ENERGY

Energy is the ability to do WORK (or move things)

Work is defined as FORCE x DISTANCE

Energy is measured in JOULES Energy that is stored is called POTENTIAL The energy of moving things is called

KINETIC An example of when potential energy is

transferred into kinetic energy is when

KINETIC FORMS OF ENERGY

Mechanical energy is the energy of motion (when whole objects move, like when CARS move).

THERMAL energy causes the movement and vibration of atoms and molecules. (Motion of atoms and molecules)

The more energy, the MORE these tiny particles move.

Electrical energy includes the movement of electrons (called ELECTRICITY through a wire to make appliances work and the

energy powering lights.

Electromagnetic Energy or Radiant Energy involves the movement of PHOTONS of various WAVELENGTHS, like visible light, X-rays, radio waves, microwaves, etc.

POTENTIAL FORMS OF ENERGY CHEMICAL energy is stored in substances

like food, batteries, or fuel (like gas, oil, diesel or kerosene.)

NUCLEAR energy is the energy trapped in the NUCLEUS of an atom due to the forces of the nucleus like STRONG nuclear

FORCE.

GRAVITATIONAL energy is the potential to do work and set objects into motion created by gravity.

CHANGES IN ENERGY When you eat food then the energy is

used by muscles, CHEMICAL energy that has been turned into MECHANICAL energy.

When you turn on a fan, energy is turned from ELECTRICAL energy into MECHANICAL energy.

A solar panel turns RADIANT energy into ELECTRICAL energy.

Burning coal in a power plant turns CHEMICAL energy into THERMAL energy.

MEASURING ENERGY

Calories and calories are two units of energy.

1 Calorie = 1,000 calories A Calorie is a Food Calorie and it is the amount of energy to raise one kilogram of water one degree Celsius. Joules 1 calorie = 4.184 J or 1 Calorie = 4,184 J Conversion

PRACTICE CONVERTING

If you have 100 Calories, how many calories and Joules do you have?

100 Calories x 1,000 calories = 100,000 cal

1 Calories 100 Calories x 4,184 Joules =

418,400 J 1 Calories

TEMPERATURE

Temperature is measuring the MOVEMENT of matter.

Fahrenheit - °F Celsius - °C Common Temperatures

in Celsius and Fahrenheit

CALORIES AND WEIGHT

3500 Calories = 1 pound If Calories are not used they are stored as

fat. If Calories are used, then the body must

use stored fat.

PROTEIN, CARBS AND FATS

These organic compounds are what make up every living thing.

We are composed of these and we eat these to make us.

All 3 of these have calories. Carbs provide energy, protein provides

structure, and fats provide storage and energy.

DAILY EXERCISE PLAN

Hour running on treadmill = 600 Calories Hour of ballet or tap dancing = 300

Calories Hour on elliptical = 500 Calories Hour of rock climbing = 700 Calories Hour of swimming = 700 Calories A 150 lb person burns 1800 Calories per

day from regular activities: Rule of 12:

150 x 12 = 1800

DAILY FOOD INTAKE

Monster = 200 Calories Eggo Waffle = 100 Calories Donut = 300 Calories Quarter Pounder = 500 Calories Medium French Fries = 400 Calories Coffee = 0 Calories Water = 0 Calories Coke Zero = 0 Calories Pack of Peanut M&M’s = 150 Calories

HOW MR. CARLSON LOST 65 POUNDS

Things Eaten or Activities Done Calories

Coffee 0

Donut 300

Soup 300

Coke Zero 0

Monster 200

Peanut M&M’s 150

Quarter Pounder 500

Medium French Fries 400

Diet Coke 0

2 hours on Elliptical in front of television -1,000

Daily Activities -2,000

TOTAL -1,150

Remember -3500 Calories will cause you to lose ONE pound!!

QUIZ #11

1) What is chemical potential energy? A) energy of motion B) energy stored within a bond C) energy stored due to an objects

position D) energy produced by a chemical

reaction.

2) Give an example where chemical potential energy is found.

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