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Enhanced Guide to Oracle 10g. Chapter 5: Introduction To Form Builder. Forms. Why Do We Use Form Builder? Why Don’t We Use SQL Only?!. Forms. Application with a graphical user interface that looks like a paper form Used to insert, update, delete and view database data. Primary Form Uses. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Enhanced Guide to Oracle Enhanced Guide to Oracle 10g10g
Chapter 5:Introduction To Form Builder
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Forms Why Do We Use Form Builder? Why Don’t We Use SQL Only?!
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Forms Application with a graphical
user interface that looks like a paper form
Used to insert, update, delete and view database data
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Primary Form Uses Viewing/retrieving records Inserting/updating/deleting
records Counting the number of
records a query will retrieve
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Data Block Form Is a form associated with a
specific Oracle database table System automatically creates:
Text fields associated with table fields
Programs for inserting, modifying, deleting, and viewing data records
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Data Block Forms ORACLE 10g forms are displayed in a
web browser as a web page. They appear in the Forms Services
Window within the browser window. The form specification is translated into
Java Applet (those are displayed in web browsers) using a Web server process called OC4J Instant (details: page 264, next slide too).
They are Dynamic Web Pages.
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Steps of running the form Design the form and write its
code (.fmb file) Compile the form (.fmx file)When you run the form: OC4J Instance process converts
the compiled file into java applet
Java applet form starts on the web browser
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Using a Data Block Form
A block is a group of related form items (text fields, option buttons,…).
A data block is a specific DB table, and contains objects (text fields, option buttons) that display values from the table’s data fields.
A single-block form: is the form that displays data from only one table.
A multiple-block form: is the form that displays data from multiple DB tables.
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Using a Data Block Form
To start Form Builder: Start, All programs, Oracle Developer Suit-OraHome,
Forms Developer, Forms Builder Open an existing for (.fmb) or design yours and save it
(the path name or the form name should not contain spaces).
To run the form, click Program on the menu bar, Run Form.
If you are asked to install the Jinitiator, click yes and accept all default values.
Jinitiator application iniitializes the Java applet in the web browser.
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Expected Errors
If the error “FRM-90928” appears, it means that the path name or the form name contains space.
If the web page does not appear and the browser diplays the characters http://%%20 or similar. Then the form builder should be configured correctly to use your web browser. (see page 266 to know how to configure it).
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Form Modes When the form is running in the Forms Services
window in the web browser it can be one of two modes:
Normal Mode You can view records and sequentially step through records
and change data. Enter Query Mode
You can enter search parameters in form fields and then retrieve the associated records
To place the form in Enter Query mode, click the Enter Query button on the toolbar.
Execute the query or cancel it to return to Normal mode.
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Inserting New Records In Normal mode, click the Insert
Record button to insert a new blank record
Type the data values in the form fields
Click the Save button to save the values in the database
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Retrieving Records Click the Enter Query button to
place the form in Enter Query mode Type a search condition Click the Execute Query button
to retrieve selected records If you click , do not enter a search
condition, and then click , all table records will be retrieved
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Form Search Types Exact search: only retrieves
records that exactly match the entered search condition
Restricted search: retrieves records that fall within a range of values
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Restricted Search Operators _: wildcard replacing a single
character %: wildcard replacing multiple
characters >, <: greater than, less than >=, <=: greater than or equal to,
less than or equal to <> or !=: not equal to
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Scrolling Through Retrieved Records To view the next record, click the
Next Record button To view the previous record, click
the Previous Record button
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Updating and Deleting Records Retrieve the record to be
updated or deleted To update, change the data value
and click the Save button To delete, click the Remove
Record button
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Data Block Form File Types
.fmb Form design file, used by form
programmer in Form Builder .fmx
Form executable file, run by form users
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Form Components Form module: form
application Form window
Title bar on top Horizontal and vertical
scrollbars Can be resized, maximized,
minimized
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Form Components Canvas
Surface that displays form items Block
Object that contains form items Form items
Command buttons, radio (option) buttons, text items
Items in the same block can appear on different canvases
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Form Components
Name
Cash
Check
Credit Card
WindowCanvas
Block of items
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Object Navigator Forms Builder Toolbar. Form Module. See Page 276,
next slde. Hierarchical Display.
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To create a new Form module or
Data block..
