Energy Systems Institute Siberian BranchRussian Academy of Sciences

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Annualizedeconomicbenefit, $Bln./year

Investmentbenefit, $ Bln.

Capacitybenefit, GW

Fuel benefit, $Bln./year

24.4

77.3

65.5

10

10

Russia (Siberia) China (North)

11

2012 2035

12

-20 0 20 40 60 80

-0.2

2.1537.25 7.4-0.6 19.5

Russia (Siberia, Far East)

Mongolia

China (North, Northeast)

DPRK

RoK

Japan

13

-10000 -5000 0 5000 10000 15000 20000

-25

137

-6234 1467399

14240

Russia (Siberia, FarEast)Mongolia

China (North,Northeast)DPRK

RoK

14

15

Transmission Transfer capabilities, GW

Length, km Investment , Bln.USD

Russia - Mongolia 8.9 1250 3.7Russia (Siberia) –China

4.1 2000 2.1

Russia (Far East)–China

10.7 1200 2.9

Russia – DPRK 3.3 1700 0.9Russia – Japan 5.3 2000 (including

cables – 220) 7.7

China – Mongolia 8.2 1400 2.1China – DPRK 15 450 2.7DPRK – RoK 15 250 2.7RoK – Japan 15 900 (including

cables – 250)14.3

Total 85.5 11150 (including cables – 470)

39.1

05

1015

2025303540

Russia China DPRK RoK Japan

16

Political diversity of the countries involved in power interconnection◦ it requires to reach a consensus on formation of

prospective directions of the electricity cooperation and to take concerted political decisions jointly to mitigate the tension

Dependence of countries-participants on external electricity supply◦ it is needed careful preparation and strict

implementation of the relevant international legislation, comprehensively regulating the behavior of the parties, in particular under the normal and force majeure conditions

17

Necessity to accord national energy and power strategies and plans, energy legislation and technical standards in power industry with other countries of the region◦ particular coordinating tools should be developed

NEA grid expansion◦ in the beginning, bilateral, trilateral inter-country

cooperation and agreement conclusions ◦ than, bilateral, trilateral cooperation with its

coordination within entire NEA region◦ at last, NEA-wide multilateral cooperation and

agreements conclusion

18

Power system interconnections in NEA region can provide system benefits for countries-participants

Realization of the system benefits supposes a extensive mutual power exchange/trade among NEAcountries, with transmission of variable over time (byhour of day, season of the year) or stable power flows

Extended and costly interstate power transmission infrastructure is needed to provide power trade in the NEA region

Many political issues should be addressed the NEA grid to be in place

19