Energy Investments for Military Operations: for Fiscal Year 2013

7/31/2019 Energy Investments for Military Operations: for Fiscal Year 2013

1/45


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Preparation of this study/report cost the Department of

Defense a total of approximately $191,000 for the 2012

Fiscal Year.

Generated on 2012May03 1508 RefID: A-D38D2E4


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ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE

3700 DEFENSE PENTAGONWASHINGTON, DC 20301-3700

OPERATIONAL ENERGYPLANS AND PROGRAMS

On December 11, 2011, General John Allen directed all U.S. forces in Afghanistan to take steps

to improve the energy security of the mission. Operational energy, he wrote, is about improving

combat effectiveness. Its about increasing our forces endurance, being more lethal, and reducing the

number of men and women risking their lives moving fuel. General Allens memo and the Departments

May 2011 Operational Energy Strategy send a consistent message: Improvements in military energy

security provide the Department with a unique opportunity to improve efficiency while increasing

operational effectiveness. As part of my authorities for advancing military energy security (10 USC

138c), I am required to review DoDs proposed annual budget and report to the Secretary of Defense

whether the budget is adequate for meeting the goals of the strategy. This report satisfies that requirement

for the FY 2013 budget.

Last year, the Department consumed 116.8 million barrels (mbbls) of fuel at a cost of $17.2B

($3.51/gallon). For FY 2013, the Department budgeted approximately $16.3B for 104 mbbls of fuel and

approximately $1.6B for operational energy initiatives. As the Assistant Secretary of Defense for

Operational Energy Plans and Programs, I certify the proposed budgets are adequate for the

implementation of the DoD Operational Energy Strategy.

The FY 2013 Operational Energy Budget Certification is my second certification effort and the

process differed significantly from last year. For the FY 2013 certification, I evaluated the Components

budgets against the DoD Operational Energy Strategy and the targets provided in its associated

implementation plan. We benefited from the Office of the Director for Cost Assessment and Program

Evaluation (CAPE) development and deployment of an Operational Energy Select and Native

Programming (SNaP) exhibit, which proved invaluable for the timely collection of the detailed program

and funding data. I also formed a Certification Advisory Working Group (CAWG) with representatives

from my office, CAPE, the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller), the Joint Staff, the

Services, and the Defense Logistics Agency to conduct an assessment of the adequacy of each

Components proposed budget and provide certification recommendations.

I expect my FY 2014 Operational Energy Budget Certification to be methodologically similar to

this one. I do expect that the CAWG will have sufficient information for the first time to make

recommendations in regards to investments that can be streamlined or strengthened. In particular, I will

task the CAWG to identify gaps or overlaps in investments, insufficient migration from science andtechnology to deployment, and insufficient attention to legacy system improvements. Improving these

areas will benefit mission effectiveness and promote interoperability of equipment as well as potentially

saving money.

Sharon E. Burke

Attachment:Fiscal Year 2013 Operational Energy Budget Certification Report


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Report on Operational Energy Budget Certification for Fiscal Year 2013

4

TABLEOFCONTENTS

FOREWORD.1

EXECUTIVESUMMARY4

APPROACHTOBUDGETCERTIFICATION9

DEPARTMENTOFTHEARMYOPERATIONALENERGYBUDGETCERTIFICATION. 11

DEPARTMENTOFTHENAVYOPERATIONALENERGYBUDGETCERTIFICATION 20

DEPARTMENTOFAIRFORCEOPERATIONALENERGYBUDGETCERTIFICATION 35

DEFENSE

AGENCIES

AND

OFFICE

OF

THE

SECRETARY

OF

DEFENSE

41


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5

EXECUTIVESUMMARY

ThisisthesecondOperationalEnergyBudgetCertification.Itdifferssignificantlyfrom

theinauguraleffortandsetsthetoneforsubsequentefforts. TheDepartmentofDefenses

OperationalEnergyStrategy,publishedinMay2011,wasnotavailabletoinfluencetheComponents

development

of

the

proposed

FY

2013

budgets.

Nevertheless,

Ichose

to

evaluate

themilitarydepartmentsproposedbudgetsagainsttheDoDOperationalEnergyStrategygiventhegoaloftheDoDOperationalEnergyStrategyistopromotemilitaryenergysecurity,or

reliablesuppliesofenergytomilitaryoperation. Thestrategyidentifiesredirectingthedemand

forfuel,expandingand/ordiversifyingthesuppliesoffuel,andincorporatingenergysecurity

intothefutureforceastheprincipalwaystoreachthatgoal. OperationalEnergyPlansand

Programpreparedthiscertificationreporttoreflectthestrategysimplementationplan,which

hasseventargetsthatareconsistentwiththemilitarydepartmentsenergystrategies. (See

below)

MoreFight,LessFuel: Reducethedemandforenergyinmilitaryoperation

Target1 MeasureOperationalEnergyConsumption

Target2 ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsandTraining

Target3 PromoteOperationalEnergyInnovation

Moreoptions,lessrisk: Expandandsecurethesupplyofenergytomilitaryoperations

Target4 ImproveOperationalEnergySecurityatFixedinstallations

Target5 PromotetheDevelopmentofAlternativeFuels

Morecapability,lesscost: Buildenergysecurityintothefutureforce

Target6 IncorporateEnergySecurityConsiderationsintoRequirements/Acquisition

Target

7

Adapt

Policy,

Doctrine,

Professional

Military

Education

and

Combatant

CommandActivities

Tosupportthiscertificationeffort,theOfficeoftheDirectorforCostAssessmentand

ProgramEvaluation(CAPE)providedanOperationalEnergySelectandNativeProgramming

(SNaP)exhibit,whichprovedinvaluableforthetimelycollectionofthedetailedprogramand

fundingdata. Finally,IformedaCertificationAdvisoryWorkingGroup(CAWG)with

representativesfrommyoffice,CAPE,theOfficeoftheUnderSecretaryofDefense

(Comptroller),theJointStaff,theServices,andtheDefenseLogisticsAgencytoconductan

assessmentof

the

adequacy

of

each

Components

proposed

budget

and

provide

certification

recommendations. IexpecttocontinuetoevaluatetheproposedbudgetsagainsttheDoD

OperationalEnergyStrategy,gaininvaluableinsightsfromCAPEsSNaPOperationalEnergySNaPexhibit,andusetheCAWGtoevaluatetheproposedbudgetsandprovidemewith

recommendations.

ForFY2013,DoDbudgetedapproximately$1.6Bforoperationalenergyinitiativesand

approximately$16.3Bforfuelpurchases. TheFutureYearsDefenseProgram(FYDP)budget

totalforoperationalenergyinitiativesisapproximately$9.0B.


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6

ThedistributionofFY2013 2017FYDPfundingforoperationalenergyinitiativesacross

theappropriationsisshownbelow:

O&M

Procurement

RDT&E

NDSF

DoDOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017

Themajorityoftheoperationalenergyinitiativefunding,approximately54percent,isinRDT&E

withProcurementaccountingforapproximately38percentacrosstheFYDP. Operationsand

MaintenanceandNationalDefenseSealiftFundaccountfortheremainingeightpercentof

operationalenergyfunding.

ThefigurebelowshowsDoDsFYDPbudgettotalforOperationalenergyinitiativesarrangedby

thethreeOperationalEnergyStrategyObjectives:

DemandReductionInitiatives

SupplyExpansionInitiatives

PlanningforStrategicEnergyUse

DoDOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017

Approximately90percentofthefunding,$8.1BFY2013 2017,isfocusedoninitiativesto

reducedemandwithapproximately9percent,$822.9MFY20132017,forsupplyexpansion

initiatives. Theremainingonepercentisallocatedtoplanningforstrategicenergyuse.

38%54%

7%

1%

90%

9%

1%


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7

TheDepartmentoftheArmybudgeted$562.4MinFY2013andapproximately$4.2B

acrosstheFYDPforoperationalenergyinitiatives. Approximately89percentofthefunding

($3.7B)acrosstheFYDPisbudgetedfordemandreductioninitiativeswhiletheremaining11

percent($469.0M)isalignedtosupplyexpansioninitiatives. Approximately79percentofthe

fundingacrosstheFYDPsupportsTarget#2,ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyin

Operationsand

Training

while

approximately

21

percent

is

aligned

to

Target

#3,

Promote

OperationalEnergyInnovation. ArmyinitiativesforimprovingEnergyPerformanceand

EfficiencyinOperationsandTraininginclude: generatorsandmicrogridsimprovements;

combatvehicleimprovements;animprovedrotarywingedaircraftengine;AviationSimulators

GroundSoldierSystems;andnew,moreefficientForceProvidermodulesandassociated

equipment. ArmyOperationalEnergyInnovationinitiativesinclude:combatvehicleand

automotivetechnologies;aviationtechnologies;Warfighter(Soldier)technologies;andDefense

ResearchSciences,e.g.basicresearchefforts. TheDepartmentoftheArmycouldstrengthen

itsoperationalenergyeffortsbybudgetingforthedevelopmentandimplementationofthe

toolsand

systems

required

to

incorporate

energy

security

considerations

into

Requirements

andAcquisition. Thisisimportantforensuringthatfutureinvestmentsinequipmentand

capabilitieswillincorporateimprovedenergysecurity. Additionally,Iremainconcernedabout

theDepartmentseffortstowardsimprovingtheenergyperformanceofthefutureground

tacticalfleet.

TheDepartmentoftheNavybudgeted$402.1MinFY2013andapproximately$2.2B

acrosstheFYDPforoperationalenergyinitiatives. TheDepartmentoftheNavysfunding

encompassesboththeNavy($337.7MFY2013,$1.9BFYDP)andtheMarineCorps($64.4MFY

2013,$352.1MFYDP). WithintheNavysbudget,approximately83percentofthefunding

acrosstheFYDPisbudgetedfordemandreductioninitiativeswiththesupplyexpansion

initiativesaccountingfortheremaining17percent. Approximately58percentofthefunding

acrosstheFYDPsupportsTarget#2,ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperations

andTraining,while30percentisalignedtoTarget#3,PromoteOperationalEnergyInnovation.

NavyinitiativesforimprovingEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsandTraining

include: theHybridElectricDriveDevelopmentandImplementation;ElectricShipsOffice

EfficiencyInitiatives;andSimulatorUpgrades,alongwithongoingShipboardIncentivized

EnergyConservationProgramandthenewlyestablishedAirEnergyConservationProgram.

