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asnoH LrJopueU urn6ua6 aruedr.lo: gpalrLrr1 lalsrapury 6urltog 91,g7 61q61,{do3
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]l viitorulcu,,will" 50 ,,Ob.1ect questions" 9i ,,sublect questions"
3 Prezent pentru evenimente viitoare intrebarr indirecte
3 Viitor continuu 56 E intrebiri disjunctive (Question tags)
3 Viitor perfect intrebari scurte60
3 viitorin trecut
3 Viitor - recapitulare intrebiri - recapitulare64
3 Diateza pasivd 66 3 Vorbirea indirecti
Dialeza pasivl la trecut 3 Timpuriin vorbirea indirectd
3 Diateza pasivd la viitor 72 3 Verbe pentru vorbirea indirectd
3 Diateza pasiva cu verbe modale 3 Vorbirea indirectdin propozilii negative
8
12
14
'16
20
22
28
30
32
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ti
3 Alte construclii pasive 3 intrebdriin vorbirea indirectd
3 Propozili i condilionale 78 3 Vorbirea indirectd - recapitulare
E Alte propozilii condilronale Tipuri de verbe
E Propozi\t condilionale - recapitulare 85 Verbe de acliune;i de stare
E Posibiliteli viitoare Infinitive gi participii88
E Dorinle ti regrete Construclii verbale
E Formare a interogativului 94 Construclii verbale cu complemente
E Cuvinte interogative 98 Construclii verbale cu prepozilii
flt '^trebirideschise Verbe frazale100
7
alrqEpErBuou t( a; qeperS anrl:alpy85t
esnduuo: aArluElsqns 961
ar nl rlsq n sala]luol ts allE]lsqE aAtlElsqns
tvz psdtll il
rola^rltuuut E elEUnlsald
aun sre^UI
ilPnluarlE € arEqLUrqls
Ar]lnporlur ,,11"
)ate-" n: ar'r1e8ota1ut alutAnl
,,ataq1"
a^rlEler unltnlls allvarelnlrde:a.t - ololrlrV
uolruUapau antlela; rrirzodot;
,rr ttirnp.c Ezsr rrie8rlqo
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I uoll ul;ap a^tlElar r rf rzodot6
arsasod f
elglploqau eunuord d
allxal;ar aLunuord { 8srun1e1s r( ltlsa8ns il
I liPtltuP: e ateur txotdy
aleuosrad aurnuord D
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-Trtffii'
202
208
,'l0
212
216
220
226
228
230
232
;
240
*,
244
*,
._25U
252
255
3 Adjective la comparativ E Cuvinte de legituri - recapitulare
E Doui comparative impreuna Prefixe
3 comparalti cu,,as... as" @ srrir"
Adjective la su perlativ Expresii care se confundi ugor
Adverbe de mod Secvenliere st or gantzare
A Comparativulgisuperlativuladverbelor 274 E corectare gischimbare a subiectului
Adverbe de grad Decizie 9i afirmatri evazive
Adverbe de timp
Adverbe de frecventd
Conversa!ie
Referinfe
Glosar
lndice gi mulfumiri
E ,,So" 9i ,,such"
@ ,,Enough" gi ,,too"
@! Prepozilii
@ Prepozilii pentru loc
@ Prepozilii pentru timp
$t Alte prepozilii
@t Prepozilii dependente
@ Conlunclil coordonatoare
E Conjunclii subordonatoare
@ Alte cuvinte de legatura 310
pzpq ap pLu]ol pl ,,s-" p3nepP as
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",aq"
nJ
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nldhllS INIZ:IUd
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5
unldurls luazordLO
TERMINATIlLE,,-S" 51,,-ES"La unele verbe se adaugd,,-es" pentru ,,he", ,,she" 9i ,,it",
I go to bed.
He to bed.Se adau
lfinish work.
He finishes work./Seadaugd, -/
,,-es" la verbeleterminate in ,,-sh".
lwatch TV.
