Upload
edgar-blankenship
View
222
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
English Civil War and the
Glorious Revolution
Adair Doran
Ruling families
TUDOR (1500s)
STUART (1600s)
Relationship with Parliament
Mary Stuart
Mary Suart
Cousin of Elizabeth Mother of James VI of Scotland beheaded by ELizabeth
James I
James I (1603 - 1625)
Son of Mary King of Scotland Protestant scholar believed in Divine Right
Quarrels with Parliament over: money religion foreign policy parliament made up of
• House of Lords - nobles
• House of Commons• middle class, many Puritans
Charles I
Charles I (1625-1649)
Son of James same problems and more courageous and intelligent Catholic oriented divine right
Argued with Parliament over money• lectures them and dismisses them
• forced loans• imprisoned if refused
• quartered soldiers in private homes
1628 - desperately needs money Calls Parliament Forced to sign the Petition of
Rights Signs and sends Parliament home Short Parliament Ruled without for next 11 years
William Laud made Archbishop of Cantebury
Special courts set up Ship money Scotland
Long Parliament (1640-1653)
Needs money to protect England from Scottish invasion
Forced to call Parliament Parliament upset forced Charles to agree to
Petition of Rights Triennial Act Remove unpopular ministers and
put them on trial abolish special courts The longer they meet the more
radical they become
English Civil War 1642-1649 Cavaliers
• support king, Anglican Church, divine right, nobles, rural area
Roundheads• support Parliament, middle class,
Puritans, SE England, London
Civil War Cavaliers victorious at first WHY? Oliver Cromwell
• turning point
• New Model Army
Cromwell
Charles captured and put on trial in 1649
beheaded - remove king, house of lords, etc. Parliament rules
declared a republic - THE COMMOMWEALTH Problems remain
Oliver Cromwell takes over Lord Protector (1649-1658) reforms society, puritan rules Irish Policy dies 1658, son takes over English want to return to way things
were
THE RESTORATION Ask Charles II to become king 1660-1685 Declaration of Breda has limits placed on his rule
• Magna Carta, Petition of Rights
• Habeas Corpus Act Problems Test Act
Charles II
James II (1685-1688) brother of Charles openly pro-Catholic keeps own private army remarries birth of son
James II
Glorious Revolution 1688-1689 William and Mary English Bill of Rights
• made parliament stronger than the monarchy
• protected individual rights Act of Settlement