END OF PROJECT REVIEW REPORT OFmjsks.org/FINAL REVIEW REPORT OF MJSKS-AIDBC PROJECT.pdf · However, the final evaluation of the project found that 91% households have livestock and

END OF PROJECT REVIEW REPORTOF

“Artificial Insemination in Dairy and Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project”

Review Team:Sadequl Islam (Team Leader)

Anjum Nahed ChowdhuryMd. Abdullah Al Maamun

Submitted to:Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS)

Ulipur, Kurigram

December 2015

Implemented by: MJSKSSupported by: EEP/Shiree

Financed by: UKaid-DFID, SDC & GoB

Review Team:Sadequl Islam (Team Leader)Anjum Nahed ChowdhuryMd. Abdullah Al Maamun

Submitted to:Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS)Ulipur, Kurigram

December 2015

Implemented by : MJSKSSupported by : EEP/Shiree Financed by : UKaid-DFID, SDC & GoB

End of AIDBC Project Review Report of MJSKS SI





Review Team:Team Leader: Sadequl Islam [email protected]

Team Members:Anjum Nahed ChowdhuryMd. Abdullah Al Maamun

End Line Survey Coordination & Quality Control:Md. Elius Ali

End Line Survey Data Collection:Rezaul AlamMostafa KamalMithun RoyShoriful IslamShonjoy MohantaKamrul SheikhPankaj SarkerBadhon KarmokarShakib HasanMonir Foysal

Data Processing, Entry and Cleaning :Jahangir Alam Badol

Graphics Design:Kayshar Rahman RomelCONCEPT innovative communication bangladesh.2nd Rail Gate, Circular Road, Gaibandha.

December 2015

AcknowledgementThe Review team would like to thank the Union Parishads and Upazila Officials, Artificial Insemi-nation Technicians, Local Livestock Workers, Community Pusti Kormi and the beneficiaries of the AIDBC project for their participation in providing the information required for this study.

We are grateful to the AIDBC project team of MJSKS, particularly Dr. Md. Nuruzzaman, Project Manager, and other staff members of the AIDBC project for their considerable time spent for mobilizing the group members and other stake-holders for conducting FGDs, household visit, support data enumerators for census survey, KII as well as to share their insights about the project challenges, lessons and for their hospital-ity.

In particular the review team is indebted to Mr. Shyamal Chandra Sarker for his generous coop-eration in conducting the assignment.

Warm regards,

The Review Team


Table of Contents


Abbrevia�ons Used----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Glossary of Terms---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Execu�ve Summary .................................................................................................................................... 1. Introduc�on to the Project and Context .................................................................................... 01 1.1. Background

1.2. Local C ontext ............................................................................................................................... 01 1.3. About the Organisa�on and Project ...................................................................................... 02

2. Methodologies and Approaches ........................................................................................................ 03 2.1. Review Frame Work .................................................................................................................. 03 2.2. Focus Group Discussions and Households Visit ......................................................................... 03 2.3. Key Informant Interview (KII) .................................................................................................... 04 2.4. End Line Survey .......................................................................................................................... 04 2.5. Data Processing and Analysis .................................................................................................... 04 2.6. Report Wri�ng, Feedback Adjustment and Submission ............................................................ 04

3. Findings .............................................................................................................................................. 05 3.1. Project Design ............................................................................................................................ 05 3.2. Targe�ng .................................................................................................................................... 05 3.3. Project Modali�es ...................................................................................................................... 06 3.4. Assessment of the Main Components of the Project ................................................................ 06

