1The Bob and Rob Show Study GuideLesson 61date: Nov. 24 2006file name: bobrob11-24-06file length: 25:00

Show notesEducation, education and education. We talked about matters educational this week. Wealso introduced a new section of the show called Grammar Blues.

Listener EmailWe talked a bit about the differences between university institutions in America and the UK.Basically, at the moment, the UK ones are more expensive. Both offer great coursesthough, and we also recommend universities in Canada and Australia if you are thinking ofstudying overseas. Check these links out to world famous universities in Australia, the USand the UK:

http://www.international.mq.edu.au/study/english/index.aspx?mi=260http://studentaffairs.csufresno.edu/international_students/index.shtmlhttp://www.educationuk.org/pls/hot_bc/bc_profile.page_pls_profile_details?z=1007

Phrasal Verbs"to chalk up"1) to achieve a success or a victory e.g: Bjorn Borg chalked up 5 Wimbledon1

championships.2) to think that something happens as a result of something else e.g: We can chalk up

Englands soccer team defeat to bad luck and poor refereeing. In this situation, we canalso use the phrasal verb put something down to something e.g. We can put downEnglands soccer team defeat to bad luck and poor refereeing.

3) to attribute something to something, or idiomatically to experience e.g: Bob chalked uphis failure to make the grade to experience..

IdiomsSchool of thought = theory or opinion. E.g. 1) There are 2 schools of thought about teachingreading. 2) The main school of thought regarding second language development suggeststhat grammar is learned in a sequence.Bonus Idiom: Old school.This idiom is used to describe someone or something following old methods or standardsand traditions. E.g:1) Rob is of the old school of climbing. 2) that guy is reluctant to try newmethods out, hes of the old school.

EXTRA, EXTRA BONUS IDIOM: The old school tie

2This British English expression means upper class men in he UK who went to the sameprivate school help each other out with jobs etc. E.g. Most stockbrokerages and merchantbanks run on the old school tie system.

Grammar BluesEach versus every.

We can use them most of the time interchangeably. However, we use every with almost,nearly, virtually etc to stress that we are talking about a group as a whole.

E.g. almost every student stopped and stared at the strange teacher.

We use every with plural nouns followed by numbersE.g. I visit my family back home once every six months

We use each to talk about things or people in pairs.E.g. I only had 2 books, but each one weighed 5 kilos.

Try these extra exercises:

Complete the sentences with every or each. If both are possible, write both.

1) We have . reason to distrust the government.2) John shows us photos of place he goes to on holiday.3) The 2 boys entered the class carrying a bag of sweets.4) The 5 lucky winners of the lottery will .. share the first prize of 1,00,000,000 pounds.5) In a basketball game team has 5 players.

Try some of the great multiple choice exercises at the following site for more practice:

http://odl.vwv.at/english/odlres/res8/Grammar/grammar_exercises/trickies/various/eacheveryall.htm

PSAThis is from the American schools program and the Nevada Association of school boardsannouncing a college planning a workshop to help high school students prepare for college.

http://www.testprepreview.com/http://www.ed.gov/students/prep/college/index.htmlhttp://collegeprep.okstate.edu/

Both Sides of the Pond1. (US) dormitory (UK) hall of residence2. (US) freshman (UK) fresher3. (US) graduate student (UK) postgraduate student4. (US) major in (a subject) (UK) read (a subject)5. (US) proctor (UK) invigilator6. (US) play hookey, cut a class (UK) to bunk off, skive off

3Number 6 refers to students in secondary education who avoid going to a class for noreason.

EXTRAS (US) principal (UK) headmaster (US) sophomore (UK) second year

Note: in Britain school refers to just the primary and secondary education system. It is notused for the tertiary level. Only university is used for this level. College too, has a differentmeaning. A college (of further or higher education) is where you can get qualifications thatarent degrees, and courses usually last 1 or 2 years. They are something like a vocationalschool.

In America however, school can refer to any type of educational institution. So for example,Yale and Harvard Universities can also be called schools.

SongLanguage School Lover by Dead Mans Cornerhttp://www.podshow.com

Well every boy in our hometown had dreams about a day, when they might get tokiss one of those girls from far away.

