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7/29/2019 English Session 1a: LTCi Siliguri
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English:
Approached using speechand understanding
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Alice, Brian, Carol and Davidhave to cross a bridge in 17minutes. The bridge will
collapse if there are morethan two people on it at thesame time. It is dark and it is
too impossible to cross thebridge without a torch. Thereis only one torch.
Crossing the Bridge
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Alice can cross the bridge in 1 minute. The
others are wounded or injured to varyingdegrees which means that it takes:
Brian 2 minutes to cross the bridge;
Carol 5 minutes to cross the bridge;David 10 minutes to cross the bridge.
If there is more than one person on the
bridge, the bridge can only be crossed at thespeed of the slowest person. How can theycross the bridge in 17 minutes?
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Alice(1 min) and Brian(2 min) cross the
bridge.Alice(1 min) takes the torch back to theother side.
Carol(5 min) and David(10 min) crossthe bridge.
Brian(2 min) takes the torch back to the
other sideAlice(1 min) and Brian(2 min) cross the
bridge.
2
3
13
15
17
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English:
Approached using speechand understanding
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How many words do youneed to know in order to
understand 25% of whatnative English speakers
say and write?
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Lemma = A lemma is the base form of a word; forexample the lemma climb includes the differentword forms climbs, climbing, and climbed
The Oxford English Corpus (OEC) is a collection of texts(books, newspapers, magazines, blogs, emails, speeches etc.)that shows how the English language is used in real situations.It keeps track of all the words native English speakers use inspeaking & writing. It tells us the number of words that
English speakers currently use.
http://oxforddictionaries.com/words/about-the-oxford-english-corpushttp://oxforddictionaries.com/words/about-the-oxford-english-corpus7/29/2019 English Session 1a: LTCi Siliguri
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Laggard - a person or thing that doesnot keep up with others
Endobenthic(english) - Living withinthe sediment of a lake or sea floor;infauna. Also called endobiontic
Pomology -the branch of botany thatstudies the cultivation of fruit.
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According to this chart, you only need to know
10 words to understand 25% of what nativespeakers say and write.
You need to know 100 words to understand 50%
of what native speakers say & write, and 1000words to understand 75% of all the words usedin common, every day English.
Think of the 90% level.
Native speakers usejust 7000 words for
90% of what they sayand write
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You are driving in your car it is a two-seater sports car. You pass a bus stop andsee three people standing there waiting for
the bus:
Todays Puzzle
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1. An old lady who looks as if she is about todie and is in urgent need of medical
attention.2. An old friend who once saved your life.
3. The perfect man (or woman) that formany years you have been dreaming ofmeeting
Who do you offer a ride to knowing that there can only beone passenger in your car?
Before you tell me what a
silly game this is and wonderwhy we arent learning
English, you should knowthis was used by a
multinational company as
part of their job interviewprocess it poses an
ethical/moral dilemma
Think and decideyour answer you
must explain whatchoice you make (in
good English)
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The winning candidate outof 200 applicants- gave this
answer:I would stop, give the carkeys to my friend and
ask him to give the oldlady a lift to the nearesthospital I wouldremain at the bus stopwith the person of my
dreams
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Look at the
picture tellme what a
homophoneis
7/29/2019 English Session 1a: LTCi Siliguri
14/58Some common Homophones
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What parallels can you draw betweenthe farmer described in this advert
and the life of a Christian disciple?
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PoorListeningHabits
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What bad listening habits
have you picked up overthe years?
Judgmental listening
jumping to conclusionsabout the speaker
Selective listening onlyhearing what you want tohear.
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Impatient listeningfinishing other peoples
sentences, interrupting themEgocentric listeningthinking about what youll
say as others are talkingPatronizing listeningpretending to listen, but
really off in your own world.Stubborn listeninglistening, but not open-yourmind is already made up.
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Can you relate to any ofthese common pitfalls?
Your ability to movepast them will have aprofound impact onyour relationships, yourability to communicateeffectively in English
and also youreffectiveness inleadership.
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If you want to becomea great listener, youllneed to work on twothings:
- Showing empathy- Asking goodquestions
Learning to Listen
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22/58Accessing the notes
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empathy - [Gk. empatheia]
The action of understanding,being aware of, beingsensitive
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Empathy is aboutentering into anotherpersons situation.
It involvesunderstanding howothers feel and
showing that yougenuinely care.
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Good listeners are
great at this. Theymight;- Nod
- Show concern in theirfaces- Give an occasional
hmmm,- Display real interestin what youre saying.
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When we listenempathetically to others,they tend to becomereceptive to what we haveto say in return. They seethat were not focused onadvancing our agenda or
winning theconversation.
