Engineering Bulletin #102 front cover - Malaysian Palm Oil …palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/POEB/poeb105.pdf · · 2016-08-13it will focus on the specific types of audit like

PALM OIL ENGINEERING BULLETIN NO. 105 1

Engineering Bulletin #102

front cover

ISSUE NO. 105 (Oct. - Dec. 2012)

LEMBAGA MINYAK SAWIT MALAYSIAMALAYSIAN PALM OIL BOARD

KEMENTERIAN PERUSAHAAN PERLADANGAN DAN KOMODITI MALAYSIAMINISTRY OF PLANTATION INDUSTRIES AND COMMODITIES, MALAYSIA

Website: www.mpob.gov.my


EDITORIAL BOARD

ChairpersonDatuk Dr Choo Yuen May

MembersDr Lim Weng SoonAb Aziz Md Yusof

SecretaryIr N Ravi Menon

Malaysian Palm Oil BoardMinistry of Plantation Industries and Commodities,

MalaysiaP. O. Box 10620, 50720 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Tel: 603-8769 4400Fax: 603-8925 9446

Website: www.mpob.gov.my

© Malaysian Palm Oil Board, 2012All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, in any form or by any means, electronic,

mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Products and services advertised in thisPalm Oil Engineering Bulletin do not

connote endorsement by MPOB.

Editorial

see page 2

CONTENTS

Editorial

TRAINING AND SEMINARSMPOB Training Programme 2013

MPOB Conferences/Seminars 2013

FEATURE ARTICLESCoalescing Clarifier for Crude Palm Oil Clarification

Introduction to Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO)

Significance of Oil Extraction Rate (OER) Efficiency in a Palm Oil Mill

DATASHEET Approximate Mass Balance in a 10 t hr-1 Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) Processing Mill

1

7

9

21

39

35

8

he drafting of the Malaysian Standard Palm Oil (MSPO) principles and guidelines have been completed and tabled to

the stakeholders for their review. It is expected to be endorsed by the relevant authorities before it becomes mandatory for implementation by the plantation sector, if such a move is deemed necessary for the welfare of the industry.

Compared to the Code of Practice (CoP) audit that MPOB has been conducting for the past two years, MSPO will have a much larger scope than CoP, as it covers a very wide area. CoP will still remain relevant as an essential component of MSPO but it will focus on the specific types of audit like nurseries, plantations, mills and other downstream activities in the supply chain under the MSPO umbrella, which contains mainly common principles applicable to all types of audits.

In this issue, we have brought to focus our attention to all the principles, sections and sub-sections involved in the audit structure. One of the important requirements in the MSPO audit is the need for a large number of documentation. All discussions, meetings, speeches, training, grievances and other activities as stipulated in the MSPO guidelines have to be documented, something which the industry is not accustomed to. We have no choice in this as the auditors need records for verification of compliances.

The documentation of such a large number of events may appear to be a sheer waste of time but in actual fact the time taken for documentation will become insignificant as the mills get used to the art of documentation. The mills may not even require an average of 1 hr per week to document events. The morning sessions are usually repetitive and easy to replicate without the need for preparation. The standard of procedures and policies once drafted need not be replicated as a simple reference to it should suffice.

T

PALM OIL ENGINEERING BULLETIN NO. 1052

from page 1

CALL FOR ARTICLESPersonnel of the palm oil mills are invited to send in articles of relevance to the palm oil industry in Malaysia for publication in Palm Oil Engineering Bulletin. By sharing your expertise you will be helping the industry and the nation as a whole. The topics of interest are:

1. Plant modifications done in your mill that resulted in improvements in milling operation or main-tenance.

2. Innovations done in your mill that produced improvements in the operation of the mill and that you are willing to share them with others.

3. Any special work done in your mill that directly resulted in improvements in OER and product quality.

Please submit your article to us and we shall be pleased to publish them in Palm Oil Engineering Bulletin. Feel proud to have your articles published in this Bulletin that is circulated throughout the industry and MPOB offices worldwide.

A simple method of creating a paperless documentation method is proposed in this issue. A junior executive of a mill can initiate the documentation process and within a week the mill can churn out excellent documentation that the MSPO requires. This preparation will pave the way for a credible audit by our qualified audit team.

Can we expect the millers to take the initiative to launch their own internal MSPO audit and get everything ready for the actual certification audit? The millers do not have to wait for someone to find non-compliance in their mills. When the millers are ready they can request the MSPO audit team to carry out the certification audit.


Training & Seminars

MPOB TRAINING PROGRAMME SCHEDULE 2013

CODE NO. TITLE DATE VENUE

A COURSES 1 OIL PALM

A1.1 Kursus Kemahiran Menggred Buah Sawit

Bil. 1: Wilayah Utara 26 – 28 Mac Hotel Taiping Perdana, Perak

Bil. 2: Wilayah Sabah 9 – 11 Apr *Bil. 3: Wilayah Tengah 23 – 25 Apr *Bil. 4: Wilayah Timur 21 – 23 Mei *Bil. 5: Wilayah Selatan 11 – 13 Jun *Bil. 6: Wilayah Sarawak 25 – 27 Jun *Peperiksaan Bil. 17 Semenanjung 30 Okt *Peperiksaan Bil. 16 Sabah 20 Nov *

A1.2 Intensive Diploma in Oil Palm Management and Technology (IDOPMT)

Semester I 4 – 29 Mar MPOB HQEstate Attachment 1– 5 Apr MPOB HQSemester II 8 Apr – 10 May MPOB HQEstate Attachment 13 – 17 May MPOB HQSemester III 20 May – 7 Jun MPOB HQ

A1.3 Kursus Operator Mekanisasi Ladang

Tahap 1 dan 2 Mac PLASMA Keratong, Pahang

Tahap 1 dan 2 Sept PLASMA Keratong, Pahang

A1.4 Kursus Pengurusan dan Penyelenggaraan Tapak Nurseri Sawit

Bil. 1: Wilayah Sarawak Mac* * Bil. 2: Wilayah Sabah 16 – 17 Apr *Bil. 3: Wilayah Timur/Selatan 14 – 15 Mei *Bil. 4: Wilayah Utara 10 – 11 Sep *Bil. 5: Wilayah Tengah 24 – 25 Sep *


Forthcoming Events

For enquiry or further information, please contact:

HRD & Conference Management UnitTel. No. : 03-8769 4400 ext. 4865, 4867Fax No. : 03-8925 7549E-mail : [email protected]’s website : www.mpob.gov.my

All information are correct as at press time.

