Energy efficiency in buildings

Ingrid H. MagnussenThe Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate

http://webfileservice.nve.no/API/PublishedFiles/Download/200901069/2174217

NVE - briefly

Energy consumption in NorwayHistorically and possible development

Energy efficiency in buildingsFrom the authority’s perspective

Content in presentation

Foto: I. Magnussen

Department of Energy Systems

Trends in energy consumption in Norway

Energy consumption

0

50

100

150

200

250

1990 2000 2010 2018 2030_E 2040_E

Tot

al e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n -

[TW

h]

Electricity

Hydrogen

District heating

Bio

Gas

Coal

Oil (heating)

Fossil fuel

Rise in consumption since 1976

Energy consumption growth slows down

Consumption in buildings steady –despite growth in population

Transport consumption will go down

New consumption in industry

Energy consumption stable – but electricity consumption is rising

0

50

100

150

200

250

1990 2000 2010 2018 2030_E 2040_E

Tot

al e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n -

[TW

h]

Electricity

Hydrogen

District heating

Bio

Gas

Coal

Oil (heating)

Fossil fuel 50 5666 65 64 62

11

1 1 5 948

5652 59

72 767

1011

11

1212

0

50

100

150

200

250

1990 2000 2010 2018 2030_E 2040_E

Elec

tric

ity c

onsu

mpt

ion

-[T

Wh] Transmission losses

Industry, petroleumand data centres

Transport

Households andservices

electricity consumption is raising

Energy consumption stable – but buildings consumption is expected to fall

0

50

100

150

200

250

1990 2000 2010 2018 2030_E 2040_E

Tot

al e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n -

[TW

h]

Electricity

Hydrogen

District heating

Bio

Gas

Coal

Oil (heating)

Fossil fuel

0

50

100

150

200

250

2016

2018

2020

2022

2024

2026

2028

2030

2032

2034

Tot

al e

nerg

y co

nsum

ptio

n [T

Wh/

year

]

Transport

Other

Industry, data centersand petroleum

Buildings(Households andservice sector)

building cunsumption is expected to fall

Energy situation is different – not all experience can be transferred

Energy Efficiency

Clean energy for all europeans

32,5 %

32 %

15 %

Energy efficiency

Renewables

Transmission capacity

40 % Reduced emissionsReported trough national energy and climate plans

Distribution net Regional net Transmisjon net

1 – 5 years3 moths – 1 year 2 – 10 yearsTime to build:

?

??

Infrastructure and flexibility will be important

1. Building codes / acts

2. Ecodesign requirements

3. Schemeso Enovao Researcho other

4. Heat pumps and PV in buildings

Energy Efficiency in buildings

Foto: I. Magnussen

1. Building codes - Requirement get tighter..

Building codes, 1969 - today

Standards (not building codes)

Energy consumption of building

Energy production, renewable

Energy consumption, materials

TEK 10Excistingbuildings -average

TEK 20Almost zero

energyTEK 25

Zero energy

TEK 15Passive

level

kWh/m2

Per year

Implementation of Ecodesign and Energy Labelling directives will lead to 3 TWh energy savings 2030

Despite rise in population and ownership of appliances

Results are based on study of 10 appliances

Survey in 2000 householdsTechnical information on appliances

2. Ecodesign and energy labellingTotal energy demand of the appliances

National energy agencyEnergy efficiency and GHG reductions

Support schemes -all sectorsIndustry, transport, buildings

Market transformation, demo, pilots

The schemes give substantial savings

3. Schemes and funding from Enova

Source: Enova

3. Schemes for research –Centres for Environment- friendly Energy Research (FME) - (2017-2024)

Norwegian CCS

Research Centre - NCCS

Norwegian Research Centre for

Hydropower Technology- HydroCen

Centre for intelligent electricity distribution –

CINELDI

Centre for an Energy Efficient and Competitive

Industry for the Future - HighEFF

The Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in

Smart Cities – ZEN Centre

Mobility Zero Emission Energy Systems - MoZEES

Research Centre for Sustainable Solar Cell Technology

Norwegian Centre for Sustainable Bio-based Fuels and Energy - Bio4Fuel

Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoodsin Smart Cities – ZEN

https://fmezen.no/about-us/

Heat pumps

Solar PV systems

4. Local energy production

Foto: L. Henden

Large growth since 2003Mainly due to support schemes and regulation

Air-air pumps dominant in households

Estimated heat production in 2030 -> 15-18 TWh,

Of which ambient heat > 10 TWh

Huge rise in installation of heat pumps

Solar PV - Massive growth, but the volumes are low

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90

100

0

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40

60

80

100

120

140

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

Year

lyge

nera

tion

[GW

h/a]

Inst

alle

d ca

paci

ty [

MW

p] Off grid [MW]Grid connected [MW]Generation [GWh]

Source: Asplan Viak/Multiconsult/IEA-PVPS/SSB

Low

High

Reference

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2019 2022 2025 2030 2040

Year

lypr

oduc

tion

[TW

h/a]

NVEs projections on solar power generation

Important learnings

Design and management of schemes are important Must meet actual needConsumers addressed must have possibility to respondMeasure, follow up, redesign and cancel (..) schemes

Don’t forget rehabilitationin 2040, the majority of the area in the buildings sector is still “old”. Use opportunities when houseowner are in decision processesCompetence in building sector important – poor work can spoil good technology

Research and pilots should meet needsEnforce technology and market mechanisms

Some final remarks

Thank you for your attentionihm@nve.no

Foto: I. Magnussen