Energy Savings A Measured Success 051110

The Art ofThe Art of EnergyEnergySeries 5Series 5Series 5Series 5

Brought to you by:Brought to you by:Brought to you by:Brought to you by:

BOMA and CBRE HawaiiBOMA and CBRE HawaiiBOMA and CBRE HawaiiBOMA and CBRE Hawaii

Energy Savings: A Measured Success

Presented by:Presented by:Presented by:Presented by:

PSIG PSIG PSIG PSIG ---- HawaiiHawaiiHawaiiHawaii

Honolulu, HawaiiHonolulu, HawaiiHonolulu, HawaiiHonolulu, Hawaii

•V.P. Engineering, Power & Systems Inspection Group

(Since 1992, Hawaii & California)

•Associate, Sr. Electrical/Forensic Engineer, Dennis H. Parr & Assoc.,

(Moses Lake, Washington, Since 1989)

•American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers

(ASHRAE-Hawaii Chapter, Since 1993)

•Charter Member, Association of Energy Engineers,

(AEE, Since 1998)

•University of Hawaii, BSEE (1973)

•Certified Energy Manager (CEM, Since 1997)

•Certified Demand Side Manager (CDSM, Since 2001)

•Certified Measurement and Verification Professional (CMVP, Since 2002)

•PG&E Universal TranslatorTM Data Collection Course Completion (2000)

Leslie T. Taniyama

Condensed Bio

Why Measure?Why Measure?

Your other option is to GUESS!Your other option is to GUESS!



We Believe, If you are not Measuring it,We Believe, If you are not Measuring it,

You CanYou Can’’t Manage it.t Manage it.





Try Creating your BudgetsTry Creating your Budgets

without knowing your Receivables and Payables.without knowing your Receivables and Payables.





Try Creating your BudgetsTry Creating your Budgets

without knowing your Receivables and Payables. without knowing your Receivables and Payables.

Try Maintaining that BudgetTry Maintaining that Budget

without knowing yourwithout knowing your

Receivables and Payables.Receivables and Payables.

There is no meter that measures Energy There is no meter that measures Energy

Savings.Savings.

Everyone compares. . .Everyone compares. . .

Energy Savings is a Comparison.Energy Savings is a Comparison.

There are various methods and reasons to Measure.There are various methods and reasons to Measure.

Without Measurement, Savings Can Not be Defined.Without Measurement, Savings Can Not be Defined.

100% of my Energy Projects 100% of my Energy Projects

utilizes Measurement.utilizes Measurement.

Majority of the Projects Majority of the Projects

Measures Energy Real TimeMeasures Energy Real Time

through Energy Management & through Energy Management &

Controls Systems (EMCS).Controls Systems (EMCS).

Energy Star®Rating System

Without measurement, the Without measurement, the

building would find it difficult building would find it difficult

to qualify for Energy Starto qualify for Energy Star®®..

LEED® Green Building Rating System


>31% of the available Points are>31% of the available Points are

Related to the Energy & Related to the Energy &

Environment.Environment.



Without Without

that that

Famous Famous

Scale. . .Scale. . .



Without Without

that that

Famous Famous

Scale. . .Scale. . .

We wouldnWe wouldn’’t t

be able to be able to

watch The watch The

Biggest Loser Biggest Loser

on TV.on TV.

Institutional Bldg. - HawaiiAHU Valves Positions

0

10

20

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100

6:0

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M

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10

:00 P

M

10

:30 P

M

11

:00 P

M

Valv

e P

osi

tion

(%)

II’’ve Got the Data, Now What?ve Got the Data, Now What?

The Data Can be Overwhelming unless Processed. Your Energy The Data Can be Overwhelming unless Processed. Your Energy

Consultant should be able to filter through it.Consultant should be able to filter through it.

Case In PointCase In Point::

SWEET CRUDE OIL PRICE AND ITSSWEET CRUDE OIL PRICE AND ITS

RELATIONSHIP TO ELECTRICALRELATIONSHIP TO ELECTRICAL

ENERGY COSTENERGY COST

Nymex Light Sweet Crude Oil Cost

2000 - 2010

$15

$20

$25

$30

$35

$40

$45

$50

$55

$60

$65

$70

$75

$80

$85

$90

$95

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$110

$115

$120

$125

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$145

$150

1/4

/20

00

4/4

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00

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/4/2

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0

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01

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9

1/4

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4/4

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10

7/4

/20

10

10

/4/2

01

0

$/B

arre

l

Measurement comes in different forms.Measurement comes in different forms.