3.4.1. Demography and Organiza�on of Groups ........................................................................ 07 3.4.2. Produc�ve Assets of the Households ............................................................................... 07 3.4.3. Capacity Development Training for the Beneficiaries ...................................................... 08 3.4.4 Maintenance of the Livestock and Poultry ....................................................................... 09 3.4.5. Vaccina�on and Treatment .............................................................................................. 09 3.4.6. Oestrous Synchronisa�on by Hormone ............................................................................ 10 3.4.7. Income from Milk .............................................................................................................. 11 3.4.8. Income from Selling of Cow Dung..................................................................................... 12 3.4.9. Income from the Supplementary Assets .......................................................................... 12 3.4.10. Loan and Savings at the Households ................................................................................ 13 3.4.11. Nutri�on ............................................................................................................................ 13 3.4.12. Status of the Household Assets ........................................................................................ 14 3.4.13. Non-agricultural Produc�ve Assets .................................................................................. 14 3.4.14. Households’ Income from Agricultural and other sources ............................................... 15 3.4.15. Monthly Income ................................................................................................................. 15

3.4.16. Investment by the Households ........................................................................................... 17 3.4.17 Women Empowerment ....................................................................................................... 17 3.4.18 Partnership and Linkage ....................................................................................................... 17 3.5. Relevance and Appropriateness ......................................................................................................... 18 3.6 Effec�veness ....................................................................................................................................... 19 3.7. Efficiency ............................................................................................................................................. 21 3.8 Value for Money (VFM) ....................................................................................................................... 22 3.9. Sustainability ......................................................................................................................................... 23

4. Innova�ons and Lessons Learning .......................................................................................................... 24 5. Recommenda�ons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 6. Conclusions--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25 Annexes -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------26

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Abbreviations UsedAIDBC Ar�ficial Insemina�on in Dairy and Beef Ca�le

AIT Ar�ficial Insemina�on Technician AI Ar�ficial Insemina�on

CPK Community Pus� Kormi CLP Chars Livelihoods Programme CBF Comprehensive Breast Feeding

BHHs Beneficiary Households DFID Department for Interna�onal Development EBF Exclusive Breast Feeding EEP Economic Empowerment of the Poorest FGD Focus Group Discussion GoB Government of Bangladesh HH Household IGA Income Genera�ng Assets/Ac�vi�es KII Key Informant Interview

LLW Local Livestock Worker MJSKS Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity

MDG Millennium Development Goal MFI Micro Finance Ins�tu�ons

MNP Micro Nutrient Powder MSC Most Significant Change NGO Non-Government Organiza�on VAW Violence Against Women VFM Value for Money VSLA Village Savings and Loan Associa�on SDVC Strengthening Dairy Value Chain, a Project of CARE Bangladesh

a

Logical Framework Approach (LFA): is a man-agement tool mainly used for designing, moni-toring and evaluating any development projects. Household Member: Household members are all those who live within the household sharing the same resources such as food, housing and money. Household members who live elsewhere but who get support from the same household shall be recorded as household member. But household members living elsewhere indepen-dently with out getting any support shall not considered as members.Female head of Household: Household with women as the head of the household.Head of Household: The head of the household is the member of the household who is the main decision maker regarding the different activities of the household. The household is run under his/her orders.Earner: An earner is a person who brings in goods or cash in return for services rendered. Thus a pensioner could be an earner as long as he receives pension in recognition of his services. A landlord is an earner because of his rental income.Occupation: It is defined as the means associ-ated with the activities from which the individual earns livelihood. Occupation can be major or minor according to the greater for smaller share income.Income: It is defined as the gain in cash or kind received in exchange of goods and services in a particular period.Household expenditure: Household expendi-ture is made up several components like food consumption expenditure, non food consump-tion expenditure and other consumption expen-diture. Goods and services purchased on an irregular basis during the reference period.

