, legislation and policy. • Diagnostic skills need to be taught to farmers, with technical backstopping.

o Key life stages of pod borer essential for successful control o Resistance for wilt and susceptibility to stem rot and dry root rot: Is it climate change? o Early warning: for wilt, dry root rot and stem rot diagnosis o Technologies too complicated for some farmers. o Adequate technical backstopping research on new emerging diseases is essential

and often lacking. Micronutrient and Rhizobium

• Vigrous soil sampling and timely chemical analysis is the prerequisit for site specific application of minor and major nutrients.

• Rhizobia and plant growth promoters available in the maket are adulterated and need quality control and timely availability to the farmers

Mechanization and Crop Establishment • This is the most important issue and needs focused private-public partnership approach.

It is a issue that needs focused R&D? Seed production

• Chickpea is a self-fertilizing crop. Once farmers have a variety they can maintain their own seed.

• There is always a need for technology inputs. We encourage low cost inputs for seed production.

• Self-help groups to take on role of seed production. This works and helps to ensure wider knowledge dissemination.

Dissemination • Popular media such as newspapers and television give agriculture a low priority, so

novel and alternative, local or traditional mechanisms need to be exploited to ensure widespread dissemination of information and knowledge.

25

5.5. Backstop Research: During 2011-12 crop season, backstop research was focused in management of emerging biotic streses in chickpea in RRFL. Management of emerging biotic stresses in chickpea in RRFL: In our quest to minimize the losses caused by dry root rot (Rhizoctonia bataticola) and collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) the two emerging diseases of chickpea in the RRFL, we intensified our efforts to understand the biology, epidemiology and to identify the host resistace to these two diseases. Salient findings of the experiments are as follows: i) Soil moisture holding capacity ≥60% coupled with soil temperature 35ºC are the

predisposing factors for dry root rot of chickpea. ii) Fifty isolates of dry root rot pathogen Rhizoctonia bataticola collected from different agro-

climatic zones in India were evaluated for the degree of subdivision in isolates level. The isolates showed variability in pathogenicity test. Genetic characteristics were analyzed based on the sequence of the rDNA-internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The phylogenetic tree based on rDNA-ITS analysis showed that the maximum number of R. bataticola isolates were very diverse and did not depend on geographical origin (Figure 1). Both pathological and molecular data correlated each other and supported that the R. bataticola present in India were very diverse and independent to their origin.

iii) Standardization of resistance screening techniques based on sound epidemiological parameters to identify resistance sources for DRR is in progress. One chickpea cultiver (ICCX-0600-F4-P135-BP) found moderately resistant against DRR after preliminary screening (Figure 2).

iv) Standardization of resistance screening techniques for collar rot (CR) is also in progress and initial screening indicated no resistance to this disease in the core germplasm collection.

26

Figure 1. Phylogeny tree showing relationships among the fungal isolates based on their ITS sequences.

Figure 2. DRR resistant cultivar ICCX-0600-F4-P135-BP (Right) and DRR susceptible BG 212 (Left).

27

5.6. Chickpea Area Expansion: 2008-09 to 2011-12 During 2011-12 in collaboration with Directorate of pulses Development, Bhopal, partner Universities (JNKVV and IGKV) and NFSM, attempts were made to estimate the chickpea area expanded in each of the target districts of CG and MP during the NFSM-IPPPT project: 2008-09 to 2011-12. Chickpea area expansion was quantified on the set of structured proformas. The percentage of chickpea area in CG after NFSM interventions is 45.06% and 52.73 % in MP (Table 14). A total chickpea area increased from 329.28 ha to 803.03 ha in CG and 728.00 ha to 1520.62 ha in MP (Table 13 and Figure 3). Table 13. Expansion in chickpea area in Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh after IPPPT intervention from 2008-09 to 2011-12.

District Village (farmers

no.)

Total area (ha)

CP before IPPPT

(ha)

CP after NFSM (ha)

Chickpea area before NFSM

(%)

Chickpea area after NFSM

(%) CG 67 (643) 1781.83 329.28 803.03 18.47 45.06 MP 96 (696) 2883.32 728.00 1520.62 25.24 52.73 Total 163 (1339) 4665.15 1057.28 2323.65 22.66 49.80

State

329.28

803.03 728.00

1520.62

Figure 3. Expansion in chickpea area in two target states of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh from 2008-09 to 2011-12.

Are

a (h

a)

28

5.7. Visuals of on-farm RRFL IPPPT- chickpea, Chhattisgarh: 2011-12 Continued

RRFL Farmers orientation

Introduction: Short duration rice variety Seed distribution

29

Chickpea: Seed conditioning Farmers participatory varietal selection

Periodical monitoring Harvest: Sustainable end product

30

5.8. Visuals of on-farm RRFL- IPPPT- chickpea, Madhya Pradesh: 2011-12 Continued

RRFL Long duration rice vs short duration rice

Farmers orientation Introduction: Short duration rice variety

31

Participatory farmers and partners at ICRISAT

Seed distribution Crop establishment

Periodical monitoring Harvest: Sustainable end product

32

NFSM-IPPPT partners at ICRISAT Farmers and scientist interaction

Field visit: Fusarium wilt resistant varieties Field visit: multiple disease resistance varieties

Field visit: High yielding chickpea varieties Field visit: Pod borer resistant varieties

Field visit: IPPPT trials in MP Field visit: IPPPT trials in CG

5.9. Exposer visit of NFSM-farmers and trainers at ICRISAT

33

6. Publications

34

7. Acknowledgements: On behalf of the the project partners, I gratetfully acknowledge the National Food Security Mission (NFSM), Department of Agriculture & Cooperation (DoA&C), Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India for funding this pilot project. I am grateful to Dr William Dar DG, ICRISAT, Dr Gautam Kalloo Vice-Chancellor JNKVV, and Dr MP Pandey and the respective managements for their contant encouragement and help rendered during the execution of this project. I wish to extend my special thanks to Dr SK Rao, Principal Investigator Madhya Pradesh and his team, and Dr RN Sharma and his team who worked hard to meticulously impement the challenging agreed work plan of introducing chickpea in the rrainfed rice fallow lands in the target districts villages and to farmers of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. Finally on behalf of the team I acknowledge enthusiastic participation of the farmers in successfully implementing the various activities of the project.

35

8. Annexure: I-V

Annexure I

Work-Plan 2011-12

Enhancing chickpea production in RRFL of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh states of India following IPPPT

After thorough discussions, the consolidated work-plan under each and every objective was developed by the project team. The detailed agreed work-plan is as follows:

Activities: PVS, IPPPT, VLSS, and Training & Capacity Building (CB): Data Collection: I t starts at INDIVIDAL FARMER LEVEL from selection o f farmers/sites/villages / blocks/district/state for all activities as follows: Individual farmers:

• New farmers: 2011/12 • Farmers: 2010-11 carried over • Farmers: 2009-10 carried over • Farmers: 2008-09 carried over

Village (Block): ↓ • New villages: 2011/12 • Villages: 2010-11 carried over • Villages: 2009-10 carried over • Villages: 2008-09 carried over

District (State) ↓

• District/State data:

↓

• Annual report 2011-12 General Instructions:

• Seed and inputs: PVS, IPPPT and VLSS demonstrations and Training & CB • Soil sample analysis during rice phase • Detailed data collection from each new farmer and village: 2011-12

36

• Monitor farmers and villages of 2009-10, 2008-09 and 2011-12, collect data on area expansion, yield and their perception

• List of farmers: Name, village and area adopted/ expanded with IPPPT • Weather data • Periodical progress report

Important Note for data recording: PVS, IPPPT, VLSS, Capacity Building and Backstop Research:

• ICRISAT will send the soft copies of data record sheets that individual RAs responsible for each district will prepare in consultation with the Co-PI and use them for data recording and compilation of his/her target farmers/village/district.

• Please follow the data recording methodology as in the previous years. • Data recording should be done in the BOND COPY (Data Record Book for a village in

a District separately) and not in loose sheets • Send the compiled data sets of your state to ICRISAT for further compilation. • Alternatively ICRISAT can prepare the data record books, provided if it gets the name

of the selected farmers/village/district/state on time (by 30 July 2011).

Objective1. To enhance capacity at field level for farmer-participatory research and extension (FPRE) in adoption and expansion of improved chickpea-pulse production and protection technologies (IPPPT) in rainfed rice fallow lands Main Activity: Farmers participatory varietal selection (PVS) Work plan: Identify farmers and evaluate location specific 8-10 improved chickpea cultivars for IPPPT through farmer’s participatory varietal selection (PVS) PVS Demonstrations: New Farmers (Plot size: 10 x 8m2) State District Village

(No) Farmer (No)

Varieties

CG Raipur 2 4 JG 14, JG 11, JG 12 ICCC 37, JG 322, JG 130, Vaibhav, JG 74, JG 16 and Vijay

Durg 2 4 Rajnandgaon 2 4 Kabirdham 2 4

Total: CG 8 16 10 MP Jablapur 2 4 JG 11, JG 16, JG 12, JG 14, JG 130,

JAKI 9218, JG 63, JG 322

Rewa 2 4 Satana 2 4 Damoh 2 4 Total: MP 2 16 8 Grand total: (CG&MP)

8 8 32 18

37

Objective2. To multiply and distribute farmer-preferred chickp ea varieties along with IPPPT (including IDM, IPM and INM) for sustainable intensification of rainfed rice fallow cropping systems Main Activity: IPPPT demonstrations Work plan 2.1: Identify farmers and distribute seeds of location specific improve chickpea cultivars to farmers for IPPPT demonstrations in RRFL of target villages/blocks/states IPPPT Demonstrations: New Villages and Farmers (Plot Size 0.2-0.4 ha)

State District Village* (No)

Farmers (No) Varieties

CG* Raipur 300 Vijay, Vaibhav, JG 11, JG 74 Durg 300 Vijay, Vaibhav, JG 11, JG 74 Rajnandgaon 300 Vijay, Vaibhav, JG 11, JG 74 Kabirdham 300 Vijay, Vaibhav, JG 11, JG 74 Total: CG 1200 4 MP Jabalpur 300 JG 11, JG16 Rewa 300 JG 130 JG 16 Satna 300 JG 130, JG 16 Damoh 300 JG 16, JAKI 9218 Total: MP 1200 4 Grand total (CG&MP) 2400 8 * CG: Selection of farmers/ villages in each target district is in progress Work plan 2.2: At least 20% of the grain produced from IPPPT demonstrations will be stored at individual level house hold level for next crop season Data to be collected 2011-12:

• Area expansion by individual farmers 2008-09 to 2011-12 • Collect soil samples from individual farmers representing the village/district before the

rice and or chickpea cropping season and send to ICRISAT for chemical analysis. Please collect the samples following the standard protocols as explained during the last years research associates orientation training at ICRISAT.

• Quantify the number of farmers benefited through area expansion by 2008-09 to 2010-11 farmers

• Each new IPPPT farmers of 2011-12 will provide seeds for 0.8 ha (60 Kg seed) of the improved chickpea variety that he has received during 2011-12, to two new farmers in 2012-13 crop season. This needs to be recorded in details (name of the farmers and villages etc). Action: RAs of individual district will facilitate the process of procurement and redistribution of seed to two new farmers. Suggestive guidelines and local modus operandi AGREEMENT need to be prepared.