Some from 3Some from 3rdrd party sources.party sources.

Sweet Crude Oil – Daily Cost Per Barrel

Crude Oil Price (Average Monthly)

vs.

MECO-ECAC

13.536

$0

$10

$20

$30

$40

$50

$60

$70

$80

$90

$100

$110

$120

$130

$140

Ap

r-08

May-0

8

Ju

n-0

8

Ju

l-08

Au

g-0

8

Sep

-08

Oct

-08

Nov-0

8

Dec

-08

Jan

-09

Feb

-09

Mar-

09

Ap

r-09

May-0

9

Ju

n-0

9

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l-09

Au

g-0

9

Sep

-09

Oct

-09

Nov-0

9

Dec

-09

Jan

-10

Feb

-10

Mar-

10

Ap

r-10

May-1

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n-1

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Ju

l-10

Au

g-1

0

Sep

-10

Oct

-10

Nov-1

0

Dec

-10

Cru

de

Oil

($

/Ba

rrel

)

0

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4

6

8

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12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

EC

AC

Cen

ts/k

WH

)

Crude Oil Price

($/Barrel-Ave.)

Energy Cost Adjustment Clause (Cents/kWH)

Knowledge of Data Can Produce Predictive Understanding of Knowledge of Data Can Produce Predictive Understanding of

Energy Cost Energy Cost

Management Science Bldg.2007-08

$0.16

$0.17

$0.18

$0.19

$0.20

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$0.22

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$0.24

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3/1

6/0

7

4/5

/07

4/2

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5/1

5/0

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6/4

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8

En

ergy C

ost

($/k

WH

)

1,000

1,100

1,200

1,300

1,400

1,500

1,600

1,700

1,800

1,900

2,000

kW

H/d

ay

Ave. Rate

($/kWH)kWH/Day

Small College Experiences Modest Cost SavingsSmall College Experiences Modest Cost Savings

after Energy Retrofitafter Energy Retrofit


$0.16

$0.17

$0.18

$0.19

$0.20

$0.21

$0.22

$0.23

$0.24

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$0.26

3/1

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/07

4/2

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5/0

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/07

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4/0

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/07

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2/0

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2/0

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1/0

7

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/1/0

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12/2

1/0

7

1/1

0/0

8

1/3

0/0

8

2/1

9/0

8

3/1

0/0

8

En

ergy C

ost

($/k

WH

)

1,000

1,100

1,200

1,300

1,400

1,500

1,600

1,700

1,800

1,900

2,000

kW

H/d

ay

Ave. Rate

($/kWH)kWH/Day

Small College Experiences Modest Cost SavingsSmall College Experiences Modest Cost Savings

after Energy Retrofitafter Energy Retrofit

Relating How Cost of Energy Increased whichRelating How Cost of Energy Increased which

LevelledLevelled Savings of their Energy Efficient Retrofit.Savings of their Energy Efficient Retrofit.

Details, Details, DetailsDetails, Details, Details……

CH-2

Not Paying Attention to this Detail . . .Not Paying Attention to this Detail . . .

Cost this Operator Cost this Operator $8.7K$8.7K in Added Energy Cost.in Added Energy Cost.

Per Month.Per Month.

0

5

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2511:4

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0

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CT-1 kW CT-2 kW

CHWP-2 kW CWP-1 kW

CWP-2 kW Chiller-1 Electric Meter/KW/ ELECTRIC DEMAND

Bldg kW

Building Energy and Air Conditioning Use AggregationBuilding Energy and Air Conditioning Use Aggregation

0

5

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0

25

50

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125

CT-1 kW CT-2 kW

CHWP-2 kW CWP-1 kW


Bldg kW


Building Energy UseBuilding Energy Use

Chiller Energy UseChiller Energy Use

Chilled Water Pumps Chilled Water Pumps

Energy UseEnergy Use

Other Pumps and Other Pumps and

Cooling TowerCooling Tower

0

5

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2511:4

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M

0

25

50

75

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125

CT-1 kW CT-2 kW

CHWP-2 kW CWP-1 kW


Bldg kW


Building Energy UseBuilding Energy Use

Chiller Energy UseChiller Energy Use

Chilled Water Pumps Chilled Water Pumps

Energy UseEnergy Use

Other Pumps and Other Pumps and

Cooling TowerCooling Tower

Air Conditioning and its impact on Building Energy Use isAir Conditioning and its impact on Building Energy Use is

Commonly Studied, as Air Conditioning isCommonly Studied, as Air Conditioning is

the Largest Sector of Energy Use in Most Commercial Buildings.the Largest Sector of Energy Use in Most Commercial Buildings.

