Energy Flow & Ecological Pyramids

8/10/2019 Energy Flow & Ecological Pyramids

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Danilo B. Mahilum Jr.4-BSPT



TargetsDefine Energy flow trough ecosystemsDifferentiate the different types of

consumers.Performs activity in related to Foodchain and food web

Develop sense of appreciate to therole of each organism.



Energy Flow





Autotrophs

Photoautotrophs – has chlorophyll andcarry on photosynthesis.



Autotrophs

Chemoautotrophs – bacteria that obtainenergy from the oxidationof inorganic compounds

such as ammonia, nitritesand sulfides.



Photosynthesis

Biological process by which energyfrom the sun (radiant energy) istransformed into chemical energy

of sugar molecules6 CO 2 + 12 H 2O + radiant energy

C 6H12 O 6 + 6 H 2O + 6 O 2



Cellular Respiration

The process where the chemicalenergy captured in photosynthesisis released within cells of plantsand animals

C 6H12 O 6 + 6 O 2 + 6 H 2O

6 CO 2 + 12 H 2O + energy



Heterotrophs

need a source of pre-formednutrients

consume tissues of otherorganisms.

consumers are classifiedaccording to the type of foodthey eat.



Herbivores

feeddirectly

on greenplants.

Types of consumers



Carnivores eat otheranimals.

Types of consumers



Omnivores

feed onboth

plants andanimals.

Types of consumers



Types of consumers

Decomposers fungi and bacteriaextract energy from dead

matter, including waste



Types of consumers

Scavengers feed on

deadmatter.

AmericanBald Eagle

Lammergeyer



Food Chain

The flow of energy from the sun to producersto primary consumers then to higher orderconsumers can be shown in a food chain.



Food ChainShows onlyone pathfor the flowof energy

in anecosystem.



Ecosystems have manydifferent types of foodchains.

Food Chain



Food Web



Food Web

A food web shows howmany different types offood chains are

connected.



Trophic Level

Each feeding level in anecosystemEach level of a foodchain or food web



Trophic Level

Each feeding level in anecosystemEach level of a foodchain or food web



10% Law of Energy Transfer

only 10% of energy at aparticular trophic level is

incorporated into the nexttrophic level.

rapid loss of energy explains whya food chain rarely has five links.



Instant Questions

What if all types of

snakes becomesextinct?



Ecological Pyramids

Graphically represent therelative energy value of each

trophic levelImportant feature is that largeamount of energy are lostbetween trophic levels to heat



Ecological Pyramids

Three main types

Pyramid of numbersPyramid of biomass

Pyramid of energy



Pyramid of Numbers

Illustrates the number oforganisms at each trophic

levelUsually, organisms at the

base of the pyramid aremore numerous



Pyramid of Numbers



Pyramid of Biomass

Illustrates the total biomass ateach successive trophic level

Biomass: measure of thetotal amount of living

material



Pyramid of Biomass



Pyramid of Energy

Illustrates how much energy ispresent at each trophic level

and how much is transferredto the next level

Most energy dissipatesbetween trophic levels



Pyramid of Energy



Time to think!Make a summary ….

Discussing energy flow in an

ecosystem.Differentiating the different types ofconsumers

Sites example of food webs andImportance of the different kind ofecological pyramids



Documents

Energy Flow & Ecological Pyramids