She watches TV.I
Se adaugit -/,,-es" la verbele
terminate in ,,-ch".,,-es" la verbele
terminate in ,,-o"
I cross the road.
the road. She fixes cars.I
Se adaugi -./,,-es" la verbele
terminate in ,,-x".
Shese aaauga -/
,,-es" la verbeleterminate in ,,-ss".
ALTE EXEMPLE
Tom does the dishes every evening.
She teaches English to six students. . . .aaaHe blushes when he's embarrassed.
Nu trebuie si adaugi verbul auxiliar,,do" cAnd formeziprezentul simplu. Acesta este folosit doar pentru a formapropozilii interogative sau negative.
-=-C prezentul simplu este folosit cu,,he",
. -: t'' sau numele unei persoane,
= -- inatia este intotdeauna ,,-s" sau ,,-es".
Se adaugi un ,,-s"
la forma de baze,,start"
He starti work at 11am. O
He start work at llam. 8,,Start" fdri un ,,-s" este folositdoar pentru ,,1" , ,,you" ,,,we" 5i ,,they"
I eat lunch at noon every day. O
I do eat lunch at noon every day. E,,Do" este folosit ca verb auxiliar doar cindse formeazi propozilii negative sau interogative
Their phones buzzall day,
His phonebuzzes all day.I
Seadauga --/,, es" la verbele
terminate in ,,-2"
He washes the windows on Fridays.
9
1.2
GRESELI DES INTALNITE FORMARE A PREZENTULUI SIMPLU
'plo sJEe^ uenas s,Aqng'p;o s.rea{ Z6 sr Prupue.r8 {61
'u"fueuv s,eHillla
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il/eqs/aH
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,,HAVE" LA PREZENT SIMPLU CUM SE FORMEAZA
- e,,'e" este un verb neregulat. Forma de persoana. .'e a singular este ,,has", nu ,,haves".
$ ffiw# a garage.
,,Has" este folosit pentrupersoana a treia singular:
z- ,,he",,,she" gi ,,it",
I
u
We
Theyagarage.
The cat has a new collar.
He has a cold.
a painful back. driving
the same dress. Jaek Etas a bad headache.
Sarah has coffee withTom every Tuesday.
l,usl oH
lou s,oH
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reqf,Pal E lou ru,l
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nrrnl riela)e
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:ri rzal
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ZO
PROPOZTTil NEGATIVE CU ALTE VERBE LA PREZENT SIMPLU
Pentru alte verbedecdt ,,be", se puneinaintea verbului ,,donot" sau ,,does not"oentru a obtineforma negativd. I
I work outside.
do not work outside.
f\hlil
He works inside.
He does not work inside.
FIffi*\\ Verb la forma
de bazi
CUM SE FORMEAZA
- Forma de bazi este folositiindiferent care este subiectul
ALTE EXEMPLE
a
we don't start work at 8am. fi$.k?
Hedo "1"::"r.""
EPtrase pentru ,,does not".
tY You do not have a computer.
tI I He does not live in Los Angeles.
TA
l/You /We/ They
He/She/lt
,t': .l principal (predicativ) dintr-o:,:::,czitie negativd rdmine mereu He dOeS nOt WOfk OUtSide. Oa -----ra de bazi, chiar daci subiectul&-n= ,:e , ,,she" sau ,,it". He dOeS nOt WOfkS OUtSide. a
2.3
-l
GRE$ELr DES INTALNTTE FORMARE A PROPOZITIILOR NEGATIVE
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anr1e3ola1u1 alurAnr alrsoloJ U ]od
YZVTT UOT rS r/{nf
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'rnlnllarqns EalureuJ ]eSnppp atnqal],,saop" nps ,,op" lptltxnp
InqraA 'aqra^ a]lelalar nrluad 'rnln]rarqns e 16 rnlnqraA erirzodpuESJaAUr auriqo as ,,oq" nl nldurs rnlnluazaJd p p^tleSolalut eu-|ol
p^lleSololu I EurroJ n ld u !s luazold
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t0
PROPOZITil INTEROGATIVE CU ,,DO" $l ,,DOES"
Pentru propoziliiinterogative cu alte you work in an office.verbe decAt,,be",
She works in a school.
she kinaschool?I\ Verbul principal este
la forma de bazi.cu ,,1" , ,,you" ,,,we" 9i ,,they" la intrebirile cu
,,he", ,,she" gi ,,it"
:UM SE FORMEAZA
l/you/we/they
he/she/it
Verbul nu primeSte niciodati un ,,-s"sau un ,,-es" cind pui o intrebare
Does Tom get up at 6am?