This sounds a bit like Bob and Robs situation, as we both ended up marryingbeautiful ladies from Japan.

QuotationsEducation makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive; easy to govern, butimpossible to enslave.Lord Brougham 1778-1868

A child miseducated is a child lost.John F.Kennedy (State of the Union 1962)

EXTRASSeparate education facilities are inherently unequal.Earl Warren (1954)

The empires of the future are the empires of the mind.Winston Churchill (1954)

Show transcript

BOBHi, it's the Bob and Rob Show. This is Bob.

ROBAnd, this is Rob. Are we recording now, Bob?

BOB

4I believe we are. It's time to start the show; the Bob and Rob Show. Back again for anotherweek from Saitama.

ROBIn Japan.

BOBIn Japan. How are you doing, Rob?

ROBPretty good. Thank you. Yourself, Bob?

BOBDoing just fine, just fine. Got a new format2 for the show. We should tell our listeners aboutit. We've been getting a lot of email haven't we?

ROBWe have, so, what we're going to try and do, we're going to try and pick one or two pershow. Try to deal with one or two emails per show rather than try to get through them all.

BOBWe've been rushing too much, and we don't cover the emails very well - the questions verywell. We'll be picking one or two from now on. So, if we're not able to get to your email don'ttake it personally. It just means we don't have time.

ROBWe'll try to get to them eventually.

BOBEventually...maybe in a year or two from now.

OTHERLAUGHS

BOBAgain, we're just doing it because if we try to focus on all the emails that we've received,then it just takes up too much time. We end up having to hurry and I don't feel like theshows as good. Of course, please, post your questions, or your comments on the blog. Wecan see them there, and other listeners can see them as well. If you are going to send amessage - if you're going to send something personal, you can send it directly, but,anything else we recommend that you post it on the blog,

ROBThat's a good idea.

BOBSo that everyone else can read it as well. Okay?

ROBAnd they comment on it too.

BOB

5Of course, if it's personnel send it directly to us, but, if possible please post on the blog.And, we've got a new segment as well. It's called, the Grammar Blues. We've had somerequests for a little segment on grammar, so I've capitulated. I've decided to do it, although,- you like grammar, don't you?

ROBYea, I do. I quite enjoy grammar. Obviously, a lot of students don't.

BOBI don't mind it. Sometimes, students find it quite boring, but, I think our listeners are a higherlevel. There's a lot of challenging points out there, and they want to know why Englishworks the way it does. I think maybe we can help. So, we're going have a new segmentcalled, Grammar Blues, and, each week we'll cover a challenging English grammar point.We'll use either one of your email questions, or we'll just choose something ourselves.

ROBOkay, sounds good.

BOBSpeaking of emails, do we have an email?

ROBActually, we got one from Ef last week, or a couple of weeks ago, actually.

BOB"F," how do you spell that? The letter F?

ROBEf.

BOBI wonder if that's a woman or a man?

ROBI'm really sorry, Ef, I don't know. But anyway, Ef asks us about the differences betweenU.K. and U.S. universities. In terms of which to choose for studying abroad. Essentially,obviously, optimally, eventually it's up to you, Ef. We can give you some information, but itdepends really on what you want.

BOBDoes she want to actually get a degree3? Is that what she said, or, does she want to do ashort term study?

ROBShe didn't actually say in the email, but either way she's going to be there for sometime

BOBShe's based in Europe?

ROBYes. So, I think in terms of actually gaining entry into one of the universities it's the same,you need a really high score in either TOEFL4 or IELTS5, which are both equally very

6difficult, so, they're both very hard to get into, but once you're there you'll have a great timein either country.

BOBThat said though, in the U.S. they have what are called "community colleges." Usually,those are much more flexible and you don't need as high a TOEFL score. A lot of times, Ithink they'll even let you in with a very, very low TOEFL score, but you also required to takesome extra English classes - academic English classes. Do you have that sort ofcommunity college system in the U.K.?

ROBNot really, no.