Objective 3. Empowerment among farmers and participating local institutions, on FPRE/IPPPT to establish village-based seed system(s) to achieve self-sufficiency in seeds of farmer-preferred, improved varieties of chickpea at the village level

38

Main Activity: Village Level Seed Systems (VLSS) Work Plan: Identify farmer groups with assured irrigation and initiate seed multiplication program at village/district level Village Level Seed Systems (VLSS) from FOUNDATION SEED State District farmers

(No) Varieties (Area:5 ha/district)

CG Raipur 5 Vijay, Vaibhav, JG 11, JG 322, JG 14 Durg 5 Vijay, Vaibhav, JG 11, JG 322, JG 14 Rajnandgaon 5 Vijay, Vaibhav, JG 11, JG 322, JG 14 Kabirdham 5 Vijay, Vaibhav, JG 11, JG 322, JG 14 Total: CG 20 5 MP Jabalpur 2 Seed Society: JG 16, JG 14 Rewa 2 Seed Society: JG 130, JG 16 Satna 2 Seed Society: JG 130, JG 16 Damoh 2 Seed Society: JG 16, JG 63 Total: MP 8 4 Grand total (CG&MP) 8 28 9 VLSS based seed production plan 2011-12

• Seed production program must be planned in the villages where we produced seeds during 2010- 11

• Enlisting of seed producing farmers • Capacity building in seed production • Quality assurance in seed production • Seed processing and packaging will be facilitated at custom hiring basis • Seed supply will be on first come first basis to the project farmers/villages/districts

39

Objective 4. Research backstopping for further improvement of chickpea varieties for traits and IPPPT components preferred by the farmers and traders in the target area Main Activity: Research backstopping Work plan : Identify biotic and abiotic constraints of chickpea production in RRFL 4.1. Biotic constraints

• Monitoring and identification of new emerging diseases in chickpea in RRFL • Biology and epidemiology of the new pathogen(s) associated with wilt resistant

chickpea varieties being promoted in RRFL - Dry root rot - Collar rot Note: Chickpea diseased samples (plant mortality) including wilt will be collected and send to ICRISAT at periodical intervals. Protocols for collection and their dispatch to ICRISAT explained during the work plan development. 4.2. Abiotic constraints

• Monitoring and identification of location specific abiotic constraints in RRFL and determine their management strategies

4.3. Crop Establishment: Mechanization Field trials to enhance fertilizer/seed Experiment Title: Evaluation of zero till sowing of chickpea in RRFL. Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of zero till sowing in the RRFL climates and soil types of MP and CG. Methods and materials

• Among the 300 IPPPT farmers, introduce and or encourage zero tillage using available/new Zero till-fertilizer-seed drills representing the predominant soil types of the district.

• The main purpose is to save energy and establish the chickpea to capture the residual soil moisture left by the paddy rice.

• Committed timely imitative and chickpea crop establishment soon after the harvest of paddy is the prerequisite for the successful execution of this important experiment.

Treatments: Zero tillage vs. local farmers practice Design: CRD Replication: Individual farmer will represent a replication Observations:

• Crop establishment score on 1-9 rating scale • Crop agronomy score on 1- 9 rating scale • Weed score on 1- 9 rating scale • Yield parameters (Plot yield) • Disease and pest scores on 1-9 rating scale and or follow text book protocols • Economics of zero till vs. farmers practice

4.4. Rice–Chickpea Cropping System Early maturing rice variety/hybrid followed by chic kpea

40

Title of the experiment: Double cropping of the RRFL Objective: To develop an assured and sustainable rice-chickpea cropping system for the RRFL in CG and MP Methods and Materials: Guidelines for developing experimental protocols:

• Base line data collection: Soil type, soil depth and water holding capacity. • Selection of farmers: 5 Farmers in each district representing the predominant soil types

of the village/district (Total farmers 20 in four target districts in each state). • Soil sample collection before paddy harvest to estimate the soil fertility status.

• Sow early maturing rice variety recommended and or performing better in the target

district/state following standard practices for crop establishment.

• Take observations as per the data record sheets (on crop establishment, agronomy, diseases and pests and yield parameters).

• Sow and establish chickpea crop following local and or zero till.

• Record data on chickpea crop as per earlier years.

Note: Location specific experimental details were discussed and guidelines were suggested to conduct experiments and collect the quantitative and qualitative base data. (Action: Co-PI and district RAs of the project sites /state).

41

Objective: 1, 2, & 3 Main Activity: Capacity Building and Training Work plan 1. Impart training on IPPPT components (Sowing methods, IPM, IDM, INM and seed production technology) to participating farmers & Research Associates of participating institutions State Farmers (No) Period of training (days)

CG 1000 100 MP 1000 100 Total 2000 200 Work plan 2. Impart training to farmers’ groups’ /NGOs/ Local Institutions specifically on crop protection components of IPPPT as master trainers/ village scout. Training location

Trainees (No) Period of training (days)

CG

MP

ICRISAT Work plan 3. Prepare farmer friendly training and extension manuals (Hindi) on improved chickpea production technology for RRFL of target states The project partners and the stakeholders approved the 2011- 12 work plans and suggested the future course of action for the project team based on their experiences in 2010 and 2011.

42

Annexure II

Soil Critical Limits

Sno Pariculars of analysis Guidelines followed by ICRISAT

1. PH (1:2 Soil : Water) <6.5 Acidic 6.5 - 8.5 Normal >8.7 Alkaline

2. Salinity (Electrical Conductivity (dS/m) <0.8 Normal 0.8 - 1.6 Critical for salt sensitive crops 1.6 - 2.5 Critical for salt tolerent crops >2.5 injurious to all norms

3. Organic Carbon % 0.5% Low 0.5 - 0.75 Medium >0.75 High

4. Available P (Olsen’s Method) ppm <0.5% ppm Low 0.5 - 0.75 ppm Medium >10 ppm High

5. Available K (1 N Neutral Am. Acetate) <50ppm Low 50 -125 ppm Medium 125 ppm High

6. Available Mg (1 N Neutral Am. Acetate) <40ppm Low 40 - 80 ppm Medium >80 ppm High

7. Available Ca (1 N Neutral Am. Acetate) <1000 ppm Low 1000 -1600 ppm Medium >1600 - 2400 ppm High

8. For Indian soils DTPA Extractable Particulars

Critical limit ppm

Zinc (Zn) 0.75 Copper (Cu) 0.5 Iron (Fe) 2 Manganese (Mn) 1 Hot water extractable Boron 0.58 Cacl2 extractable S 8-10 Same limits for P suggested by Olsen et al. in US Department of Agriculture 939, 1954- cited by Rajendraprasad, 1968. Reference: Jackson ML. 1967. Soil Chemical Analysis.

43

Annexure III

List of PVS demonstrations in individual farmer’s field during 20011-12 State: Chhattisgarh District: Raipur, Village: Elda and Nahardih 1. Omprakash Sahu 2. Khorbahara Ram Sahu District: Durg, Village: Arjuni 1. Unmed Singh 2. Hariram Sahu District: Rajnandgaon, Village: Makrandpur 1. Hemant Sinha District: Kabirdham, Village: Singhari 1. Arvind Mishra 2. Sudharshan Verma State: Madhya Pradesh District: Jabalpur, Village: Barkheda, Jamgaon, Kastara and Kuhi 1. Promod Jharia 2. Tulsiram Barkede 3. Than Singh 4. Devendra Patel District: Rewa, Village: Amilki, Patna, Mahorba sukwar and Laxmanpur 1. Ajay Patel 2. Rajmani Patel 3. Sarad Pandey 4. Prahalad Dewdee District: Damoh, Village: Golapati, Patinandlal, Jamnera and Parswa 1. Ramji 2. Mukundilal 3. Nanhebai 4. Dansingh District: Satna, Village: PuraniBasti Jamudi, Ramasthan and Naibasti Jamudi 1. Jahur Khan 2. Mohanlal 3. Maniraj Singh 4. Mahendra Singh

44

Annexure IV

List of IPPPT demonstrations in individual farmers fields during 2011-12

State: Chhattisgarh

S. No

Raipur S. No

Kabirdham S.No

Durg S.No

Rajnandgaon Village/Farmers Name

Village/Farmers Name



Nahardih Charbhata Arjuni Sakuldhiyan 1 Salik/Bholaram sahu 1 Sillu Kaushik 1 Shyamlal Takur 1 Nandu Malekar 2 Sewaram/Puranik sahu 2 Bhagwat Kaushik 2 Kartik Thakur 2 Gorelal Sinha 3 Neelkanth/ Sevakram S 3 Rajesh Shrivas 3 Bhukhan Singh 3 Shivnandan Dewangan 4 Kesoram/Chaitram 4 Rameshwar 4 Parashuram Singh 4 Tulsiram Khutiyare 5 Suderam/Sundar sahu 5 Sawath Ram 5 Chitrakant Sahu 5 Budhuram Sinha 6 Dilip/ Nandkumar 6 Kumhalan Kaushik 6 Davendra sahu 6 Amardas Sinha 7 Motiram/ Brijlal Sahu 7 Sonu Kaushik 7 Neelkanth Sahu 7 Thakur ram Sinha 8 Girdhar/ ramsingh sahu 8 Saklu Nishad 8 Sarjuram Sahu 8 Tulsiram Dewangan 9 Santosh Sahu 9 Hajari Kaushik 9 Savant Yadav 9 Harichand 10 Asok sahu 10 Ramphal Kaushik 10 Mahendra Sahu 10 Ashok Dewangan 11 Domar/ Bisaru rawat 11 Bhuwneshwar 11 Ratanlal Sahu 11 Jagat ram Sinha 12 Santosh / Dashrath 12 Mahaveer Lodhi 12 Babul;al Sahu 12 Anklha Dewangan 13 Bhekhalal/ dashrath 13 Devraj Kaushik 13 Punitram Sahu 13 Tilesh Sahu 14 Feruram/Udal Rawat 14 Kedar Kaushik 14 Ohaegram sahu 14 SunderlalMandake 15 Ramuram/Belaram 15 Ramesh Kaushik 15 Brajlal Baghel 15 Dukhitram Dewangan 16 Shyamlal/Poluram 16 Ramta Kaushik 16 Punnibai Satnami 16 Vinod Yadav 17 Netram/Brijlal sahu 17 Uttam Kaushik 17 Chanderbai Satnami 17 Vishwanath Dewangan 18 Daulat/Makhan Sahu 18 Vanshilal Kaushik 18 Gngadas Sahu 18 Deenuram Yadav 19 Lalaram/Dayaram sahu 19 Bheem Kaushik 19 Padumdas Sahu 19 LilluramDas Khare 20 Mahetaru satnami 20 Bhusan Kaushik 20 Jeevanlal Sahu 20 Rajesh kumar Kahre 21 Lachhiram/Jhunau sahu 21 Ramkaran Kaushik 21 Rajulal Thakur 21 Premlal Dewangan 22 Omprakash /sitaram 22 Narottam Kumhar 22 Manojrao Thakur 22 Krishna Sharma 23 Narayan/Ramsingh 23 Chandresh Kaushik 23 Mukesh Sahu 23 Anand Sharma 24 Ishwar/Tularam Sahu 24 Netram Kaushik 24 Khorbehara Sahu 24 Guman Siju 25 Rekhabai/Krishnakuma 25 Angad Kaushik 25 Biseram Satnami 25 Rikhiran Dewangan 26 Krishnakumar 26 Vishnu Kaushik 26 Chetanlal Sahu 26 Laxmibai Sahu 27 Shikhar/Tularam Sahu 27 Ishwar Kaushik 27 Yugal Sahu 27 Indra bai Dewangan 28 Biselal/Shriram sahu 28 Vashudev Kaushik 28 Thansingh Thakur 28 Narayan Lal Sinha 29 Chhedilal/Jhunau sahu 29 Mehtar Kaushik 29 Soman Sahu 29 Kartik Dewangan 30 Kriparam/Thanwar 30 Ramkaran Kaushik 30 Devsharan Sahu 30 Horilal Satnami 31 Bharat/Suderam sahu 31 Ramadhar Kaushik 31 Bhuvan sahu 31 Ramdulr Sinha 32 Fuduram/Manglu Sahu 32 Rekhlal Kaushik 32 Tulsiram Sahu 32 Krishna Sinha 33 Bhagvati/Rameshwar 33 Ganpat Kaushik 33 Punaram Sahu 33 Chottu Ram Sahu 34 Rajju/Dakeshwar 34 Gaukaran Kaushik 34 Harandas Sahu 34 Punaram Sinha 35 Firatu/Udal Rawat 35 Kumar Kaushik 35 Okesh Baghel 35 Arjun Sahu 36 Sukher Nayak 36 Kamdev Kaushik 36 Neelam sahu 36 Premalal Sahu 37 Khorbahara/Gayaram 37 Suresh Kaushik 37 Manbodhi Sahu 37 Rekhalal Khare 38 Chetan/ Khorbahara 38 Harish Kaushik 38 Nemdas Sahu 38 Vishambhar Dewangan 39 Narendra/Devnath 39 Ramchandra 39 Omprakash Sahu 39 Kirtanlal Dewangan 40 Feja/Ramgopal verma 40 Devnath Kaushik 40 Nandkishor Sahu 40 BhiKhari Sahu 41 Fuluk/Bisaru Rawat 41 Amar Singh 41 Kamaldas Sahu 41 Amarsingh Sahu 42 Bisal/Nanku Sen (Nai) 42 Narad Ram 42 Jagaturam Sahu 42 Dharmendra Sahu 43 Rupdas/Shyamlal Sahu 43 Manrakhan 43 Harishchand Sahu 43 Bihari Banjare