2 PALM OILA2.1 Diploma in Palm Oil Milling Technology

and Management (DIPOM)Semester I 11 – 20 Mar MPOB HQSemester II 13 – 22 May MPOB HQSemester III 24 Jun – 3 Jul MPOB HQExam Semester III 2 – 3 Sep MPOB HQ

A2.2 The 27th MPOB Oil Palm Products Surveying Course

1 – 5 Jul *

A2.3 The 26th MPOB Oil Palm Products Surveying Examination

Oct* *

A2.4 Kursus Penyelia Kilang Minyak Sawit

Peperiksaan

23 – 27 Sep

11 Nov

PLASMA Lahad Datu, Sabah

PLASMA Lahad Datu, Sabah

A2.5 Kursus Pengendali Makmal Kilang Minyak Sawit 10 – 20 Jun MPOB HQ

A2.6 Margerine Course 25 Feb -1 Mar MPOB HQA2.7 Kursus Kemahiran dan Pengetahuan Asas

Rawatan Tertiari Efluen SawitWilayah Sabah Wilayah SarawakWilayah Semenanjung

2 – 4 Jul24 – 26 Sep29 – 31 Okt

***

A2.8 Kursus Penyelia Bengkel Kilang Sawit 30 Sep – 4 Okt MPOB HQA2.9 2nd Introductory Course on Oleochemical (ICOC) 6 – 7 May MPOB HQ

A2.10 Kursus Drebar Enjin 7 – 11 Okt MPOB HQ B MPOB CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS

1. Palm Oil Economic Review and Outlook Seminar 14 Jan Doubletree by Hilton, Kuala Lumpur

2 Workshop: Branding of Malaysian Palm Oil 21 – 22 Jan IOI Marriott Putrajaya, Putrajaya

3 PAC Seminar 11 April MPOB HQ4 TOT Seminar Jun* MPOB HQ5 GSAS Seminar Jun* MPOB HQ6 33rd Palm Oil Familiarisation Programme 1-8 Sep* *7 MICCOS Seminar Oct* MAEPS, Serdang8 IOPRI-MPOB International Seminar 14 – 15 Nov *


Feature Article

* Malaysian Palm Oil Board, P. O. Box 10620, 50720 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

**Concept Engineering Sdn Bhd, No. 29 & 31, Jalan Industri USJ 1/4, 47600 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.

E-mail: [email protected]

Coalescing Clarifier for Crude Palm Oil Clarification

Mohamad Sulong*; Ronnie C W Tan** and Krisada Chavananand**

WFUNDAMENTALS

hen oil passes through interspaces between the coalescence plate separator plate, it imparts shear

forces to the small oil particles causing them to agglomerate, thereby preventing the formation of emulsion. As a result, the diameter of the oil particles become large and separation efficiency improves.

BASIS FOR SIZING AND SELECTION

For liquid-liquid coalescers, as with any process equipment, successful sizing and selection is always a combination of empirical observation/experience and analytical modelling.

Of the three steps in coalescing, i.e. droplet capture, combining of the collected droplets and gravity separation of the enlarged droplets – the first and the last can be modelled with good accuracy and repeatability. The modelling of the middle and the actual coalescing step is a complex function of surface tension and

viscous effects, droplet momentum and the dynamics of sizes of the droplets in the dispersion.

Two units were designed for a 60 t FFB hr-1 palm oil mill that used a conventional vertical clarifier tank as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The material used for the construction of the coalescence separator was stainless steel SS 316 inserts, in a mild steel casing with insulation thermal control and flow control equipment.

a

b


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c d

e f

g h


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i j

Figure 1. Coalescing clarifier (OILSEP) – first generation (Indonesia).

Figure 2. Coalescing clarifier (OILSEP) at Vichitbhan oil mill – second generation.

OILSEP DEVELOPMENT HISTORY

Years Events

2000

2002

2005 – 2008

2009

2009

2010

R&D with MPOB. Tested pilot unit at Krau Palm Oil Mill.

First units installed in a mill in Indonesia. First generation.

Three units in operation in Thailand.

Two units installed in Thailand for mill upgrading.

Discussion with interested parties: Univanich (Thailand), Papua New Guinea, Keck Seng (Malaysia), West Africa.

Planning to conduct testing on OILSEP without dilution.

k


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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE OF A SLUDGE SEPARATOR

Average flow rate: 11 800 kg hr-1 with 1.8 mm nozzle showing a strong correlation between oil content in feed and the oil content in the centrifuge heavy phase.

Figure 3. Oil in underflow of coalesce clarifier – Vichitbahan oil mill.

Figure 4. Average material flow into centrifuge.

Figure 5. Infeed oil content – conventional clarifier.

kg h

r-1

1614121086420

(‘000)

Day

Day


Figure 6. Centrifuge heavy phase oil content.

Figure 8. Oil in the underflow of the coalescer clarifier – Vichitbahan oil mill.

COMPARISON OF OIL CONTENT IN THE UNDERFLOW OF THE OIL CLARIFIER

Average 6.82% Average 7.72%

Average 11.7%

Figure 7. Infeed oil content – conventional clarifier.

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Day

Day

Day


Figure 9. Material balance of conventional crude palm oil clarifier.

Figure 10. Material balance of coalescing clarifier (OILSEP).

Figures 3 and 6 give the performance of the sludge separated, while Figures 7 and 10 give the performance of the coalescing clarifier (OILSEP).

PERFORMANCE COMPARISON

Tables 2 and 3 show the performance data of the oil separator (OILSEP) and the vertical clarifier. OILSEP seems to outperform vertical clarifier in almost all activities except in the cost which is more than double.

CONCLUSION

OILSEP utilises coalescing principle to enhance stokes gravity settling. This device also helps to agglomerate small oil droplets formed during emulsification of crude oil slurry resulting in better oil recovery in a short oil retention time. The process also complies with good milling practices as all parts in contact with oil are made of stainless steel.