BOBSo, in that sense, the U.S. is a little bit more flexible. Community colleges are generally -they have two year programs, or you can just take classes individually. They have what'scalled an A.A....

ROBBut, after the two years you can switch to a full-time...

BOBYou can switch to a university. You can do all your required courses, like, your humanitycourses; history, - at the community college, and then you would go to a university, and youcan transfer those, and then work on your major6. So, it's very flexible. A lot of people thataren't able to get into a university in the U.S., they can go to a community college, and gettheir Associate Degree - it's called an A.A7. - we'll put it in the show notes, I forgot what theacronym8 means. They can get that, and then they can take that, and go to a university,and study for their major. In that sense, it might be more flexible, if she goes to the U.S.,but, I agree with you, I think it really depends on her interests.

ROBAnd also, of course, as alternatives Canada and Australia offer great programs too. And, Ithink if finances are a matter or a consideration, then we should say that Britain - the U.K.-is very expensive... ...foreign students...

BOBEspecially, in London.

ROBYea, but, at any university in the U.K. at the moment it's high, and, the cost of living is veryhigh now.

BOBAnd, do you pay more if youre an international student?

ROBSure.

BOBYea, you do in the States too. But, if you live in the U.S. for a year- in a State - then youbecome that states resident - you become a state resident, so, then you get regular tuition.They call it "in-state tuition." If you go there and live for a year, you can get the in-state

7tuition which is half as much as international, or, out-of-state tuition. If, it's a public9

university. Okay.

ROBYou mean "state university." Both sides for the pond. As we said at the beginning of theshow, this is something that other listeners could comment on if they have experience of....

BOBYea, post in on the blog.

ROBThey might have some good advice.

BOBThis leads into the differences between the educational systems in the U.S., and the U.K.We've talked a little bit about it before. We'll go over it some more in Both Sides of thePond, because, I think there's different expressions.... Another quick question that I hadthat I was going to ask you. How many Brits generally go on to college?

ROBBack when I went to university - this is 15 or 20 years ago - it was about 2 or 3%.

BOBNo...of the population go to college?

ROBNo, it's not a great deal.

BOB2 or 3%, that's way too low! I think it's like 30% in the U.S.

ROBYea, it's much bigger in the U.S. They've been trying to increase it. I think it's gone up.

BOBWhat, only 2 to 3%! Youre an elitist.

ROBIndeed, I am...no, but, its been going up recently under...

BOBI can't believe that! Only 2 to 3% of high school students in the U.K. go on to university?

ROBThat used to be the figure about 20 to 30 years ago.

BOBIt's got to be higher now.

ROBNow it's higher, I'm sure, but, I'm sure it's still not...

BOB

8I think it's about 30% in the U.S10., although, I can't be sure, maybe, we can put that in thestudy guides as well.

ROBWe'll check that out.

BOBHere's a public service announcement from an American school program that helps kids -high school kids.. high school students, get into college. It's a college planning workshop,and it helps prepare them to get into college. So, they have lots of programs encouragingstudents - high school students - to apply, and get into college. So, let's listen to it.

OTHERPUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENT: This is Dr. Shirley Thorton, and I'd like to invite youto a college planning workshop sponsored by the America Schools Program, and, theNevada Association of School Boards. This year, many of our nations students will beunable to attend college, because, of a lack of preparation, and money11. Don't let thathappen to your child. If you have a student in the eighth grade thru twelfth grade call 1-800-345-4025/Ext. 4, to make your reservation. Together we can make the dream of college areality.

BOBOkay, well, there you go.

ROBInteresting.

BOBMaybe, they could do more programs like this in the U.K. Kind of like this NevadaAssociation of School Boards, what they're doing on the local level in the U.S. So, I think it'simportant to help kids see that they have the opportunity to go on to higher education. Itreally does help out your life.

ROBDefinitely, yea.

BOBObviously, it's not the only way to be successful, but it's one way. All right.

ROBOkay, so, how about some phrasal verbs and idioms?

BOBWhat's the phrasal verb for today?

ROBOkay, seeing as we're talking a bit about education. What about "chalk up."

BOBThat's a good one. "Chalk it up."