NavyOperationalEnergyInnovationinitiativesincludebothdemandreductionandsupply

expansion. Demandreductioninnovationeffortsinclude: NavalVariableCycleEngine

Technology;ElectricShipResearch&DevelopmentConsortium;ShipHydrodynamics;andthe

TurbineEngineTechnologyDemonstration. Supplyexpansioninnovationsinclude: Unmanned

UnderseaVehicle(UUV)initiatives;EnergyEfficiency&AlternativeEnergyTechnologies;and

PowerandEnergyMaterialsResearch. TheUSMCisprimarilyfocusedondemandreduction

initiativeswithapproximately89percent($315.6M)acrosstheFYDPforprogramssuchas

AdvancedPowerSources,FamilyofSheltersandShelterEquipment,FamilyofExpeditionary

WaterSystems,FamilyofMobileElectricPowerEquipment,andMediumTacticalVehicle


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8

Replacement. TheDepartmentoftheNavycouldstrengthenitsoperationalenergyeffortsby

budgetingforthedevelopmentandimplementationofthetoolsandsystemsrequiredto

incorporateenergysecurityconsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition. Thisis

importantforensuringthatfutureinvestmentsinequipmentandcapabilitieswillincorporate

improvedenergysecurity.

TheDepartmentoftheAirForcebudgeted$573.5MinFY2013andapproximately

$2.4BacrosstheFYDPforoperationalenergyinitiatives. Approximately93percentofthe

fundingacrosstheFYDPisbudgetedfordemandreductioninitiativeswiththesupplyexpansion

initiativesaccountingfor6.5percentandplanningforstrategicenergyusetheremaining0.5

percent. Approximately52percentofthefundingacrosstheFYDPsupportsTarget#3,Promote

OperationalEnergyInnovation,while48percentisalignedtoTarget#2,ImproveEnergy

PerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsandTraining. AirForceOperationalEnergy

Innovationinitiativesinclude: AerospacePropulsionandPowerTechnologies,Aerospace

Vehicle

Technologies;

ADVENT

Technology

Maturation;

Materials

Technologies;

and

alternative

fuelstechnologydevelopment. AirForceinitiativesforimprovingEnergyPerformanceand

EfficiencyinOperationsandTraininginclude: procurementandsustainmentofBasic

ExpeditionaryAirfieldResources(BEAR)sets;KC135enginemodificationstoincrease

efficiency;KC10dragreductionefforts;andtheAutomaticDependentSurveillanceBroadcast

(ADSB)technologyinsertion. TheDepartmentoftheAirForcecouldstrengthenitsoperational

energyeffortsbybudgetingforgreaterenergyefficiencyinthelegacyandfuturefixedwing

fleetandthedevelopmentandimplementationofthetoolsandsystemsrequiredto

incorporateenergysecurityconsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition. Thisis

importantforensuringthatfutureinvestmentsinequipmentandcapabilitieswillincorporate

improvedenergysecurity.

TheDefenseLogisticsAgency(DLA),DefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency

(DARPA),andOfficeofSecretaryofDefense(OSD)provideanadditional$102.2MinFY2013

and$256.1MacrosstheFYDP. Theseprogramsprovidevaluableinvestmentsintoalternative

fuelscertification,batterymanufacturingtechnologies,operationaleffectivenessviatargeted

scienceandtechnologyinvestments,andbiofuelproduction. IhaveconcernsaboutDARPAs

eliminationoffundingforenergyprogramsandencouragetheagencytoreconsiderfunding

meritoriousprojectsinthisareaalongwithconsideringtheenergyrequiredofexistingprojects.

Aftercarefulconsideration,IcertifyeachDoDComponentsproposedbudgetis

adequateforimplementationoftheoperationalenergyaspectsoftheirenergystrategy.

Nevertheless,Ihavethefollowingconcerns:

TheDepartmentneedstodevelopandimplementthetoolsandsystemsrequiredtoincorporateenergysecurityconsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition. TheArmy

hasnotbudgetedforthesustainmentandimprovementofthe"SustaintheMission"

modelingandsimulationtool,whichisafoundationaltoolfortheArmytoevaluatefuel


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9

logisticsplans. NeithertheNavynortheAirForcehasbudgetedforthedevelopmentofthe

modelingandsimulationtoolstoenableforceplannerstosimulateandassessthecombat

capabilityeffectsofenemyattacksonU.S.logisticsforces.

TheDepartmentshouldtakestepstoimprovetheenergyperformanceofthelegacyandfuturegroundandfixedwingfleets. TheArmyhasbudgetedforandisworkingonenergy

efficiencyimprovements

for

the

Bradley

and

Abrams

fleets,

but

the

High

Mobility

MultipurposeWheeledVehicle(HMMWV)andMineResistantAmbushProtected(MRAP)

fleetshavenoplannedenergyperformanceupgrades. Thefuturegroundtacticalfleet

includestheGroundCombatVehicle(GCV)andtheJointLightTacticalVehicle(JLTV)and

theArmyhasstatedtheircommitmenttoimprovetheenergyefficiencyofthesesystems

overthesystemstheywillreplace. TheAirForcehasfundedimprovementstotheKC10,

butmanypotentialimprovementsfortheC130andC17fleetsremainunfunded.

Iexpectmynextbudgetcertificationtobemethodologicallysimilartothisone. The

Department

wide

OperationalEnergy

Strategy

will

shape

the

development

of

proposed

FY2014budgets. WewillworkwithComponentstoimprovetheOperationalEnergySNaP

submission,andIwillonceagainusetheCAWGtoprovidemeanalysisandrecommendations.

IdoexpectthattheCAWGwillhavesufficientinformationforthefirsttimeintheFY2014

OperationalEnergyBudgetCertificationtomakerecommendationsinregardstoinvestments

thatcanbestreamlinedorstrengthened. Inparticular,Iamconcernedthattheremaybegaps

oroverlapsinsomeinvestments,insufficientmigrationfromscienceandtechnologyto

deployment,andinsufficientattentiontolegacysystemimprovements. Improvingtheseareas

willbenefitmissioneffectivenessandpromoteinteroperabilityofequipmentaswellas

potentiallysavingmoney.


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10

APPROACHTOBUDGETCERTIFICATION

ForthisFY2013budgetcertificationassessment,IevaluatedtheMilitaryDepartments,

DefenseAgenciesandOSDsproposedbudgetsagainsttheDepartmentofDefense(DoD)

OperationalEnergyStrategy. ThegoaloftheDoDOperationalEnergyStrategyistoensurereliable

supplies

of

energy

for

21st

century

military

missions.

The

strategy

provides

three

principalobjectivesforreachingthatgoalandtheImplementationPlanprovidesspecifictargets

foreachobjective:

Morefight,lessfuel:Reducethedemandforenergyinmilitaryoperations.o Target1: MeasureOperationalEnergyConsumption.o Target2: ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsand

Training.

o Target3: PromoteOperationalEnergyInnovation. Moreoptions,lessrisk:Expandandsecurethesupplyofenergytomilitaryoperations.

o Target4: ImproveOperationalEnergySecurityatFixedInstallations.o Target5: PromotetheDevelopmentofAlternativeFuels.

Morecapability,lesscost:Buildenergysecurityintothefutureforce.o Target6: IncorporateEnergySecurityConsiderationsintoRequirementsand

Acquisition.

o Target7: AdaptPolicy,Doctrine,ProfessionalMilitaryEducation,andCombatantCommandActivities.

Theseoperationalenergyobjectivesandtargetswerethecriteriausedforevaluatingthe

certification

of

the

DoD

Components

proposed

budgets.

Itookanear andfartermapproachtoTarget2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceand

EfficiencyinOperationsandTrainingbyfocusingontwobroadareas: SupportCurrent

OperationswithEnergyImprovementsandImprovetheOperationalEnergyEfficiencyofthe

MilitaryDepartments. Formyevaluation,SupportCurrentOperationswithEnergy

Improvementsincludeseffortstoimproveenergyperformanceandefficiencyinoperations,

suchasthefieldingoffueldemandmanagementimprovementsbytheMilitaryDepartmentsto

Afghanistanandotherlocationsinsupportofcontingencyoperations. Theseimprovements

rangefromenergyefficiencymeasurestorenewableenergytechnologies.Generally,these

effortsarefundedwithOperationsandMaintenanceorProcurementappropriationsandmay

befundedwithinthebaseortheOverseasContingencyOperations(OCO)budget. Improvethe

OperationalEnergyEfficiencyoftheMilitaryDepartmentsincludeseffortstoreducethe

demandforfuelandincreasecapabilityinbothcurrentoperationsandthefutureforce.

Generally,theseeffortsarefundedinProcurementorResearch,Development,Test&

EvaluationBudgetActivity47appropriations,fundedwithinthebasebudget,andarean

AcquisitionCategoryIIIIprogram.


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11

Target3:PromoteOperationalEnergyInnovationdiffersfromTarget2:Improve

EnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsandTrainingasitcapturesourscienceand

technologyinvestmentssupportingoperationalenergy. Generally,theseeffortsarefundedin

theResearch,Development,Test&EvaluationBudgetActivity13appropriationinthebase

budget.

TheinitiativesfallingwithinTarget4:ImproveOperationalEnergySecurityatFixed

InstallationsareoverseenandreportedbytheOfficeoftheDeputyUnderSecretaryof

DefenseforInstallationsandEnvironment(DUSD(I&E)). Theseinitiativesareprimarilyfunded

withMilitaryConstruction,andOperationsandMaintenance.Toreducereportingredundancy,

IhavedeferredcommentsinthisareatotheDUSD(I&E),butOEPPfollowsmissionenergy

securityatinstallationsinsupportofDUSD(I&E).

Tofacilitatethedocumentationofoperationalenergyfundingattheappropriatelevel

ofdetail,

my

staff

worked

with

the

Office

of

the

Director

for

Cost

Assessment

and

Program

Evaluation(CAPE)todevelopanOperationalEnergySelect&NativeProgramming(OESNaP)

exhibitpriortothesubmissionoftheFY20132017ProgramObjectiveMemorandum. The

SNaPdisplayprovedinvaluableforthetimelycollectionofthedetailedprogramandfunding

dataandwewillrefineitinthecomingmonthstocaptureimprovementssuggestedbythe

Components.

Finally,IformedaCertificationAdvisoryWorkingGroup(CAWG)withrepresentatives

frommyoffice,theOfficeoftheUnderSecretaryofDefense(Comptroller),CAPE,theJoint

Staff,the

Services,

and

Defense

Logistics

Agency.

The

CAWG

spent

asignificant

amount

of

time

reviewingandevaluatingeachcomponentsoperationalenergyeffortsandprovided

recommendationsontheadequacyofresourcingofeachtarget.IconsideredtheCAWGs

recommendationsandmademyassessment,usingastoplightratingchart.AtargetIjudgedto

beadequatelyfundedwasratedasgreen;atargetIjudgedtobemarginallyfundedwasrated

asyellow;andatargetIjudgedtobeinadequatelyfundedwasratedred.