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Flow 36 000 kg hr-1

Oil 35% 12 600 kg hr-1

VM 58% 20 880 kg hr-1

NOS 7% 2520 kg hr-1

Flow 10 551 kg hr-1

Oil 98.9% 12 600 kg hr-1

VM 0.82% 85.0 kg hr-1

NOS 0.28% 29 kg hr-1

Flow 25449 kg hr-1

Oil 8.5% 12 600 kg hr-1

VM 81.7% 20 795 kg hr-1

NOS 9.8% 2491 kg hr-1

1946.7 kg hr-1 oil

216.3 kg hr-1 oil (3.6 kg t-1 FFB)

RT= 4-7 hr

Flow 11 985.6 kg hr-1

Oil 99.5% 10 985.6 kg hr-1

VM 0.47% 52.6 kg hr-1

NOS 0.03% 3.5 kg hr-1

Flow 24 958.3 kg hr-1

Oil 6.5% 1614.4 kg hr-1

VM 83.5% 20 827.4 kg hr-1

NOS 10% 2516.5 kg hr-1

Flow 36000 kg hr-1

Oil 35% 12 600 kg hr-1

VM 58% 20 880 kg hr-1

NOS 7% 2520 kg hr-1

1453 kg hr-1 oil

161.4 kg hr-1 oil (2.6 kg t-1 FFB)


TABLE 1. COMPARISON BETWEEN OILSEP AND VERTICAL CLARIFIER

Description OILSEP Vertical clarifier RemarksOil recovery 12 438 kg hr-1 12 383.7 kg hr-1 54.9 kg hr-1

Oil content (underflow) 5% - 7% 8.0% - 12% OILSEP very consistent Feeding and temperature control

Automatic 90°C ± 2°C

Normally non-auto95°C – 98°C

Low temperature minimise quality deterioration

Oil quality DOBI2.6 – 2.8

DOBI2.0 – 2.5

Consistent

Retention time 1 – 1.5 hr 4 – 7 hr Oil flow out within 45 min

Footprint for oil room 9 m x 6.5 m x 6 m (H) Much bigger Depends on tank size

Material of construction Housing – 304 SSInserts – 316 SS

304 SS lining Complies with CoP of mills Long life

Note: DOBI – deterioration of bleachability index.CoP- code of practices.


Description OILSEP Vertical clarifier RemarksMaintenance and cleaning

Very easy Time consuming High pressure water jet for inserts cleaning

Purification requirement

Not required Yes Cleaner oil

Automation Fully auto, flow control, temperature control

Partial in some installation

Ensuring laminar flow for better oil coalescing

System performance Dynamic constant shearing of crude slurry

Static, no barrier for solid movement

OILSEP is a dynamic system

Total surface area 150 m2 surface for shearing action

No shearing surface OILSEP surface area is equivalent to 200 t vertical clarifier


Description OILSEP Vertical clarifier RemarksInvestment cost RM 1.4 million RM 600 00 RM 800 000Return on investment

0.86 year new mill compared to vertical clarifier 1.52 years if installed in existing oil room

- Overall oil recover = 54.9 kg hr-1 or 1098 kg day-1 at 20 hr day-1 or 1098 kg x 350 day yr-1 = 384.3 t yr-1 x RM 2400 t -1= RM 922 320

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Feature Article

Introduction to Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO)

N Ravi Menon*

* Malaysian Palm Oil Board, P. O. Box 10620, 50720 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

E-mail: [email protected]

TNEED FOR SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

he following is the draft proposal of the forthcoming Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) audit programme tailored for the

mills. It has been presented to the industry for comments.

NECESSITY FOR RECORDS

Some of the guidelines given below are for the millers’ information and for groundwork preparation. In this context, documentation plays an important role in most cases. As its role is very important for certification, we are adding the abbreviations (‘record’ or ‘evidence’) where appropriate, so that the millers can start creating records. The mills that have such records will be right on track for getting MSPO certification. In the final version of the MSPO there may be some minor amendments. The documentation requires a large volume of information. This may be a cause for concern to the millers as they may fear that such voluminous

documentation could be time-consuming. This issue can be addressed by creating a file under Microsoft Word with three columns: section reference, requirement and response by the mill. All that is required is addition of data in the third column that can be carried out by a clerical staff.

MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT AND RESPONSIBILITY

Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil Policy

A policy for the implementation of MSPO shall be established (record). The policy shall also emphasise a commitment to continual improvement. The requisites for this are records of the following: sustainability policy, dissemination of this to workers, environment, safety and health, sustainability and continual improvement.

Internal Audit

Internal audit shall be planned and conducted regularly to determine the strong and weak points and potential areas for further improvement (record/evidence).

Process and results of internal audit shall be documented and evaluated, strength


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and non-conformities shall be identified, investigation for the root causes and corrective action be carried out whenever necessary (record/evidence).

Report shall be made available to the top management for review. The requisites for this are records of the following: frequency of audits, auditors, strong points, weak points, root causes, corrective action, verifications, audit reports and summary.

Management Review

The top management shall periodically review the continuous suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the requirements for effective implementation of MSPO and decide on any changes, improvement and modification. The requisites for this are records of the following: management review members, minutes, changes and implementation.

Continual Improvement

The action plan for continual improvement should be based on consideration of the main social and environmental impacts and opportunities of the company (record/evidence).

The company should establish a system to improve practices in line with new information and techniques or new industry standard and technology that is available and feasible for adoption and disseminating this information throughout the work-force (record/evidence).

An action plan to provide the necessary resources including training, to implement the new techniques or new industry standard or technology (where applicable) should be established (record/evidence). The requisites for this are records of the following: opportunities, new techniques, new environmental impacts, social impacts information, new standards, training plan and programme, contents and attendance.

TRANSPARENCY

Transparency of Information and Docu-ments Relevant to MSPO Requirements

The management shall communicate

the information requested by the relevant stakeholders in the appropriate languages and forms except those limited by commercial confidentiality or disclosure that would result in negative environmental of social outcomes (record/evidence).

Management documents should be publicly available, except where this is prevented by commercial confidentiality or where disclosure of information would result in negative environmental or social outcomes (record/evidence).

Transparent Method of Communication and Consultation

Procedures shall be established for consultation and communication with the relevant stakeholders. The requisites for this are: standard operating procedure (SOP) and its availability (record/evidence).

A management official shall be nominated to be responsible for issues related to indicator at each operating unit (record/evidence). The requisites for this are: nomination of management representative for each operating unit.

List of relevant stakeholders, records of all consultation, communication and action taken in response to input from stakeholders shall be properly maintained. The requisites for this are: list of stakeholders, record of communication and consultation, input from stakeholders and responses (record/evidence).

