Upload
others
View
15
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
ENGLISH PAPER
(EVERYDAY USES OF COMPUTERS AND TYPES OF COMPUTER)
By :
MUH. IDRUS (13.1401.164)
MASNAWI (13.1401.)
SWISMAN (13.1401.)
MUH. ANSAR (13.1401.)
COMPUTER SCIENCE
EAST INDONESIAN UNIVERSITY
OF MAKASSAR
2014
ii
FOREWORD
Gratitude belongs only to Almighty God, who has given his affection to
the author for taking the time to complete this paper about "Everyday Uses
of Computers and Types of Computer".
The authors also thank those who have assisted in the completion of
this paper.
The authors are aware that this paper is still far from perfect.
Therefore, the authors expect criticism and suggestions especially about
the theoretical review and formats of this paper.
By
Writer
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER
FOREWORD .............................................................................................. II
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................ III
UNIT 1 INTODUCTION .............................................................................. 1
1. BACKGROUND .................................................................................... 1
2. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION ................................................................... 1
3. PROBLEM LIMITATION .......................................................................... 1
UNIT 2 THEORETICAL REVIEW .............................................................. 2
1. EVERYDAY USES OF COMPUTERS ......................................................... 2
2. TYPES OF COMPUTER.......................................................................... 3
UNIT 3 CLOSING ...................................................................................... 8
1. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................... 8
2. SUGGESTIONS .................................................................................... 8
BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................ 9
ATTACHMENT 1 ..................................................................................... 10
UNIT 1
INTODUCTION
1. Background
A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed
to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations.
The computer designed to meet the needs of people, inclduing
laptops, desktops or personal computer desktop and others.
Based on the background above, the peoples especially the
computer science's students need to know about the uses of
computers in daily life and the types of computer.
2. Problem identification
Related to the background above, there are some problems that
may arise. The writer identifies the problems as follows :
o How are computers used in everyday?
o What are the types of computer?
3. Problem limitation
In order to reach the expected goal, the writer limits the problems
with mention the uses of computer in daily life and the type of
computer.
2
UNIT 2
THEORETICAL REVIEW
1. Everyday uses of computers
Computers are part of the people's everyday lives. The computers
have an effect on almost everything the peoples do. The peoples get
all the modern facilities by the invention of Computers. Right from
watching movies, listening a music, playing games, prepare office
documents, prepare daily planners to latest facilities of emailing,
chatting, video-conferencing and social interaction through networking.
Super fast computers are able to solve trillions of mathematical
problems within a fraction of a second. Earlier, calculators were
commonly used while nowadays, even complex calculation can be
done with the help of computers. It takes instruction in the form of
input and provide output results accordingly.
While calculator gives response to the immediate input only,
computer work with a set of instructions installed in it, so it constantly
works, with amazing speed.
Because of this unique, exclusive features, computers play a vital
and crucial role in modern people's lives such as Banking,
Transportation, Travelling, Security, Business, Education, Tourism,
Aviation, Government affairs, Defense, Medicine, Army, Emergency
Services (hospital), etc.
Besides the above-mentioned sectors, the computers also play a
pivotal role in daily life in the form of Eshopping. Shopping via internet
is common now-a-days. Marketing, shopping, advertising, fashion
designing, event organizing, job seeking, etc are all the latest usage of
computers. Thus it is slowly and positively dominating the lives of
mankind, being a great source of information, education and
entertainment.
3
Super computers are generally used for banking transactions, to
keep track of railways, control aircrafts, and manage
telecommunication system effectively, accurately and conveniently.
The world has become a global village due to telecommunication
system worldwide.
Uses of computers in different fields
1. Domestic
Write important documents and print them.
To Shop online
Watch Videos and play & record Music CDs, etc.
2. Commercial
Keep records of peoples pay and personal details.
View new orders over the internet and contact warehouse to
despatch them.
Collecting payments from costumers, view new stock and
calculating Pofit/loss of company.
3. Industrial
Control Factory Machines like printing presses.
Calculate stock in warehouse and automatically re-order
equitment from Main Manufacturer (like a Newspaper press
needs paper and ink).
To communicate with costumers or retail units about
dispatch details.
2. Types of computer
The electronic computers that are available nowadays vary in their
sizes and types. The computers are broadly classified into four
4
categories based on their size and type—(1) Microcomputers, (2)
Minicomputers, (3) Mainframe computers, and (4) Supercomputer.
2.1. Microcomputers
Microcomputers are small, low- cost and single-user digital
computer. They consist of CPU, input unit, output unit, storage
unit and the software.