45

44 Bhagat/Bodaram sahu 44 Madhur Lohar 44 Dhoorsingh Sahu 44 Vasudeo dewangan 45 Pachkaud/Banwali 45 Ishwar Kumahar 45 Goverdhan sahu 45 Durga Das Vaishnav 46 Dhannu/ Sewak Nayak 46 Mathura Dhurve 46 Keval Sahu 46 Ramkrishna Das 47 Chhabiram/Manrakhan 47 Sarita Kaushik 47 Hament Sahu 47 Rikhi Kumar Sinha 48 Milan/Bhukhau sahu 48 Murari Kaushik 48 Surendra Hirvani 48 Amaru Lal 49 Shatrughan/Sudarshan 49 Phagu Kaushik 49 Dukhit Raout 49 Dileep Sahu 50 Basant/Mehataru 50 Lala Ram Kaushik 50 Kheduram Sahu 50 Tejram Sahu 51 Santram/Mehtaru 51 Neelkanth Kaushik 51 Anjuram Thakur 51 Gopiram Dewangan 52 Nandkumar/Mehataru 52 Shivram Kaushik 52 Lekhram Thakur 52 Gopal Dewangan 53 Dayaprasad/Mukhram 53 Kanhiya Kumhar 53 Hament Sahu 53 Mahanguram 54 Guharam/Jhuragi sahu 54 Veera Lohar 54 Alakhuram Sahu 54 Mahettarram Dewangan 55 Mehataru/sakharam 55 Kanhiyalal Kaushik 55 Guharam Sahu 55 Rajesh Dewangan 56 Basanta/kartikram 56 Ramvatar Yadaw 56 Sumersingh Sahu 56 Chaitudas Banjare 57 Kartik/Jivrakhan 57 Narayan Yadaw 57 Vishnath Sahu 57 Ramgopal Sinha 58 Soncharan Mukhram 58 Rajendra Kaushik 58 Visarjan Sahu 58 Satish Sinha 59 Bhuwan/bhukhuram 59 Anjor das 59 Khoman Singh Sahu 59 Vishambhar Sinha 60 Jeevan/Bhukhuram 60 Shyam lal Kaushik 60 Hemkibai Sahu 60 Ramadhar sahu 61 Guhan/Bhukhuram 61 Shri Ram Kaushik 61 Sahdeo Sahu 61 Deenanath Dewangan 62 Rajesh/makhan sahu 62 Narayan Kaushik 62 Soman Singh 62 Puroshattam 63 Bannu/savuk nayak 63 Jayant Kumar 63 Kailash Kumar 63 Samarudas Manikpuri 64 Harichand/Jayram sahu 64 Ramanuj Kaushik 64 Shishupal Singh 64 Pritam Dewangan 65 Devnath/Jhaduram 65 Bihari Kaushik 65 Heeraman Sahu 65 Bans Dewangan 66 Prabhuram /Makhan 66 Shobhit Kaushik 66 GhanshyamSahu 66 Rameshar Yadav 67 Ramnarayan/Kisun 67 Jhulan Kaushik 67 Netram Sahu 67 Es Ram Sinha 68 Ramji/kisun sahu 68 Teerath Kaushik 68 Aklheen Sahu 68 Nandkishor Sinha 69 Rajendra/Kisun sahu 69 Ganesh Kaushik 69 Alakhram Sahu 69 Yanharan Sahu 70 Nandlal/Bisahu Rawat 70 Kumar Kaushik 70 Ghaniram Sahu 70 Javahar Sinha 71 Sukul/Chatur God 71 Shivcharan 71 Unmediram Sahu 71 Rukamani Sinha 72 Bhagiram/Chatur God 72 Tihari Kaushik 72 Sahdeoram Sahu 72 Deepak Sahu 73 Gaurishankar/kartik 73 Arun Kaushik 73 Lomas Sahu 73 Visouha Sinha 74 Ramlal/Dheeraj sahu 74 Bhagirathi Kaushik 74 Pradeep Vishwakarma 74 Kamala Bai Khare 75 Shyamlal/Belaram sahu 75 Komal Kaushik 75 Ramprasad Sahu 75 Kalaram Sahu 76 Vishnuprasad/Benuram 76 Gangaram Kumhar 76 Somdatt Sahu 76 Shivaram Sahu 77 Jamlal/Belaram sahu 77 Keshaw Kumhar 77 Deodharan Sahu 77 Narayan Sahu 78 Bhagvati/Thanwar sahu 78 Bharat Kaushik 78 Lankeshwer Sahu 78 Dinesh Kumar Sahu 79 Ramji/Kejuram nayak 79 Kedar Kaushik 79 Itwari Sahu Khapari 80 Ghasu/Jeevrakhan 80 Dwarika Kaushik 80 Khumhandas Sahu 79 Dayalu sinha 81 Ganesh/Pachkod nayak 81 Pawan Kaushik 81 Baishakhu Yadav 80 Hemat Lal 82 Paras/Pachkod nayak 82 Rangiram Kaushik 82 Khorbehara Sahu 81 Bhagvani 83 Shivcharan/Jairam sahu 83 Madhaw Kaushik 83 Prakash Sen 82 Bhuvan 84 Panchram/Jairam sahu 84 Paluram Kaushik 84 Maharaji Sahu 83 Budharu 85 Giruram/Ramsingh 85 Baldau Kaushik 85 Khileshwari Sahu 84 Nimma sinha 86 Keshoram/Hiraram 86 Hariram Kaushik 86 Harishchand Sahu 85 Narotam 87 Gajanand/Hiraram sahu 87 Joru Patel 87 Balram Sahu 86 Ramrtan 88 Sarswatibai/raghuram 88 Gunu Kaushik 88 Basant Sahu 87 Hemu 89 Parniyabai/Dashrath 89 Bahlu Dhurve 89 Lakhan Sahu 88 Hira Lal 90 Dili/baratu satnami 90 Seeta Ram Kaushik 90 Yashavant Sahu 89 Mulchand 91 Shantibai/dashrath sahu 91 Dhannu 91 Ramesh Sahu 90 Shyam Lal 92 Kantibai/devnath sahu 92 Mohan Lodhi 92 Bhagvat Nirmalkar 91 Samaru 93 Narayan Dewangan 93 Suresh Kaushik 93 Santosh Sahu 92 Sota 94 Rupchand Dewangan 94 Motram Kaushik 94 Rama Sahu 93 Harirokar 95 Bhuneswar/samelal 95 Jotram Kaushik 95 Purendra Sahu 94 Hori Lal 96 Vasudev/kuleswar sahu 96 Jai prakash 96 Rambhagat Sahu 95 Ganga Ram 97 Parvati/janak sahu 97 Narayan Kaushik 97 Derharam Sahu 96 JahJeet 98 Anand /asharam sahu 98 Narayan 98 Sevaram sahu 97 Naryan Chandravanshi

46

99 Girvar/ramsingh sahu 99 Bharat Kaushik 99 Dehar Lal Sahu 98 Hira Lal 100 Roshan Sahu 100 Thaneshwar Tiwari 100 Chandraprabha Sahu 99 Ram Kumar 101 Aaskaran 101 Ramanuj Kaushik 101 Rohit Sahu 100 Kumbhat Nishad Elda 102 Pyarelal Kaushik 102 Nirbhay Nirmalkar 101 Shankarlal Maheshwari