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Creating a Data Block Form
Steps:1. Create the data block using
the Data Block Wizard2. Create the form layout using
the Layout Wizard
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Data Block Wizard Welcome page Type page
Select table or view on which to base the block source
Table page Select table associated with form Enforce Integrity Constraint Check Box
Finish page Option to use the Layout Wizard to
automate creating the layout
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Layout Wizard Canvas page
Select the canvas where the block is displayed Data Block page
Select the fields that are displayed on the layout Items page
Specify the column labels, heights and widths Style page
Specify to create a form- or tabular-style layout
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Layout Styles Form style
One record appears on the form at a time
Tabular style Multiple records display on the
form in a table
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Form Builder Wizards Are Re-entrant
You can select a block or layout, then re-enter it and modify its properties using the Wizard
A Wizard is in re-entrant mode when its pages appear as tabs
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Form Builder Object Navigator Window Shows form objects
Allows developer to access form objects Object Navigator has 2 views
Ownership view: shows form objects as a flat list (the form is presented as a top-level object, and then lists all form object nodes on the next level) . (fig. 5-8, slide 23)
Visual view: hierarchical relationships between objects ( form objects contain other objects: a form contains windows, a window contains canvases and a canvas contains data blocks).(fig. 5-27, next slide)
Details about ownership and visual views is in page 300.
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Guidelines For Configuring Form Windows
1. Change the window title2. Allow user to minimize the window3. Do not allow the user to maximize the
window4. Do not allow the user to resize the window5. Include horizontal and vertical scrollbars if
items appear beyond window boundaries6. Make the form window fill the Forms
Runtime window
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Configuring Form Windows
Window Title
Minimize/Maximize buttons
Windowsize
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Example: create a Data Block using WIZARD
1. Click on the Data Block node under the MODULE form node.
2. Click the + sign or choose create from Edit on the menu bar.
3. The following window appears:4. Choose the first option, now5. Then the Ok 6. A Welcome page might appear,
if so click next7. The wizard window appears
as shown next slide:
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Example: create a Data Block using WIZARD
8. Make sure the table or view is selected, now. Then NEXT9. The tables window appears so as to choose the table
from your schema, which the data block is based on.10. You might need to connect to the DB, if you
are not doing yet. Choose the connect button or connect from file on the menu bar.
11. Select the table, pay attention to the user.12. After that choose the field you want to show.13. Type the data block name.14. Then choose “create the data block, and
then call the layout wizard, then FINISH.
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Example: create a Data Block using WIZARD
15. The form layout specifies how a given form looks to the user. So a welcome window might appear, click next.
16. Then a Canvas (the area where the form objects are located) window appear, choose the canvas and its type. For details about the types refer to page 285.
17. The Data block page appearso you can choose the fieldsthat will be displayed in the form. Fig. 5-18.
18. Then the items page appears,where the specifications and labels (prompts) can be determined.
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Example: create a Data Block using WIZARD
19. You can change the prompts (labels that appears next to each field).
20. Then choose whether the layout style is FORM or Tabular.21. If form is chosen, then determine the title that appears on
the frame of the data block, the number of rows that appear in the form style is always one row at a time. If the tabular is chosen, then number can be more. The distance between record is determined in a tabular case. Choose whether to display the scroll bar.
22. Finish.23. The window should appear as in next slide:
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Example: create a Data Block using WIZARD
24. You can import a static image to make your form looks better:1. Click on the layout editor window shown in the previous slide.2. From EDIT choose import image.3. Select the image you like.4. Adjust its place on the window.
25. To run the form so as to see the data of the table:1. Run the form using the button
or from Program on the menu bar choose run form.Important:If the “FRM-10142” error appears, then run the OC4J instant of the formIf the HTML code appears instead of the form on your browser then do
the following”from IE chose tools Internet Options Advanced Look for Security value then Check the “allow active controls to run in files on my computer”.
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Lesson B
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Creating a Form Based on a Database View
View can be derived from one or more database tables
Form based on a view only allows you to display data from table(s)
Form could be used to insert, update, or delete data if the view is a simple view only.
How to do that ? Select Views from Figure 5-12, see slide 35 when you create the form using the wizard.
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Modifying Form Properties Every form object has a Property Palette that allows you to
configure form and its objects properties (page 322) How to open the property palette? From the Object navigator
chose windows node, select your window and right click the mouse, choose property palette. OR:
On the layout editor, right click and then select property palette. OR:
See page 323 for other two ways.
PropertyNodes Property List
Context bar
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Intersection Property Palette
Used to change property of several items to the same value (page 328)
Select the objects together and open the property palette. Intersection/Union button on the tool bar appears as When the objects have different values, it appears as *****, and the property node appears with a ? Before it.
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Frame Properties The frame is that encloses a data block’s
items. Its update Layout can be:
Automatically Frame items are automatically
repositioned based on their order in the Data Blocks list when you move or resize a frame, or modify the form layout using the Layout Wizard in reentrant mode
Manually Items are automatically when layout is
modified in Layout Wizard in reentrant mode
Items are not repositioned if you move or resize the frame
Locked Items are never automatically repositioned
frame
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Data block forms can display data from multiple tables that have a master-detail relationship in which
Master record can have multiple related (detail) records through foreign key relationship.
