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Energy Management : 2010/2011
Class # 1
Course organization
Sustainability and resource management
Prof. Paulo Ferrão
Energy Management
MOTIVATION
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 2 of 53
Energy Management
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Environment
Labor
Capital
Human development and resource productivity
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 3 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
Up to the 18th Century
Fisiocrats(Quesnay, Turgot)
Land, agriculture, Natural Resources
Farmers Crop value Main production factor
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Ano
Imp
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Energy Management
Producers Consumers
Natural Ecosystem
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 4 of 53
DecomposersNutrients reservoir
Energy
Nutrients
Energy Management
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Environment
Labor
Capital
Human development and resource productivity
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 5 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
End of the 18th Century and middle 19th Century
Adam Smith, Karl Marx
Work on Manufacturing
Companies and commerce
Objective assets, capital
Secondary production factor, supporting labor
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Ano
Imp
ort
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Energy Management
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rtâ
nc
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ela
tiva
Environment
Labor
Capital
Human development and resource productivity
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 6 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
End of the 19th Century, 20th Century
Neoclassics Labor: manufacturing, administration, research and development
Market and companies
Different subjective values determined by market
Value totally overcome by capital and labour
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Ano
Imp
ort
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Energy Management
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Environment
Labor
Capital
Unemployment and
overexploitation of
Human development and resource productivity
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 7 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
Contemporary Multifactors Markets, companies and technologies
GDP
0
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20
30
0 500 1000 1500 2000
Ano
Imp
ort
ân
cia
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overexploitation of
environment are factors
that determin the major
relevance of the
Productivitity of Natural
Resources
Energy Management
BusinessBusiness--asas--usualusual
Compliance with regulation
Pollution prevention
EIA, Energy audits,
Process orientedProcess oriented
Historical pattern of Environmental strategiesHistorical pattern of Environmental strategiesTime and Time and
SpaceSpace
Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 8 of 53
Extended product Extended product responsabilityresponsability
Eco-efficiency
Design for Environment
Life Cycle Assessment
LCA
Product orientedProduct oriented
EIA, Energy audits,
Envir. audits
Energy Management
MSW
EEE
Car
Components Components AssemblyAssembly UseUse
Life cycle thinking
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 9 of 53
ManufacturingManufacturingAssemblyAssembly UseUse
Waste
Environment
Resources
Resources
Energy Management
MSW
Other
s
EEE
Life cycle thinking
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 10 of 53
Environment
Car
Components ManufacturingComponents
ManufacturingAssemblyAssembly UseUse
Resources Waste
Energy Management
BusinessBusiness--asas--usualusual
Compliance with regulation
Pollution prevention
EIA, Energy audits,
Process orientedProcess oriented
Historical pattern of Environmental strategiesHistorical pattern of Environmental strategiesTime and Time and
SpaceSpace
Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 11 of 53
IndustrialIndustrial EcologyEcology
Creating loop closing industrial ecosystems
Promoting waste exchanges
Cascading energy utilization
Systems OrientedSystems Oriented
Extended product Extended product responsabilityresponsability
Eco-efficiency
Design for Environment
Life Cycle Assessment
LCA
Product orientedProduct oriented
EIA, Energy audits,
Envir. audits
Energy Management
Others
MSW
EEE
CarComponents
ManufacturingComponents
ManufacturingAssemblyAssembly UseUse
BulkBulk-- MFAMFA
LCALCA
SFASFA
TOOLS
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 12 of 53
SFASFAMFAMFA
Energy Management
Producers Consumenrs
Natural Ecosystem
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 13 of 53
DecomposersNutrients reservoir
Energy
Nutrients
ECONOMYMETABOLISM
Energy Management
Materials Flow Analysis
Air
WaterAir
Water
Imports Exports
DMITMR
Foreign hidden flows
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 14 of 5314
Economy
* Matthews et al. (2000)
Stocks
ENVIRONMENT
Environmental
burdens
DMITMRDomestic
extraction
Domestic
output
Domestic hidden flows
Energy Management
Portugal in the European Context
(1988-1997)
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 15 of 53
Adapted from Bringezu and Schütz, 2000, Total Material Requirement of the European Union, European Environment Agency, Technical report No 55.
Energy Management
A new Kuznets Curve ?
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 16 of 53
itititit yydmi εβββ +++=2
210
Canas, A., Ferrão, P. and Conceição, P. (2003) “A new environmental kuznets curve? Relationship
between direct material input and income per capita: evidence from industrialized countries”.
Ecological Economics. Volume 46, Issue 2, September 2003 , Pages 217-229.
Energy Management
Ecological Footprint
The
ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT is a resource management tool that measures how much land and water area a human population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes under prevailing technology.
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 17 of 53
• The Ecological Footprint, human demand, and biocapacity, ecosystem supply, are both measured in units of global hectares, a hectare normalized to the average productivity of all bioproductive hectares on Earth.
• As of 2003, there are approximately 11.2 billion global hectares of area available. In that same year, humanity demanded products and services from the equivalent of 14.1 billion global hectares.
• Excel file
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
Energy Management
Ecological Footprint
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 18 of 53
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
Energy Management
Ecological Footprint
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 19 of 53
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
Energy Management
HOW TO DESIGN A BETTER WORLD ?
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 20 of 53
HOW TO DESIGN A BETTER WORLD ?
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Energy Management
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 21 of 53
Energy Management
Energy transformation
Sankey Diagramm
Primary energy
Final energy
PRODUCTION
EFFICIENCY
Energy Transformation:
� Dams, thermal power stations, wind mills, ...
