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Energy Performance of Heterogeneous LTE NetworksHenrik Forssell, Gunther Auer, Daniel DianatEricsson ABStockholm, Sweden
Third ETSI Workshop on ICT Energy Efficiency and Environmental Sustainability3-5 June 2015Sophia Antipolis
–Problem formulation–EARTH base station power model
Outline
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 2
–Scenario–Simulation results–Conclusion
Macro
Consumed Power
Macro
Het Net Scenario
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 3
Indoor Small Cell
Load
Small Cell
• How does het net deployment affect the energy performance?
• Elaborate trade-off between small cell
Problem Formulation
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 4
between small cell transmit power and node density?
• What is the potential for energy savings using sleep modes?
Energy Performance Assessment Methodology
Post Processing
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 5
Power Consumption Models
Energy Saving techniques
EARTH Base Station Power Model
›
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 6
Load dependent part
Fixed constant part
Resource utilization [%]0 100
Discontinuous Transmission
Resource utilization [%]
Power saving
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 7
Radio-frame 10ms
On
Time
Sleep
Discontinuous Transmission
• Micro DTX• MBSFN DTX• Lean Carrier
DTX
CRS
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 8
100%
OnSleep
41%59%59%
41%
MBSFN sub-frames
Radio-frame 10ms
on
DTX
on
MBSFN
MBSFN: Multi-cast and Broadcast Single Frequency Network
Small Cell Sleep Modes
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 9
Macro
Traffic load: High
Small Cell Sleep Modes
Sleep Sleep
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 10
Macro
Traffic load: Low
Simulation Scenario
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 11
› Asian Scenario– Dense urban (inspired by Tokyo and
Seoul)Macro deployment (3-sector sites)
– Surrounding macro ISD = 400m– Center macro ISD = 200m
Simulation Scenario
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 12
– Center macro ISD = 200m
› 10 largest buildings– Small cell deployment
Small Cell Deployment
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 13
Deployment Type Sparse
Coverage area per node 1000 m2
Number of nodes x
Small Cell Deployment
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 14
Deployment Type Dense
Coverage area per node 600 m2
Number of nodes x
Result Evaluation
› Center area polygon– Area: 1 km2
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 15
– Area: 1 km– Contains high-rise center area
Simulation Results
10th percentile DL user throughput
Deployment Sparse Pico
Transmit power 100, 200 and 500mW
Capacity 285-388 Mbps
Total power consumption
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 16
10 Mbps
2x Capacity
+ Small Cell Increase
- Macro Offload
Simulation ResultsDeployment Sparse Pico
Transmit power 100, 200 and 500mW
Capacity 285-388 Mbps
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 17
2x Peak Throughput
DTX Energy Savings
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 18
Sleep Mode Energy Savings
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 19
Sleep Mode Energy Savings
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› The deployment of small cells increases the performance of the network, but without energy saving techniques the power consumption is up to 3x higher than that of the macro reference.
› With energy saving techniques such as DTX and small cell
Conclusion
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 21
› With energy saving techniques such as DTX and small cell sleep modes, the energy consumption of the HetNets can be reduced.
› From an energy performance perspective, dense low power pico deployment vs a sparse high power pico deployment are equally efficient. Micro DAS however, have shown to be a deployment of poor energy efficiency due to high feeder losses in the cables
› The results also show that the total daily energy consumption of the HetNets can be reduced by 10-20% with DTX.
› Introducing longer sleep periods also show potential for energy savings. The result shows that with a sparse pico
Conclusion
HetNet Energy Efficiency | Public | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-25 | Page 22
energy savings. The result shows that with a sparse pico deployment, the power consumption at low traffic loads can be reduced by 33%.