Traceability The management shall commit itself to

implement and maintain the requirements


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for traceability and shall establish SOP (record).

The management shall conduct regular

inspection on traceability regarding compliance with this standard (records).

The management shall identify and assign suitable employees to implement and maintain the traceability system (evidence).

To keep records of storage, sales, delivery/transportation of sustainable products with respect to sustainable products (records).

Where required, the reporting of related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or GHG reduction (record).

COMPLIANCE TO LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

Regulatory Requirements All operations are in compliance with

applicable local, national and ratified international laws and regulations. The requisites for this are: documented references on local, national and international law (record).

The management shall list all laws applicable to their operations in a legal requirements register (LRR). The requisites for this are: list of laws and regulation, legal register: SOP for control and updating (record/evidence).

The LRR shall be updated as and when there are any new amendments or any new regulations coming into force (record).

The management shall assign a person

responsible to monitor compliance and to track and update the changes in regulatory requirements. The requisites for this are records of : person in-charge, responsibility and authority (record).

Legal Land Use Rights

The management shall ensure that their palm oil milling activities do not diminish the legal land use rights of other users recognised in accordance to the country and /or state laws. The requisites for this are records of the following: land ownership, land title, legal use of the land and rental agreement (evidence).

The management shall provide documents showing legal ownership or lease, history of land tenure and the actual legal use of the land. The requisites for this is record of he following: site history.

Legal parameter boundary markers should be clearly demarcated and visibly maintained on the ground. The requisites for this is record of boundary demarcation.

Where there are, or have been, disputes, documented proof of legal acquisition of land title and fair compensation that have been or are being made to previous owners and occupants; and that these should have been accepted with free prior informed consent (FPIC), record should be made available.

Customary Rights Where lands are encumbered by

customary rights, recognised in accordance to the country and/or state laws, the company shall demonstrate that these rights are understood and are not being threatened or reduced (evidence).

Maps of an appropriate scale showing extent of recognised customary rights should be made available.

Negotiation and FPIC shall be recorded and copies of negotiated agreements should be made available (record).


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SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, HEALTH, SAFETY AND EMPLOYMENT

CONDITION

Social Impact Assessment

Social impacts are identified and plans are implemented to mitigate the negative impacts and promote the positive ones. The requisites for this are records on: Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report and recommendation, environmental programmes and records of monitoring (record).

Complaints and Grievances

A system for dealing with complaints and grievances shall be established and documented. The requisites for this are: SOP for handling of complaint and grievances.

The system should be able to resolve disputes in an effective, timely and appropriate manner which is accepted by all parties. The requisites for this are records showing root causes and action taken.

The complaint form should be made available at the premises, where employees and affected stakeholders can make a complaint. The requisites for this are: complaint form and records of documented suggestions.

Records showing employees and the surrounding communities have been made aware that complaints or suggestions can be made at any time.

Complaints and resolutions for the last 24 months shall be documented and shall be made available on request (record).

Commitment to Contribute to Local Sustainable Development

Growers should contribute to local sustainable development in consultation with the local communities (evidence).

Employees’ Health and Safety

An occupational health and safety policy and plan which is in compliance with OSH Act 1994 and Factory and Machinery Act 1967 (Act 139) shall be documented, effectively communicated and implemented. The requisites for this are: OSH policy, objectives, communicated to employees and employees’ understanding.

The safety and health (OSH) plan shall cover a safety and health policy, which is communicated and implemented; and the risks of all operations shall be assessed and documented (record).

An awareness and training programme which includes the following requirements for employees exposed to hazard chemicals and working at high risk area:

• adequately trained on safe working practices;

• all precautions attached to products should be properly observed and applied; and

• appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) are used.

The management shall provide the appropriate PPE at the place of work to cover all potentially hazardous operations such as welding, machine operation, oxy-acetylene cutting, working in high rise areas, chemical analysis and pesticide application.

The management shall appoint responsible person(s) as safety and health officer(s) responsible for employees’ health and safety. The appointed person(s) of trust must have knowledge about and/or access to recent national labour regulations and collective bargaining agreements.

The management should conduct regular two-way communication meetings with


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their employees on issues affecting their business. Issues related to employee health, safety and welfare can be discussed openly. Records from such meetings are kept and the concerns of the employees as well as any remedial actions taken are recorded.

Accident and emergency procedures should exist and instructions should be clearly understood by all employees.

Employees trained in first aid should be present at all mill operations. A first aid kit equipped with approved contents should be available at each worksite.

Records should be kept of all accidents and periodically reviewed at safety committee meeting every three months: OHS policy (record).

Employment Conditions

The management shall establish policy on good social practice regarding human rights in respect of industrial harmony. The policy should be signed by the management and communicated to the employees. The requisites for this are: records of good social policy, communication with employees and employees’ understanding.

The employment conditions shall comply with equality principles. The management shall provide equal opportunity and treatment regardless of race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, nationality, social origin or any other distinguishing characteristic. Management shall not engage in or support discrimination practices (record).

Management shall ensure that workers’ pay and conditions meet legal or industry minimum standards and/or as per agreed collective agreements. The living wage should be sufficient to meet basic needs and provide some discretionary income. The requisites for this are: collective agreements and pay slip (record/evidence).

The management shall establish records that provide an accurate overview of all employees (including seasonal and subcontracted workers on the premises). The records should contain full names, gender, date of birth, date of entry, job description, wage and the period of employment.

All employees shall be provided with fair legal contracts that have been signed by both employee and employer. Copies of employment contracts are made available for each and every employee indicated in the records. The requisites for this are: records of contract, appointment letter and employment records.

The management should establish a time recording system that makes working hours and overtime transparent for both employees and employer. The requisites for this are: records of attendance and overtime work.

The working hours and meal breaks of the individual worker indicated in the time records shall comply with legal regulations and/or collective bargaining agreements. Overtime work shall be mutually agreed and shall meet the applicable legal requirement. The requisites for this are records of collective agreements and overtime rate.

Wages and overtime payment documented on the pay slips shall be in line with legal regulations and/or collective bargaining agreements. The requisites for this are records of pay slip and overtime slip.