Examples: One FACULTY record can have multiple related STUDENT
records. The FACUTLY record is the master record, because a faculty member can have many student records, but a student can have only one related faculty record.
One CUSTOMER might have multiple CUST_ORDER records
Multiple-Table Forms
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1. When creating a form that contains a master-detail relationship, you always use the Data Block Wizard to create the master block, which is the block that displays the master records first.
2. Then start the wizard a second time, and create the detail block, which displays the detail records.
When creating the detail block, the master-detail relationship should be specified in the wizard on a page called Master_Detail page.
That page appears only when you create a data block that already contains one or more data blocks.
Multiple-Table Forms
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Master block
Detail block
Master-Detail Forms
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Creating a Master-Detail Form Create the
master block first
Specify the relationship on the Data Block Wizard Master-Detail page of the detail block
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A master block can have multiple detail blocks An item can be in multiple customer orders, and have
multiple shipment records A student has an advisor and also enrolled in courses. page 342.
A detail block can be a master block in a second master-detail relationship A customer can have multiple CUST_ORDER records One CUST_ORDER record can have multiple
ORDER_LINE records A faculty member can have many students and a student can be
enrolled in many classes. Page 342.
Complex Master-Detail Relationships
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Master
Detail MasterDetail
Complex Master-DetailRelationship Example
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Formatting Text Items Specify desired format mask in
text item Format Mask property If format mask makes value wider
than text item Data Width property, data appears as #####
E.g: make the format mask for the empno field in the form builder: 99”- - “ 99 and make the data length for the field 4.
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Formatting Character Text Items Place embedded characters in
double quotes
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Format Mask Examples Value Format Mask Result 7945 999 ### 7945 9999$ 7945$ 7945 99”-”99 79-45 34.28 99.9 34.3 34.28 99.999 34.280 SYSDATE Day-MON-YY Friday-NOV-06
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Lesson C
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PL/SQL procedure that runs in response to a user or system action Clicking a button Loading a form Exiting a form
Triggers can be associated with: An entire form (form level) A block (block level) A specific form item (item level)
Form Triggers
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Creating a trigger: select the form or form item event type the trigger code
Referencing a form item in PL/SQL code: :block_name.item_name
Triggers are compiled before a form is run
Using Form Triggers
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Create a block-level WHEN-CREATE-RECORD trigger
Trigger PL/SQL code:SELECT sequence_name.NEXTVALINTO :block_name.item_nameFROM DUAL;
Using Sequences in Forms
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List of legal values that can be selected for use in a form field
LOVdisplay
LOVcommandbutton
Form Lists of Values (LOVs)
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1. Use the LOV Wizard to: Specify the LOV display records
using a SQL query Format the LOV display Attach the LOV to a form text
item2. Change the LOV and record group
name in the Object Navigator
Creating an LOV Using the LOV Wizard
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Opening the LOV Display Place the insertion point in the text
item to which the LOV is attached Press CTRL+L, or from Edit menu
of the form choose the option ‘Display List’
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Create a command button on the canvas
Iconic button Displays an icon image from an .ico
file Complete path to .ico file must be
specified in button’s ICON property
Creating a Command Button to Open the LOV Display
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Create a trigger for the button that does the following:1. Places the form insertion point in the
text item to which the LOV is attached:GO_ITEM(‘IN_VID’);
2. Executes the LIST_VALUES command: LIST_VALUES;
LOV Command Button Trigger
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Alternate Form Input Items Radio buttons Check boxes
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Limits user to one of two or more related, mutually exclusive choices
Radio Buttons
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Related radio buttons are part of a radio group
Radio group
Individual relatedradio buttons
Radio Groups
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1. Create the form using the Data Block and Layout Wizards
2. Open the item Property Palette, and change the Item Type value to Radio Group
3. Draw and format the radio buttons on the canvas
4. Modify the radio button properties5. Modify the radio group properties
Creating a Radio Group
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Name: how the button is referenced within the form
Label: description that appears next to the button on the canvas
Radio Button Value: associated data value in the database
Important Radio Button Properties
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Name: how the radio group is referenced within the form
Initial Value: data value of the radio button within the radio group that is selected when the form first appears
Important Radio Group Properties
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Check Boxes Used to represent fields that
can have one of two values Check box caption is
interpreted as TRUE or FALSE If checked, caption is true If cleared, caption is false
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Check Box Example
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1. Create the form using the Data Block and Layout Wizards
2. Open the item Property Palette, and change the Item Type value to Check Box
3. Modify the item properties
Creating a Check Box
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Value when Checked: data value of the item when the box is checked
Important Check Box Properties
Label: description that appears next to the check box on the canvas
Value when Unchecked: data value of the item when the box is checked
Check Box Mapping of Other Values: check box status when form first opens, or when new blank record is added
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Thank you.