ROB

9In the classroom we use chalk, so "let's chalk up something." That is to achieve something,or...

BOBOkay, so, for example, "the reason our show is so successful is - you can just chalk it up tomy wonderful personality."

ROBIt's all because of Bob, yea, we can chalk it up to Bob's charisma12.

OTHERLAUGHS

BOBAlso, "to chalk something up" means "something happens as a result of something else."So, for example, "the reason the democrats swept both the House and the Senate13; youcan chalk it up to the Iraq war." So, something influences, something else. That's anotherway to use, "chalk up, chalk something up to." You could "chalk up" the wins to theproblems in Iraq. Okay?

ROBYea, good, so to "chalk something up to."

BOBOur idiom for today is ...

ROB"School of thought."

BOBThe idiom today, since we're talking about school, is "school of thought." "School ofthought," basically means "theories or opinions that are held by certain groups." I thinkwhen it comes to teaching reading, aren't there two "schools of thought'? There's a phonicsbased and whole language.

ROBRight, yea.

BOBSo, "school of thought," is basically just widely held opinions and beliefs.

ROBDifferent perspectives, different methodologies, or, ways to do it.

BOBHow about - what's our bonus idiom today?

ROBOkay, the bonus idiom today is, "the old school," of "the old school."

BOB"Of the old school."

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ROBIf you are of "the old school," then what are you?

BOBAre you an old school or new school climber?

ROBI'm an old school climber, I guess.

BOBWe'll put the answer in the study guide.

ROBCool, okay.

OTHERGUITAR MUSIC

BOBI think it's time for our first ever segment of Grammar Blues.

ROBGrammar Blues, okay.

BOBAnd, I believe today, our grammar segment is going to be from an email.

ROBWe're going to deal with "each and every." Which came from Peter. A very tricky point todeal with. So, "each and every," and "every and each," we can often use them with littledifference in meaning, so, we can use them quite interchangeably, but, we use "every," withalmost, or nearly, or virtually.

BOBFor example.

ROBSo, for example, "almost every student stopped and stared at the strange teacher, Bob."

BOBAt you?

ROBAt me. But, with a plural noun, whenever it's followed by a number - let' see, "I go on ahome stay every six months"

BOBSo, you wouldn't say "each"

ROBSix months, no.

BOB

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Okay.

ROBAnd, in phrases referring to regular or repeated events; for example, "every other day, orevery other kilometer." And finally, with "every abstract, unaccountable nouns...

BOBWhat do you mean? Give some examples.

ROBThat's quite a difficult phrase isn't it? Confidence, hope...

BOBOkay, uncountable and abstract, that represent ideas maybe or...chance, reason,sympathy...

ROBSo, for example, "Ef has every hope of going to university in either Britain or America."

BOBThat's a very advanced grammar point.

ROBIt's difficult, yea. We wouldn't say, "she has each hope," no.

BOB"She has every reason to believe that she'll be able to get the job, she's talented. Youwouldn't say, "each reason." As far as "each" I guess it can be use when you talk about apair or two things. "I only had two books, but each one weighed over 2 kilos." Again, talkingabout things in a pair. "I asked many people and each gave the same silly answer."

ROBRight.

BOBI think those were some good examples that you gave, that we gave.

ROBNext, how about some Both Sides of the Pond.

BOBBoth Sides of the Pond, okay. Well, what do you got 14for us today, Rob?

ROBWell, the theme is education, so I thought we'd look at some university terms. In Britain wesay, "halls of residence."

BOBI guess that would be dormitory or residence hall in the U.S.

ROBYou don't say "halls of residence"?

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BOBNo, that sounds very, very formal. I've never used that term. How about a first year studentat university? We say, "freshman."

ROBOkay, that's interesting because we say, "fresher." "He's a fresher." F-R-E-S-H-E-R

BOBIs that slang?

ROBNo, well of course, we can call them "first years."

BOBHow about "graduate students." Someone who goes on and studies after they get their firstdegree.

ROBWe call those "postgraduate students15."

BOBOh, that's interesting.

ROBBecause, "post," refers to after. So, American English just makes it more confusing, doesn'tit?