102 Biharilal/Manrakhan 103 Arjun 103 Nirmal Das Sahu 102 Shivkumar Bharti 103 Chintamani/biharilal 104 Santosh Kaushik 104 Pritam Sahu 103 Thakurdas Sahu 104 Manrakhan/Bakhariya 105 Milan Kaushik 105 Poshan Sahu 104 Keshav Chandravanshi 105 Ramu/Firanta sahu 106 Peetambar Kaushik 106 Omprakash Thakur 105 Heeralal Chandravanshi 106 Bismat/ramu sahu 107 Bodhram Kaushik 107 Mannu Ram 106 Satyaprakash Singh 107 Domarsingh/ramu sahu 108 Ramrup 108 Roshan Lal Sahu 107 Hemlal 108 Prabhuram/Johan sahu 109 Suresh Kaushik 109 Jayprakash Sahu 108 Manoj Chandravanshi 109 Johan dheevar 110 Bhagwani Kaushik 110 Punu Ram Thakur 109 Panchlal 110 Jobi dhivar 111 Khedu Ram 111 Arjun Singh 110 Indal Sahu 111 Darbari/mansingh sahu 112 Gangaram Kaushik 112 Umeshwar Sahu 111 Manohar 112 Chammanlal/darbari 113 Sobhnath Kaushik 113 Hira Bai Sahu 112 Narayan 113 Bhuwan/budhram 114 Krishna Kaushik 114 Narayan Sahu 113 Hemu Chandravanshi 114 Janki/Bhuneswar 115 Ramchandra 115 Goha Ram Sahu 114 Shantaram 115 Ramsingh/nandu sahu 116 Radhey Kaushik 116 Narmada Prashad Sahu 115 Bhagvat Sahu 116 Brijbai/ramsingh sahu 117 Bharat Kaushik 117 Sarda Prashad Sahu 116 Khemchand Nishad 117 Santram/mansingh 118 Dukhiya Bai 118 Nilam Singh 117 Virendra Kanwer 118 Toran /santram sahu 119 Ramkaran Kaushik 119 Rajaram Sahu 118 Mansharam Kanwer 119 Mantram/mansingh 120 Prabhu Kaushik 120 Lakesh Kumar 119 Govind Kanwer 120 Mohan/mantram sahu 121 Chaitur Kaushik 121 Narottam Sahu 120 Yogendra Kumar 121 Parshuram/shivprasad 122 Sadhu Ram 122 Khuman Singh Sahu 121 Suresh Yadav 122 Ramlal/bisal kannoje 123 Lakhan lal 123 Hirdey Ram Sahu 122 Pardeshi Ram Sahu 123 Parasram/shivprasad 124 Vishram Kaushik 124 Raju Raut 123 Manharan Sahu 124 Govind/agrahit sahu 125 Puran Shrivas 125 Vishnu Yadav 124 Bhushan Sahu 125 Saradhu/tijarm dhivar 126 Rupchandra 126 Sanja Kumar 125 Surendra Sahu 126 Ramakant/awadhesh 127 Ram prawesh 127 Bhushan Sahu 126 Chaggun Sahu 127 Awdhesh/loknath 128 Awadh Kaushik 128 Kripal Sahu 127 Dhanesh Dewangan 128 Bahudabai/feruprasad 129 Santu Kaushik 129 Romlal Sahu 128 Lakhan Ram 129 Surajbai/jagdish mehar 130 Krishna Kaushik 130 Hriday Ram Madavi Khaira 130 Ashok/shyamlal sen 131 Dhruv Kumar 131 Rikhi Ram Sahu 129 Basant Sinha 131 Pitamber/mangalram 132 Shivkaran Kaushik 132 Sohada Bai 130 Pramod Sinha 132 Chaituram/shyamu 133 Avil Kaushik 133 Ghanshyam Sahu 131 Sanjay Kumar Sinha 133 Rajuram/bulawaram/sa 134 Kundan Kaushik 134 Prem Lal Sahu 132 Chandrika Prasad 134 Kriparam/lalaram 135 Sushil Kaushik 135 Kwaru Raut 133 Homdatt Sinha 135 Vijay/kriparam baghel 136 Praksh Kaushik 136 Paramvati Bai 134 Dayalu ram 136 Bhagatram/suklal 137 Uttam Kaushik 137 Nohar Singh 135 Parsadiram Sinha 137 Mantram /bholaram 138 Shiv Kaushik 138 Gajendra Kumar 136 Santkumar Verma 138 Nakul/dular sahu 139 Dashrath Kaushik 139 Bhuneshwar Sahu 137 Aajuram Sinha 139 Chhadayram/faguwa 140 Anand Kaushik 140 Tameshwar Prashad 138 Ashok Sinha 140 Baran/Bodhi dhivar 141 Dashrath Dhurve 141 Tijau Ram Thakur 139 Samliya Ram 141 Ratan/rarudh dhivar 142 Gaukaran 142 Purshottam Sahu 140 Panchuram Sinha 142 Feruram/neelkanth 143 Kanwal Kaushik Deori 141 Jasvant Kumar

143 Kanhaiya/dular sahu 144 Gajadhar Kaushik 143 Rajulal Sahu 142 Jhagaruram Sinha 144 Bislal/paltu sahu 145 Mannu Kaushik 144 Kaoshal Sahu 143 Purushattam Sinha 145 Ramesh/bislal sahu 146 Mathura Kaushik 145 Gopal Singh 144 Devsingh Sinha 146 Chandrakant 147 Visambhar Kaushik 146 Gambhir Singh Thakur 145 Jeevrakhan Sinha 147 Rukhamani/nandkishor 148 Budhu Kaushik 147 Bablu Sahu 146 Churavan Sinha 148 Domarsingh 149 Mehatar Kaushik 148 Dvarika Chandraker 147 Ramratan Yadav 149 Amoli/siyaram sen 150 Jagdeesh Kaushik 149 Jaipal Sahu 148 Budharuram Verma 150 Santram/siyaram sen 151 Mahaveer Kumhar 150 Govind Ram Sahu 149 Derharam Verma 151 Charan/ramji sahu 152 Teerath Ram 151 Vishrami Thakur 150 Thagiyabai

47

152 Netram/latel sahu 153 Tilak Ram Kaushik 152 Ramlal Sahu 151 Parmanand Das 153 Deepak/latel sahu 154 Ramjas Kaushik 153 Durbasa Singh 152 Pitamber Sinha 154 Rajauram/ramvishal 155 Hema ram Kaushik 154 Lave Singh 153 Mangaturam Verma 155 Raju/.ramvishal sahu 156 Itwari ram bodhi 155 Gokul Sahu 154 Vankumar 156 Chovaram/gaindu sahu 157 Jasdev 156 Bharoshi Lal Sahu 155 Lalitram Verma 157 Tikaram/gaindu sahu 158 Nakul Kaushik 157 Yogesh Kumar 156 Shivbati Verma 158 Heme/gaindu sahu 159 Sukhnanadan 158 Anjor Singh Sahu 157 Goutamdas Verma 159 Bismat/udayram sahu 160 Sahadev Lodhi 159 Tijau Ram 158 Udal ram Verma 160 Gainduram/tetkuram 161 Mahesh Shrivas 160 Bhushan Lal 159 Chetandas Verma 161 Mehataru/kejau sahu 162 Vijay Kaushik 161 Goutam Sahu 160 Leeladhar Verma 162 Mahettar/kejau sahu 163 Bhaimu Kaushik 162 Mohan Narhar 161 Chandruram Verma 163 Baratu/kejau sahu 164 Bodhiram Kaushik 163 Ramkrishna 162 Fagguram Verma 164 Dwarika/luturam 165 Rikhi Kaushik 164 Dilip Chandraker 163 Munnibai Verma 165 Sahdev/dularram sahu 166 Panchram Nishad 165 Ram Bhati Chandraker 164 Shivkumar Sinha 166 Sundaru/sukalu dhivar 167 Ramvatar 166 Keja Bai Chandraker 165 Bhushanlal Singh 167 Santosh/shyamlal sen 168 Jahara ram Kaushik 167 Bharti Chandraker 166 Nirmal Kumar Sinha 168 Ramavtar/nandu yadav 169 Ramphal Kaushik 168 Basant Chandraker 167 Chunnilal Sinha 169 Manohar/laxman 170 Santosh 169 Harishankar 168 Devdatt Verma 170 Durga/gajanand lohar 171 Ramvilash 170 Santram 169 Omraj Sinha 171 Punau/khorbahara sahu 172 Kumar singh 171 Manrakhan 170 Sukhchainy sinha 172 Manharan/khorbahara 173 Jeevan 172 Uday Ram Sahu 171 Kheduram Verma 173 Ghanaram/khorbahara 174 Ghadihar 173 Kalendri Sahu 172 Gangaram Sinha 174 Rajau/bagas dhivar 175 Uttam Kaushik 174 Kamal Chandraker 173 Vrindavanlal Sinha 175 Premshankar/jagdev 176 Ramanuj Kaushik 175 Bahel Singh 174 Davendra singh 176 Hiralal/jantu kannoje 177 Amrit Singh 176 Ganesh Ram Sahu 175 Meerabai Sinha 177 Babulal /motilal 178 Ramphal Kaushik 177 Parmeshwar Das 176 Mansingh Sinha 178 Ghasiram/guvaram 179 Vashudev Kaushik 178 Murli Kumar 177 Kunjulal Sinha 179 Bhagela/chhunnuram 180 Ramrup Kaushik 179 Mahendra Kumar 178 Chandrikabai Sinha 180 Punitram/ghaniram 181 Sipahi 180 Meghnath Sahu 179 Premudas Sinha 181 Kanhaiya/bagas dhivar 182 Sukhram 181 Dhal Singh Sahu 180 Hariram Goud 182 Sitaram/dayaram sahu 183 Kamal 182 Jagdish Sahu 181 Ramprasad Yadav 183 Chovaram/chherku 184 Viradh Kaushik 183 Raj Kumar Sahu 182 Parmeshwer Verma 184 Rajaram/faguwa sahu 185 Laxman 184 Gajanand Sahu 183 Praduman Verma 185 Khuduram/parasram 186 Bhagwat Ram 185 Mahendra Kumar 184 Phirturam Verma 186 Tiharu/siyaram sen 187 Somnath 186 Jethu Ram Sahu 185 Balmukund Verma 187 Makhan/palturam sahu 188 Pitambar 187 Nahar Singh 186 Dharmendra Verma 188 Bhagwani/ramvishal 189 Bihari lal 188 Shyam Sundar Sahu 187 Aswan Verma 189 Tikaram/bhukhan 190 Ramkumar 189 Manthir Lal Sahu Antyanawagaon 190 Thukel/ramdayal 191 Vishnu Kumar 190 Hemant Kumar Sahu 188 Jageshar Thakur 191 Bhgatram/kejuram 192 Ganga Ram 191 Khubchand Sahu 189 Lala Verma 192 Rajaram/budhram 193 Manharan Kaushik 192 Rewaram Sahu 190 Prabhuram Verma 193 Tulasi/budhram mehar 194 Narsingh Gond 193 Budharu Ram 191 Chhotelal Verma 194 Hiraram/budhram 195 Raju Kaushik 194 Narendra Kumar 192 Shailendra Sen 195 Hemshankar/manbodh 196 Anil Rajpoot 195 Jamvant Sahu 193 Shadanan Verma 196 Sirubai/jairam mehar 197 Parash ram Kumhar 196 Gulab Sahu 194 Lochan Verma 197 Jhulbati/manbodh 198 Bodhan ram Patel 197 Girish Thakur 195 Narayan Verma 198 Kunjram/ramvishal 199 Chandrika Kaushik 198 Ishwar 196 Yogesh Verma 199 Mahadev/baldev sahu 200 Awadh Kaushik 199 Chumman Singh 197 Chandresh Verma 200 Ishwari/Baldew sahu 201 Antram Kaushik 200 Mahettar Ram 198 Bhunaram Lodhi 201 Manuulal/filsingh sahu 202 Ramlochan 201 Deelip Kumar 199 Phagguram Verma 202 Narayan/fulsingh sahu 203 Vikram Singh 202 Chhannu Ram 200 Ramkishun Thakur 203 Ramswarup/fulsingh 204 Meena Bai Kaushik 203 Kheman Lal 201 Pavan Kumar Verma 204 Vishram/jhadiram 205 Anjor Nirmalkar 204 Suresh Kumar 202 Mohanlal Thakur 205 Mayaram/samaru 206 Janki Bai Kaushik 205 Deo kumar Sahu 203 Veersingh Thakur 206 Beniram/balduram 207 Vaishakhu ram 206 Khilavan Ram Sahu 204 Bhesham lal Verma

48

207 Samaru/jagdev sahu 208 Saran kumar 207 Suresh Sahu 205 Mohan Verma 208 Dhelbati/samaru sahu 209 Ramchandra 208 Makhan Sahu 206 Ramji Verma 209 Bhaiyaram/bisauha 210 Rampratap Kaushik 209 Suresh Kumar Sahu 207 Goverdhan Thakur 210 Kunjuram/fulsingh 211 Ramkumar 210 Kesh Lal Sahu 208 Bhanupratap Verma 211 Rambha/kunjuram sahu 212 Janwali ram 211 Kushal 209 Shivlal Verma 212 Bisauha/shyamlal sahu 213 Ramswarup 212 Seshnarayan 210 Ishwer Verma 213 Sagun/bhuneshwar 214 Khelawan Kumar 213 Domar Singh 211 Umrao Verma 214 Bodhandas/parandas 215 Balram Nirmalkar 214 Rajendra Kumar 212 Panna Verma 215 Manoj/bisalik dhivar 216 Sanum kaushik 215 Bhupendra Singh 213 Sudama Verma 216 Ghanaram/bhukhau 217 Vishram 216 Bhanu Pratap Sahu 214 Subhas Verma 217 Dwarka/abhayaram 218 Mannu Kumhar 217 Suryaprakash Sahu 215 Vivek Verma 218 Khilawan/abhayram 219 Vishal Kaushik 218 Lahor Deshmukh 216 Chndresh Verma 219 Hirau/abhayaram sahu 220 Vijay kumar 219 Satanand Sahu 217 Khemu Ram Verma 220 Atmaram/jagatram 221 Awadh ram 220 Khemlal Sahu 218 Narhar Verma 221 Ishwarprasad/kodau 222 Ramadhar Kaushik 221 Deodhar Sahu 219 Sunder Verma 222 Kunnulal/Plulsingh 223 Awadh ram 222 Unmed Singh 220 Ganesh Verma 223 Ganeshram 224 Panch ram Kaushik Devgahen 221 Netram sahu