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12

DepartmentoftheArmyOperationalEnergyBudgetCertification

USArmyOperationalEnergyStaff

TheDeputyAssistantSecretaryoftheArmyforEnergyandSustainability(DASA(E&S)),

reportingtotheAssistantSecretaryoftheArmyforInstallations,Energy,andEnvironment(ASA

(IE&E)),is

the

Armys

Senior

Energy

Executive

responsible

for

integrating

and

coordinating

the

effortsofallArmyinstallationandoperationalenergystakeholders. WithintheODASA(E&S),a

Colonel(O6)directsOperationalEnergyactivities,withsupportfromselectedstaffasrequired.

Goingforward,theASA(IE&E)planstoestablishaseniorstaffleddirectoratededicatedto

OperationalEnergyandContingencyBasingthatwillworkdirectlywiththeArmysDirectorof

Logistics(G4)tosupportdevelopmentandexecutionofshortandlongtermenergysolutions

acrossDoctrine,Organization,Training,Materiel,Leadership,Personnel,andFacilities

(DOTMLPF)domains.

TheArmy

G

4devotes

five

personnel

to

operational

energy

efforts

and

anticipates

increasingthestafftonineinthesecondquarterofFY2012. Additionally,theLogistics

InnovationAgency(LIA),theG4FieldOperatingAgency,alsosupportstheArmysoperational

energyeffortswithtwodedicatedpersonnelandvariousexpertsassignedbasedonproject

requirements. AsofDecember2011,LIAhassixpersonnelassignedtooperationalenergy

projects.

VariousotherorganizationswithintheArmyStaff,ArmySecretariat,andmajorArmy

CommandshavepersonneltosupportOperationalEnergyprogramsandinitiatives. Oneofthe

mostsignificant

for

the

long

term

future

of

the

force

is

the

appointment

of

aPhD

level

expert

asthededicatedDirectorforPowerandEnergybytheDeputyAssistantSecretaryoftheArmy

forScienceandTechnology,withresponsibilityformanagingtheArmysscienceand

technologyportfolioofoperationalenergydevelopmentinvestments. Numerousexpertson

operationalenergyrelevantsubjectscanbefoundintheArmyslaboratoriesandacquisition

programs. Tobettercoordinateandmanagethescopeofthesetechnicalefforts,theArmy

MaterielCommands(AMC)Research,DevelopmentandEngineeringCommand(RDECOM)has

appointedaTechnologyFocusTeam(TFT)onPowerandEnergywithtwopersonneldevotedto

theTFT,andparttimeeffortsofmorethantwentyArmysubjectmatterexperts. TheTraining

andDoctrine

Command

develops

energy

related

requirements

and

the

Army

Corps

of

Engineersplaysasignificantroleinfieldingefficientandrenewableenergysolutionsatboth

ContinentalUnitedStates(CONUS)andforwardlocations.


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13

USArmyFY2013OperationalEnergyBudget

TheArmybudgeted$562.4MinFY2013andapproximately$4.2BacrosstheFYDPfor

operationalenergyinitiatives. Thedistributionacrossappropriationsisshownbelow:

RDT&E

PROC

O&M

USArmyOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017

Themajorityofthisfunding,approximately55percentacrosstheFYDP,isinRDT&E

($359.7MFY2013,$2.3BFYDP). Procurementfunding($201.3MFY2013,$1.9BFYDP)and

OperationsandMaintenancefunding($1.4MFY2013,$2.8MFYDP)accountsfortheremaining

45percentofthefundingacrosstheFYDP.

ArmyfundingtrackswiththeDoDOperationalEnergyStrategythreeprincipalgoalsasfollows:




USArmyOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017

TheArmybudgeted$464.0MofFY2013fundingandapproximately$3.7BacrosstheFYDPto

OperationalEnergyDemandReductionInitiatives(StrategicObjective1). FY2013fundingof

55%

45%

89%

11%


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14

$98.5Mand$469.0MacrosstheFYDPwasbudgetedforSupplyExpansionInitiatives(Strategic

Objective2).

MoreFight,LessFuel: ReduceDemandforEnergyinMilitaryOperations.

Target1:MeasureOperationalEnergyConsumption.

TheArmy

budgeted

$4.1M

in

FY

2013

and

approximately

$17.7M

across

the

FYDP

for

initiativestoaddressTarget1:MeasureOperationalEnergyConsumption. Effortsfunded

includetheFuelSystemSupplyPoint(FSSP)AdvancedDevelopmentandTacticalFuelsManager

Defense(TFMD)sustainment.

TheArmybudgeted$2.7MinFY2013andapproximately$14.9MacrosstheFYDPforthe

FSSPAdvancedDevelopmenttodevelopandtestautomatedtankgaugingsolutionsand

associateddevicesthattransmitandstoredata,betteraccountforfuel,andinform

managementdecisionsfromthetacticalthroughstrategiclevelsofwar. TheArmyalso

provided$1.4M

in

both

FY

2013

and

FY

2014

for

TFMD

sustainment.

TFMD

is

an

adaptation

of

thestandardDefenseLogisticsAgencyfuelaccountabilityprogramandArmyhasfieldedTFMD

to36locationsinAfghanistan. Itprovidesanautomatedtoolthatallowsforenterprisewide

visibilityofpetroleumconsumption,stockavailability,andidentificationofpotentialillegal

activitiesatforwardoperatinglocations.TheTFMDpetroleumconsumptiondataprovidedto

OASD(OEPP)hasbeenveryhelpfulinunderstandingfueldistributionandconsumption. The

resultsofTFMDuseinAfghanistanwillinfluenceArmydecisionsonautomatedpetroleum

accountabilityandmanagementforfutureprocurementandprogramming.

Also,the

Army

tracks

mileage,

hours

and

fuel

use

for

tactical

platforms

through

its

standard

logisticsinformationsystems. ThisinformationisaggregatedintheOperatingandSupport

ManagementInformationSystem(OSMIS)relationaldatabaseandavailableforanalysis.

Theseeffortsamounttoanacceptablelevelofinvestmentinthisbudgetsubmission.

However,Ihaveconcernsaboutthequalityandusefulnessofthegroundandrotarywing

fleetsfuelconsumptiondata. Wewillexaminethisissuewithinadataworkinggroupwith

representativesfromOSDandtheServices,andreevaluatethelevelofinvestmentinnext

yearsbudgetcertification.

Target2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsandTraining.

TheArmybudgeted$402.4MinFY2013andapproximately$3.3BacrosstheFYDPfor

initiativestoaddressTarget2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsand

Training. ArmyeffortsalignedtoSupportCurrentOperationswithEnergyImprovementsare

fundedwithOverseasContingencyOperations(OCO)and/orreprogrammedappropriated

fundingandinclude:


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15

U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers(USACE)ElectricalGridProjects. Thesetacticalmicrogridprojectsreplaceinefficientspotgenerators.

USACEPowerDistributionandEnergyProjects. Theseeffortsimproveelectricaldistributionefficienciesandreducefuelcosts.

AdvancedMediumMobilePowerSource(AMMPS).AMMPSgeneratorsreducefueland

maintenance

costs;

the

Army

accelerated

procurement

for

distribution

in

AFG

ReduceHybrid12TransportableWindSolar.Thiseffortdeploysasolarmicrogridtoreducefuelconsumption.

TacticalGarbageToEnergy. ThisWastetoEnergySystemassistswithreducingsolidwastewhileprovidingadditionalpowertothebasecampgrid.

Photovoltaic(Pv)IntegratedSolarShades.Solarshadesreduceairconditioningrequirements,generatelowlevelsofpower,andreducefuelconsumption.

KuwaitEnergyEfficientBaseCampProject. ThisprojectatCampBuehring,Kuwait,includesreplacingselectedtentswithrelocatableenergyefficientstructures,right

sizingthe

HVAC

equipment,

integrating

area

lighting

and

solar

panels

on

the

shelters,

andbalancingtheexistinggridtoreduceenergydemandsforasemienduringtactical

site.

ArmysfundedeffortsalsofallunderTarget2sobjectivetoImprovetheOperationalEnergy

EfficiencyoftheMilitaryDepartments,accountingfor$402.4MinFY2013andapproximately

$3.3BacrosstheFYDP. Theseeffortsincludegeneratorsandmicrogridimprovements,combat

vehicleimprovements,animprovedrotarywingedaircraftengine,AviationSimulatorsGround

SoldierSystems,andnew,moreefficientForceProvidermodulesandassociatedequipment.

PowerSourceandGenerators($60.4MFY2013and$783.8MFYDP).ThegeneratorimprovementsincludedevelopmentandprocurementofAdvancedMediumMobile

PowerSource(AMMPS),LargeAdvancedMobilePowerSource(LAMPS),andSmall

TacticalElectricPower(STEP)generators.

CombatVehicleImprovements($192.4MFY2013and$1.5BFYDP).ThiseffortincludesincreasingthefuelefficiencyoftheAbramsandBradleyfleet. TheAbramsfleetis

incorporatinganAuxiliaryPowerUnit(APU)throughanengineeringchangeproposal.

TheAPUprovidespowertotheAbramssystemsduringoperationalwatchperiodsinlieu

ofusingtheengine. ItisanticipatedtheAPUwillresultinoverallAbramsfleetfuel

savingsofthreepercent. TheBradleyfleetisincorporatinganimprovedtransmission,

whichwillalsoresultinfuelsavings. Inaddition,bothofthesechangeswillimprovethe

powermanagementofthevehicles,increasingcombatcapabilitieswhileproviding

Soldiersanalternativesourceofpowerwhilemounted. Thiswillalsoallowforthe

incorporationofnewcommunications,sensing,andnetworkingcapabilities.

Altogether,theywillextendtheusefullifeofthesevehiclesbydecades.

ImprovedTurbineEngineProgram(ITEP)($8.4MFY2013and$518.6MFYDP). ThiseffortincludesanimprovedenginefortheApacheandBlackhawkhelicopterfleets. Itis


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16

beingdevelopedasareplacementtothecurrentT700engineandisexpectedto

producegreaterpoweralongwitha25percentfuelreduction.TheITEPwillimprove

operationaleffectivenessbygivingcommandersanimprovedaviationfleetwithlonger

loitertime,increasedaltitudelimits,increasedpayload,andlowerfuelandmaintenance

costs.

AviationSimulators($105.4MFY2013and$369.4MFYDP). Thesesimulatorsenablerealistictrainingwhilereducingtrainingcostsandfuelconsumption. TheArmyis

procuringadditionalsimulatorsfortheApache,Blackhawk,andChinookhelicoptersto

reapthesebenefits.