OTHERLAUGHS

ROBIn Britain, when we have an exam we "invigilate" it as teachers. Teachers have to"invigilate" the exams.

BOBI think, we would probably say, "proctor." "Proctor an exam." Although, "invigilate," I've usedthat before, but proctor is more popular. How about - I majored in Technology, would yousay, "major in a subject"?

ROBWhen I was at university, I read history.

BOBWell, I read history, too.

OTHERLAUGHS

BOBSo, you actually - "to read a subject."

ROBMeans "to be your subject of study."

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BOBVery interesting. Well, thank you. One more, actually. In the U.S. we say, "to skip a class."

ROBOh, yea.

BOBWhat would you say in the U.K. if you want "to skip a class"?

ROB"To skip a class"?

BOB"Play hooky, or, cut a class," what would you say?

ROBWe say, "skive off, or, "bunk off."

BOBThat means "to play hooky"?

ROBYes.

BOBTo, "skip class." That's interesting.

ROBBunk off. "Bunk off" is probably more common.

BOBWell, thanks for preparing these, Rob.

ROBYea, no problems, Bob. Thank you.

BOBJust some announcements. Again, thanks for your donations, and if you enjoy the show,and are a regular listener please consider making a donation. Also, we have a store now onour site. An Amazon affiliated store. If you click up on the navigation bar at the top, it saysLearning Store, and if youre in the U.S. check it out. There might be some things youreinterested in buying. And, if you interested in becoming a member, do that.

ROBAnd if you've got any questions or comments, please write to us at the show. We're atwww.thebobandrobshow.com, and you can send an email, or a voice message. Just clickon the Send a Voice Message button.

BOBOkay, good. Why don't we leave them with a couple of quotations since we talked abouteducation.

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ROBSure, good idea.

BOBMy quotations is, "Education makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive. Easy togovern, but impossible to enslave," and that's by Lord Browan, ? 1778. And, what's yourquote?

ROB"A child miseducated, is a child lost," and John F. Kennedy said that in The State of theUnion, in 1962.

BOBGood ole16 JFK. And our song for today is called, "Language School Lover" by Deadman'sCorner. And this is a really great song. I think that you can relate to it, Rob. Didn't you meatyour wife at a language school?

ROBActually, it was at a Ramen17 shop - a noodle shop - but, yea, we were connected to alanguage school.

BOBThis is good. "Well, every boy in our town had dreams about a day when they might get tokiss, one of those girls from far away." We got the song from podshow.com. If you want tolearn more about it go to music.podshow.com. So, "Language School Lover."

ROBCool.

BOBFor those of us living overseas teaching,

ROBand studying.

BOBAnd studying. I think this might "hit home18," an idiom there, "connect, make sense,

ROBbe very appropriate.

BOB"It might be very appropriate." Just an idiom there, so, wishing you all a very good week.

ROBGood luck with your studies.

BOBGood luck with your studies, and we'll see you back here next week. Bye, bye.

ROBBye, bye.

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OTHERSONG: "Language School Lover" She was from Palermo, in town for May and June / I mether, her last three weeks / I knew she'd leave us soon / She was here to learn someEnglish / What was I to do? I taught her everything I could / And she taught methings too / And for three weeks, I spent my working days trying to recover / As each nightjust got longer with my language school lover / Well, every boy in our home town haddreams about a day / When they might get to kiss one of those girls from far away / A riteof passage19 for a few, vain hope for many more / I never will forget that girl from Sicily'swarm shore / And for three weeks I spent my working days trying to recover / As each nightjust got longer with my language school lover / Well, every weekend we would sneak awayfrom her class / Leave them to their sight seeing while we played in the grass / And by theriver, I learned things without a hint of shame / Though she learned that so far from home /Some pleasures are the same / And for three weeks,

OTHERI spent my working days trying to recover / As each night just got longer with my languageschool lover / Waiting there at ? Airport with my best fake grin 20/ I watched her leave thecountry just as quick as she came in / And though there was the vaguest plan to keep intouch 21as friends / We spoke twice more by telephone and then never met again / And forthree weeks, I spent my working days trying to recover / As each night just got longer withmy language school lover / So, fare-the-well my sweet Marabell I won't forget the days /When you turned me from boy to man in oh so many ways / And though you didn't learnmuch English in that three short weeks / We both got fluent in the language which everylover speaks / And for three weeks, I spent my working days trying recover / As each nightjust got longer with my language school lover / I said, for three weeks, I spent my workingdays trying to recover / As each night just got longer with my language school lover.