224 Maheshram/Bisauhara 225 Kawal ram Kaushik 223 Gulam Sahu 222 Pitamber Verma 225 Khorbahara/Ghondule 226 Jodhuram Yadaw 224 Manthir Sinha 223 Kunjilal Verma 226 Letel/Phulsingh Sahu 227 Siyaram Kaushik 225 Uday Ram Gaod 224 Dhananjay Sahu 227 Omprakash sahu 228 Shiv Kumar 226 Poshu Ram Kawar 225 Nammuram Verma Chhadia 229 Gaukaran Kumar 227 Dular Kawar Makrandpur 228 Vijay/shyamlal verma 230 Ashok Kaushik 228 Khedu Ram Kawar 226 Kirtan Sonwani 229 Laxmansingh/shyamlal 231 Ram Prasad 229 Parash Kawar 227 Ishwer Agrawal 230 Lalit/taturam verma 232 Bahara ram 230 Monu Ram 228 Kanhaiya Sinha 231 Tikaram/sundarlal 233 Narayan Prasad 231 Tikam Sahu 229 Ganeshlal Agrawal 232 Chandrika/sundarlal 234 Sudarshan Kaushik 232 Deelip Sahu 230 Manharan Sahare 233 Amardas/sundarlal 235 Suresh Kumar 233 Khemu Ram Yadav 231 Jhadu Sinha 234 Harakram/lekharam 236 Chaviraj Kaushik 234 Ram Kumar Singh 232 Kaluram Sinha 235 Bhesh/lekhram 237 Bhojram Kaushik 235 Urmila Sahu 233 Sushiolal Sinha 236 Dinesh/shyamlal verma 238 Sukhwati Kaushik 236 Teku Ram Kawar 234 Ramhu Sinha 237 Devnarayan/shyamlal 239 Bahoran Kaushik 237 Patit Sinha 235 Ramchandra sinha 238 Manoj/shyamlal verma 240 Laxman Yadaw 238 Kalaram Kawar 236 Mahendra Sinha 239 Ashok/ghughuram 241 Kachra bai Kaushik 239 Ram Say Kawar 237 Gangaram Sinha 240 Budhuram/ratanram 242 Ashok Kaushik 240 Nohar Thakur 238 Lodhiram Sinha 241 Chandrabali/Purru 243 Ram Iswar Kaushik 241 Domar Manikpuri 239 Tikesh Agrawal 242 Samliya/bulluram 244 Balram Kaushik 242 Labhu Ram Kawar 240 Samey Agrawal 243 Chheduram tandon 245 Ganpat Kaushik 243 Minu Ram Gaod 241 Komal Agrawal 244 Usha/chhedan tandon 246 Harilal Pande 244 Lokesh Vishwakarma 242 Latesh Agrawal 245 Saukelal/budharuram 247 Ramadhar Kumhar 245 Jageshwar 243 Ishwer Agrawal 246 Reshambai/budharuera 248 Uttara Kaushik 246 Bharat Kawar 244 Bihari Sinha 247 Durgesh/ramdayal 249 Leeladhar Kaushik 247 Parta Sahu 245 Tejlal Sinha 248 Pawan/aasharam 250 Ranjeet Patre 248 Chowa ram Sahu 246 Chandra Kumar 249 Vishnu/firan verma 251 Chawania Bai 249 Balram Gaod 247 Govindram 250 Ramnath/jageshar 252 Manohar 250 Bhuleshwar Sahu 248 Tumanlal Sinha 251 Keduram/harakhram 253 Gangaram 251 Ganga Thetawar 249 Suresh Sinha 252 Kishor/vishal verma 254 Keshaw 252 Lamesh Kumar 250 Narhar Sahare 253 Bhagvat/kanhaiya 255 Mahaveer 253 Domeshwar Sahu 251 Phaguram Sinha 254 Kirit/chandrika verma Singhari 254 Tikesh Kawar 252 Topsingh Sinha

255 Pileshwar/kanhaiya 256 Jagdeesh 255 Kapil Bareth 253 Tameshar Sinha 256 Nakul/purushottam 257 Ramayan Verma 256 Moradwaj 254 Itwari Sinha 257 Surendra/arjun verma 258 Narayan Verma 257 Mithlesh Sahu 255 Budharu ram 258 Taran/khorbahara 259 Tihari Ram Odarsakari 256 Ashok Sinha

259 Pyarelal/puranik verma 260 Nebal Ram 258 Shivkumar Satnami 257 Prahlad Sahare

49

260 Chhabiram/pyarelal 261 Ram Prasad 259 Amrikabai Halba 258 Dhandhuram Sinha 261 Balaram/pyrelal verma 262 Baluk Ram 260 Mohan Badle 259 Hament Sinha 262 Netram/pyrelal verma 263 Sundar Singh 261 Rikhiram Sahu 260 Latmar Sinha 263 Shankar/darbari verma 264 Mangal Singh 262 Kamta prasad Sahu 261 Revaram Sinha 264 Bharat/shankarlal 265 Narendra Singh 263 Rajesh Deshmukh 262 Brijlal sinha 265 Angad/shishram 266 Lukau Ram 264 Punabai Dewangan 263 Jagaturam Sinha 266 Shishram/ratiram 267 Mani Ram 265 Hirderam Deshmukh 264 Dhashuram Sinha 267 Tulsiram/ratiram 268 Bhagwani Ram 266 Tejram Gadariya 265 Lakshman Sinha 268 Kunti/bharat verma 269 Samali bai Singh 267 Haldhar Gadariya 266 Amit sahare 269 Onkar/pyrelal verma 270 Makhan Singh 268 Rahit Kumar Dewangan Bamhani 270 Kriparam/chovaram 271 Panch Ram 269 Suresh Batale 267 Lakhan Soni 271 Ganesh/siyaram verma 272 Banjari Ram 270 Dileep Batle 268 Motiram Yadav 272 Paras/siyaram verma 273 Jageshwar 271 Kamata Batle 269 Soniya Kapar 273 Salik/sukhiram verma 274 Latel ram 272 Tulsiram Gaod 270 Kailash Yadav Beltukari 275 Ashok 273 Tribhuvan Lal 271 Jitendra Dewangan

274 Baladram/Janakram 276 Meghnath 274 Bhushan Sinha 272 Pheruram Kanwer 275 Baliram /Janakram 277 Mehtar Ram 275 Seetaram Thakur 273 Heeruram Kapar 276 Dukaluram/Janakram 278 Sehatar 276 Kunjram Deshmukh 274 BhupendraManikpuri 277 Ganeshram/Janakram 279 Rama 277 Bhagirathi Deshmukh Dhangaon 278 Janakram/Jivanlal 280 Laxman 278 Dagendra Dhankar 275 Pahupsingh Goud 279 Someshkumar 281 Latel 279 Ramnarayan Dhankar 276 Ramratan Sahu 280 Manikram/ Naindas 282 Gham singh 280 Bhagwan Singh Thakur 277 Lakhan Goud 281 Sujit/ Naindas tandon 283 Shiv Prasad 281 Pavan Yadav 278 Dhanendra Goud 282 Ishwarlal/ daulal 284 Jalesh 282 Chetan Yadav 279 Phaguram Goud 283 Ichchha/ Daulal tandon 285 Man Singh 283 Mayashankar Yadav 280 Shyamdas Thakur 284 Smt. Sakila/Ishwar Saliha 284 Ravishankar Yadav 281 Chetan Dewangan

285 Smt. Raghuvir 286 Sohan Nath Yogi 285 Ghanshyam Sahu 282 Ramvilas Goud 286 Ramu/ Dhansingh 287 Bala Nath Yogi 286 Laxminarayan Yadav 283 Mayaram Thakur 287 Netram/ Dhansingh 288 Neel Nath Yogi 287 Sourabh Yadav 284 Sukhitram Dewangan 288 Ramlal/ Dhansingh 289 Kewal Manikpuri 288 Saket Yadav 285 Bhukhan Sahu 289 Shyam/ Dhansingh 290 Ramnath Yogi 289 Vijay Yadav 286 Rajendra Chhadaiya 290 Daulatram/ Govardhan 291 Gaukaran Nath 290 Bhuneshwer Yadav 287 Bakhariya Sahu 291 Shivdayal/ Govardhan 292 Laxman Nath 291 Bhushanlal Yadav 288 Rameshar Sahu 292 Mannulal/ Ramlal 293 Rohit Yogi 292 Kanhaiya Lal Sahu 289 Tulsiram sahu 293 Ramesh/ Premdas 294 Ganesh Markam Kachandur 290 Ganesh Ram Sahu

294 Ganesh/ Phulsingh 295 Ramesh Das 293 Panchram Chandraker Tolagaon 295 Puranla/ Premdas 296 Gaurav Lal 294 Mitthu Lal Chandraker 291 Visheshar das sahu 296 Durgesh/ Ishwar 297 Sukhdev 295 Falguni Chandraker 292 Khorbeharin Bai 297 Smt. Sonabai/ Daulal 298 Piyush Netam 296 Kamta Prashad 293 Pileswerdas Sahu 298 Ajit/ Manikram 299 Ayush Netam 297 Johan Lal 294 Kunwerdas Sahu 299 Dwarka/ Ichchharam 300 Arvind Mishra 298 Sukhadev Chandraker 295 Avandas Sahu 300 Ankit/ Ichchharam 299 Kedar Chandraker 296 Kuntibai Sahu 301 Smt. Jagarbai/ Bijlal 300 Dulari Bai 297 Shekhar Sahu 302 Mukesh/ Ichchharam 298 Komaldas Sahu

303 Suresh/ Shyamratan 299 Nagendra Das Sahu

304 Ashok/ Shyamratan 300 Mahendra Sahu

305 Shatruhan/ Shyamratan 306 Santosh/ Shyamratan 307 Chhagan/ Ramratan 308 Ugrasen/ Ramratan 309 Jaychand/ Ramratan 310 Sonchand/ Ramlal

50

311 Kamalnarayan 312 Ishukumar/ Balmukund 313 Ramratan/ Santu 314 Raju/ Santu Mehar 315 Styaprakash Sen 316 Netram/ sadhuram 317 Devendra Tikariha 318 Tikendra Tikariha 319 Vaman Tikariha 320 Falin Tikariha 321 Jitendra Tikariha 322 Raju Yadav 323 Ishu Tikariha Total 323 300 300 300