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Empathy Role Play
in pairs, for the whole class- Two plays
in the first you have to
demonstrate a lack of care, evenanger with the person concerned
in the second you have to showempathy towards them
1. Person A whos pet rabbit hasjust died person B is comfortingthem
We (the whole class) shallbe commenting on your
use of English and also
your ability to showempathy and listen well
to another person
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2. Person A has forgotten to do theirassignment for Richardperson B istrying to encourage them that it willnot be too bad when they tell him
3. Person A has a bad stomachache (from eating too many chilies
person B is comforting them
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People dont
care how much
you know until
they know how
much you care.Do the people you listen to knowhow much you care about them?
Do they share openly with you?
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You have just met afamous person and
want to keep theirattention whilst otherpeople are competing to
take them away fromyou.Name your chosen
person and give threequestions you mightask them to ensure they
stay and talk to you.
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31/58Pronouncing the th sound
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Which doctor would youprefer?
One who barges through thedoor and immediately begintrying to sell you the latestand greatest drug on themarket?
One who asks questions first then gives a diagnosis
Ask Good Questions
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Any good doctor knows that
you never give a prescription
without first making adiagnosis.
Doctors take the time to look
into your eyes, listen to your
heartbeat, ask where it hurts,
etc.
Then they draw a conclusion,
make a diagnosis and give
you a prescription.
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Have you learned topoke and prod (like adoctor examining you)
during yourconversations withothers? Or, do you make
assumptions and jumpto conclusions?
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Many Christians (esp.
leaders) believe theyre
supposed to haveanswers, not questions.
Asking good questions
doesnt make you weak;
good questions help you
connect with people and
understand where theyre
really coming from. Its a
sign of strength.
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Attitudes5 = Almost Always3 = Occasionally
1 = Almost Never
Are you a good listener?
an opinion or general feeling about something
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1 Do you like to listento other people talk?
2 Do you encourage
other people to talk?3 Do you listen, even if
you do not like the
person who istalking?
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4 Do you listen equally
well whether theperson is man or
woman, black or
white, young or old?
5 Do you listen equally
well to friend,
acquaintance and
stranger?
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Actions5 = Almost Always3 = Occasionally
1 = Almost Never
When talking or listening tosomeone...
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When talking orlistening to
someone......6. Do you put what you
have been doing out of
sight and out of mind?7. Do you look at the
speaker?
8. Do you try to ignorethe distractions around
you?
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When talking or listening to someone...
9. Do you smile, nod your head and
otherwise encourage the speaker to
talk?
10 . Do you think about what is being
said?
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Comprehension5 = Almost Always
3 = Occasionally1 = Almost Never
To grasp of the meaning of something
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11 Do you try to
understand what the
speaker means?12 Do you try to
understand why the
speaker is trying tocommunicate
13 Do you let the
speaker finish whatthey are trying to
say?
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14 If the speakerhesitates do you
encourage him to
go on?15 Do you restate
what is said to
check yourunderstanding?
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Evaluation5 = Almost Always3 = Occasionally1 = Almost Never
The act of considering or examining somethingin order to judge its value, quality, importance,
extent, or condition
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16 Do you withhold
judgment about
ideas until thespeaker has
finished?
17 Do you listen,regardless of the
manner of
speaking andchoice of the
words?
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18 Do you listen, even though you
anticipate what the speaker is going to
say?19 Do you question the speaker in order
to get a full explanation of ideas?
20 Do you ask the speaker to definetechnical or unfamiliar words he uses?
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Scoring Guide
Less than 50
Do you pay attention toanyone?
Is it worth including you in ateam?
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50-70Danger exists of losing
contact with people. Youneed to work a little harder
and pay attention to areashighlighted
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Over 70
You are a good listener.One challenge would be to
let your partner or a closefriend complete the form
for you - how do you scorethen?
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Look at the
picture tellme what a
homonym is
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The key to understanding the humour in this cartoonis the word spirit. Spirit is an example of ahomonym: a word which has the same spelling anda pronunciation as another word, but with a differentmeaning. In this case, spirit can mean a ghost-likespirit or a hard type of alcohol, for example,
whiskey or vodka.
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Some common Homonyms
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7 openings on your head only 1for speech!
GETTING PERSONAL
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Think about your own listening ability.On a scale of one to ten (ten being the
strongest), how would you rate yourself
as a listener? If you are really brave, havea friend fill it out for you!
I display empathy and show genuineinterest in others.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
GETTING PERSONAL
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My body language showsattentiveness.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
I seek to understand before beingunderstood.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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I ask relevant questions and engage in
others thoughts.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
I am open; I avoid judging others orinterrupting them.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10