Although microcomputers are stand-alone machines, they
can be connected together to create a network of computers
that can serve more than one user.
Microcomputers include desktop computers, notebook
computers or laptop, tablet computer, handheld computer,
smart phones and netbook.
2.1.1. Desktop Computer or Personal Computer (PC)
Desktop Computer or Personal Computer (PC) is the
most common type of microcomputer. It is a stand-alone
machine that can be placed on the desk.
Externally, it consists of three units— keyboard,
monitor, and a system unit containing the CPU, memory,
hard disk drive, etc.
It is not very expensive and is suited to the needs of
a single user at home, small business units, and
organizations.
Apple, Microsoft, HP, Dell and Lenovo are some of
the PC manufacturers.
2.1.2. Notebook Computers or Laptop
Notebook Computers or Laptop resemble a
notebook. They are portable and have all the features of
a desktop computer.
5
The advantage of the laptop is that it is small in size
(can be put inside a briefcase), can be carried anywhere,
has a battery backup and has all the functionality of the
desktop. Laptops are costlier than the desktop machines.
2.1.3. Netbook
These are smaller notebooks optimized for low
weight and low cost, and are designed for accessing
web- based applications. Netbooks deliver the
performance needed to enjoy popular activities like
streaming videos or music, emailing, Web surfing or
instant messaging.
2.1.4. Tablet Computer
Tablet Computer has features of the notebook
computer but it can accept input from a stylus or a pen
instead of the keyboard or mouse. It is a portable
computer. Tablet computer are the new kind of PCs.
2.1.5. Handheld Computer or Personal Digital Assistant
(PDA)
Handheld Computer or Personal Digital Assistant
(PDA) is a small computer that can be held on the top of
the palm. It is small in size. Instead of the keyboard, PDA
uses a pen or a stylus for input.
PDAs do not have a disk drive. They have a limited
memory and are less powerful. PDAs can be connected
to the Internet via a wireless connection. Casio and
Apple are some of the manufacturers of PDA.
2.1.6. Smart Phones
6
Smart Phones are cellular phones that function both
as a phone and as a small PC. They may use a stylus or
a pen, or may have a small keyboard. They can be
connected to the Internet wirelessly.
They are used to access the electronic-mail,
download music, play games, etc. Blackberry, Apple,
HTC, Nokia and LG are some of the manufacturers of
smart phones.
2.2. Minicomputers
Minicomputers are digital computers, generally used in
multi-user systems. They have high processing speed and high
storage capacity than the microcomputers.
The users can access the minicomputer through their PCs
or terminal. They are used for real-time applications in
industries, research centers, etc.
2.3. Mainframe computers
Mainframe computers are multi-user, multi-programming
and high performance computers. They operate at a very high
speed, have very large storage capacity and can handle the
workload of many users.
Mainframe computers are large and powerful systems
generally used in centralized databases. The user accesses the
mainframe computer via a terminal that may be a dumb
terminal, an intelligent terminal or a PC.
Mainframe computers are used in organizations like banks
or companies, where many people require frequent access to
the same data.
2.4. Supercomputers
Supercomputers are the fastest and the most expensive
machines. They have high processing speed compared to other
computers.
7
Some of the faster supercomputers can perform trillions of
calculations per second. Supercomputers are built by
interconnecting thousands of processors that can work in
parallel.
Supercomputers are used for highly calculation-intensive
tasks, such as weather forecasting, climate research (global
warming), molecular research, biological research, nuclear
research and aircraft design. They are also used in major
universities, military agencies and scientific research
laboratories.
8
UNIT 3
CLOSING
1. Conclusion
Computers have an effect on almost everything the peoples do,
in differ places and differ activities in their lives. Such as banking,
transportation, travelling, security, business, education, entertainment,
government affairs, defense, medicine, army, marketing, etc.
The computers are broadly classified into four categories based
on their size and type, Microcomputers, Minicomputers, Mainframe
computers, and Supercomputer. Microcomputers include desktop
computers, notebook computers or laptop, tablet computer, handheld
computer, smart phones and netbook.
2. Suggestions
The authors are aware that this paper is still far from perfect.
Therefore, the authors expect criticism and suggestions especially
about the theoretical review and formats of this paper. Finally, the
writer hopes this paper could be useful to the peoples especially for
the students of computer science.
9
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Answer (____). How are computer used in different place?.
www.wiki.answer.com
Glendinning Eric H., John McEwan (____). Basic English for Computing.
Goel Anita (2010). Computer Fundamentals.
PRLog (2013). Use of Computers in Everyday Life. www.prlog.org
10
ATTACHMENT 1
Mainframe computer
supercomputer
microcomputers