51

State: Madhya Pradesh

S.No Jabalpur S.No Satna S.No Rewa S.No Damoh





Berkheda Gunchahai Amilki Parsawaha 1 Chokhelal Jhariya 1 Balmukund 1 Baijnath singh 1 Gokaal/ Ranjeet 2 Mekhram Jhariya 2 Bhargvendra singh 2 Lallu patel 2 Ummade Singh 3 Komal Prasad 3 Bhuneshwar prasad 3 Jugalkishore saket 3 Nannuram/ Mullu 4 Gopal Prasad 4 Bisheshvari prasad 4 Ramkalesh patel 4 Ramsingh 5 Dhansu lal Jhariya 5 Brijesh ku.tiwari 5 Ramesh patel 5 Kashiram/ Magan 6 Reva Prasad 6 Chakradhar prasad 6 Swamideen patel 6 Chhitar Singh 7 Rajju lal Jhariya 7 Chandrabhan singh 7 Ramsiya patel 7 Sudan Singh 8 Silochana Bai 8 Chhakoudi pal 8 Kiran singh patel 8 Imarat/ Gopal 9 Sunderiya Bai 9 Dheeraj sharma 9 Ramashrey kol 9 Makhan Singh 10 Pramod Kumar 10 Faluwa pal 10 Mahendra pal patel 10 Ramkishan/ Karan 11 Gam Lal Jhariya 11 Fuljhariya 11 Rajjan patel 11 Dhanprasad 12 Ansuiya Bai 12 Gajendra singh 12 Anil patel 12 Rajaram/ Darbari 13 Chedlal Jhariya 13 Gokulpal 13 Ramchandra patel 13 Sahab Singh 14 Silochana Bai Jhariya 14 Indraprasad 14 Virendra patel 14 Rooplal/ Dhunde 15 Mahilal Jhariya 15 Ishwardin 15 Lalman saket 15 Rambihari 16 Santram Jhariya 16 Kamlesh bahadur 16 Sukhlal patel 16 Bhagirath/ Jeevan 17 Bani Prasad Jhariya 17 Kamlesh singh 17 Ajay singh Patel 17 Shikharchand 18 Kiladi Ram Jhariya 18 Kamta singh 18 Mulai patel 18 Rajesh/ Shikherchand 19 Prabhu lal Jhariya 19 Kunti devi 19 Umendra patel 19 Shivkumar 20 Nibbu lal Jhariya 20 Mahendra bahadur 20 Santosh patel 20 Ratan/ Devendra 21 Mahesh Prasad 21 Manvendra singh 21 Ramsumiran yadav 21 Kishore Singh 22 Arjun Prasad 22 Mukesh payasi 22 Ramesh patel 22 Bhagunt Singh 23 Uma Prasad Jhariya 23 P.k.payasi 23 Abhey Shankar patel 23 Hariram/ Khilli 24 Jaher lal Jhariya 24 Prashant singh 24 Rambhakt patel 24 Dan Singh 25 Bisan lal Jhariya 25 Pratibha singh 25 Ramkishore patel 25 Gulab Singh 26 Ramlal Jhariya 26 Pushpasingh 26 Bhagwandeen patel 26 Nirbhay 27 Guru Prasad Jhariya 27 Pushpendra singh 27 Ravi shrivastava 27 Ummed Singh 28 Chhunu lal Jhariya 28 Raghvendra singh 28 Lalmani saket 28 Jalam Singh 29 Son Bai Jhariya 29 Rajendra bahadur 29 Ramkalesh saket 29 Kusum bai 30 Naresh Prasad 30 Rajesh payasi 30 Narendra patel 30 Murat Singh 31 Mangal Prasad 31 Rajkumar 31 Suman patel 31 Pancham Singh 32 Lakhan lal 32 Rajnish singh 32 Shyamkali patel 32 Sheela Bai/ Munna 33 Ravi lal Jhariya 33 Ramkailash 33 Bhupendra patel 33 Dhanprsad/ Nannu 34 Santu lal Jhariya 34 ramlal 34 Purshottam singh 34 Rajaram/ Khunsai 35 Munna lal Jhariya 35 Ramvishwas 35 Shivsagar patel 35 Suk Singh 36 Dilip Jhariya 36 Saroj payasi 36 Santosh patel 36 Mahesh Singh 37 Maya Bai Jhariya 37 Satendra bahadur 37 Rajesh saket 37 Bharat/ Hari Singh 38 Jano Bai Jhariya 38 Satminiya 38 Hariom shrivastava 38 Rajendra /Munna 39 Manoj Jhariya 39 Shankerlal 39 Pawan shukla 39 Man Singh 40 Santosh Kumar 40 Shivraj prajapati 40 Rajesh singh 40 Mohan Singh 41 Namchand 41 Shyam sunder 41 Ramnath saket 41 Sunderlal/ Munn lal 42 Gomti Bai 42 Siddhan singh 42 Ajay patel 42 Kalu Singh 43 Haweye lal 43 Sukhendra bahadur 43 Bhaiyalal saket 43 Tarachand/ Munnalal 44 Munna lal Jhariya 44 Sukhlalpal 44 Rammilan saket 44 Sarman/ Khuindi

52

45 Halku Ram 45 Udaybhan singh 45 Shyamlal gautam 45 Durjan Singh 46 Jagdeesh Jhariya 46 Uma prasad payasi 46 Balmik Prasad 46 Emarat Singh 47 Bhadilal Jhariya 47 Umadevi 47 Ramavtar patel 47 Khemchand 48 Dhura lal Jhariya 48 Usha devi 48 Ramkripal patel 48 Lakhanlal 49 Omti Bai Jhariya 49 Vinod singh 49 Ramlakhan patel 49 Barantu/ Phagu 50 Munna lal Jhariya 50 Vishambhar prasad 50 Chakradhar patel 50 Jagdish Singh 51 Parasram Jhariya Naibasti Jamudi 51 Bhagwandeen patel 51 Sahab Singh

52 Prakash Jhariya 51 Achhelal 52 Ramnarayan patel 52 Ghurke Singh 53 Rukmani Bai 52 Babulal 53 Ramgopal patel 53 Hargovind/ Bhurelal 54 Imla Bai Jhariya 53 Badku kol 54 Mahendra patel 54 Bhagchand/ lalchand 55 Krishana Bai 54 Badr 55 Ramsingh patel 55 Govind/ ummed 56 Gupte lal Jhariya 55 Bhagwan din 56 Pushpraj patel 56 Tulsabai 57 Rupa bai Jhariya 56 Bhaiya lal 57 Balmik Prasad patel 57 Uttam Singh 58 Shilpa Bai Jhariya 57 Bihari 58 Ramsajivan patel 58 Kallobai 59 Suklal Jhariya 58 Biharilal 59 Ramprasad patel 59 Kamala/ Rubaiya 60 Pavan lal 59 Bitan 60 Ramayan Prasad 60 Khajji Singh 61 Jugri lal Jhariya 60 Brijnandan subnama 61 Nandkishore patel 61 Hukam 62 Ashish Jhariya 61 Chunkaman 62 Ramnaresh patel 62 Khilan Singh 63 Lammu lal 62 Gayaprasad 63 Luvkumar patel 63 Maharaj Singh 64 Rajendra Prasad 63 Kinhi 64 Ramchandra patel 64 Kamalabai Singh 65 Sugreev Prasad 64 Krishna pal 65 Brijmohan gautam 65 Tulsabai Singh 66 Vijay Kumar 65 Laxman 66 Santosh kumar saket Jamnera 67 Kalu Ram Jhariya 66 Mahesh 67 Mahesh patel 66 Hukakm singh 68 Nabba lal 67 Mansukhlal 68 Rajbhaan yadav 67 Santosh / Ganpat 69 Sangeeta Bai 68 Nannhu 69 Virendra pandey 68 Dharmendr/ Ujyar 70 Somilal 69 Pardesi 70 Amar patel 69 Narayan 71 Dujiya Bai 70 Premlal 71 Pradeep saket 70 Mulam / Raghuvar 72 Kamlal Jhariya 71 Ram jas 72 Tilakdhari patel 71 Nannhe singh 73 Maya Bai 72 Ram milan 73 Shailendra dahiya 72 Prem Rani / Ujayar 74 Ramlal Jhariya 73 Rantosh 74 Sobhnath chaudhary 73 Sukhchain/ Dalpat 75 Gomti Bai Jhariya 74 Rampal 75 Mahesh patel 74 Jalam singh 76 Manoj Kumar Baragi 75 Ramadhar baijnath 76 Shakuntala mishra 75 Tarvar singh 77 Balkrishan 76 Ramai 77 Saraswati mishra 76 Durag singh 78 Harilal Jhariya 77 Ramdev 78 Raju patel 77 Jahar singh 79 Prakash Jhariya 78 Ramdhani 79 Rinku dahiya 78 Halle /Bakhet singh 80 Lammbhu lal Jhariya 79 Ramdulare 80 Ramniwas patel 79 Lal singh 81 Vijay lal Jhariya 80 Ramkaran 81 Harinandan patel 80 Babblu/ Tarver 82 Santulal Jhariya 81 Ramkhilavan 82 Jagdish patel 81 Nonibai/ Veerendra Duda 82 Ramkishan 83 Sabhachatur patel 82 Harbal singh

83 Amru Singh 83 Ramkripal 84 Brijendra patel 83 Mangal singh 84 Sumerelal 84 Ramkumar 85 Rajjan devi patel 84 Hallu/ Karan singh 85 Sukhchen 85 Ramkushal 86 Bhanvati saket 85 Munn Singh 86 Sukhdev 86 Ramlakhan 87 Upendra patel 86 Satendra/ Devesingh 87 Manoher Singh 87 Raj kumari 88 Surendra patel 87 Narbad /Karan singh 88 Batto bai 88 Chandramani mishra 89 Brijkishore mishra 88 Shankar singh 89 Dhura lal 89 Ajay mishra 90 Brijendra satnami 89 Khilan/ Briajlal 90 Kamal Singh 90 Arti 91 Shivbahor saket 90 Ramji/ Shankar 91 Sahju Singh 91 Tirath prasad 92 Shivbalak patel 91 Bhahadur/ Khilan 92 Samnu Singh 92 Sandeep 93 Umesh mishr 92 Munim/ Karan singh 93 Amer Singh 93 Vijay 94 Harihar Prasad patel 93 Chidami singh 94 Pallu Singh 94 Dayaram 95 Vishvanath patel 94 Bhole singh 95 Guljar Singh 95 Azmi khan 96 Ramraj patel 95 Jagannath/ dayal 96 Kilash Prasad 96 Maqbool ahmed 97 Manraju patel 96 Hariram/ Darbari 97 Tajbahadur Singh 97 Mahendra singh 98 Kaushal patel 97 Narayan /Achhelal

53

98 Manak lal 98 Karan singh 99 Badriprasad patel 98 Amar singh 99 Dhani Ram 99 Mahesh 100 Santosh patel 99 Battu singh 100 Bhag Singh 100 Buddha 101 Rajendra patel 100 Santosh/ Bhagirath 101 Matuliya bai 101 Ramnhan mallah 102 Rampal vishwakarma 101 Ujayar/ Ghuman 102 Pahari lal 102 Rampati 103 Ayodhya patel 102 Kunji singh/ Brajlal 103 Lambu Singh 103 Mansukhlal 104 Santosh patel 103 Amar singh 104 Dal Singh 104 Shivlal 105 Anil patel 104 Chandu/ Dhani ram 105 Gungi bai 105 Ramgareeb 106 Vanshpati patel 105 Munn/ Ram singh 106 Chhabi lal 106 Shyam sakha 107 Shaukilal patel 106 Bholu /Sabbu 107 Banjilal 107 Bsudev 108 Bhaiyalal patel 107 Shayamle/ gunthai 108 Laxaman Prasad 108 Chhabilal 109 Jagdish patel 108 Parmu/ halka 109 Dharam lal 109 Rmpratap 110 Ramniranjan patel 109 Motilal/ Ghunthai 110 Ramesh 110 Ramsajivan 111 Urmila patel 110 Surendra/ Leela 111 Omprakash 111 Ramvishal 112 Rajmani patel 111 Mukesh/ Kashiram 112 Lambi bai 112 Ravisharan 113 Ramrati patel 112 Bahadur/ Brajlal 113 Muliya Bai 113 Samaliram 114 Munni patel 113 Prem Singh 114 Pahari lal 114 Sambhu 115 Dadoli patel 114 Nannhe bhai 115 Pahlad singh 115 Santosh 116 Sharmila patel 115 Tantu/ Sarup singh Kastara 116 Shivlal 117 Badri patel 116 Asharan/Mangal