GroundSoldierSystems($25.5MFY2013and$369.4MFYDP). ThisinitiativeincludestheSoldierPowereffort,whichconductsresearchtoimprovebatteryoutput,reduce

weight,andtheabilitytorechargebatteriesfromalternativeenergysources. The

GroundSoldierEnsemble(GSE)projectlinefundsprocurementofimprovedbatteries,

alternativeenergysourcebatterychargingequipment,andmoreefficientbattery

chargers.Support

for

the

GSE

is

akey

component

of

the

Bradley

engineering

change

proposalandwillextendthetacticalrangeofinfantryunitswhilereducingtheirneed

forresupply.

EnergyEfficiencyImprovements($10.2MFY2013and$15.5MFYDP). TheseimprovementsprovideForceProvidertentliners,tentshades,LEDlighting,microgrids,

improvedwaterheaters,improvedrefrigerators,improvedkitchens,andwastewaterre

usesystemstoreducefueluseby50percentandwateruseby75percent.

TheArmyFY2013budgetalsohassignificantfundingforthedevelopmentand

procurement

of

the

Ground

Combat

Vehicle

(GCV)

and

Joint

Light

Tactical

Vehicle

(JLTV).

These

programsareearlyinthedevelopmentprocessandtheArmyhascommittedtoseekingenergy

andfleetefficienciesoverthesystemstheyreplace. IencouragetheArmytoaggressively

pursueenergyefficienciesintheseprogramsand/orefficiencieswithinthecombatunit,e.g.

BrigadeCombatTeam. Iwillbeexpectingtheseeffortstoberobustlyfundedinfuturebudget

submissionsasIhaveconcernsregardingtheimprovementoftheenergyefficiencyofthe

futuregroundtacticalfleet.

TheArmyalsoisactivelyencouragingtheuseofrenewablebatteriesinlieuofnon

rechargeable,disposablebatteries. InFY2012,theArmyexpectstospendmoreon

rechargeablethan

on

non

rechargeable,

disposable

batteries

for

the

first

time.

The

Army

has

achievedthisthrougheducationandinformation,andbymodifyinglogisticssystemstonotify

ItemManagerswhenrequisitionsfornonrechargeable,disposablebatteriesarereceived. Not

onlywillthiseffortreduceoperatingcosts,itwilllessentheweightSoldiersneedtocarryasthe

ArmydeployssystemssuchastheRucksackEnhancedPortablePowerSystem(REPPS). These

systemsallowtherechargingofbatteriesinatacticalenvironmentfromallavailablesources,

increasingtherangeandenduranceofdismountedSoldiers.


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17

Target3:PromoteOperationalEnergyInnovation.

TheArmybudgeted$155.9MinFY2013andapproximately$869.3MacrosstheFYDP

forscienceandtechnologyinitiativesthataddressTarget3:PromoteOperationalEnergy

Innovation. Effortsinthistargetincludedemandreductionandsupplyexpansion.

Fundingfor

demand

reduction

innovation

efforts

is

$83.0M

FY

2013

and

$481.6M

across

theFYDPandisprimarilyfocusedoncomponenttechnologiesandsystemsthatimproveengine

efficiencies. Theseeffortsincludecombatvehicleandautomotivetechnologies,aviation

technologies,DefenseResearchSciences,andotherefforts.

CombatVehicleandAutomotiveTechnologies($49.4MFY2013and$269.1MFYDP).ThiseffortincludesPowerandMobilityTechnologiesforGroundVehicles,FuelCell

AuxiliaryPowerUnit(APU)Development,HybridElectricAdvancedComponentry

SystemsIntegrationLab,PowerManagementTechnologies,HighTempPower

Electronicsand

Hybrid

Electric

Components,

Efficient

Powertrain

Technologies

for

High

PowerOnboardElectricGeneration,andothereffortstoenablelightweight,agile,

deployable,fuelefficient,andsurvivablegroundvehicles.

AviationTechnologies($20.7MFY2013and$110.5MFYDP). TheseinitiativesincludetheFutureAffordableTurbineEngine,FutureAdvancedRotorcraftDriveSystem,Next

GenerationRotorcraftTransmission,HighEfficiencyEngineComponentTechnology,

AdvancedAffordableTurbineEngine(AATE),andotherefforts.

DefenseResearchSciences($9.4MFY2013and$49.0MFYDP).ThisprogramcomprisesbasicresearchprojectsdesignedtoadvancethestateoftheartinPropulsion,Energetics

andFlight;

Vehicle

Propulsion

and

Power;

High

Efficiency

Propulsion;

and

other

research

efforts.

Fundingforsupplyexpansioninnovationeffortsis$73.0MFY2013and$383.2Macrossthe

FYDP. Theseareprimarilytechnologies,componentsandsystemsthatdevelopnewand/or

moreefficientpowersources. Theseeffortscanbebroadlyclassifiedascombatvehicleand

automotivetechnologies,Warfighter(Soldier)technologies,andDefenseResearchSciences,

e.g.basicresearchefforts.

CombatVehicleandAutomotiveTechnologies($15.5MFY2013and$106.8MFYDP).This

initiative

includes

National

Automotive

Center

(NAC)

Alternative

Energy

Program;

HighPowerNonPrimaryPowerforSpinOutTechnologies;HybridElectricComponents

forHighPowerDensity;HighPower,HybridElectricPulsePowerSource;JP8FuelCell

APUSystemandothereffortsforapplicationincombatandtacticalvehicles. TheArmy

alsoaddressestheuseofalternativefuelswithinthiscategoryandbudgeted$3.4Min

FY2013andapproximately$22.1MacrosstheFYDPtoassesstheeffectofusing

emergingalternativefuelsintactical/combatvehicles,tacticalgeneratorsets,andother

deployableassets. Thealternativefuelseffortalsoidentifiesandaddressespotential


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18

changesneededinfuelspecificationstoimplementalternativefuelsintocurrentand

futureArmysystems.

WarfighterTechnologiesandElectronicDevices($35.3MFY2013and$171.9MFYDP).ThiseffortcapturestechnologiesforSoldierandbasecampapplicationstoinclude

PowerSourcesforDismountedSoldiers,MobilePower,EfficientCompactPortable

Power,Micro

system

Power

Components

and

other

efforts.

DefenseResearchSciences($9.7MFY2013and$49.1MFYDP).ThisprogramincludesNovelMaterialsforCompactPower,AdvancedSoldierPowerResearch,andBioInspired

SensingandPower.

MoreOptions,LessRisk: ExpandandSecureEnergySuppliesforMilitaryOperations.

Target5: PromotetheDevelopmentofAlternativeFuels.

TheArmyiscommittedtocontributingtoourNation'senergysecuritybyreducing

dependenceonforeignoilthroughtheuseofadvancedalternativefuelsastheybecome

availablein

the

marketplace.

Armys

efforts

to

support

this

goal

are

discussed

as

part

of

Target

3:PromoteOperationalEnergyInnovation,asthesearefundedinRDT&EBudgetActivities2

and3. TheRDT&Efundingisadequateforthistargetatthistime.

MoreCapability,LessCost: BuildEnergySecurityintotheFutureForce.

Target6:IncorporateEnergySecurityConsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition.

Thistargetisnotnecessarilydrivenbyfunding,butbypolicyandanalyticaltools.

Therefore,theArmysFY2013budgetdoesnotincludespecificfundingtosupportthistarget

giventhat

such

projects

are

most

likely

to

come

from

current

year

unspecified

operational

funds. Nevertheless,theArmyhasongoingeffortssupportingthisinitiative. Atthemacro

level,theArmyhasbegunannualWeaponSystemsReviewswheretheprogrammanagerswill

addresstheoperationalenergyconsiderationsoftheacquisitionprograms. Additionally,the

ArmyG3hasplannedaCapabilityPortfolioReviewofArmyOperationalEnergyprogramsto

ensureinvestmentsarecomplementary,notredundant,andsufficienttoreachenergysecurity

goals. Atthemicrolevel,theArmyhasprogramsandprojectssuchastheSustaintheMission

Project(SMP)andtheEnergyandResetAnalysis. SMPenablesforceandscenariodependent

estimatesofthefullyburdenedcostofenergy(FBCE),water(FBCW),andwaste(FBCWaste

solid,

hazardous

and

medical)

to

provide

energy

informed

decision

making

and

capability

trade

analysis. EnergyandResetAnalysisinitiativesincludetheSprayPolyurethaneFoam(SPF)Tent

InsulationCapabilityBasedAssessment(CBA),ThermoElectricGeneratorCBA,andtactical

batteryconsumption.

Theseeffortsamounttoacceptablelevelsofinvestmentinthisbudgetsubmission.

However,IhaveconcernsaboutwhethertheArmyhasplannedadequatefutureinvestments

forthedevelopmentandimplementationofthetoolsandsystemsrequiredtoincorporate

energysecurityconsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition. Forexample,theArmyhas


19/45


19

notbudgetedforthesustainmentandimprovementofthe"SustaintheMission"modelingand

simulationtool,whichisafoundationaltoolfortheArmytoevaluatefuellogisticsplans. Inthe

past,thishasrequiredapproximately$500Kto$1Mperyeartoprovidebasictraining,support

andcontentdevelopment. Further,theArmyhasnofundingplanstointegratecombatand

logisticscapabilitiesintoacommonmodelingandsimulationtool,forthepurposeofevaluating

theeffect

of

growing

fuel

logistics

demands

on

combat

capability.

The

Army

has

an

unfunded

planfordevelopingthiscapability,underthetitleMethodologyandAnalysisforEnergySecurity

inMilitaryOperations(MAESMO). Thisisavitalcapabilityintheevaluationofmajordefense

acquisitionprograms,andinsettingthresholdandobjectivelevelsofenergydemandas

requiredbythenewlyrevisedJointStaffinstructionontheJointCapabilityIntegrationand

DevelopmentSystem(JCIDS)(CJCSI3170.01HandJCIDSManual).

Target7:AdaptPolicy,Doctrine,PME,andCCMDActivities.

The

Armys

FY

2013

budget

includes

funding

to

support

this

target,

but

it

is

subsumed

withinexistingfundinglines. Thus,itisnotreadilyidentifiableinthebudgetdatabase,andis

likely,arelativelysmallamount. TheArmyisdevelopingprogramsofinstructionforPower

GenerationEquipmentRepairer(MilitaryOccupationalSpecialty91D)andunitlevelpowerand

energymanagementspecialists. TheProgramofInstructionwillensureSoldierscandesign

efficientenergygridsandemployenergysavingequipment. Theinitiativeshoulddecrease

powergenerationexpenditures,improvedelivery,andreducemaintenancecostsattactical

sites. TheArmyalsoisalsoconductingastudyonculturalchangetowardsenergythatwill

developavarietyofrecommendations,concepts,andpotentialactionsinkeyareasthatwill

affectanenduringculturechangetoreduceoperationalenergyuse. ThewaythatSoldiers

thinkaboutanduseenergycanhaveasignificanteffectontheArmy'soverallenergyuse. The

resultingchangesintrainingwillbedesignedtoensureSoldiersmakeenergyaconsiderationall

tacticalandoperationalactivities.


