English 11 Writing/CommunicationMr. Rinka Lesson #19

Public SpeakingDebate

National Forensic league

http://quietube2.com/v.php/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjbuhOh3jyU&feature=related

Debatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debate

Debate is contention in argument; dispute, controversy; discussion; esp. the discussion of questions of public interest in Parliament or in any assembly. Debating is carried out in many assemblies of various types to discuss matters and

to make resolutions about action to be taken, often by a vote. Deliberative bodies such as parliaments, legislative assemblies, and meetings of all sorts engage in debates. In particular, in parliamentary democracies a legislature debates and decides on new laws. Formal debates between

candidates for elected office, such as the leaders debates and the U.S. presidential election debates, are sometimes held in democracies. Debating is also carried out for educational and recreational purposes, usually associated with educational establishments. The major goal of the study of debate

as a method or art is to develop the ability to debate rationally from either position with equal ease. Debate is a method of interactive and representational argument. Debate is a broader form of argument than deductive reasoning, which only examines whether a conclusion is a

consequence of premises, and factual argument, which only examines what is or isn't the case, or rhetoric which is a technique of persuasion. Though logical consistency, factual accuracy and some degree of emotional appeal to the audience are important elements of the art of persuasion, in

debating, one side often prevails over the other side by presenting a superior "context" and/or framework of the issue, which is far more subtle and strategic. The outcome of a debate depends upon consensus or some formal way of reaching a resolution, rather than the objective facts as such. In

a formal debating contest, there are rules for participants to discuss and decide on differences, within a framework defining how they will interact. Informal debate is a common occurrence; the quality and depth of a debate improves with knowledge and skill of its participants as debaters. The

outcome of a contest may be decided by audience vote, by judges, or by some combination of the two. Debates are sometime organized for purely competitive purposes.

NFL – Not football

http://quietube2.com/v.php/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7QobzUtIaD4

National Forensic Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Forensic_League

The National Forensic League is a non-profit educational honor society established to encourage American high school students to participate in and become proficient in the forensic arts: debate, public speaking and interpretation.

NFL is the America's oldest and largest high school speech and debate honor society. Since 1925, NFL has enrolled over 1.3 million students in fulfillment of its motto, "training youth for leadership.“ The organization is the central agent for coordination and facilitation of heightened public

awareness of the value of speech communication skills, development of educational initiatives for student and teacher training, excellence in interscholastic competition, and the promotion of honor society ideals. The word "forensic" is an adjective meaning "of public debate or argument." The word is derived from

the Latin word forensis, meaning "of the forum." The sense of the word "forensic" that means "pertaining to legal trials" dates from the 17th century (Oxford English Dictionary) and led to the use of the word "forensics" in reference to legal evidence.

NFL Mission Statementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Forensic_League

"The National Forensic League believes that all students should be empowered to become effective communicators, ethical individuals, critical thinkers, and leaders in a democratic society. We exist to promote secondary school speech

and debate activities and interscholastic competition as a means to develop a student’s lifelong skills and values and to increase the public’s awareness of the value of speech, debate and communication education."

NFL Eventshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Forensic_League

Policy DebateLincoln-Douglas DebatePublic forum DebateForeign Extemporaneous SpeakingDomestic Extemporaneous SpeakingOriginal OratoryDramatic Interpretation

Humorous InterpretationDuo InterpretationCongressional DebateProse interpretationPoetry InterpretationExtemporaneous CommentaryExpository AddressImpromptu SpeakingStorytelling

Impromptu Speaking

After receiving or choosing a subject, the speaker has a very brief amount of time (1-2 minutes) to prepare a broad outline for a five minute speech. He/She then presents the speech to the audience.

Impromptu Speaking Format

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impromptu_Speaking

1. Introduction/Roadmap(1 minute)2. First Main Point (1 minute)3. Second Main Point (1 minute)4. Third Main Point (1 minute)5. Conclusion(1 minute)

Impromptu Speaking

http://quietube2.com/v.php/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iv6kQ7-2RZI

Additional Assignment #1

Students should choose a topic to address in an Impromptu Speech following the format in slide #21.

#19 Impromptu Topics

Lincoln-Douglas Debatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln-Douglas_Debate

A two person debate on a topic in which one side takes the affirmative (in favor) on a position and the other takes the Negative (against) on the same position. Both will present their cases as well as challenge each other with questions

Lincoln-Douglas Debatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln-Douglas_Debate

while answering challenge questions. These debates take preparation and research. Since one never knows what questions will be asked, speakers must be prepared for all possibilities.

Lincoln-Douglas Debate Format

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln-Douglas_Debate

6 min. Affirmative Constructive (AC)

The Affirmative reads a pre- written case.3 mi. Cross Examination (CX)

The Negative asks the Affirmative questions.

7 min. Negative Constructive (NC) and First Negative Rebuttal (1RB)

The Negative reads a pre-written case and moves on to address the Affirmative’s case.

3 min. Cross Examination (CX)The Affirmative asks theNegative questions.

4 min. First Affirmative Rebuttal (1AR)The Affirmative addresses both his/her opponents case and his/her own.

6 min. The Negative Rebuttal (2NR)

The Negative addresses the arguments of the previous speech and summarizes the round for the judges.

3 min. The Second Affirmative Rebuttal (2AR)The Affirmative

addresses the arguments of the previous speech and summarizes the round for the judges.

Judges use a point system to determine the winner of the debate.

Sample Resolutions for Debate

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln-Douglas_Debate

Resolved: A government has the obligation to lessen the economic gap between its rich and poor citizens. (NFL Nationals 2012)Resolved: Targeted Killing is a morally permissible foreign policy tool. (March/April 2012)

Resolved: It is morally permissible for victims to use deadly force as a deliberate response to repeated domestic violence. (Jan./Feb. 2012)Resolved: Individuals have a moral obligation to assist people in need. (Nov./Dec. 2011)Resolved: Justice requires the recognition of animal rights. (Sept./Oct. 2011)

Resolved: When forced to choose, a just government ought to prioritize universal human rights over its national interest. (NFL Nationals 2011)Resolved: The United States has a moral obligation to promote just governance in developing nations. (NCFL Nationals 2011)

Resolved: The United States is justified in using private military firms abroad to pursue its military objectives. (March/April 2011)Resolved: In the United States, juveniles charged with violent felonies ought to be treated as adults in the criminal justice system. (Jan./Feb. 2011)

Resolved: The abuse of illegal drugs ought to be treated as a matter of public health, not of criminal justice. (November/December 2010)

Debate Competition

http://quietube2.com/v.php/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngPv3kfPDck&feature=related

Additional Assignment #2

Resolved: Individuals have a moral obligation to assist people in need. Using this resolution pair up and debate this resolution in front of the class. Use one class period for preparation. You can do research on the internet. Follow the L-D Debate format.(slides 26-29)

English 11 Writing/CommunicationMr. Rinka Lesson #19

Public SpeakingDebate