Other forms of social benefits should be offered by the employer to employees, their families and/or community such as incentives for good working performance, bonus payment, professional development, medical care and health provision and improvement of the family and social surroundings. The requisites for this are: records of incentives, bonus, recreational activities, Family Day, Hari Raya and medical care.


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In cases where on-site living quarters are provided, these quarters should be habitable and have basic amenities and facilities in compliance with the Workers’ Minimum Standards Housing and Amenities Act 1990 (Act 446) or any other applicable legislation. The requisites for this are: records of quarters condition, potable water supply, electricity supply, domestic waste disposal, recreational facilities and children care centre).

The management shall establish a policy to prevent all forms of sexual harassment and violence at the work-place. The requisites for this are: records of sexual harassment policy and the procedure for handling of such offences.

The management shall respect the right of all employees to form or join trade unions and to facilitate collective bargaining in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Employees shall be given the freedom to join a trade union relevant to the industry or to organise themselves for collective bargaining. Employees must have the right to organise and negotiate their work conditions. Employees exercising this right should not be discriminated against or suffer repercussions. The requisites for this are: records of workers’ union members and minutes of meeting.

Children shall not be employed or exploited. The minimum age shall comply with local and national legislation. Work by children below 18 years old is prohibited in palm oil mills (regulatory). The requisites for this are: records of children’s education facilities, nursery, pre-school, school and employment of children.

Training and Competency

All employees, contractors and relevant suppliers shall be appropriately trained. A training programme (appropriate to the scale of the organisation) that includes regular assessment of training needs

and documentation, including records of training are kept. The requisites for this are records of training need assessment, training programme, content of training and record, and assessment.

Training needs of individual employees shall be identified prior to the planning and implementation of the training programmes in order to provide the specific skill and competency required by all employees based on their job description. The requisites for this are: records of individual training and on the job training.

A continuous training programme shall be planned and implemented to ensure that all employees are well trained on their job function and responsibility in accordance to the documented training procedure. The requisites for this is: records of yearly programme.

ENVIRONMENT, NATURAL RESOURCES, BIODIVERSITY AND

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

Environmental Management Programme

An environmental policy and plan shall be in compliance with the relevant country and/or state environmental laws and be documented, effectively communicated and implemented. The requisites for this are records of environmental policy, communicated to employees and employees’ understanding of the policy.

The documented environmental manage-ment plan shall cover the following:

• an environmental policy and objectives; and

• the aspects and impact analysis of all operations.

An environmental improvement plan to mitigate the negative impacts shall be developed, implemented and monitored (record).


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A documented programme to promote the positive impact should be included in the continual improvement programme.

A documented awareness and training programme shall be established and implemented to ensure that all employees understand the policies and objectives of the environmental management and improvement plans, and work towards achieving the objectives (evidence).

Management shall organise documented regular meetings with employees where their concerns about environmental quality are discussed.

Efficiency of Energy Use and Use of Renewal Energy

Energy use including renewable energy consumption shall be optimised and closely monitored by establishing baseline values and observing trends within an appropriate time-frame. There should be a documented plan to assess energy usage including fuel, electricity and energy efficiency in the operations (record/evidence).

The palm oil mill shall assess the direct energy use for their operations, including fossil fuel, renewable energy and electricity to determine energy efficiency of their operations. This should include fuel use by contractors, including all transport and machinery operations. The assessment should be recorded.

The use of renewable energy should be applied where possible.

Waste Management and Disposal

All waste products and sources of pollution shall be identified and documented.

Waste management plan shall be developed and implemented, to avoid or

reduce pollution. The waste management plan should include measures for:

• identifying and monitoring sources of waste and pollution; and

• improving the efficiency of resource utilisation and recycling of potential wastes as nutrients or converting them into value-added by-products.

Appropriate documented disposal of hazardous chemicals and their containers as per national and/or state legislation should be carried out.

Scheduled waste shall be disposed as per Environment Quality Act (EQA) 1974 (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations, 2005 (record).

Domestic waste should be disposed as per local authority or district council requirements in accordance with the Ministry of Health Guidelines or Worker’s Minimum Standards of Housing Amenities Act 1990 (Act 446) or any other applicable local legislation (record/evidence).

Greenhouse Gas Emission

A documented management plan to reduce GHG emissions relative to current fossil fuel shall be established and implemented.

The management shall identify, monitor and document GHG emissions related to product system, functional unit (1 t of crude palm oil and kernel), system boundary and the data, e.g. diesel, chemical, etc.

The ISO Standards should be used in GHG accounting with its policy-neutral standards for monitoring climate change, energy efficiency and use of renewable and carbon-neutral energy technologies based on best practices over the whole supply chain (record).


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Reduction of Pollution and Emission

A documented assessment of all polluting activities shall be conducted, including GHG emissions, particulate/soot emissions, scheduled wastes, solid wastes and effluent.

Significant pollutants and emissions shall be identified and an action plan to reduce them shall be established and implemented (record).

The quality of emissions shall be regularly monitored to ensure compliance with the Environment Quality (Clean Air) Regulation 1978 of Environmental Quality Act 1974 (record).

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) shall be appropriately treated and discharged in compliance with the standard stipulated in the relevant Environmental Quality (Prescribed Premises) (Crude Palm Oil) Regulations 1977, Environmental Quality Act 1974. For Sabah and Sarawak, POME should be discharged according to the respective state policies and regulations (record).

Natural Water Resources

The management shall establish a water management plan to maintain the quality and availability of natural water resources (surface and ground water). The Water Management Plan may include:

• assessment of water usage and sources of supply; and

• monitoring of outgoing water (which may have negative impacts) into the natural waterways at a frequency that reflects current activities.

Ways to optimise water and nutrient usage to reduce wastage should be established and actions taken documented (e.g. having in place systems for re-use, night application, maintenance of

equipment to reduce leakage, collection of rainwater, etc.) (record).

The management shall establish a documented plan to gradually phase out open discharge into water course and plan toward zero discharge within a specified time-frame.

BEST PRACTICES

Mill Management

SOP are appropriately documented and consistently implemented and monitored (record/evidence).

All palm oil mill premises shall implement best practices according to the MPOB Codes of Practice or Malaysian Standards or ISO Standards or Industrial Standard (record/evidence).

Economic and Financial Viability Plan

A documented business or management plan shall be established to demonstrate attention to economic and financial viability through long-term management planning (record/evidence).

The management plan shall be effectively

implemented and the achievement of the goals/objectives shall be regularly monitored, periodically reviewed and documented (record/evidence).