Solar 04/20~21/08

60

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1:0

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10

:00

AM

11

:00

AM

12

:00

PM

Tem

per

atu

re (

F)

tank interconnect #3

From Panel near gas heater $2

Tank to Panel at Pump #1

2

Hot Water

to House

Cold Water

from City

1

3

Hot Water

from Panel Water from

storage to panel

Solar Hot Water System EvaluationSolar Hot Water System Evaluation

Hot Water from the tank circulates through the solar panels

and cools during the night.

Solar 04/20~21/08

60

70

80

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110

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150

160

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180

3:0

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10

:00

PM

11

:00

PM

12

:00

AM

1:0

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M

2:0

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M

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M

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M

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M

9:0

0 A

M

10

:00

AM

11

:00

AM

12

:00

PM

Tem

per

atu

re (

F)

tank interconnect #3

From Panel near gas heater $2

Tank to Panel at Pump #1

2

Hot Water

to House

Cold Water

from City

1

3

Hot Water

from Panel Water from

storage to panel

Solar Hot Water System EvaluationSolar Hot Water System Evaluation

Solar Production can Be MeasuredSolar Production can Be Measured

Besides Lowering your Electric Bill,Besides Lowering your Electric Bill,

what other story does the data tell.what other story does the data tell.

Compare the Data of Solar Production to. . .Compare the Data of Solar Production to. . .

When there is a substantial shift from one Electrical Power SourWhen there is a substantial shift from one Electrical Power Source ce

to another, How is the Quality of Power in your Facility Affecteto another, How is the Quality of Power in your Facility Affected?d?

As Much as 25% Instantaneous As Much as 25% Instantaneous

Load Shifts from PV to Utility.Load Shifts from PV to Utility.


Ratings and Performance of Energy Producing as well as ConsumingRatings and Performance of Energy Producing as well as Consuming

Equipment Differ with Application.Equipment Differ with Application.

6.8 6.8 kWkWDCDC PV System PV System

Produces 4.1kWProduces 4.1kWACAC

. . . For an Hour or Two!. . . For an Hour or Two!


The Sun DoesnThe Sun Doesn’’t Shine Much When the Electric Utilityt Shine Much When the Electric Utility’’s Highest s Highest

Demand for Power occurs!Demand for Power occurs!

5pm 5pm -- 9pm9pm

HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGSHIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS

CAN ONLY EXISTS WHENCAN ONLY EXISTS WHEN

ITS FACILITY DESIGN IS BASED ONITS FACILITY DESIGN IS BASED ON

EMPIRICALLY MEASURED ANDEMPIRICALLY MEASURED AND

FACTORY PERFORMANCEFACTORY PERFORMANCE

INFORMATION.INFORMATION.

85

82.5

80

77.5

75

72.5

100%

75%

50%

25%0.40

0.45

0.50

0.55

0.60

0.65

0.70

0.75

0.80

0.85

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

kW/Ton

CWS Temp

Lo

ad

%

CWST vs Chiller Efficiency

Efficiency (kW/Ton)

1.000-1.050

0.950-1.000

0.900-0.950

0.850-0.900

0.800-0.850

0.750-0.800

0.700-0.7500.650-0.700

0.600-0.650

0.550-0.600

0.500-0.550

0.450-0.500

0.400-0.450

33rdrd Party dataParty data

Manufacture Performance Mapped for Manufacture Performance Mapped for

design analysis.design analysis.

Metering Methods include Various SensorsMetering Methods include Various Sensors

. . . for Various Needs. . . for Various Needs

A Case of MisunderstandingA Case of Misunderstanding

••Building complex provides condenser water cooling for tenants wiBuilding complex provides condenser water cooling for tenants with th

diverse building schedules, including one tenant with a 24diverse building schedules, including one tenant with a 24--hour need.hour need.

