English 4

UNIT 2MAKE, REFUSE AND ACCEPT INVITATIONS

“Connectors”

E.T.E. Karim Juárez CortesIdea original y Diseño

Connectors

We can use some connectors to join sentences that can express different things.

1. Words or phrases that express reason: because, because of, as a result of, etc.

Examples:

We couldn’t find a good seat because all the best ones had been taken.

I arrive late to the meeting because I didn’t catch the bus on time.

We are unable to go by train because of the rail strike.

I am not going to go to the picnic as a result of the bad weather conditions.

Connectors

Because + clause usually comes after the main clause

Because of, as a result of, are followed by a noun or noun phrase.

2. Words or phrases that express contrast: but, although (neutral), however, etc.

Examples:

He had a sprained ankle, but he went out for a walk.

The computer manufacturers have agreed to replace the computers

free of charge, but the new computers will not be installed for at least

three months.

Although the computer manufacturers have agreed to replace the

computers free of charge, the new computers will not be installed for

at least three months.

But + clause usually comes after the main clause

Although + subject and a verb.

Relationship Words

Addition (AND*), Besides, in addition, also, moreover, furthermore, equally important, then,

Contrast (BUT), although, though, despite, the fact that, however, nevertheless, in spite of, on the other hand, in contrast, otherwise, on the contrary.

Result (SO), because, since, therefore, consequently, thus, hence, accordingly, as a result, because of, due to

Example For example, for instance, as an illustration, namely, specifically.

Time Sequence First, second, third…. First of all, then, Next, after that, finally, afterwards, before, after, soon, later, meanwhile, subsequently, immediately,

eventually, currently.

Summary Hence, in short, in brief, in summary, in conclusion, finally.

Concession To be sure, of course, certainly, granted

Place In front, in the foreground, in the back, in the background, at the side, adjacent, nearby, in the distance, here, there

Common transitional expressions and the relationship they signal.

REFERENCES

Bibliography:

C. RICHARDS Jack , ( 1997), “ New Interchange 2 ” Cambridge University Press, p 80 -85 EVANS Virginia and DOOLEY Jenny, ( 2000), “ Enterprise 2 ”, Express Publishing. USA Evans Virginia, y Dooley Jenny (2000): Enterprise 1 Grammar Book . USA, Express Publishing Evans Virginia, y Dooley Jenny (1999): Enterprise 3 Grammar Book . USA, Express Publishing Evans Virginia y Dooley Jenny ( 2005): Upstream Beginner A1+. USA, Express Publishing. STEMPLESKI Susan, DOUGLAS Nancy and R. MORGAN James, (2005) “World Link 1

Developing English Fluency”, USA: Thomson Learning. Connectors, consulltada el dia 28 de septiembre de 2011.

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