Transparent and Fair Price Dealing

Pricing mechanisms for the products and other services shall be documented and effectively implemented (record/evidence).

All contracts shall be fair, legal, transparent and agreed payments shall be made in timely manner (record/evidence).

Contractor

Where contractors are engaged, they shall be made to understand with the

see page 33


Feature Article

MSPO requirements and shall provide the required documentation and information (records/evidence).

The management shall provide evidence of agreed contracts with the contractor (evidence).

AppendixHOW TO CREATE PAPERLESS RECORDS

(a simple example for guidance)

Mills do not have to create hundreds of conventional files. The following types of records can be sent to the company headquarters so that the senior management can monitor the progress of the modernisation of its mills, to meet the current demands of the market.

P1 Management Commitment and Responsibility

Section 1 Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) Policy

Requirement Response by the mill

1.1 A policy for the implementation of MSPO shall be established (record)

Policy: kept in the file marked ‘MSPO File’ The policy disseminated every day to the workers during morning sessions (15 min per day) as follows: The speeches kept in the file, Morning Sessions.Sundays: sustainability policy.Mondays: environment issues.Tuesdays: safety and health.Thursdays: worker’s misconduct, sexual harassment.Fridays: worker’s grievances. Saturdays: feedback from workers.

1.2 The policy shall also emphasise commitment to continual improvement(record)

The mill plans to go for zero discharge of effluent by 2014. Trials are being conducted now to reduce the BOD to below 20 mg litre-1. With the successful completion of the tertiary treatment system, we hope to achieve our target of zero discharge and 30% water savings by the year 2015.

Once the mills earnestly start an MSPO-based recording system, the entire outlook of the mill management is bound to change, probably culminating in a strong urge among them to make their mill the best in the region.

The management shall accept MSPO approved competent auditors to verify the assessments through a physical inspection if required (record/evidence).

The management shall be responsible for the tasks performed by the subcontractor by checking and signing off assessments of the subcontractor’s work for each task and season contracted (record).

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Feature Article

THE OER ISSUES

he other day, a mill manager contacted us to say that his boss was always finding fault with him when the oil loss was on the high

side. His boss, the General Manager, was a planter by profession but was vested with the mandate to monitor mill operations as well. As the General Manager was always finding fault with the mill manager and turned a deaf ear to his explanations, he was contemplating on resigning and taking up a job overseas. We told to him to hold on and find out a way to make him understand the factors involved. This could be a tough job as another factor called ego also played a vital role in this. If the General Manager said that the total mill process loss should have been below 1.5%, it should have been applicable in all the mills. He had a point there, but not a valid one as there were other factors he had overlooked.

As this issue is widespread among the organisations, where the plantation managers take charge of the mills, we thought perhaps we should make some

clarifications for the planters to carefully consider the relevant reasoning behind the rational that oil losses are a function of the oil extraction ratio. Surprisingly, even the mill engineers are not aware of this simple truth. In order to justify this statement, some definitions would be of help.

MISSING LABORATORY ANALYSES

In some mills, certain oil loss analyses are not carried out and they assign a value of ‘zero’ for that. This is a wrong way of computation that can mislead the top management.

OER DEFINITIONS

Mechanical Machinery Extracted Oil Extraction Ratio

This is the ratio of the oil extracted from a known weight of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) to the corresponding weight of the FFB, using mechanical oil extraction plants and machinery.

Solvent Extracted Oil Extraction Ratio

This is the ratio of the oil extracted from a known weight of FFB to a corresponding

* Malaysian Palm Oil Board, P. O. Box 10620, 50720 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. E-mail: [email protected]

Significance of Oil Extraction Rate (OER) Efficiency in a Palm Oil Mill

N Ravi Menon*

T


Feature Article

weight of the FFB using chemical solvents like hexane.

Process Oil Losses

This refers to the oil losses incurred during the flow of FFB through the series of process steps. It is represented as a percentage of the weight of the oil lost to the weight of FFB that is subjected to the process steps.

Table 1 gives the normally accepted losses at different process steps during mechanical processing. Process losses are always higher during mechanical processing than during the solvent extraction. Solvent extraction is not environment-friendly as a considerable quantity of hexane evaporates during the solvent extraction process. In Table 1, all the likely losses during mechanical processing are listed out. If in a mill, a particular loss like oil loss in EFB is not done, an arbitrary figure (usually accepted by the industry) must be assigned instead of a zero value. The mill may use the figures given in Table 1.

Total Oil Losses

This is the sum of all the individual oil losses at the different process steps. If we follow Table 1 the total oil loss is 1.77% and for the purposes of our analysis of oil extraction efficiency, we shall adopt this figure as the average value.

TABLE 1. APPROXIMATE OIL LOSS IN PALM OIL MILLS

Source % on loss/fresh fruit bunches

Fruit trapped in empty fruit bunches (EFB) 0.02Un-stripped bunches (USB) 0.05Oil absorbed on the surface of EFB 0.45Condensate from sterilisation 0.10Nut surface after pressing 0.05Fibre after pressing 0.55Sludge from separator 0.45General oil spillages or washing from tanks 0.10Total milling losses 1.77

Source: Ng, S B (1993).

OIL EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY

As oil extraction efficiency is seldom highlighted by the millers as well as the researchers, they do not know about its importance in monitoring process performance.

Oil Extraction Efficiency

It is the ratio of the declared mill: oil extraction rate (OER) (E%) to the sum of the declared mill OER (E%) and the percent total oil losses (L%) = E/(E+L)%.

The following benchmarking assumes that the optimum process parameters are adhered to and the worn out machinery parts are replaced when due. At low process temperatures, the oil loss will tend to rise.

Assuming that the six mills under a particular plantation group get the data shown in Table 2 during the first year of its operation when the mills want to benchmark its oil extraction efficiency soon after commissioning the mills.

Tables 3 to 8 demonstrates that the total oil losses will rise up in tandem with the mill OER when mill efficiency remains unchanged as in most cases. Note that (E+L) was derived from (OE/efficiency) and oil losses computed by subtracting E from it.


