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21-2 Classification of Fungi
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21-2 Classification of Fungi
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Classification
Fungi are classified according to their structure and method of reproduction.
The four main groups of fungi are:
• 1) Common molds (Zygomycota)
• 2) Sac fungi (Ascomycota)
• 3) Club fungi (Basidiomycota)
• 4) Imperfect fungi (Deuteromycota)
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21-2 Classification of Fungi
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The Common Molds
1) COMMON MOLDS
= Familiar molds that grow on meat, cheese, fruit, and bread
•Black bread mold, Rhizopus stolonifer, is a zygomycete / common mold
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21-2 Classification of Fungi
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The Sac Fungi
2) SAC FUNGI Yeasts
Yeasts are unicellular sac fungi.
Yeasts reproduce asexually by budding.
Dry granules of yeast contain ascospores, which become active in a moist environment.
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21-2 Classification of Fungi
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The Club Fungi
3) CLUB FUNGI
Club fungi gets its name from a specialized reproductive structure that resembles a club.
• includes shelf fungi, puffballs, earthstars, jelly fungi, and rusts.
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21-2 Classification of Fungi
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The Imperfect Fungi
4) IMPERFECT FUNGI
= Fungi that cannot be placed in other phyla because researchers have never been able to observe a sexual phase in their life cycles.
Example = Penicillium notatum - a mold that is the source of the antibiotic penicillin.
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21-2
Fungi grow best in an environment that is
a. cool.
b. moist.
c. dry.
d. salty.
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21-2
Yeasts are
a. ascomycetes.
b. zygomycetes.
c. basidiomycetes.
d. deuteromycetes.
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21-2
Penicillium is a(an)
a. ascomycete.
b. basidiomycete.
c. deuteromycete.
d. zygomycete.
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21-2
The basidiospores of club fungi are produced on thin structures called
a. fruiting bodies.
b. buttons.
c. gills.
d. stalks.
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