1) Beam A structural member, usually horizontal, with a main
function to carry loads cross-ways to its longitudinal axis. These
loads usually result in bending of the beam member. Examples of
beams are simple, continuous, and cantilever.2) Beam-ColumnThis is
a structural member whose main function is to carry loads both
parallel and transverse to the longitudinal axis.3)
CantileverCantilever refers to the part of a member that extends
freely over a beam, which is not supported at its end.4) Collateral
LoadCollateral load is additional dead loads (not the weight of
people and not the weight of the building itself), such as
plumbing, duct work, ceilings, and other components of the
structure.5) ColumnA column is a main vertical member that carries
axial loads from the main roof beams or girders to the foundation
parallel to its longitudinal axis.6) ContinuityContinuity is the
term given to a structural system describing the transfer of loads
and stresses from member to member as if there were no
connections.7) DampingDamping is the rate of decay of amplitude for
floor vibrations.8) Dead Load Dead load describes the loads from
the weight of the permanent components of the structure.9)
DeflectionDeflection is the displacement of a structural member or
system under a load.10) Dynamic Load This type of load varies over
time.11) FootingA footing is a slab of concrete under a column,
wall, or other structural to transfer the loads of the member into
the surrounding soil.12) FoundationA foundation supports a building
or structure.13) G-Type Joist Girder A type of Joist Girder using
joists located at panel points where diagonal webs intersect the
top chord of the joist only.14) GableA gable is located above the
elevation of the eave line of a double-sloped roof.15) GageGage can
refer to the thickness of a sheet of material or the distance
between centerlines in a set of holes, usually perpendicular to the
joist or joist girder.16) GirderA girder is the main horizontal
member spanning between two main supports and carries other members
or vertical loads within the structure.17) GradeThe ground
elevation of the soil.18) HeaderA member that carries other
supporting members and is placed between other beams.19) Hip Roof A
roof sloping from all four sides of a building.20) JoistA
structural load-carrying member with an open web system which
supports floors and roofs utilizing hot-rolled or cold-formed steel
and is designed as a simple span member.21) Kip1000 pounds.22) Live
Load Non-permanent loads on a structure created by the use of the
structure.23) LoadAn outside force that affects the structure or
its members.24) Modulus of Elasticity (E) The value is usually
29,000 ksi for structural steels and is also called Youngs Modulus.
It calculates the slope of the straight-line portion of the
stress-strain curve in the elastic range.25) MomentMoment is the
tendency of a force to cause a rotation about a point or axis which
in turn produces bending stresses.26) Moment of Inertia (I) A
measure of the resistance to rotation offered by a members geometry
and size.27) PitchPitch is the slope of a member defined as the
ratio of the total rise to the total width28) ReactionReaction is
the force or moment developed at the points of a support.29)
Seismic Load Loads produced during the seismic movements of an
earthquake.30) ShearForces resulting in two touching parts of a
material to slide in opposite directions parallel to their plane of
contact.31) SpanThe distance between supports.32) Structural Steels
Steels suitable for load-carrying members in a structure.33) StrutA
structural brace that resists axial forces.34) StudA vertical wall
member used to attach other structures, such as walls.35) Torsion
Loads A load that causes a member to twist about its longitudinal
axis. A couple or moment in a plane perpendicular to the axis
produces simple torsion.
