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Energy
Intro to . . .
Energy is the ability to cause change.
Terms to Know• potential energy• kinetic energy
• transformations• law of conservation of energy
• temperature• thermal energy
• heat• radiation
• conduction• convection
• chemical energy
Transformations
A change of energy from
one form to another.
For example . . .
Exploding fireworks are a
transformation of chemical energy into thermal and
light energy.
Kinetic Energy
Energy of movement
Depends on mass and
speed
Potential Energy
Energy of position
Depends on where it is in
relation to gravity,
magnetism, or some other
force
vs.
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
Energy is neither created nor destroyed;
it only changes form
Thermal Energy
Total Kinetic Energy of the particles in a
material
TEMPERATURE HEATVS.
Transfer of
Thermalenergy
Measure of
Kineticenergy
How Thermal Energy Moves . . .
•Radiation•Conduction•Convection
Chemical Energy
Endothermic
Exothermic
Energy changing from one form to another is
called a
A: translocationB: transformationC: transportation
D: transfer
Energy is
A: only available when a force acts on an object.B: only found in moving objects.C: the ability of an object to stay at rest.D: the ability to cause change.
Which of the following is an example of an
energy transformation?
A: light is reflected in a mirrorB: a rock sits on the groundC: electricity travels through a light bulb which lights the roomD: all of the above
Energy is used in homes to
A: cook vegetables in a microwaveB: light roomsC: play music from the
stereoD: all of the above
A wagon sitting still at the top of a hill has
A: neither potential or kinetic energy
B: only potential energyC: only kinetic energyD: both potential and kinetic energy
The Law of Conservation of Energy states that
A: all vehicles must meet special standards to save gas.B: energy is neither created nor destroyed, it only changes form.C: ecosystems always lose energy as they develop.D: the food chain retains energy from one level to another.
Which is true of kinetic energy?
A: it depends on mass and speed
B: it is energy of positionC: it depends on where an
object is in relation to an energy sourceD: exists in motionless objects
The total kinetic energy of the particles in a material is called
A: thermal energyB: kinetic energyC: potential energyD: chemical energy
Temperature is
A: the total amount of chemical energy of a substanceB: the measure of heatC: the measure of kinetic
energy in a substanceD: the measure of resistance to heat
What is heat?
A: transfer of thermal energy
B: measure of temperatureC: measure of kinetic
energyD: transfer of potential
energy
Thermal energy flows from a system of high
temperature to a system of low temperature.
A: TrueB: False
Which of the following is NOT a way that energy
moves:
A: conductionB: convectionC: radiationD: mediation
Energy that is stored within bonds of
molecules is
A: kineticB: chemicalC: radiantD: light
Radiation involves the transfer of energy by
A: particle collisionsB: wavesC: airflowD: temperature change
The type of energy motion that may occur in
a vacuum (without matter present) is
A: radiationB: conductionC: convectionD: all of the above
The explosion of TNT involves breaking of chemical bonds that
release thermal energy. This type of chemical
reaction is called
A: an endothermic reactionB: an exothermic reactionC: an replacement reactionD: a synthesis reaction
As a snowflake falls, it
A: loses kinetic energy and gains potential energyB: loses potential energy and gains kinetic energyC: gains potential and kinetic energyD: loses potential and kinetic energy
What does a thermometer measure?
A: heatB: total energyC: average kinetic energyD: chemical energy
Solar panels are used to heat the water of a
swimming pool. This represents a
transformation of
A: solar to kinetic energyB: thermal energy to electrical energyC: electrical energy to solar
energyD: solar energy to potential energy
Energy conversions are never 100% efficient. Whenever energy is
transferred some becomes heat energy
that is no longer available to do work.
A: TrueB: False