When does the party start?Pot fi folosite cuvinte interogative'inainte de ,,do" sau ,,does" pentrua forma intrebari deschise
, -,: -:: - ciodatd,,-s" sau ,,-es" la forma de bazd a verbului cdnd pui
.:.-= :hlar ;i la persoana a treia singular (,,he", ,,she" sau ,,it").
I ::s he finish work on time? Q Does he finishes work on time? $\ ,.,, adiuga,,s" sau ,,es" la verbul
la forma de bazi in intrebiri. principal cAnd pui o intrebare
1
II
Adauga,does" ---/
GREgELI DES INTALNITE FORMARE A INTEROGATIVULUI LA PREZENT SIMPLU
'qmflr
'seuoqd reqt uo turl;e1a.re {aql
'luel,uotu eql lE tugxe;e.r s,aq5'saqsrp eql turrlsem sr aH
'top eql tur>;;urvr ere e A
ltdWlxl lltv
tugrearvr
YZVTT UOT rS Wnf
luatt.toLlJ lsare u191du-rg1u1 as a:arlfsac nnurluo) lnluazatd alsa ,rO
\ /-
,,aq" lnqra^ al6asolo;nnurluo) lnluazard
POI mq 'suPe[ sJPre^A {;;ensn elln I'pleladar aglenlls o n"r"uni;l"o /
au:sa6 'n;durs ;nluazard alsa Elsa)V
'P^rlPrnp'PlPnirE
aunri:e o ar.r)sap e nrluad
]rsoloJ alsa nnurluof lnluazard
nnNlINO) INIZ:IUd
[S !]dLrLled rS a,rrt u tu
0S arels ap i aunrire ap eqren 1 n dr-u s luazar;:rs lzan
'luazard nrdr:rped Lrn rs ,,aq" nl ]pr,lr.ro,t alsl'luazald lnluaurour ul aJplnJep u1 runri:e ardsap
rqJon p nrluad ]rsolol alsa nnurluol InluazoJd ,I T
i,nnultuof luazordv0
,,9N1-" + gul^
L'n
REGULI DE ORTOGRAFIERE PENTRU PARTICIPIUL PREZENT
:at cipiul prezent este format prin addugarea lui ,,-ing" la forma de bazd
' verbului. Unele participii au reguli de ortografiere uSor diferite.
Ultima literaeste,,-e".
\tchoose
Ultimele llteresunt,,-ie".
Ultimele litere sunt consoani-vocali-consoana, iar silaba finala este accentuata
,{
sfu*pwear
wearingI
Adaugi,,-ing" penru -/a forma participii
prezente regulate
choosingl
Elimint,,,e,,-ul. -/ Schimbi,-ie" in ,y''.
\tie
g)
shoppingDubleazi ultina -/
literi, dacd nu este
,,vl', ,,x" sau ;/'.
ALTE EXEMPLE
Nu dubla ultima litere Pentruci silaba finali nu este accentuata.
They're opening a store next week.
Harry is always lying to his mother.
I am cutting some aPPles.
My uncle is writing a novel.
: Terry is mopping the floor.
My mother is baking us a cake.
=':ele de actiune pot fi folosite in forme simple gi continue.
=-:ele de stare nu sunt de obicei folosite la forma continud
#ffi I *, ffi?,;Hfi":"rs 8
GRESELI DES INTALNITE VERBE DE STARE LA TIMPURI CONTINUE