Energy and Change CHAPTER the BIG idea CHAPTER OUTLINE Waves and heat flow transfer energy. Change occurs as energy is transferred. 1.1 Radiation transfers

Energy and Change

CHAPTER

the BIG ideathe BIG idea

CHAPTER OUTLINE

Waves and heat flow transfer energy.

Change occurs as energy is transferred.1.11.1

Radiation transfers energy.1.21.2

Heat energy flows from warmer to cooler areas.1.31.3

NEW CHAPTER

CHAPTER RESOURCES

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME


SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE

CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES

CALIFORNIAContent Standards

6.3.a Students know energy can be carried from one place to another by heat flow or by waves, including water, light and sound waves, or by moving objects.

6.3.b Students know that when fuel is consumed, most of the energy released becomes heat energy.

energy

heat energy

temperature

heat flow

conservation of energy

work

VOCABULARY





•Energy is the ability to cause a change.

• Different forms of energy produce changes in different ways.

• All living things require energy.

• Work transfers energy.

energy

heat energy

temperature

heat flow


workSIMULATION

Explore work by lifting virtual weights.

VOCABULARY





Energy from sunlight is transferred to plantsand then to animals.

Electromagnetic energy from the Sun is absorbed by the grass, which changes it into chemical energy.

As the cow eats the grass, it gains chemical energy stored in the grass. The cow can use some of this energy to produce milk.

The person gains chemical energy by eating foods such as yogurt, which is made from milk.

energy

heat energy

temperature

heat flow


work

VOCABULARY


Radiation transfers energy.

radiation

1.21.2


wave

wavelength

electromagnetic spectrum


CALIFORNIAContent StandardsCALIFORNIAContent Standards

6.3.a Students know energy can be carried from one place to another by heat flow or by waves, including water, light and sound waves, or by moving objects.

6.3.d Students know heat energy is also transferred between objects by radiation (radiation can travel through space).

6.4.b Students know solar energy reaches Earth through radiation, mostly in the form of visible light.

VOCABULARY



radiation

1.21.2


wave

wavelength



Radiation is energy that travels in the form of electromagnetic waves. A wavelength is the distance between one wave crest or trough and the next.

VOCABULARY


Heat energy flows from warmer to cooler areas.

1.31.3


conduction

convection

density

convection current


CALIFORNIAContent Standards

6.3.c Students know heat flows in solids by conduction (which involves no flow of matter) and in fluids by conduction and by convection (which involves flow of matter).

6.4.d Students know convection currents distribute heat in the atmosphere and oceans.

VOCABULARY



1.31.3


conduction

convection

density

convection current


Conduction transfers energy by direct contact.

Energy from the cocoa is transferred to the mug,to the gloves, and then to the person’s hands.

VOCABULARY



1.31.3


conduction

convection

density

convection current


Convection transfers energy by the motion of a gas or liquid. Less dense air rises, and denser air sinks.

The warm ground transfers energy to the air.

Warmer, less dense air rises and is replaced by cooler, sinking air

As the air cools, it becomes denser and starts to sink.

Sinking air moves to replace the rising air. When this air is warmed, it will rise and be replaced too.

VOCABULARY



1.31.3


conduction

convection

density

convection current


Conduction transfers energy by direct contact. Convection transfers energy by the motion of a gas or liquid.

SIMULATION

Find out more about convection currents.

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VOCABULARY


I. Change occurs as energy is transferred.

1.11.1

KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY

A. Life requires energy.

1. Uses of Energy

2. Conservation of Energy

3. Energy and Work

B. Energy has many forms.

Change occurs as energy is transferred.

D. Energy can change from one form to another.


energy

heat energy

temperature

heat flow


work

C. Energy moves from one place to another.

VOCABULARY


II. Radiation transfers energy.

A. Radiation travels in waves.

B. Earth receives radiation from the Sun.

1.21.2




1. Energy and Wavelengths

2. Electromagnetic Spectrum

3. Visible Light

1. Reflection and Absorption in the Atmosphere

2. Reflection and Absorption at Earth’s Surface

3. The Sun as an Energy Resource

radiation

wave

wavelength


VOCABULARY


III. Heat energy flows from warmer to cooler areas.

A. Heat flow is transfer of energy.

B. Heat flow by conduction requires contact.

1.31.3 Heat energy flows from warmer to cooler areas.



conduction

convection

density

convection currentC. Heat flow by convection involves a flow of matter.

1. Density

2. Changes in Density

3. Density and Convection Currents

D. Heat energy can be transferred in different ways at the same time.

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Energy and Change CHAPTER the BIG idea CHAPTER OUTLINE Waves and heat flow transfer energy. Change occurs as energy is transferred. 1.1 Radiation transfers