116 Bhudhu Singh 117 Shivprasad 118 Ramgopal patel 117 Kamlrani Singh 117 Hera Singh 118 Shyamlal 119 Nisha patel 118 Tunde singh 118 Gayan Singh 119 Sitaram 120 Gulab patel 119 Ramdas singh 119 Shive Singh 120 Rm kumar 121 Shyamkali patel 120 Khuman Singh 120 Maya Bai Puranibasti Jamudi 122 Umesh patel 121 Mamu singh 121 Sukrat Singh 121 Ashish mishra 123 Shakuntala patel 122 Bhdur singh 122 Laxman Singh 122 Ahay mishra 124 Savitri vishvakarma 123 Tantu singh 123 Sunder Singh 123 Ajay 125 Soordas patel Patinandlal 124 Titra Singh 124 Amar singh 126 Pashupati patel 124 Paramsingh 125 Lambu Singh 125 Ajana singh 127 Manbasia patel 125 Mathurasingh/Barika 126 Ram Prasad 126 Ausuiya kewat 128 Ramrangeeli patel 126 Mulamsingh 127 Ratan Singh 127 Arun prasad 129 Lal patel 127 Laxmirani/ Anrath 128 Kishori Singh 128 Arun tiwari 130 Rammilan patel 128 Chittarsingh/ kunni 129 Ganga Ram 129 Ashok kumar 131 Ramlakhan patel 129 Guddasingh 130 Chamba Singh 130 Avadh prasad shukla 132 Anjani patel 130 Tulsisingh 131 Satendra Singh 131 Ayodhya prasad 133 Motilal patel 131 Bhagirath 132 Chan Singh 132 Babulal 134 Parmita patel 132 Dhannisingh 133 Upendra Singh 133 Badri 135 Leena patel 133 Seetasingh 134 Mangal Singh 134 Badri prasad 136 Shanti patel 134 Arvind/ Chitarsingh 135 Dholak Singh 135 Baijnath kewat 137 Chandraprabhavati 135 Jahar singh/ Sadar 136 Veeran Singh 136 Bala prasad 138 Jawaharlal patel 136 Kalyansingh 137 Sant lal 137 Betu singh 139 Ramvisarjan patel 137 Narbadsingh 138 Ram Singh 138 Bharat kumar 140 Sobhnath patel 138 Devisingh/ Dalsingh 139 Hari Singh 139 Bholaprasad 141 Vrindavan patel 139 Vijay/ Kalyan 140 Mahi Singh 140 Bhoori 142 Ramjiyavan patel 140 Teksingh/Devisingh 141 Moti Bai 141 Butan bai 143 Kamlapati patel 141 Kalyan/ Ramdyal 142 Manak lal 142 Chhabilalkewat 144 Balgovind yadav 142 Mona/ Nanhebhai 143 Raguveer Singh 143 Chhotelal 145 Ramsingh patel 143 Chainabai 144 Madan Singh 144 Chunkai mallah 146 Savita pandey 144 Parvatsingh 145 Rati Bai 145 Dadan singh 147 Vinay pandey 145 Imaratsingh 146 Devi Singh 146 Darbarilal 148 Amod pandey 146 Annandrani 147 Bhaddu Singh 147 Dwarika prasad 149 Chetmani pandey 147 Gillobai/ Param 148 Brijlal 148 Suresh Patel 150 Raghvendra patel 148 Matthu/ Paramlal 149 Jagat Singh 149 Gya prasad Raura 149 Sonelal/ Babulal

150 Dhan Singh 150 Guddu 151 Anand Swaroop 150 Jalandharsingh

54

151 Bhore Singh 151 Hiralal 152 Santosh Mishra 151 Rakesh singh 152 Pratap Singh 152 Jafeeq 153 Ramesh Prasad tiwari 152 Khilan singh 153 Gandu Singh 153 Jagannath 154 Virendra tiwari 153 Hukamlal/Sadar 154 Ram Prasad 154 Jahur khan 155 Aditya Tiwari 154 Bhupat singh 155 Gulab Singh 155 Jaibalak 156 Arun Pandey 155 Seemabai/ hukamlal 156 Samnu Singh 156 Javahar lal 157 Suraj Verma 156 Jagdish/ Jahar 157 Chhabi lal Singh 157 Iitendra kumar 158 Ramji Mishra 157 Tulsi /Dukhi 158 Bhagvat Singh 158 Kailasiya devi 159 Anup Mishra 158 Lakhan / Pratap 159 Jatu Singh 159 Kalyan shukla 160 Ghanshyam Mishra 159 Nannulal/Khusali 160 Mahu Singh 160 Kanhaiyalal 161 Sivnandan Kushwaha 160 Hallu/ Nannulal 161 Sukhram Singh 161 Kanyavati 162 Santosh Verma 161 Ramji/Pratap Andar 162 Kodulal 163 Prabhat verma 162 Dukhi/Mangulal

162 Taje lal Jhariya 163 Kunti devi 164 Rajesh Kushwaha 163 Chammulal/Nannalal 163 Sumbhilal Jhariya 164 Lal bhahadur shukla 165 Ramesh Kushwaha 164 Ganpat/Bhujji 164 Radha Bai 165 M. ahsaan 166 Rajkumar Verma 165 Arti/ Imrat 165 Bhangi lal Jhariya 166 Mahendra singh 167 Paramsukh Verma 166 Madi/Lotan 166 Manvati bai 167 Mamta rani 168 Jaybhann Singh 167 Nandu/ Barelal 167 Mangal Prasad 168 Mohanlal mishra 169 Hiralal Singh 168 Rammu/lotan 168 Khibha bai 169 Nand kishor mallah Khor Khoti 169 Nannai/ Dasiya

169 Halke ram 170 Narendra kumar 170 Arun mishra 170 Gorelal/ Dhaniram 170 Halkai Singh 171 Nisha shukla 171 Rajjan tiwari 171 Achhelal/ choda 171 Hari Singh 172 Om prakash 172 Ashok kewat 172 Bahadur/ Karan singh 172 Nirpat Singh 173 Omkar mishra 173 Gopi patel 173 Sukhnandan 173 Titra Singh 174 Pramod kumar 174 Mansukhlal patel 174 Rajaram/ Chouda 174 Ramesh Singh 175 Raj bhavan singh 175 Raju tiwari 175 Ramsingh / Jograj 175 Rambai 176 Raj kumar mishra 176 Mohan saket 176 Kalyan/ Ramdas 176 Makhan lal 177 Rajesh tiwari 177 Ganesh tiwari 177 Jhallu/ Kamoda 177 Lakhan lal 178 Rajkaran 178 Dayanand patel 178 None singh 178 Rahul 179 ajkumar singh 179 Ravishankar mishra 179 Shankar/natthu singh 179 Inder Bai 180 Rajman pal 180 Ramsundar patel 180 Narayan singh 180 Komal Prasad 181 Rajmani 181 Vinayak dwivedi 181 Bhura/ Karan 181 Sampati Bai 182 Ram niranjan singh 182 Manoj dwivedi 182 Pavan/ Durga 182 Sahmat Singh 183 Ram shiroman 183 Ambika dwivedi 183 Hari/ Mangaliya 183 Shayam lal 184 Ramadhar shukla 184 Jaggannath kushwaha 184 Jagdish/ Mangaliya 184 Lamman Singh 185 Ramashray 185 Abhayraj kushwaha 185 Sultan/ Bhundu 185 Mahesh 186 Ramavtar 186 Ramprakash 186 Mukundi/ Pyarelal 186 Bedi lal 187 Rambhan mallah 187 Tulsidas mishra 187 Puspendra/Padam 187 Chote lal 188 Ramdin 188 Haridarshan mishra 188 Jahar/ Girvar 188 Sampat lal 189 Ramesh mallah 189 Ramakant mishra Khedar 189 Sunder lal 190 Ramkaran 190 Meena shrivastava 189 Bali/Bahiyalal 190 Kalsi Bai 191 Ramkripal kevat 191 Bhagwandas tiwari 190 Munnibai/Hemraj Jamgaon 192 Ramkumari 192 Chooramani tiwari 191 Halke singh/Dayaram

191 Hera lal Berkede 193 Ramphal 193 Kalindi tiwari 192 Rajesh singh/ Pyare 192 Mannulal Ueke 194 Ramvishwas 194 Ashok tiwari 193 Ballu Prasad/ Sahab 193 Banjari Singh 195 Ravendra tiwari 195 Shivlalli dwivedi 194 Kripal singh 194 Phagulal Singh 196 Ravindra nath 196 Rishi gautam 195 Laxman /lotan 195 Mangal Prasad 197 Sabir khan 197 Shivshankar patel 196 Khilli/ Teji 196 Ram Prasad 198 Sachin shukla 198 Ishwarjeet patel 197 Nandu Prasad 197 Gudda Singh 199 Sampat kumar 199 Yuvraj patel 198 Mohan Bakhat lal 198 Dharma Singh 200 Saroj shukla 200 Rakesh mishra 199 Soni/ Mohan 199 Vansat Singh 201 Shashi mishra 201 Ganesh Tiwari 200 Balchand/Nandu 200 Kamta Prasad 202 Shaukilal 202 Harivansh patel 201 Balvan Singh/ 201 Sukhdas 203 Shiv gulam 203 Dharmendra mishra 202 Annandi/ Dhaniram 202 Sanker singh 204 Shiv kumar 204 Ramsundar singh 203 Totaram/ Pusauaa

55

203 Prem Bai 205 Shyam bai 205 Diwakar singh 204 Babulal /Dhaniram 204 Sahdev 206 Sukhendra 206 Virendra tiwari 205 Lallaram /Babulal 205 Sukhdev 207 Sukhendra tiwari 207 Ramnath gupta 206 Pratap/ Dhaniram 206 Manglu Singh 208 Sukhnandan 208 Shivpratap singh 207 Kappu/Babulal 207 Dhur Singh 209 Sundariya tiwari 209 Ramkirtan singh 208 Himmat/Dhaniram 208 Dhan Singh 210 Sunder 210 Gangadeen patel 209 Narayan /Chhota 209 Tejelal 211 Sunti devi 211 Ramanuj patel 210 Ramesh/Prandas 210 Gani Ram 212 Surendra kumar 212 Ramkhilawan patel 211 Khilli/Tijiya 211 Bihari lal 213 Suresh 213 Ramnath patel 212 Nirpat/ Dhaniram 212 Bhola Ram 214 Sushil kumar shukla Laxmanpur 213 Lotan/Tijiya