••The Utility allowed for AC metering/billing of the common condenThe Utility allowed for AC metering/billing of the common condenser ser

water cooling equipment which included two pumps and two coolingwater cooling equipment which included two pumps and two cooling

tower type equipment.tower type equipment.

••Preliminary and Historic Energy data was studied and determined Preliminary and Historic Energy data was studied and determined

that the facility was providing a constant volume resources at vthat the facility was providing a constant volume resources at varying arying

conditions. conditions.

••The facility resource needs were evaluated and the tenant and usThe facility resource needs were evaluated and the tenant and users ers

interviewed and a proposed redesign of the facility was proposedinterviewed and a proposed redesign of the facility was proposed to to

provide optimum efficiency with proper resources. The design provide optimum efficiency with proper resources. The design

included measurement methods and an energy management system.included measurement methods and an energy management system.

••Pre/Post Measurement results were reported to the owners and thePre/Post Measurement results were reported to the owners and the

EMCS continues to provide optimized operation and continually EMCS continues to provide optimized operation and continually

commissions the system to warn users of issues.commissions the system to warn users of issues.

NONO--PAYBACK, PAYBACK, ””HAVE TOHAVE TO”” REPAIRSREPAIRS

CAN BE COMBINED WITH CAN BE COMBINED WITH

CAREFULLY ANALYZED EQUIPMENTCAREFULLY ANALYZED EQUIPMENT

RETROFITS TO YIELDRETROFITS TO YIELD

HIGH RATES OF RETURN.HIGH RATES OF RETURN.

THE CASE: A Maui MallTHE CASE: A Maui Mall

Two Water Coolers, Two Condenser Pumps Two Water Coolers, Two Condenser Pumps

and exterior pipes were in need of repairs.and exterior pipes were in need of repairs.

PrePre--measurement of the equipment measurement of the equipment

functions revealed the cooling and pumping functions revealed the cooling and pumping

capacities well exceeded the needs of this capacities well exceeded the needs of this

strip mall tenants. strip mall tenants.

A Maui Mall Required AC Equipment Repairs

CoolersCoolers

Corroded Corroded

PipesPipes

CondenserCondenser

PumpsPumps

OPPORTUNITYOPPORTUNITY

The Owners commissioned a detailed The Owners commissioned a detailed

energy and facility audit to understand how energy and facility audit to understand how

our proposed energy conservation our proposed energy conservation

measures would pay for the R&M projectmeasures would pay for the R&M project..


CoolersCoolers

Corroded Corroded

PipesPipes

CondenserCondenser

PumpsPumps

Water Flow, Temperatures, Energy were Water Flow, Temperatures, Energy were

measured.measured.

Tenants and users were interviewed. Tenants and users were interviewed.

User Equipment were inspected and a User Equipment were inspected and a

performance design submitted.performance design submitted.


CoolersCoolers

Corroded Corroded

PipesPipes

CondenserCondenser

PumpsPumps

Energy Usage went from ~2,000kWH/DayEnergy Usage went from ~2,000kWH/Day

to less than 600 to less than 600 kWHkWH/Day /Day (--70%70%)

This equated to MORE THANThis equated to MORE THAN

2222¢¢ CAM COST REDUCTION!CAM COST REDUCTION!

Chiller Consumption Chiller Consumption

& Savings& SavingsBldg. Consumption & Bldg. Consumption &

SavingsSavings

Prediction of a HVAC Retrofit of a College Building AchievedPrediction of a HVAC Retrofit of a College Building Achieved


$0.16

$0.17

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3/1

6/2

007

4/5

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07

4/2

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007

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6/4

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07

6/2

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007

7/1

4/2

007

8/3

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07

8/2

3/2

007

9/1

2/2

007

10

/2/2

007

10/2

2/2

007

11/1

1/2

007

12

/1/2

007

12/2

1/2

007

1/1

0/2

008

1/3

0/2

008

2/1

9/2

008

3/1

0/2

008

En

erg

y C

ost

($/k

WH

)

1,000

1,100

1,200

1,300

1,400

1,500

1,600

1,700

1,800

1,900

2,000

kW

H/d

ay

Ave. Rate

($/kWH)kWH/Day

A Small College Energy Retrofit CompletedA Small College Energy Retrofit Completed

During the Oil Crisis.During the Oil Crisis.