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20

Summary

MyassessmentoftheadequacyofthefundingforimplementingtheDoDOperationalEnergyStrategyisshownbelow:

OperationalEnergyTargets Rating

Target1:MeasureOperational EnergyConsumption. GTarget2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyin OperationsandTraining. GTarget3:PromoteOperational EnergyInnovation. GTarget5: Promotethe DevelopmentofAlternativeFuels. GTarget6:Incorporate EnergySecurityConsiderationsintoRequirementsand Acquisition. YTarget7:AdaptPolicy,Doctrine,PME,and CCMDActivities. G

USArmy

IcertifytheArmysFY2013budgetasbeingadequatefortheimplementationoftheDoD

OperationalEnergyStrategy. Nevertheless,Idohaveconcernsregardingthedevelopmentand

implementationofthetoolsandsystemsrequiredtoincorporateenergysecurity

considerationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition;andtheimprovementoftheenergy

performanceofthefuturegroundtacticalfleet.Theseareasmayrequireadditional

investmentsintheFY2014budgetinordertoachieveacertifiedbudget.


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21

DepartmentoftheNavyOperationalEnergyBudgetCertification

TheDepartmentoftheNavy(DON)budgeted$402.1MinFY2013andapproximately

$2.2BacrosstheFYDPforoperationalenergyinitiatives. Approximately84percentofthis

fundingacrosstheFYDPisforDemandReductionInitiatives(StrategicObjective1)with14

percent

focused

on

Supply

Expansion

initiatives

(Strategic

Objective

2),

and

the

remaining

2

percentbudgetedforBuildEnergySecurityintotheFutureForce(StrategicObjective3).Navy

andMarineCorpsfundingisaddressedseparatelyinthebelowdiscussion.

DepartmentoftheNavyOperationalEnergyStaff

TheAssistantSecretaryoftheNavy(Energy,InstallationsandEnvironment)(ASN(EI&E))

istheNavysseniorenergyofficial. TheASN(EI&E)executesoperationalenergyoversightand

guidancethroughtheDeputyAssistantSecretaryoftheNavyforEnergy(DASN(Energy))who

hasaDirector,OperationalEnergy(GS15),andtwoadditionalstaffmembersfocusedon

operationalenergy

issues.

USNavyOperationalEnergyProgram

USNavyOperationalEnergyStaff

TheNavyofficewithprimaryresponsibilityforoperationalenergyisChiefofNaval

Operations,EnergyandEnvironmentalReadinessDivision,NavyEnergyCoordinationOffice

(OPNAVN45E),whichisledbyaCaptain(O6)withastaffoffive. N45EreportstoN45,aRear

Admiral(O8),whoservesastheNavysSeniorOperationalEnergyOfficialandDirector,Navy

TaskForceEnergy(TFE). N45reportstotheDeputyChiefofNavalOperationsforFleet

ReadinessandLogistics(N4),aViceAdmiral(O9). Approximatelyfifteenindividualsserveas

mainpointsofcontactforTFEWorkingGroups(Aviation,Maritime,Expeditionary,Shore,

Fuels),whicharecochairedbythecorrespondingSystemsCommandsandResourceSponsors.

CombinedwithstaffsupportfortheWorkingGroupcoleads,thetotalnumberofindividuals

regularlyengagingonoperationalenergyissuesNavywideisapproximatelythirty. TheTFE

ExecutiveSteeringCommitteeiscomprisedofflaglevelcochairsoftheWorkingGroups,as

wellasrepresentativesfromtheOfficeofNavalResearch,SystemCommands,andanumberof

otherorganizations,suchastheOPNAVAssessmentDivision(N81),theOPNAVStrategy&

PolicyDivision(N51),andtheFleet.


22/45


22

USNavyFY2013OperationalEnergyBudget

TheNavybudgeted$337.7MinFY2013andapproximately$1.9BacrosstheFYDPfor

operationalenergyinitiatives. Thedistributionacrossappropriationsisshownbelow:

RDT&E

Procurement

O&M

NDSF

US

Navy

Operational

Energy

Funding

FY

2013

2017US

Navy

Operational

Energy

Funding

FY

2013

2017

Themajorityofthisfunding,approximately54percentacrosstheFYDP,isinRDT&E

($222.2MFY2013,$1.0BFYDP). Procurementfunding($85.6MFY2013,$655.2MFYDP)

accountsfor34percentofthefundingacrosstheFYDPwhileO&M($6.2MFY2013,$107.4M

FYDP)andtheNationalDefenseSealiftFund($23.7MFY2013,$107.6MFYDP)accountfor

approximately6percent

each.

TheNavyfundingdistributedacrosstheDoDOperationalEnergyStrategythreeprincipal

objectivesisshownbelow:




USNavyOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017USNavyOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017

54%34%

6%6%

83%

17%


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23

TheNavybudgeted$289.1MofFY2013fundingandapproximately$1.6BacrosstheFYDPto

OperationalEnergyDemandReductionInitiatives. FY2013fundingof$48.4Mand$321.8M

acrosstheFYDPwasbudgetedforSupplyExpansionInitiatives.

MoreFight,LessFuel: ReduceDemandforEnergyinMilitaryOperations.


TheNavybudgeted$20.9MFY2013andapproximately$108.4MacrosstheFYDPfor

initiativestoaddressTarget1:MeasureOperationalEnergyConsumption. Effortsfunded

includetheIntegratedConditionAssessmentSystem(ICAS),theFleetReadinessR&DProgram,

NavyEnergyUtilizationReportingService(NEURS)Plus,andotherprograms.

TheIntegratedConditionAssessmentSystem(ICAS)($3.4MFY2013and$10.5MFYDP)

enablesreviewofhull,mechanical,andelectricaldataashore.Itconsistsofsoftware,portable

dataterminals,andworkstations.ICASwillinterfacewiththeEnergyDashboardunder

developmentby

the

Fleet

Readiness

R&D

Program.

The

Fleet

Readiness

R&D

Program

(FRR&DP)($8.8MFY2013and$59.6MFYDP)focusesontechnologiesthatcanbequickly

transitionedtoincreaseenergyefficiencyandreducemaintenancecosts. Thiseffortincludes

theEnergyDashboard,SmartVoyagePlanningDecisionAid,andT&Eofvariousinitiatives.The

EnergyDashboardisashipwidemonitoringsystemthatconveysthepowerusageofnumerous

systemswhileunderwayandinport.SVPDAissoftwareforNavalMaritimeForecastCenters

thatuseslocalweather,current,hullform,andpropulsiondatatoplanfuelefficientvoyage

routes. TheNavyEnergyUtilizationReportingService(NEURS)Plus($250KFY2013and$1.3M

FYDP)isanupdatedversionoftheNEURSthatwillincludeshorepowerdataandimprove

accuracy,accountability,

and

ease

of

reporting.

Target2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsandTraining.

TheNavybudgeted$169.6MFY2013andapproximately$1.1BacrosstheFYDPforinitiativesto

addressTarget2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsandTraining.

EffortsalignedtoSupportCurrentOperationswithEnergyImprovementsaccountfor$72.3Min

FY2013andincludeImprovedEnvironmentalControlUnit(ECU),IntegratedGeneratorand

ECU,andSimulatorUpgradesalongwiththeShipboardIncentivizedEnergyConservation

Program,AirEnergyConservationProgramandotherprograms. Idohavequestionsabouthow

theseinvestments

align

with

similar

programs

and

projects

in

other

services.

Iwill

task

the

CAWGtoexaminetheseissuescloselyaspartoftheFY2014OperationalEnergyBudget

Certificationprocessanddeveloprecommendationstostreamlineandstrengthenoperational

energyinvestments.

EnvironmentalControlUnit($2.0MFY2013and$11.1MFYDP).ThisimprovedprogramreplacesECUswithmoreenergyefficientunitsthatincorporatevariablespeedfan

drivesandmultifrequencydrivecomponents.


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24

IntegratedTrailerECUGenerator(ITEG)($1.0MFY2013and$4.2MFYDP).Thisinitiativeisanintegrated,HMMWVtowableunitthatsupportshighlymobilecommand

andcontrolsystemsandotherforwarddeployedoperationscentersandactivities,and

providesgreaterperformancewithlowerenergyrequirementsthanexistingunits.

SimulatorUpgrades($64.0MFY2013and$331.2MFYDP). Themajorityofthefundingfor

this

target

is

focused

on

simulator

upgrades.

The

Navy

Aviation

Simulator

Master

Plan(NASMP)identifiedcapability(fidelity)andcapacityupgradesrequiredtomaximize

trainingandreadiness(T&R)simulationforF/A18A/C,F/A18E/F,EA18G,MH60R/S,

andE2Caircraftgivenfiscal,technological,andminimumflighttimelimitations. The

NASMPimprovementsinsimulatorcapabilityandcapacitywillpermitFleetsquadrons

toaccomplishagreaterdegreeofT&Rinthesimulatorviceintheaircraft,resultingin

reductionofFlyingHourProgram(FHP)requirementswithassociatedfuelsavings.

TheongoingShipboardIncentivizedEnergyConservationProgram(iENCON)($500KFY2013

and

$2.9M

FYDP)

provides

ships

with

operational

techniques

to

reduce

fuel

consumption.

NavalSeaSystemsCommandprovidesshipswiththenecessarytraining,tools,andguidance

thathelptoreducethecostoftraining/operating(e.g.,fuelefficiency),forimprovedfleet

readiness. TheiENCONbestpracticescanimprovefuelefficiencyupto30percentdepending

onmissionrequirements.Additionally,CommandersofUnitedStatesFleetForcesandPacific

FleethaveidentifiedtheneedtoassisttheFleetinenergyconservationinitiativesthroughthe

resourcingofFleetEnergyManagersintheirrespectiveconcentrationareas. FleetEnergy

Managersareprovidingshipswiththeeducationandawarenessneededtosupportenergy

initiativesinportandunderway. Advancedmetering,integratedwithdigitalcontrolsand

supervisory

control

and

data

acquisition

will

also

aid

operational

forces

when

in

port

to

monitor

utilityusageandmodifybehaviortoincreaseefficiencyanddecreaseconsumption. Thenewly

establishedAirEnergyConservationProgram($1.6MFY2013and$12.5MFYDP)seeksto

identify,validate,disseminate,andincentivizeenergyconservationbestpracticeswithinthe

navalaviationcommunity. Targetsincludeculture,fueling,missionplanning,andmaintenance.

NavysfundedeffortsimpactingImprovetheOperationalEnergyEfficiencyoftheMilitary

Departmentsaccountfor$91.3MinFY2013andincludeHybridElectricDriveDevelopmentand

Implementation,EnergyStorageandOtherR&D,AviationEnergyConservationRDTEfocused

onF35efficiencies,LM2500EfficiencyImplementation,PropellerCoatings,andotherefforts.