� Refineries, …
� Fuel transport, electricity networks, …
Energy Conversion:
Su
pp
ly
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 22 of 53
Final energy
Useful energy
Productive energy
ENERGY
EFFICIENCY
CONTROL
& BEHAVIOR
� Internal combustion engines, ...
� Lamps, …
� Heaters, …
Dem
and
Energy Use:
� Products, ...
� Confort, …
� Transportation, …
Energy Management
Block diagram
EXAMPLE
D
E
C
GA 11109
75
2
F
1
4 B
3
6
128
Operation AM2
M3
MR
EA
Materials
lnput Production
Energy
consumption
Residues
M1
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 23 of 53
( )
( )
CECE
CEfCEfSCECE
CESCECE
CESCECE
CEfCEfCEfSCECE
CESCECE
CESCECE
45
5533CC7
2AA4
4BB6
776611DD9
9EE10
10GG11
=
×+×+=
+=
+=
×+×+×+=
×+=
×+=
Energy Management
Energy systems analysis
PROBLEM 01 – Complex system (recycling + treatment)
Consider the following system, and determine the matrix of flow relations.
14J
13I
12
Recycling
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 24 of 53
43D
5E
6Final
7F
8G
9Energy
10H
11Waste
Treatment
B2
A1
K
1516
C
Energy Management
IO model - Leontief
• Idea developed by W. Leontief (Nobel prize in economics in 70’s)
• Part of National Income and Product Accounts• Total Inputs = Total Outputs
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 25 of 53
Transaction table beetween sectors Final demand
Total Output
x11 + x12 + x13 + : + x1n + y1 = x1x21 + x22 + x23 + : + x2n + y2 = x2x31 + x32 + x33 + : + x3n + y3 = x3::::::::::::::.xn1 + xn2 + xn3 + : + xnn + y3 = xn
Sales
$
Energy Management
The challenge
Buildings
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 26 of 53
Renewables
Transp.
Energy Management
Course Organization
Aula DataResumo - Aulas Teóricas
Energia+Sistemas (Segundas, 14:30-16h30, V1.36)
Resumo - Aulas TeóricasProdução 1+2
(Sextas, 15h00, AM)Bibliografia
1 13-Set SUSTAINABILITY AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT “ECOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL: PRINCÍPIOS E FERRAMENTAS”. PAULO FERRÃO. IST PRESS
Capítulos 1 e 21 17-Set SUSTAINABILITY AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
2 20-Set ENERGY DEMAND, ENERGY SUPPLY AND POLICIES FOR PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY (SGCIE) “GESTÃO DE ENERGIA”. MIGUEL ÁGUAS.
SEBENTA IST.2 24-Set ENERGY DEMAND, ENERGY SUPPLY AND POLICIES FOR PROMOTING
ENERGY EFFICIENCY (SGCIE)
3 27-Set ENERGY SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, BLOCK DIAGRAMS“ECOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL: PRINCÍPIOS E
FERRAMENTAS”. PAULO FERRÃO. IST PRESS CAPÍTULO 3 “GESTÃO DE ENERGIA”. MIGUEL
ÁGUAS. SEBENTA IST.3 01-Out ENERGY SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, BLOCK DIAGRAMS
4 04-Out LCA - AN ENVIRONMENTAL EXTENSION OF ENERGY SYSTEMS MODELING “ECOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL: PRINCÍPIOS E
FERRAMENTAS”. PAULO FERRÃO. IST PRESS Capítulo 34 08-Out LCA - AN ENVIRONMENTAL EXTENSION OF ENERGY SYSTEMS
MODELING
5 11-Out LCA - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS “ECOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL: PRINCÍPIOS E FERRAMENTAS”. PAULO FERRÃO. IST PRESS
Capítulo 35 15-Out LCA - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
6 18-Out Modelling LCA through Input-Output Models “ECOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL: PRINCÍPIOS E FERRAMENTAS”. PAULO FERRÃO. IST PRESS
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 27 of 53
FERRAMENTAS”. PAULO FERRÃO. IST PRESS Capítulo 46 22-Out Modelling LCA through Input-Output Models
7 25-Out Enegy systems analysis - Input-Output processes “ECOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL: PRINCÍPIOS E FERRAMENTAS”. PAULO FERRÃO. IST PRESS
CAPÍTULO 4 “GESTÃO DE ENERGIA”. MIGUEL ÁGUAS. SEBENTA IST.
7 29-Out Enegy systems analysis - Input-Output processes
8 05-Nov Energy markets -1 “GESTÃO DE ENERGIA”. MIGUEL ÁGUAS.
SEBENTA IST.9 08-Nov Energy markets - 1
9 12-Nov Energy markets - 2“GESTÃO DE ENERGIA”. MIGUEL ÁGUAS.
SEBENTA IST.10 15-Nov Energy markets - 2
10 19-Nov Energy audits“GESTÃO DE ENERGIA”. MIGUEL ÁGUAS.
SEBENTA IST.11 22-Nov Energy audits
11 26-Nov Energy in Buildings - RCCTE“GESTÃO DE ENERGIA”. MIGUEL ÁGUAS.
SEBENTA IST. LEGISLAÇÃO12 29-Nov Energy in Buildings - RCCTE
12 03-Dez Energy in Buildings - Prob. RSECE“GESTÃO DE ENERGIA”. MIGUEL ÁGUAS.
SEBENTA IST. LEGISLAÇÃO13 06-Dez Energy in Buildings - Prob. RSECE
13 10-Dez Visita de estudo
14 13-Dez Visita de estudo
Energy Management
Evaluation
Contribution to the final classification
2 TestsNov. 5
th+ 1 exam date
50% each
1 Exam 100 %
Class # 1 : Sustainability and resource management Slide 28 of 53
1 Exam 100 %
