English for presentation Unit 4

English for presentation

Unit four

As you can see from this graph …Unit 4

What are these visuals called? Match the numbers to the

descriptions.starter

bar chart table technical drawingflow chart map(line) graph pie chart

organizational chart





































Which of these visuals would you use to describe:

Your company’s market share?

Pie chart

The steps to be followed from order placement to delivery of a product?

Flow chart




profit

Which of these visuals would you use to describe:

Your company’s new organizational structure?

Organizational chart / organigram

A comparison of the net profit of last year’s four quarters?

Bar chart



My next slide shows …Unit 3

How do we open presentations review

I

W

S

E

Welcome the audience

Introduce yourself

Say what the topic is

Explain why the audience will be interested


What do you tell your audience in the introduction? review

Who you are

What the talk is about

Why your presentation is relevant to them

How the presentation is structured


How can we get the audience’s attention? review

Ask rhetoric question

Start with an interesting fact

Give them a problem to think about


What do you tell your audience in the introduction? review

How do you explain how your presentation is structured

I’ve divided my presentation into three main parts

In my presentation I’ll focus on three major issues

First , ……… second, …………………, third


How do you structure a presentation? review

Most formal - and many informal - presentations have three

main parts and follow this simple formula

Tell the audience what you are going to say !

Say it!

Tell them what you said!

= Introduction

= Main part

= Conclusion


How do you structure a presentation? review

There are several ways you can tell the audience what you

are going to say

Would like + infinitive

going to + infinitive

will + infinitive

will be + verb -ing


Today we are going to deal with:

1- Tools and media used for presentation

2- What expressions we should use to navigate the

presentation, to refer to previous or coming slides and give

more elaboration to the content

3- The most convenient way of formatting a slide


4- How we say numbers, especially long ones, and those

with fractions

5- How we replace exact numbers by approximate ones



7- How we emphasize important points.

8- How we express contrast and describe results

6- How we draw the audience’s attention.



profit

Presentation 1:

Listen to excerpts from three presentations and say what visuals are used.1

Presentation 2:

Presentation 3:


profit

Presentation 1:

Listen to excerpts from three presentations and say what visuals are used.1

Presentation 2:

Presentation 3:

pie chart

line (graph)

bar chart


profit

Now listen again and complete the sentences1

Presentation 1:

1- The next chart Shows the breakdown by age in

our company

2- You can see the biggest Indicates the segment

of the employees in the age group 30 to 50 Percentage


Talking about visuals 1

profit

The first rule of preparing effective visuals is that they should

be clear and easy for the audience to follow

However, sometimes it is necessary to explain a more

complicated visual, and it is always necessary to point out the

most important information



profit

How to explain visuals

First let me quickly explain the graph

You can see that different colors have been used to indicate …

The key in the bottom left-hand corner shows you …



profit

How to highlight information

I’d like to start by drawing your attention to …

What I’d like to point out here is …

I think you will be surprised to see …

I’d like you to focus your attention on …

Let’s look more closely at …


Exercise: Which is the box (page 33) 2

profit

1- in the center

2- in the bottom left-hand corner

3- across the top

4- down the left side of the slide

5- on the left

6- in the upper right-hand corner

7- across the bottom

8- on the right

b

a

d

e

f

c

h

g

Total Health Spending

nursing home care prescription drugs administrationdoctors and clinical servicesother spending hospital care


23 %

7%10 %

7%31%

22 %

This pie chart shows our total health spending for the last year

and how it is among the various health sector area.

Let’s begin with the biggest area which is

We can that 31 % of our total health spending

divided

see

in green.

went into hospital care last year. The second biggest area

of 23 % is “other spending” – that’s thewith a

shown

total


I think you will be

to see that nearly the same

- that’s 22 % - was spent on doctors and clinicalamount

segment here. It includes dental services and home health care.

surprised

services. This was manly because of the increase in medical

technology costs. I’d now like to draw your

Prescription drugs which for 10 % of our total costs.

to the

account

attention


Two presenters are describing graphs. Listen and complete the graphs. 5

fall fluctuated picking up

reached rose slumped


Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0

Two presenters are describing graphs. Listen and complete the graphs. 5

fall fluctuated picking up



200

400

800

1200

1400

0

600

1000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Complete the sentences from the two excerpts withwords from the boxes. Then listen again and check 6

decline fall fluctuated picking up


1- As you can see here, passenger numbers

between 2.1 and 2.3 million in first four months

2- They even moderately in May

fluctuated

rose



decline fall picking up

reached slumped

3- In June you’ll notice a sharp

4- Passenger traffic

in passenger numbers.

to about 1.5 million - a

of almost 40 %

fall

slumped decline



picking up

reached

5- As a result, ticket sales started

6- By the end of September, passenger numbers had

in July

just over 2 million.

picking up

reached



increase rocketed rose

went down stood


1- the figure by about 50,000 in the following year.