HybridElectricDriveDevelopmentandImplementation($16.4MFY2013and$238.3MFYDP). Thisprogramprovidesforanelectricmotorattachedtothemainreductiongear

ofDDG51classshipstoprovideanelectricpropulsionmoderesultinginimprovedfuel

economy.

EnergyStorageandOtherR&D($21.4MFY2013and$63.2MFYDP)andtheAdvancedPowerGenerationModule($7.0MFY2013and$41.1MFYDP).Thesetwosignificant

effortsoftheelectricshipsofficeefficiencyprogramstransitionstechnologiesfrom

ONR,industry,andfederalpartnersfromS&TtomoreadvancedRDT&Etoprovide


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25

smaller,simpler,moreaffordable,andmorecapablepowersystems. TheAdvanced

PowerGenerationModuleisdevelopinganadvancedgasturbinewithahighspeed

generatortoprovidebetterfuelefficiency,meetrequirementsforadvancedsensors

andfutureweapons,reduceweight,andlowerlifecyclecosts.

AviationEnergyConservationRDTE($17.7MFY2013and$142.2MFYDP). Thisinitiative

focused

on

F35

efficiencies,

including

F35

Engine

Efficiency,

F35

Air

Vehicle

Efficiency,NewOpportunityStudies,andotherefforts.

o F35EngineEfficiency($13.8MFY2013and$71.3MFYDP). ThiseffortseekstooptimizethefuelefficiencyoftheF35enginewithvarioustechnologies,

includingAdvancedTechnologyHighPerformanceController(HPC),Optimized

TurbineCooling,AdvancedTechnologyHPT,TurbineClearanceControl,andFuel

BurnOptimizedControlMode.ThesetechnologieswillbeforwardfitinF35

Block5(2020)andbeyond.

o F35AirVehicleEfficiency($402KFY2013and$39.2MFYDP). Thisprojecteffortseeks

to

optimize

the

fuel

efficiency

of

the

F35

air

vehicle

with

attention

to

the

PowerThermalManagementSystem(PTMS)PreFlightOperationalMode,GPS

ApproachCapability,ConventionalTakeoff&Landing/CarrierVariant(CTOL/CV)

NozzleOptimization,andSubsystemStandbyModes.Thesetechnologieswillbe

forwardfitinF35Block5(2020)andbeyond.

o NewOpportunityStudies($2.6MFY2013and$30.6MFYDP). Thiseffortidentifies,evaluates,validatesandadvocatesforimplementationofenergy

savingsinitiativesforlegacyaircraftbyengagingtechnicalexpertsfromacross

navalaviation,otherservices,alliesindustry,andacademia.

LM2500EfficiencyImplementation($0.0MFY2013and$32.2MFYDP). ThisprogrambeginsinFY2015andwillmodifytheenginecontroller;reduceleakpathsinthe

LM2500compressor;reduceflowlossesintheairintakeandexhaustducts;improvehot

section;improvedepotrepairstandards;investigateenergyrecoverystrategiesand

automategasturbineonlinewaterwash.

PropellerCoatings($500KFY2013and$2.2MFYDP). Thisisanongoingprogramtodeployaneasyreleasepropellercoatingsystemwhichallowsamphibiousshipswith

longpiersideperiodstoshedpropellerbiofoulingonceunderway.Thistechnologyis

currentlyachievingfuelsavingsforMilitarySealiftCommand(MSC)shipsandthe

commercialshipping

industry.


TheNavybudgeted$135.9MinFY2013andapproximately$561.5MacrosstheFYDPfor

initiativestoaddressTarget3:PromoteOperationalEnergyInnovation. Effortsinthistarget

includedemandreductionandsupplyexpansion.

Fundingfordemandreductioninnovationeffortsis$98.6MFY2013and$376.9Macrossthe

FYDP. ThesekeyeffortsincludeNavalVariableCycleEngineTechnology,ElectricShipResearch


26/45


26

&DevelopmentConsortium,ShipHydrodynamics,andtheTurbineEngineTechnology

Demonstration.

NavalVariableCycleEngineTechnology($24.2MFY2013and$104.4MFYDP). Theseeffortsidentifyandmaturecritical,relevantvariable/adaptivecyclesystemtechnologies

for

the

next

generation

carrier

based

aircraft

that

combine

high

performance

with

fuel

efficiency.Currenthighperformancemilitaryaircraftenginesarefundamentallyless

fuelefficientthancommercialaircraftengines.

ElectricShipResearch&DevelopmentConsortium($10.5MFY2013and$54.6MFYDP).Thisinitiativeisaconsortiumofvirtuallylinkedacademicinstitutionswithhardwarein

theloopcapabilitycoupledwithphysicsbasedmodelsforsystemdesign,testing,and

validation.Maximizingshipboardenergyefficiencyandsupportingfutureweapons

systemsrequirenewpowerdistributionconcepts.

ShipHydrodynamics($8.8MFY2013and$47.5MFYDP). Theseeffortsprovidedesigntools

for

high

performance,

efficient,

low

signature

hull

forms

and

propulsors

and

optimizeintegrationofthehullpropulsorasasystem. Theseeffortswillimprovethe

Navysunderstandingofthegoverningphysics,processes,predictionandcontrolofship

andsubmarinemotion.

TurbineEngineTechnologyDemonstration($9.6MFY2013and$13.6MFYDP). Theseprojectsdesignanddevelopadvancedcomponentsandmodelsusingthetechnologies

developedunderTurbineEngineMaterialsResearch.Theadvancedcomponentsare

integratedintoadvanceddemonstratorenginesandvalidatedthroughtesting. Existing

turbineenginesareinefficientandexpensivetobuildandmaintain.Advancedmaterials

contribute

to

higher

engine

efficiency,

production

cost

avoidance,

and

maintenance

cost

reduction.

Fundingforsupplyexpansioninnovationeffortsis$37.3MFY2013and$184.6Macrossthe

FYDP. TheseeffortsincludeUnmannedUnderseaVehicle(UUV)initiatives,EnergyEfficiency&

AlternativeEnergyTechnologies,PowerandEnergyMaterialsResearch,andotherefforts.

UUVinitiatives($10.6MFY2013and$49.8MFYDP). ThisprogramincludestheUUVPowerandEnergy,UUVPowerSystems,andLongDurationUUVprograms,which

develophighendurancepowerandairindependentpropulsionforUUVs.Twoofthe

biggestchallenges

associated

with

UUVs

are

power

and

propulsion.

These

programs

aim

toincreaseenduranceandoptimizeelectricmotordesigntoincreaseefficiencyand

reduceweight,volume,andsignature.

EnergyEfficiency&AlternativeEnergyTechnologies($7.7MFY2013and$41.3MFYDP).TheseinitiativesincludeeffortsforAlternativeFuels,Photovoltaics,andBiofuel.

PowerandEnergyMaterialsResearch($10.3MFY2013and$55.8MFYDP).ThiseffortincludesElectrochemicalMaterialsS&T,FunctionalPolymericMaterials,Nanostructured

InorganicMaterials,ChemicalDynamics,andNavalFutureFuels.


27/45


27



TheNavybudgeted$11.1MinFY2013andapproximately$137.3MacrosstheFYDPtopromote

thedevelopmentanduseofalternativefuels. NavywilldemonstrateaGreenStrikeGroupin

2012,

sail

it

as

the

"Great

Green

Fleet"

in

2016,

and

has

budgeted

$70M

in

the

FYDP

for

the

procurementofalternativefuelsforthesedemonstrations. Navyalsohasbudgeted$11.1Min

FY2013and$67.2MacrosstheFYDPfortheAlternativeFuelsProgram. ThisistheNavy'sonly

investmenttoapproveaircraftandshippropulsionfuelsproducedfromnonpetroleumsources

foruseinNavysystems. Theprogramcapturestechnicaldatathroughtheexecutionof

laboratory,component,engine,fuelsystem,andweaponsystemtests,evaluatingtheeffectsof

changesinfuelchemistryandpropertiesontheperformanceandreliabilityofNavalship,

aircraft,andfueldistributionsystems. NavyleadershiphasstatedtheNavyistakingthese

stepsinordertobecapableofpurchasingalternativefuelswhensuchfuelsareavailableat

market

prices.


Target6:IncorporateEnergySecurityConsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition.

TheNavysbudgetdoesnotreflectfundingtosupportthistarget. Nevertheless,theNavyhas

takensomeverysignificantactioninthisarea. Inparticular,theAssistantSecretaryoftheNavy

(Research,DevelopmentandAcquisition)releasedamemoinJune2011mandatingenergy

considerationsinacquisition. Thememoprovidesspecificguidanceregarding:

MandatoryCalculationofFullyBurdenedCostofEnergy EstablishmentofanEnergyComponentoftheAffordabilityTarget EnergyConsiderationsinAcquisitionPlans EnergyConsiderationsintheGateReviewProcess EnergyReviewofLegacySystems

Inresponsetothispolicydirection,OPNAVN45isleadinganOperationalEnergyinAcquisition

Team(ENACQT)toprovideacomprehensiveNavyapproachtointegratingoperationalenergy

considerationsintothefullrangeofplanningandforcedevelopmentactivities. Currently,EN

ACQTisreviewingenergyefficiencyconsiderationsinJCIDSdocuments,tobefollowedbya

reviewof

the

Materiel

Solution

Analysis

phase.

In

addition,

OPNAV

N45

is

collaborating

with

individualprograms,suchastheOhioclasssubmarinereplacementprogram,LSD(X),Airand

MissileDefenseRadar(AMDR),andJointLightTacticalVehicle(JLTV)toensureenergy

considerationsareaddressed. UpcomingeffortsareexpectedtoincludeTAO(X),TATS(X),and

UCLASS. AsENACQTandothergroupsdefineconceptsanddatarequiredtoimplement

ASN(RDA)guidance,theNavywilldetermineresourcesneededtosupportnewanalyticaltools.


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28

Theseeffortsamounttoanacceptablelevelofeffortandinvestmentinthisbudgetsubmission.

However,IhaveconcernsastowhethertheNavyhasplannedadequatefutureinvestmentsfor

thedevelopmentandimplementationofthetoolsandsystemsrequiredtoincorporateenergy

securityconsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition. TheNavyhasnofundingplansto

developthemodelingandsimulationtoolstoenableDepartmentoftheNavyforceplannersto

simulateand

assess

the

combat

capability

effects

of

enemy

attacks

on

U.S.

logistics

forces.