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TABLE 4. MILL B: EXPECTED OIL LOSS AT VARYING OIL EXTRACTION RATE (OER) AND FIXED EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY

Mill name OER: E (%) Total losses (L) % E + L (%) Efficiency (%) E/(E+L)B 18 1.42 19.42 92.7B 19 1.50 20.50 92.7B 20 1.57 21.57 92.7B 21 1.65 22.65 92.7B 22 1.73 23.73 92.7B 23 1.81 24.81 92.7

TABLE 2. BENCHMARKING OIL EXTRACTION EFFICIENCIESOF THE MILLS IN THE GROUP

Mill name OER:E (%)

Total losses(L) %

E + L(%)

Efficiency (%)E/(E+L)

A 18 1.5 19.5 92.3B 19 1.5 20.5 92.7C 20 1.5 21.5 93.0D 21 1.5 22.5 93.3E 22 1.5 23.5 93.6F 23 1.5 24.5 93.9

Note: OER – oil extraction rate.

TABLE 3. MILL A: EXPECTED OIL LOSS AT VARYING OIL EXTRACTION RATE (OER) AND FIXED EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY

Mill name OER:E (%)

Total losses(L) %

E + L(%)

Efficiency (%)E/(E+L)

A 18 1.50 19.50 92.3A 19 1.58 20.58 92.3A 20 1.67 21.67 92.3A 21 1.75 22.75 92.3A 22 1.83 23.83 92.3A 23 1.92 24.92 92.3

Note: Refering to Table 3, despite the low OER at 18% the milling efficiency is the same as when the OER is high at 23%. The same is demonstrated in Tables 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.

TABLE 5. MILL C: EXPECTED OIL LOSS AT VARYING OIL EXTRACTION RATE (OER) AND FIXED EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY

Mill name OER: E (%) Total losses (L) % E + L (%) Efficiency (%) E/(E+L)C 18 1.35 19.35 93.0C 19 1.43 20.43 93.0C 20 1.51 21.51 93.0C 21 1.58 22.58 93.0C 22 1.66 23.66 93.0C 23 1.73 24.73 93.0


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TABLE 6. MILL D: EXPECTED OIL LOSS AT VARYING OIL EXTRACTION RATE (OER) AND FIXED EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY

Mill name OER: E (%) Total losses (L) % E + L (%) Efficiency (%) E/(E+L)D 18 1.29 19.29 93.3D 19 1.36 20.36 93.3D 20 1.44 21.44 93.3D 21 1.51 22.51 93.3D 22 1.58 23.58 93.3D 23 1.65 24.65 93.3

TABLE 7. MILL E: EXPECTED OIL LOSS AT VARYING OIL EXTRACTION RATE (OER) AND FIXED EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY

Mill name OER: E (%) Total losses (L) % E + L (%) Efficiency (%) E/(E+L)E 18 1.23 19.23 93.6E 19 1.30 20.30 93.6E 20 1.37 21.37 93.6E 21 1.44 22.44 93.6E 22 1.50 23.50 93.6E 23 1.57 24.57 93.6

TABLE 8. MILL F: EXPECTED OIL LOSS AT VARYING OIL EXTRACTION RATE (OER) AND FIXED EXTRACTION EFFICIENCY

Mill name OER: E (%) Total losses (L) % E + L (%) Efficiency (%) E/(E+L)F 18 1.17 19.17 93.9F 19 1.23 20.23 93.9F 20 1.30 21.30 93.9F 21 1.36 22.36 93.9F 22 1.43 23.43 93.9F 23 1.49 24.49 93.9

A NOTE TO THE MILLERS

We would like to advise the millers to benchmark the oil extraction efficiency of their mills. This should be done when all the machinery are in a good condition and the process parameters are at optimum level. By doing this, the millers can check whether at any time the mill oil losses are a cause for concern. Higher oil losses do not reflect the poor performance of a mill.

REFERENCE

NG, S B (1993). Measurement of oil extraction rate (OER) and milling losses. Proc. of the National Seminar on Palm Oil Extraction Rate: Problems and Issues. PORIM, Bangi. p. 99-104.


Datasheet

APPROXIMATE MASS BALANCE IN A 10 t hr-1 FRESH FRUIT BUNCHES (FFB) PROCESSING MILL

Sterilisation Mass Balance (all units in kg)

FFB 10 000 Ratio to FFBSteam in 4 726 47.26%Steam out 2 073 20.73%Condensate 1 453 14.53%Net loss 1 200 12.00%

10 000 kgkg FFB

CONDENSATE 1453 kg

Tailings (solids)

Vib. screen 5250 dil. oil

CLARIFICATION2125 kg settled oil

PURIFIER2020 kg oil

VAC DRIER2100 kg pure oil

5683 kg

STERILISATION8800 kg st. FFB

STRIPPING6600 kg st. fruit

DIGESTION7000 kg dgd. mash

PRESSING3500 kg crude oil1750 kg dil. water

900 kg oil & waterFROM SEPARATOR

4025 kg sludgeDESANDER

3100 kg sludge water

25 kg sand

1100 kg water

5 kg dirt-purifier

25 kg – water

3453 kg steriliser cond.

400 kg sludgeSEPARATOR

4726 kgkg steam 3 bar

2073 kg ex. steam

2300 kg EFB

400 kg steam

3500 kg p. cake

DEPERICARPER1575 kg wet nuts 1925 kg fibre

SILO DRYER1480 kg dry nuts 95 kg moisture

NUT CRACKER 1480 kg c/mixture

LTDS BLOWER1170 kg

Shell and kernel

Shell and dust 310 kg

HYDROCYCLONE650 kg wet kernel 520 kg shell

KERNEL DRYER560 kg kernel

90 kg moisture

T. EFFLUENT


ADVERTISEMENTue to the increased cost of printing, the advertisement rate is RM 700 per issue for an A4 size page of black and white, whereas the cost for colour is RM 900. One year of complimentary Vendor’s List advertisement for every one page A4-size colour or black & white advertisement. Advertisers are required to submit to us either their own black and white or colour artwork in CD. Cheque should be made payable to the ‘Malaysian Palm Oil Board’. If you have any queries, please contact the following at MPOB.