2- in 2005, however, sales to 1 million …

rose

rocketed


increase

went down stood


3- 2006 even saw a further in sales to 1.5 million …

4- As expected, sales again in 2007 and

at just over a million at the end of the year

increase

went down

stood

7


Upward Downward Other

climb double

expand go up

grow

pick up

reach a high

rise

increase

recover

decline decrease

drop fall

go down

plunge

hit a low

fluctuate

remain stable

stabilize

stay the same

These verbs describe movement or trends. Put them in the correct category: (page 36)

Talking about trends 7


We use the past simple to talk about a movement or trend which

happened in the past and now finished

Signal words of the past simple are:

last year / month / quarter …etc, in (January) , from 2008 - 2011

during (the Global Financial Crisis)

Examples: • In April, the rate of unemployment rose to 18 %.








Examples: • Our exports almost doubled between May and June.








Examples: • In 2003, china’s car production increased by 85 %



We use the present perfect to talk about a movement or trend

which started in the past but is not yet finished.

Signal words are:

since (October), for (five years), this (month, quarter, year …etc.)

expressions with “over” (over the past four months)

Examples:

• The number of German investors has declined since 2007





Signal words are:



Examples:

• The US economy has grown rapidly over the past six months





Signal words are:



Examples:

• High oil prices have affected OPEC countries positively for five years



Rise or Raise Rise (without an abject)

Oil prices rose dramatically last year.

Oil prices have risen over the past three years.

To raise sth (with an abject)

The oil industry raised prices last year. The European Central bank has raised interest rate.

present Past simple P. participle

rise rose risen

present Past simple P. participle

raise raised raised

8


Use the notes to make sentences in the past simple or present perfect

1- telephone costs / rise / since January

2- sales / drop / at the beginning of the year

3- energy consumption / increase / over the past 30 years

Telephone costs have risen since January.

Sales dropped at the beginning of the year

energy consumption has increased over the past 30 years

8


Rewrite sentences 1 - 6 to express the opposite (page37)

9


Read the sentences and check whether “rise” or “raise” have been used correctly. Correct the mistakes (page 37)

10


Choose the correct verb to fit the sentences (page 38)

1- productivity has hit a low - has gone down - fell in

November.

2- Output climbed up - has improved - recovered since 2003.

3- After the takeover in May, sales grew up - have decreased -

plunged

10


Choose the correct verb to fit the sentences (page 38)

4- This year our market share raised - has grown - dropped

down by 10 %.

5- Staff numbers have doubled - rose up - have raised this year.

6- In 2004, sales have climbed - slumped - have risen

11


The following sentences describe a graph. Put them in the correct order. Then listen and check.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

c

e

g

a

d

f

b

11


Match words from columns A and B to make word collocations from the text.

A

drastic

improve

rise

temporary

B

significantly

setback

steadily

decline

drastic decline

improve significantly

rise steadily

temporary setback

11


Talking about trends

There was a sudden increase in prices.

In August, we notice a moderate fall.

This was followed by a gradual decline.

In the second quarter there was a significant recovery.

The last decade witnessed a sharp rise in oil prices.

Adjective + noun

11


Talking about trends

Sales increased slightly in summer.

Over the past two years, the number has dropped significantly.

Last month, the rate rose sharply

Our financial situation improved moderately last month

The EU exports to the US market declined drastically in June

Adjective + noun

12


Complete the sentences by the correct form of the correct verb / adverb combinations in the box

The symbols indicate what kind of movement is described.Page (39)

13


Rewrite the sentences using an adjective + noun expression

Rewrite the sentences using an adjective + noun expression

and one of the sentence beginnings from the box Page (39)

14


Cause and effect

Sometimes it is necessary to interpret visuals. We can interpret either

by explaining the reason behind a fact (explaining the cause), or by

explaining consequences (effect) of something.

Examples:

The new financial policy has resulted in significant expenditure reduction

significant expenditure reduction is caused by the new financial policy

14


Do the exercise on page 40

lead to result in due to

Because and the reason is …

Express cause Express effect

due to

because

lead to

result in

and the reason is …

14


Checklist for using visuals (charts & graphs )

Make sure the visual is as clear and easy to understand.

Start by telling your audience what the graph illustrates.

Highlight the key points

Say why these points are important (explain the cause/ effect)

Use different verbs to explain movement / development

Use the same key words and phrases in your bullet chart.

14


Checklist for using visuals (charts & graphs )

What advice would you give someone who has to describe trends on graphs and charts?

Documents

English for presentation Unit 4