WhileweunderstandtheSTORMM&StooltheNavyhasadoptedhassomeinnatecapabilityto

performsuchsimulations,therearenofundingplanstovetthecapabilityortoemployitto

informrequirementsdevelopment,acquisitionprogramperformancecriteriaorfullyburdened

costofenergyestimates. Thisisavitalcapabilityintheevaluationofmajordefenseacquisition

programs,andinsettingthresholdandobjectivelevelsofenergydemandasrequiredbythe

newlyrevisedJointStaffinstructionontheJointCapabilityIntegrationandDevelopment

System(JCIDS)(CJCSI3170.01HandJCIDSManual).

Target7:

Adapt

Policy,

Doctrine,

PME,

and

CCMD

Activities.

TheNavysFY2013budgetincludesfundingtosupportthistarget,butitissubsumedwithin

existingfundinglines.Thus,itisnotreadilyidentifiableinthebudgetdatabase,andislikelyto

bearelativelysmallamount.Nevertheless,theNavyhasdevelopedamastersprogramin

energywithtracksintechnologyandpolicy,aswellasanexecutiveseminarforsenior

executivesandFleetleadersattheNavalPostgraduateSchool. Additionally,theNavy

continuestoadaptpoliciesinsupportofenergyefficiency. Forexample,theFleetshave

establishedaFleetExcellenceAwardrecognizingshipsthatconsistentlymeetestablishedgoals

forreducingfuelconsumptionandexecutingenergysavinginitiatives.


29/45


29

Summary



Target1:MeasureOperational EnergyConsumption. GTarget2:Improve EnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyin OperationsandTraining. GTarget3:PromoteOperational EnergyInnovation. GTarget5: Promotethe DevelopmentofAlternativeFuels. G

Target6:IncorporateEnergySecurityConsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition. YTarget7:AdaptPolicy,Doctrine,PME,andCCMDActivities. G

USNavy

IcertifytheNavysFY2013budgetasbeingadequatefortheimplementationoftheDoD

OperationalEnergyStrategy. Nevertheless,Idohaveconcernsregardingthedevelopmentandimplementationofthetoolsandsystemsrequiredtoincorporateenergysecurity

considerationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition. Thisareamayrequireadditional

investmentsintheFY2014budgetinordertoachieveacertifiedbudget.


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30

USMCOperationalEnergyProgram

USMCOperationalEnergyStaff

TheUSMCofficewithprimaryresponsibilityforoperationalenergyistheExpeditionary

EnergyOffice(E2O). DesignatedbytheSecretaryoftheNavyastheSeniorUSMCOfficialfor

operationalenergy

in

accordance

with

the

National

Defense

Authorization

Act

for

FY2009,

E2O

isaDirectorlevelofficewithinHQSMarineCorps,reportingtotheAssistantCommandantof

theMarineCorps(ACMC). TheDirector,E2O,aColonel(O6),hasastaffoffivepersonnelto

includeaGS15DeputyDirector,andthreeMarines.

InadditiontoE2O,theUSMCEnergyStrategyandImplementationPlanningGuidancetasks

keyprocessownersacrosstheMarineCorpstosupporttheUSMCexpeditionaryenergy

strategytoinclude:

Director,EnergyandCounterIEDSystemsDivision,SIATMarineCorpsSystemsCommand(MARCORSYSCOM),isleadforenergymattersinacquisition.

LogisticsIntegrationDivision,withintheDeputyCommandantforCombatDevelopmentandIntegration(DCCD&I),isdesignatedleadtocoordinatesupportforcombat

developmentandrequirements. DC/CD&Ialsoleadstraininganddoctrine

development.

OfficeofNavalResearchsupportsUSMCscienceandtechnologyrequirementsandtheViceChiefofNavalResearchistheCommanderoftheMarineCorpsWarfightingLab.

MarineCorpsWarfightingLab(MCWL)chairstheExperimentalForwardOperatingBase(ExFOB)ExecutiveIntegratedProcessTeam.

USMCFY

2013

Operational

Energy

Budget

TheUSMCbudgeted$64.4MinFY2013and$352.1MacrosstheFYDPforoperational

energyinitiatives. Thedistributionacrossappropriationsisshownbelow:

O&M

Procurement

RDT&E

USMCOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017

58%

21%21%


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31

Themajorityofthisfunding,approximately58percentacrosstheFYDP,isinProcurement

($31.0MFY2013,$204.6MFYDP). Operation&Maintenancefunding($14.1MFY2013,$74.5M

FYDP)accountsfor21percentofthefundingwhileRDT&E($19.4MFY2013,$73.0MFYDP)

accountsfortheremaining21percentacrosstheFYDP. TheUSMCfundingdistributedacross

theDoDOperationalEnergyStrategythreeprincipalobjectivesisshownbelow:

TheUSMCbudgeted$57.4MofFY2013fundingand$315.6MacrosstheFYDPtoOperational

EnergyDemandReductionInitiatives. FY2013fundingof$7.0Mand$36.6MacrosstheFYDP

wasbudgetedforPlanningforStrategicEnergyUseinitiatives.

More

Fight,

Less

Fuel:

Reduce

Demand

for

Energy

in

Military

Operations.


MarineCorpsinvestmentsinthistargetarea,aswithothertargets,arefundedwithin

theE2Obudget,butarerecognizedunderTarget6IncorporateEnergySecurity

ConsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition.TheE2Ohasestablishedaninitial

OperationalEnergyConsumptionBaselinefortheUSMC,continuestocollectconsumption

data,andhasdevelopedtoolstobuilduponthebaseline. Theinitialbaselinewasderivedfrom

theactualEquipmentDensityList(EDL)andfuelconsumptiondatafromtheIMEF(FWD)

deploymenttotheAfghanistantheaterofoperationsin2010.TheUSMCtrackstacticalfuel

deliverydata

to

the

Forward

Operating

Base

(FOB)

level

via

the

Marine

Expeditionary

Force

(MEF)BulkPetroleumContingencyReport. InearlyFY2012,theExperimentalForward

OperatingBase(ExFOB)completedacomprehensivedatacollection/analysisofPBBoldak,in

AFG. TheE2OhasdevelopedtheMarineAirGroundTaskForce(MAGTF)PowerandEnergy

Model(MPEM)tobuildupontheOperationalEnergyConsumptionBaseline. TheMPEMisused

tomodeltheuseofequipment,andtheimpactofinvestmentsontheMAGTFenergy

performance. Also,theUSMChaspublishedformalMarineCorpsRequirementsforoperational

energymanagement,meteringandmonitoring. TheExpeditionaryEnergyWaterandWaste

DemandReduction

Initiatives

SupplyExpansion

Initiatives

PlanningforStrategic

EnergyUse

USMCOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017

90%

10%


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32

CBA/ICDidentifiesfive"Tasks"requiringmeteringcapability. Fivepriority "gapscallforthe

capabilitytomeasure,meterandmonitor;italsoidentifiesbothmaterielandnonmateriel

solutions. TheserequirementsprovidetheessentialjustificationthattheMarineCorpsusesto

identifyanddevelopcapabilities,andthenfundprogramstoclosethegaps.

Target2:

Improve

Energy

Performance

and

Efficiency

in

Operations

and

Training.

TheUSMCbudgeted$52.0MinFY2013andapproximately$288.3MacrosstheFYDPfor

initiativestoaddressTarget2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsand

Training. FY2013effortsalignedtoSupportCurrentOperationswithEnergyImprovements

total$26.7MwhileeffortstoImprovetheOperationalEnergyEfficiencyoftheMilitary

Departmentsaccountfor$25.3M.

ThemajorityoftheUSMCsFY2013fundingtoSupportCurrentOperationswithEnergy

ImprovementsisfocusedonAdvancedPowerSources($16.7MFY2013and$86.3MFYDP),

whichprovides

the

development,

procurement,

and

sustainment

of

programs

such

as

the

Solar

PortableAlternativeCommunicationsEnergySystem(SPACES),GroundRenewable

ExpeditionaryEnergySystem(GREENS),onboardpowermanagement,andradiopower

adapters. Whiletheseprogramsaredeployingnow,theyarealsopartoftheUSMCequipment

baseline,andaredesignedtosupportthefutureforce. Othereffortsinclude:

FamilyofSheltersandShelterEquipment($8.0MFY2013and$39.3MFYDP).Theseinitiativesseektodecreaseshelterweightandincreaseinsulation,replacecurrent

fluorescentshelterlightswithenergyefficientlights,anddecreasefuelconsumptionby

usingenergy

efficient

heating

systems.

FamilyofExpeditionaryWaterSystems($2.0MFY2013and$11.3MFYDP).Thisprogramdeploystechnologyupgradestoincreasepotablewateroutputwhilereducing

systemenergydemandsinordertoprovideexpeditionarypointofproductionwaterat

midtosmallforwardoperatingbases. Thisreducesresupplyefforts.

USMCsfundingtoImprovetheOperationalEnergyEfficiencyoftheMilitaryDepartments

($25.3MFY2013and$151.4MFYDP)includesMobilePowerEquipment,MediumTactical

VehicleReplacement(MTVR),EnvironmentalControlEquipment,andFamilyofFieldMedical

Equipment.Idohavequestionsabouthowtheseinvestmentsalignwithsimilarprogramsand

projectsin

other

services.

Again,

in

the

FY

2014

Operational

Energy

Budget

Certification

processIwilltasktheCAWGtoexamineinvestmentsinthisareaacrossthetotalforceand

developrecommendationstostreamlineandstrengthenoperationalenergyinvestments.

ThemajorityoftheUSMCsFY2013fundingtoImprovetheOperationalEnergyEfficiencyof

theMilitaryDepartmentsisfocusedontheFamilyofMobileElectricPowerEquipment($13.9

FY2013and$45.9MFYDP)whichconsistsofskidandtrailermountedtacticalgenerators.

Fundsareincludedforthedevelopment,procurement,andoperationandmaintenanceof


33/45


33

stateoftheartequipmentthatismoreenergyefficient,highlyreliable,andoperationally

suitableforthehighlyexpeditionarynatureofUSMCoperations.

Othersignificanteffortsinthisareainclude:

EnvironmentalControlEquipment($7.2MFY2013and$62.7MFYDP). Effortsincludeenvironmental

control

units

(ECUs)

which

demonstrateuptoa17percentfuelefficiency

improvementoverexistingECUs.

MediumTacticalVehicleReplacement(MTVR)($1.5MFY2013and$38.3MFYDP).USMCeffortsontheMTVRincludedevelopinganddemonstratingafuelefficiency

improvementof15percentovertheexistingMTVRwhilemaintainingaffordability,

mobility,andsurvivability.USMChasalsofundedtheprocurementofprototypesofthe

OnBoardVehiclePowersourcestoenablefuelreductionsduringperiodswhen

operationalrequirementsdemandextendedidletimes.