Tel: 03-87694400 Fax: 03-89262971

Dr. Lim Weng Soon ext: 4406 • Ir. N. Ravi Menon ext: 4467 • Lim Soo Chin ext: 4676 E-mail: [email protected]

Advertising Schedule for MPOB Palm Oil Engineering Bulletin

Issue Quarter Deadline forRegistration

Deadline forSubmission of Artwork

106 Jan - Mar 2013 30 Jan 2013 28 Feb 2013107 Apr - June 2013 30 Apr 2013 30 May 2013108 Jul - Sept 2013 30 Jul 2013 30 Aug 2013109 Oct - Dec 2013 31 Oct 2013 30 Nov 2013

REPLY-SLIP

Dr. Lim Weng Soon/Ir. N. Ravi MenonEngineering and Processing Division Palm Oil Engineering BulletinMPOB6, Persiaran InstitusiBandar Baru Bangi43000 Kajang, Selangor

PALM OIL ENGINEERING BULLETIN ADVERTISEMENT – FULL PAGE ADVERTISEMENT

1. We confirm our intention to advertise in the MPOB Palm Oil Engineering Bulletin.

Company:

Address:

E-mail: Tel. No.: Fax No.: Contact Person: Issue No.:

2. The artwork is attached/will be sent on for your further action.

3. Please find enclosed *crossed cheque No.: for RM ( ) being payment for the advertisement fee.

4. Thank you.

(Signature and Date) (Company stamp)

D

MPO

B P

ALM

OIL

EN

GIN

EERI

NG

BU

LLET

IN -

FULL

PA

GE

# * Made payable to ‘MALAYSIAN PALM OIL BOARD’.


MPO

B PA

LM O

IL E

NG

INEE

RIN

G B

ULL

ETIN

- V

END

OR

’S L

IST

ollowing a decision by the Editorial Board to further increase the role of Palm Oil Engineering Bulletin to serve the industry better, a new addition called Palm Oil Mill Vendor’s List has been introduced similar to Telekom Yellow Pages to assist mill engineers to know where to source materials or services pertaining to the industry. In order to make this useful, we need the co-operation of the mill engineers/managers to persuade their vendors to advertise in the Vendor’s List for a nominal fee of RM 100/year. If you have any queries, please contact the following at MPOB.

Tel: 03-87694400 Fax: 03-89262971

Ir. Ravi Menon ext. 4467 or e-mail: [email protected] Ms. Lim Soo Chin ext. 4676 or e-mail: [email protected]

REPLY SLIP

Dr. Lim Weng Soon/Ir. N. Ravi MenonEngineering and Processing Division Palm Oil Engineering Bulletin AdvertisementMPOB, 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.

We wish to advertise in the MPOB Palm Oil Engineering Bulletin Vendor’s List

Company: Issue No.:

Contact Person: H/P:

Address:

E-mail: Tel: Fax:

Please find enclosed a crossed cheque No.: Bank:

for RM: (Ringgit Malaysia)

drawn in favour of MALAYSIAN PALM OIL BOARD

Please select the headings from the list given below (not more than five headings) under which you wish to advertise.

Air filters/dryersAir separatorsBearings/belts/bushesBiomass/bio-compost/productsBoiler spares/control/othersBoiler suppliers Bunch crushersCastingsCivil engineering Cleaning - generalCondition monitoringConsultancy services/certificationControl/automation/sparesConveyors/chains/elevators/beltsDiesel eng./services/sparesDynamic balancing Electric motors/systemsExpansion jointsFabrication works Fans

Signature:

Name:

Date: Company stamp

ADVERTISEMENT

F

#

Filter press/materialsFluid control system/couplingsGaskets/packing materials/sealsGear boxesHardware Hydraulic systems/services/spares Laboratory analysisLaboratory equipmentLubricantsMill machinery/sparesMiscellaneousNut crackersOil recovery systemsPalm kernel oil crushing plantPower plantPollution control/safety systemsPressure vesselsPumps/services PurifiersScrew press/parts

ScrubbersSludge separators/decantersSteam turbines/generator/sparesSterilizer/partsStorage silosVacuum pumpsValves/seatsWaste water treatment Water treatmentWeighing machines/sparesWelding equipmentsWheel loaders/spares


From:

Address:

Question/Comment:

Signed: Date:

(We have enclosed this form to assist you in sending to us any questions or comments)

#


P I P O C2 0 1 3

19-21 November 2013Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre,

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

IT’S COMING AGAIN, the grand Palm Oil Congress with five concurrent Conferences which examines and discusses the many facets of the palm oil industry. The last PIPOC in 2011 was attended by more than 2000 participants from 46 countries. It also boasts of more than 200 exhibition booths.

So make sure you will be one of them in 2013

PIPOC 2013 features 5 concurrent Conferences, namely:• Agriculture, Biotechnology & Sustainability• Chemistry, Processing Technology & Bio-Energy• Food, Lifestyle Chemicals• Global Economics & Marketing• Oleo & Specialty Chemicals

(An Evening Forum on current matters will also be held)

You may opt to be:SPEAKER, POSTER PRESENTER or PARTICIPANT

or your organisation may:

• EXHIBIT your products and/or services• ADVERTISE in the Souvenir Programme of the Congress


PIPOC 2011 was attended by more than 2000 participants from 46 countries.What better way to keep abreast with the rapid developments and changes in the oil palm industry

than to attend PIPOC 2013? This bi-annual Congress provides a platform that showcases the latest advances in the industry. It provides an excellent arena for networking and sharing information.

As a value-added feature, PIPOC 2013 boasts of an exhibition hall with a vast floor space of 2000 m2 that would house 200 booths. The new technologies and the information showcased here

would be a storehouse of knowledge and help you to increase the productivity and profitability of your business.

Technical On-site ToursVisiting plantations, oil palm mills, refineries, oleochemical plants and R&D facilities

Golf TournamentA special golf tournament will be organised for our golf enthusiasts.

…so hope to see you in PIPOC 2013!

Don’t forget to mark your calendar and extend our invitation to your friends and colleagues

Congress Registration Fee RM EUROParticipants1. Early bird (before 30 June 2013)2. Normal (after 30 June 2013)3. Poster Presenters and Students5% discount for group registration of 6 and more persons after the early bird period

2 3002 6001 300

600676350

MPOB Licensees 2 100 -Exhibition Fee varies with location 11 000

12 0002 8003 000

organised by:Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB)MINISTRY OF PLANTATION INDUSTRIES AND COMMODITIES, MALAYSIA

For more information, please contact • [email protected]

Documents

Engineering Bulletin #102 front cover - Malaysian Palm Oil …palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/POEB/poeb105.pdf · · 2016-08-13it will focus on the specific types of audit like