213 Balla Singh 215 Umaprasad 214 Bhudsen patel 214 Imarat/ Ghuriya 214 Dumarisingh 216 Umashankar 215 Gyanendra patel 215 Payre/Tulsi 215 Saddu Singh 217 Urmila mishra 216 Vinod patel 216 Bhondu/Tantu 216 Daryav Singh 218 Vimla dubey 217 Rajdhar patel 217 Shahdat Khan 217 Bari Bai 219 Vinay kumar 218 Savitri patel 218 Ramsingh 218 Muliya bai 220 Vinay tiwari 219 Rajkumar patel 219 Heeralal/ Kashiram 219 Amer Singh 221 Virendra tiwari 220 Prahladdhar dwivedi 220 Natthu/ Bhagvandas 220 Gajraj Singh Ramasthan 221 Brijdhar dwivedi 221 Kalu/ Bhagvandas

221 Bisan Singh 222 Alakh prakash singh 222 Matukdhar dwivedi 222 Jahar/Pannalal 222 Rajju Singh 223 Anand singh 223 Rajmani patel 223 Hari/Gokal 223 Lambu Singh 224 Bhpendra singh 224 Mukeshdhar Dwivedi 224 Lallu / Tijiya 224 Phagu Singh 225 Birbahadur singh 225 Janaki patel 225 Kancchedi/ Tijiya 225 RamPrasad 226 Brijwasi singh 226 Sarvan aidiwasi 226 Bodhan Singh 226 Pheran Singh 227 Brijwasi singh 227 Prasanadhar dwivedi 227 Bahadur /Briajlal 227 Manglu Singh 228 Chandrashekhar 228 Rajendra kushwaha 228 Hemraj/ Hardyal 228 Nonelal 229 Devraj singh 229 Ramsumiran 229 Nannu/Heera Singh 229 Imrat Berman 230 Dhananjay singh 230 Gayaprasad 230 Madhu/Dayaram 230 Rajjan Singh 231 Dhirendra pratap 231 Bhoomidhar dwivedi 231 Bhure Singh 231 Ram Kumar Singh 232 Dhruv singh 232 Ramadhar aidiwasi 232 Kalu singh 232 Suresh Singh 233 Dinkar prasad 233 Ramsumiran patel 233 Laxman/ Churaman 233 Inder Singh 234 Gyanendra singh 234 Santosh patel 234 Gobindi 234 Basante Lal 235 Hanuman singh 235 Brijmohan patel 235 Hallle/ kamod Kuhi 236 Indrabhan singh 236 Satendra patel 236 Tika/Vishal

235 Ramsavrup Patel 237 Indragyan singh 237 Awadhlal patel 237 Prhalad singh 236 Rajesh Patel 238 Jagdev singh 238 Shyamlal kushwaha 238 Tularam 237 Guddu Patel 239 Jagdish singh 239 Sheshmani patel 239 Sardar/ Subhan Khan 238 Visaram Patel 240 Jai singh 240 Bhaiyalal patel 240 Darsan/ Lallu 239 Kasav Patel 241 Kamla singh 241 Gangadhar dwivedi 241 Maya rani 240 RajkumarPatel 242 Krishna pal singh 242 Vimla dwivedi Golapati 241 Laxaman Kol 243 Krishna pratap singh 243 Parvati devi 242 Vinod singh 242 Bharat Kol 244 Lalbahadur singh 244 Achelal patel 243 Govindi/Brajlal 243 Satendra Patel 245 Mangal prasad 245 Abimanyu patel 244 Ranmat/Nannu 244 Ratnesh Patel 246 Mukesh singh 246 Ramlakhan pandey 245 Komal Singh/ Durjan 245 Shiv charan Patel 247 Neelam singh 247 Shivendra mishra 246 Bhandari/ Ratiram 246 Chameli Bai 248 Padmadhar singh 248 Chandikeshwar tiwari 247 Hemraj/Mathole 247 Shive ram 249 Prem lal sharma 249 Amaol pandey 248 Khilan/Raghvar 248 Badri Prasad 250 Pushpendra singh 250 Laxminarayan 249 Nannebhi/rajju Singh 249 Radha Bai 251 Raghvendra singh MahorbaSukwar 250 Chatu/ Bhuresingh

250 Harilal 252 Rajaram dubey 251 Churamani Sharma 251 Dev singh 251 Amit Kumar 253 Rajkumar singh 252 Rammani Tripathi 252 Hallu/Tantu 252 Ragunath 254 Rajman singh 253 Ramanand Mishra 253 Munni/ Rajaram 253 Sushilal 255 Ram singh 254 Rajesh Sahu 254 Kureshabai/ Tabeej 254 Sunil Kumar 256 Ramanand singh 255 Rakesh Sahu 255 Gopabai/ Rajaram 255 Guddu Kachhi 257 Ramnarayan tiwari 256 Dwarika Sahu 256 Pappo bee

56

256 Devendra Kachhi 258 Ramsahay singh 257 Shrawan Tiwari 257 Ramprasad 257 Ram Kol 259 Ramsukh singh 258 Manoj Tiwari 258 Sardar khan 258 Lahori Patel 260 Ramvishwas singh 259 Satendra Sharma 259 Salim Khan 259 Ramkishan Berman 261 Ranjit singh 260 Rambhajan Sharma 260 Ramji/ Rajaram 260 Rajendra 262 Ranvir singh 261 Jagdish Diwedi 261 Rajaram/Anari singh 261 Anurag Patel 263 Ravendra singh 262 Arun Tiwari 262 Shakir/Tabazi Khan 262 Ramratan Yadav 264 Santdas singh 263 Harihar Prashad 263 Amansingh/Phundi 263 Barelal Jhariya 265 Shakuntaladevi 264 Shantsharan Sahu 264 Nannhe/Bakhatsingh 264 Baggad 266 Sheetla prasad 265 Chotelal Prajapati 265 Dalisingh 265 Rani Bai 267 Shivendra singh 266 Mathura Tiwari 266 Ujjisingh/BhureSingh 266 Munni Bai 268 Shobhnath singh 267 Subhash Tiwari 267 PanchamSingh 267 Mukesh Kol 269 Sukhendra singh 268 Motilal Tiwari 268 Narayan singh/ 268 Jagdeesh Patel 270 Tejbhan 269 Jagannath Sahu 269 Mulam singh 269 MangoBai 271 Vijay singh 270 Janardan Mishra 270 Mulchand/Karan 270 Puja Bai 272 Vinod singh 271 Sambhu Singh 271 Badri/Mulchand 271 Panji Lal 273 Virendra singh 272 Vijay Raj Singh 272 Madhu/Thoban 272 Anil Yadav 274 Ram viranjan singh 273 Yashwant Singh 273 Bhajanti/ Madhu 273 Sugreev Yadav 275 Akhand singh 274 Balwant Singh 274 Heerasingh 274 Dashath 276 Anuj singh 275 Rajendra Singh 275 Bhubal/Dhanju 275 Sadan Kachhi 277 Puspendra singh 276 Anil Singh 276 Ballu/Bhujabal 276 Magan 278 Dharmraj singh 277 Mahendra Singh 277 Rajkumar /Sarju 277 Suniya Bai 279 Rahul singh 278 Gyanendra Singh 278 Sarju/Vishram 278 Latori Patel 280 Balendra pandey 279 Satendra Singh 279 Gopalsingh 279 Rakku 281 Gopal p. pandey 280 Badri Singh 280 Imrat/Gopal 280 Ramratan Yadav 282 Lalji pandey Patna 281 Ujayar/ lalsingh

281 Bansu Kachhi 283 Avadh bihari 281 Ramlakhan Tiwari 282 Lakhan Singh 282 Sambhu Kachhi 284 Vibhish bhushan 282 Gyanendra Mishra 283 Sonesingh 283 Jagdeesh Kachhi 285 Dilip singh 283 Ramkishor Tiwari 284 Darbari/Vishram 284 Chhannulal 286 Sevendra singh 284 Amresh Tiwari 285 Suresh/Latto Singh 285 Santosh Kumar 287 Satendra singh 285 Krishna Tiwari 286 Maansingh 286 Ashok Kumar 288 Narendra singh 286 Govind Tiwari 287 Lokman/ SoneSingh 287 Bal Kumar 289 Lalman kol 287 Ramlala Tiwari 288 Seetaram/ Khidami 288 Rakesh Kumar 290 Parmanand patel 288 Jugal Kishor Mishra 289 Halle/ vishram 289 Rakesh 291 Mahmood khan 289 Yashwant Mishra 290 Roopsingh 290 Gudda Yadav 292 Balmik singh 290 Kishor Awasthi 291 Mulamsingh 291 Mahendra Kumar 293 Shobharam sing 291 Krishna Murari 292 Khilan 292 Amrit Lal 294 Rajendra bhahadur 292 Raghvendra Mishra 293 Virsan/Dadisingh 293 Hitesh Kumar 295 Maniraj singh 293 Gopal Sahu 294 Rambihari/Rajaram 294 Bhiya ji Kachhi 296 Manoj singh 294 Ramkhelawan 295 Kailash/ Gulab 295 Lakhan lal Kachhi 297 Preeta singh 295 Rambahor Mishra 296 Shafik/ Tabaz khan 296 Lakhram Ram 298 Motimani singh 296 Kripalu Mishra 297 Bablu/ 297 Punnu lal Berman 299 Rajmani singh 297 Biharilal Awashthi 298 Sarmanlal 298 Rajesh Berman 300 Sukhnandan singh 298 Chotelal Tiwari 299 Kamod/ Khet singh 299 Amit Kol 299 Avdhesh Tiwari 300 Bhagvat/ Karan 300 Dherandra Kachhi 300 Pyaremohan Mishra Total 300 300 300 300

57

Annexure V

List of VLSS demonstrations in individual farmer’s fields during 2011-12 State: Chhattisgarh

S. No

Raipur S.No

Kabirdham S.No

Durg S. No

Rajnanandgaon Village/Farmers Name




Beltukari Charbhhata Arjuni Makrandpur 1 Baladram/Janakram 1 Gham Singh 1 Jagatpal Singh 1 Hament Sinha 2 Janakram/Jivanlal 2 Rekhlal Kaushik Odarsakari 2 Chhabilal Sinha

3 Netram/ Dhansingh 3 Nakul Ram 2 Holkar Prasad Sakuldhiyan 4 Ashok Verma 4 Parsu Ram 3 Parvati Bai 3 Ramkrishna das 5 Ugrasen Verma Devgahan 4 Gangaram Sinha

4 Khedram Sahu Khaira Deori 5 Kunju Sinha

5 Anjor Singh Thakur Total 5 4 5 5 State: Madhya Pradesh

S. No

Jabalpur S. No

Satna S. No

Rewa S. No

Damoh





Ghorakoni Puranibasti Jamudi Amilki Khedar 1 Uttam Paliwal 1 Zahur khan 1 Ramnaresh Mishra 1 Nandu Prasad 2 Smt Kiran bala 2 Jawaharlal 2 Swamideen Patel 2 Mohan Bakhat lal 3 Santram Paliwal 3 Uma prasad 3 Matashiya Patel 3 Soni/ Mohan 4 Rajendra Paliwal 4 Rajmani 4 Dwarika Patel 4 Balchand/Nandu 5 Kamal Paliwal 5 Bhola prasad 5 Harish Shukla 5 Balvan Singh 6 Ram kripal 6 Annandi/ Dhaniram 7 Ramavtar 7 Totaram/ Pusauaa 8 Urmila singh 8 Babulal /Dhaniram 9 Ram shriromani 9 Lallaram /Babulal 10 Mohanlal 10 Pratap/ Dhaniram Total 5 10 5 10

8. Financial Report: Submitted

58

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Enhancing chickpea production in Rainfed Rice Fallow Lands