Extension and Review Study*note: we encourage you to respond to the questions and readings by posting on the new discussion board(Login using your Bob and Rob Show membership username and password)http://englishcaster.com/discussionboard/

1/ Have you ever studied abroad? If so where? Describe your experiences. If not, wherewould you like to go? What advice would you give to someone about to go on a studyabroad program or entering a foreign university?

Oxford University, Cambridge University, California State University. Macquarie University.Which one would you choose?

2/ If money were no object, what country would you like to visit for to study English? Why?What type of English (British, American, Canadian, Australian, Irish etc) would you mostlike to be exposed to and why?

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3/ Is your thinking old school in some ways?

4/ Do you subscribe to the current school of thought that humankind evolved from apes?

Glossary

Wimbledon1 = The English tennis championship held in Wimbledon in London, it is one offour grand slamformat 2 = style or structurea degree 3 = in the US and UK these are either B.A (Bachelor of Arts) or BSc (Bachelor ofScience)TOEFL 4 = Test of English as a Foreign Language. They now have a CBT (computer basedtest) Find out more at their homepage: http://www.ets.org/toefl/ Do some practice too here:http://www.stuff.co.uk/toefl.htmIELTS 5 = International English language Teaching System. This is a comprehensivecourse to prepare foreign students wishing to study at a UK university. It is a very difficulttest. Please read more at: http://www.ielts.org/ or try some exercises here:http://www.scottsenglish.com/ielts/pages/home.asp?gclid=CM_ZqfKp3IgCFQZJTAodA1BmkAmajor6 = your main subject of study and the one that you will graduate inA.A 7 =Associate of Arts. For examples, check out this site: http://www.online-education.net/associate-degree.htmlacronym 8 = group of letters that stand for something, e.g EFL stands for English as aForeign Languagepublic 9 = this word has different meanings in the US and UK. Public schools in the US arestate schools, but public schools in the UK are private. So, Eton, which is a famous publicschool in the UK, costs about 100 000 US dollars a year. This is strange, confusing buttrue.30% in the U.S 10 = In Japan, 80% of high school students go to university. In the UK, thecurrent rate is 35%, and increase of 20% since Robs day. The British government wantedto increase its university student population to be more in line with the rest of Europe.Please see more at this site which is essentially more interested in science studentshttp://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf96316/uk.htmmoney 11 = students have always been expected to pay their way through college in theUS, but it is only recently in Britain that they are expected to pay for their tuition fees.charisma 12 = the special ability to charm or attract peopleswept both the House and the Senate 13 = idiom meaning to win with an overwhelmingmajority. To sweep the houses is usually only used in politics at election timesdo you got 14 = this is grammatically incorrect but has attained almost slang status in aninformal way. It should be do you havepostgraduate students 15 = after the BA or BSc, one can study for an MA (Master of Arts),MSc (Master of Science), MPhil (Master of philosophy). After these postgraduate courses,one can finally try to do a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)ole 16 = this is an informal way of writing oldRamen 17 = these noodles are originally Chinese, but the Japanese version has beenchanged from the original. If you are ever in Japan, please try a bowl of ramen as they arecheap and taste great. Also, it is not considered rude in Japan to slurp your noodles.hit home 18 = Struck home is another idiom of the same meaning. To hit the mark / hitthe spot is yet another expression that suggests something was badly needed. E.G thatbeer hit the mark. I really needed it.

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A rite of passage 19 = a type of ceremony, ritual or experience one must go through inorder to develop in some way. Usually from puberty into adulthoodfake grin 20 = he was smiling but really he was sad, so his grin was not real. It was fake.keep in touch 21 = idiom meaning to continue to communicate with someone