Cost is Explained Simply with 3Cost is Explained Simply with 3rdrd Party and Building Party and Building

Metering.Metering.

High Performance Building Designs will Consistently High Performance Building Designs will Consistently

yield Award Winning Energy Efficient Projectsyield Award Winning Energy Efficient Projects

All Projects were Audited and PreAll Projects were Audited and Pre--

Measurements performed.Measurements performed.

LAST GIVELAST GIVE--A WAYA WAY

LIGHTINGLIGHTING

Hints and Information on:Hints and Information on:

DeDe--Lamping, Lamping,

Lamps Lamps

and Ballastsand Ballasts

Mix 5000 kelvin lamps (above)7.681.5

Lamp - GE F32T8-SPX50-ECO (5000 kelvin)7.644.2

Lamp - GE F32T8-XL-SPX50-HL-ECO (5000 kelvin)7.643.85000 kelvin Lamps

Lamp - GE F32T8-XL-SPX41-HL-ECO (4100 kelvin)7.644.481.34100 kelvin Lamps

82.0Lamp - GE F32T8-XL-SPX35-HL-ECO (3500 kelvin)7.643.679.83500 kelvin Lamps

2Lamp Ballast - GE-232MAX-L/Ultra-2H (High Ballast Factor)






2Lamp Ballast - GE-232MAX-L/Ultra-2N (Normal Ballast Factor)






2Lamp Ballast - GE-232MAX-L/Ultra-2L (Low Ballast Factor)

Ave. WMemoNo Lamp-Watts1 Lamp-Watts2 Lamps-WattsDesc. of Test - Wattage

Test performed on: 3/1/2009 by PSIG-HIFluourescent Test





















LOW Ballast

LOW Ballast

Factor w/2

Factor w/2

Lamps Lamps

=52.5W=52.5W





















LOW Ballast

LOW Ballast

Factor w/2

Factor w/2

Lamps Lamps

=52.5W=52.5W

LOW Ballast

LOW Ballast

Factor w/2 Factor w/2

Lamps Lamps

=52.5W=52.5W





















LOW Ballast

LOW Ballast

Factor w/2

Factor w/2

Lamps Lamps

==52.5W52.5W

LOW Ballast

LOW Ballast

Factor w/2 Factor w/2

Lamps Lamps

==60.5W60.5W

LOW Ballast

LOW Ballast

Factor w/2

Factor w/2

Lamps Lamps

==82.0W82.0W

Opportunity IncentivesOpportunity Incentives

HAWAII ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMHAWAII ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAM

H. Ray Starling Jr., SAICH. Ray Starling Jr., SAIC

��KnowledgeKnowledge: Gain Knowledge through measurement.: Gain Knowledge through measurement.

��UnderstandingUnderstanding: Gain Understanding by evaluating the : Gain Understanding by evaluating the

measured data.measured data.

��Success: Success occurs when proper Preparation Success: Success occurs when proper Preparation

meets Opportunity.meets Opportunity.

��Its never too late to start your measurement program. Its never too late to start your measurement program.

That will allow for a very intelligent Understanding when That will allow for a very intelligent Understanding when

undertaking your retrofit/repair project.undertaking your retrofit/repair project.

��If you are NOT measuring IT, what makes you think you If you are NOT measuring IT, what makes you think you

can Manage IT.can Manage IT.

Wish that the Message is DeliveredWish that the Message is Delivered

The Art ofThe Art of EnergyEnergySeries 5Series 5Series 5Series 5

Presented by:Presented by:Presented by:Presented by:

PSIG PSIG PSIG PSIG ---- HawaiiHawaiiHawaiiHawaii

Honolulu, HawaiiHonolulu, HawaiiHonolulu, HawaiiHonolulu, Hawaii

Energy Savings: A Measured Success

MahaloMahalo for your attention and timefor your attention and time

Hope youHope you’’ve gained some understanding of my approach to Energy ve gained some understanding of my approach to Energy

ManagementManagement

Got Questions?Got Questions?

Or contact Jan or Les at PSIGOr contact Jan or Les at PSIG--HIHI

(808) 955(808) 955--64186418

[email protected]@aol.com

MAHALO TO:MAHALO TO:

Documents

Energy Savings A Measured Success 051110