FamilyofFieldMedicalEquipment($2.7MFY2013and$4.5MFYDP).USMCeffortsinclude

procurement

of

LED

surgical

lighting

and

other

energy

efficient

medical

equipment,energyefficientmedical/surgicalsterilizersystem,energyefficientdigitalx

raysystems,andLEDdentallights.


TheUSMCleveragestheinnovationeffortsandinvestmentsofboththeNavyandArmy

alongwithbudgeting$5.5MinFY2013andapproximately$27.3MacrosstheFYDPfor

operationalenergyinnovationinitiatives.Effortsinthistargetinclude:

FuelEfficiencyandPortableElectricEnergyAdvancedTechnologyDemonstrations($3.8MFY2013and$20.2MFYDP).Effortsincludehybridizationandmicrogridconcepts

forsmall(3kWto10kW)powersources;alternativeJP8andwastetoelectric

conversiontechnologies;energyefficientelectronicdevices(radios);andadvanced

vehicletransmission,powerandpropulsiontechnology,includinghybridization.

PortableElectricEnergyandWaterPurification($1.4MFY2013and$6.9MFYDP).Researcheffortsincludemetalairbatteries,JP8fuelcellcatalysis,electrochemical

ultracapacitors,wearablepowerdistribution,andkineticandsolarenergyharvesting.

Researchisalsoconductedinenergyefficientsmallunitwaterpurificationtechnologies

(filtration,desalination,

sanitation)

and

vehicle

fuel

alternatives,

vehicle

propulsion,

and

vehiclebatterytechnologies.

FootMobileCharger(FMC)/SquadElectricPowerNetwork(SEPN)($250KFY2013and$250KFYDP).FMCseekstodevelopalightweight,Marineportablesystemcapableof

acceptingavarietyofenergyinputsthatcancharge/powerelectricaldeviceswornor

employedbyaMarinetoincludecommonbatterytypessuchastheBB2590,AA,and

CR123,allwhileonthemove.


34/45


34



TheUSMCdeferstotheNavyastheleadforthiseffort.


Target6:

Incorporate

Energy

Security

Considerations

into

Requirements

and

Acquisition.

USMCeffortstosupportthistargetincludetheExpeditionaryEnergyOffice(E2O)and

theExperimentalForwardOperatingBase(ExFOB). Thebudgetfortheseprogramsis$7.0Min

FY2013and$36.6MacrosstheFYDP. E2OistheUSMCSeniorOfficialforOperationalEnergy

andistaskedbytheCommandant,MarineCorpstoanalyze,develop,anddirecttheMarine

Corps'energystrategyinordertooptimizeexpeditionarycapabilitiesacrossallwarfighting

functions. TheExFOBisasemiannualprocesstoevaluatetechnologiestosupportMarine

CorpsExpeditionaryEnergyStrategygoalsofincreasedcombateffectivenessandreduced

dependenceon

liquid

logistics

on

the

battlefield.

Inadditiontotheseprograms,theUSMChaspublisheditsExpeditionaryEnergy

StrategyandImplementationPlan;ExpeditionaryEnergy,Water,andWaste(E2W2)Capability

BasedAssessment(CBA)InitialCapabilitiesDocument(ICD);anditsS&TStrategicPlan,which

enabletheincorporationofenergysecurityconsiderationsintorequirementsandacquisitions.

Target7:AdaptPolicy,Doctrine,PME,andCCMDActivities.

Marine

Corps

investments

in

this

target

area

are

funded

in

the

E2O

office

budget.

The

E2Odevelopsandpromulgatesoperationalenergypolicyandassistsinthedevelopmentof

Doctrine,Organization,Training,Materiel,LeadershipandEducation,PersonnelandFacilities

(DOTMLPF)solutionstosupportitsstrategy. TheCorpshasalsoestablishedanEnergy

Efficiency(E2)CellattheMarineCorpsEngineeringSchoolinFY2011andisconducting

DoctrineandTraining&ReadinessManualreviews. TheUSMCisintegratingoperational

energyintotheCommandersCourseandExpeditionaryWarfareSchool,forexample,andwill

participateintheNavalPostgraduateSchools(NPS)newlyestablishedenergyMasters

program. TheyexpecttograduatethreeMarinesinFYs2012and2013.


35/45


35

Summary



Target1:MeasureOperationalEnergyConsumption. GTarget2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceand Efficiency in OperationsandTraining. GTarget3:PromoteOperationalEnergyInnovation. GTarget5: Promotethe DevelopmentofAlternativeFuels.

N/ATarget6:Incorporate EnergySecurityConsiderationsintoRequirementsandAcquisition. GTarget7:AdaptPolicy,Doctrine,PME,andCCMDActivities. G

USMarineCorps

IcertifythattheMarineCorpsFY2013budgetisadequatefortheimplementationoftheDoD

OperationalEnergyStrategy.


36/45


36

DepartmentoftheAirForceOperationalEnergyBudgetCertification

USAirForceOperationalEnergyStaff

TheUnderSecretaryoftheAirForceservesastheSeniorEnergyOfficialandisthe

SeniorOperationalEnergyOfficialoftheAirForce. TheAssistantSecretaryoftheAirForcefor

Installations,Environment,

and

Logistics

(SAF/IE)

is

responsible

for

supporting

the

Senior

Energy

Officialandoverseeingtheenergyprogramdevelopmentandimplementation. TheDeputy

AssistantSecretaryofAirForceforEnergy(SAF/IEN)providesguidance,direction,andoversight

ofAirForcemattersrelatedtoenergyandexecutesthedaytodayguidanceoftheAirForces

SeniorEnergyOfficial. TheDeputyAssistantSecretaryofAirForceforEnergyisanSESandhas

astaffofeightpersonnel,oneofwhichisfocusedonOperationalEnergy. Additionalstaff

membersareappliedtotheoperationalenergyeffortsasrequired. TheChiefofStaffoftheAir

ForcedesignatedtheDeputyChiefoftheAirForceforOperations,PlansandRequirements

(A3/5)ashisleadonoperationalenergy. TheA3/5hasnostafffocusedonoperationalenergy

issues.

AirForceregulationsdirectthecreationofagovernancestructureattheDepartment,

MajorCommand,DirectReportingUnit,andInstallationlevelstomanageenergy. The

structureprovidescrossfunctionalconstructstoestablishdirectionfromthestrategicto

tacticallevel,aswellasresolveissuesimpactingmorethanoneorganizationorfunctionalarea.

AttheDepartmentoftheAirForcelevel,theUnderSecretaryoftheAirForceandtheVice

ChiefofStaffoftheAirForcecochairtheAirForceEnergyCouncil. Thiscouncilissupportedby

fivesteeringgroupsandaColonel'sActionGroup.

USAirForceFY2013OperationalEnergyBudget

TheAirForcebudgeted$573.5MinFY2013andapproximately$2.4BacrosstheFYDP

foroperationalenergyinitiatives.Thedistributionacrossappropriationsisshownbelow:

RDT&E

PROC

O&M

USAirForceOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017

52%

20%

28%


37/45


37

Themajorityofthisfunding,approximately52percentacrosstheFYDP,isinRDT&E($344.4M

FY2013,$1.3BFYDP).Procurement($95.9MFY2013,$674.3MFYDP)accountsfor28percent

ofthefundingthroughtheFYDPwhileO&M($133.2MFY2013,$482.9MFYDP)accountsfor

theremaining20percentofthefundingacrosstheFYDP.TheAirForcefundingdistributed

acrossthe

DoD

Operational

Energy

Strategy

three

principal

objectives

is

shown

below:




USAirForceOperationalEnergyFundingFY2013 2017

TheAirForcebudgeted$536.7MFY2013andapproximately$2.2BacrosstheFYDPfor

OperationalEnergyDemandReductionInitiatives.FY2013fundingof$33.0Mand$157.1M

acrosstheFYDPwasbudgetedtoSupplyExpansionInitiatives.Theremainingfundingof$3.8M

inFY

2013

and

$13.7M

across

the

FYDP

was

budgeted

for

Planning

for

Strategic

Energy

use.

MoreFight,LessFuel:ReduceDemandforEnergyinMilitaryOperations

Target1:MeasureOperationalEnergyConsumption

TheAirForcehasanumberofinitiativesongoingtoincludetheAirForceTotal

OwnershipCost(AFTOC)databaseandtheAirForceEnergyDashboard.TheAFTOCdatabase

capturesdetailedfuelconsumptiondataamongothercostsattheaircrafttailnumberlevel.

TheEnergyDashboardprovidesvisibilityonenergyconsumptionacrosstheAirForceby

collectingVehicle

data

monthly

and

Aviation

data

quarterly.

These

efforts

amount

to

an

acceptablelevelofeffortandinvestmentatthistime.

Target2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyinOperationsandTraining

TheAirForcebudgeted$232.7MinFY2013andapproximately$1.2Bacrossthe

FYDPforinitiativestoaddressTarget2:ImproveEnergyPerformanceandEfficiencyin

OperationsandTraining. EffortsalignedtoSupportCurrentOperationswithEnergy

Improvementsaccountfor$196.1MwhileeffortsalignedtoImprovetheOperationalEnergy

93%

.5%

6.5%


38/45


38

EfficiencyoftheMilitaryDepartmentsaccountfor$36.7MinFY2013.

FundedeffortsalignedtoSupportCurrentOperationswithEnergyImprovements

($196.1MFY2013,$957.8MFYDP)includeprocurementofvehiclessupportingtheAirForce

deployableunitsalongwiththeprocurementandsustainmentofBasicExpeditionary

AirfieldResources

(BEAR)

sets.

Ido

have

questions

about

how

these

investments

align

with

similarprogramsandprojectsinotherservices. IwilltasktheCAWGtoexaminethese

issuescloselyaspartoftheFY2014OperationalEnergyBudgetCertificationprocessand

developrecommendationstostreamlineandstrengthenoperationalenergyinvestments.

FundedeffortsalignedtoImprovetheOperationalEnergyEfficiencyoftheMilitary

Departmentsincludefunding($29MFY2013,$159.5MFYDP)fortheKC135for

procurementof93CFMProductUpgradeProgram(CPUP)kitsinFY13and100kitsperyear

inFY1417thatmodifyenginestoincreasefuelefficiency. AdditionaleffortsincludeKC10

dragreductionefforts($0.2MFY2013,$26.1MFYDP)andtheAutomaticDependent

Surveillance Broadcast(ADSB)TechnologyInsertionPlan(TIP)program($7.5MFY2013,

$7.5MFYDP)whichwillprovideaircraftwithADSBcapabilitytooperatemoreefficientlyin

theNationalAirspaceSystem(NAS)throughoptimumflightrouting.

Theseinvestmentsamounttoanacceptablelevelofeffortandinvestmentinthis

budgetsubmission. However,Ihaveconcernswithregardtothelevelof

Documents

Energy Investments for Military Operations: for Fiscal Year 2013