Assets: This includes productive assets e.g. livestock, and non productive asset like radio, TV, wooden and steel furniture, kitchen utensils; quilts etc.Oestrous synchronisation: Oestrous synchroni-sation is the process of targeting female mam-mals to come to heat within a short time frame (36 to 96 hours). This is achieved through the use of one or more hormones. GnRH and Prostaglan-din F2 are two hormones used in the “Synch” protocols during oestrus synchronisation. Food security: Is defined as the access at all times by a household to sufficient, safe and nutri-tious food that meets dietary needs for an active life.Assumptions: The factors that lie outside the control of the intervention. These typically relate to the behaviours and decisions of beneficiaries and other stakeholders. Impact: An assessment of the positive and nega-tive changes produced by PRIDE, whether directly or indirectly and intended or unintended. Monga: A seasonal food insecurity between mid-September to November in ecologically vulnerable and economically weak parts of north-western Bangladesh, primarily caused by an employment and income deficit after the aman rice crop is transplanted and before it is harvested.Union: The lowest administrative unit in at rural level Bangladesh – below Upazila governed by locally elected representatives. Pouroshova: Municipality Area - the semi-urban and/or urban area.Upazila: Government Administrative structure comprised of several unions/municipality – below district.


GLOSSARY OF TERMS

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Executive Summary

The purpose of this review is to provide an independent assessment of the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and results/impact of the MJSKS’s Artificial Insemination in Dairy and Beef Cattle (AIDBC) project to the extreme poor people in Kurigram District. The Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project has been implementing in the 35 villages of 09 unions of 03 Upazilas i.e. Ulipur, Rajarhat and Kurigram Sadar since July 2013 to December 2015. The purpose of the project is to address the issue of seasonal food insecurity brought on by low level of employment opportunities. The key component of the proposed project: asset transfer and oestrous synchronization as part of artificial insemination (AI) on transfer cow/heifer. Ensure employment generation through rearing livestock to improve income and nutritional status and to achieve self-reliance and household food security, particularly during lean period. This present project was developed based on the learning and success of the innovation phase implemented during 2010 to 2012 with 635 BHHS.

In the review process, a total of 172 beneficiaries participated in the FGD process, through a mixture of Focus Group Discussions, individuals’ interviews and household visits to some income generating proj-ects established. A survey was conducted to collect data of the income and assets from the 1977 households (08 BHHs are permanently migrated with project assets and rest 15 BHHs are seasonally/temporarily migrated but the assets kept in their close relatives, so their assets value is not included in this study).

The baseline information of the project showed that only 2 % households owned shared livestock and poultry. However, the final evaluation of the project found that 91% households have livestock and 87% owned poultry. 9% of the BHHs have shifted their focus from dairy to other productive resources such as land purchase for agriculture, small business etc. 83% BHHs have more than 2 cattle. Moreover, 95% of household’s income has increased by 60%. The value of productive assets is increased from BDT 762,305 to BDT 90,536,405. The per capita /day income increased from 13 to 64 BDT.Besides, the end line findings indicated that the situation of project beneficiaries have an improvement in the area of savings and sanitation etc.

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Each BHH is given a cow or heifer that is provided artificial insemination and/or estrous synchroni-zation twice over the life cycle of the project, facilitating controlled reproduction and milk production. Each BHH is provided training on cattle rearing and animal husbandry. The project provided cattle feed support stipend for each BHH for first three months BDT 385 per month after purchasing of cow/heifer and BDT 425 per month for 4 months in pregnancy period. Skill development of AI Technicians through practical AI performing in guidance from Veterinarians and advanced training by experts are done. BHHs are also provided training on cattle rearing as well as provided the necessary agricultural inputs to get these activities started. The project trans-ferred supplementary assets to the 1999 house-holds. This included duck/hen and vegetable seeds worth BDT 1000 depending on the BHH’s existing skill and choice. .

The end line survey found that there are 6228 family members in the 1977 households. This is the net increase of 497 members in the families. It was also found that there are 2399 earning mem-bers among the families which are 38% of total family members. The project was implementing both in the remote river embankment areas and catchment areas of the Municipality. It also found that political unrest at initial stage of the project hampered the transfer of heifer to the beneficia-ries.

There were 1819 cow among 1977 households against the base line of only 14 cows reared on shared basis in 13 households. The end line

survey also found 1817 calves among house-holds and the number was also 14 during base-line. The status of goats is also found 453 which were only 163 during start of the project. The survey also found 14,136 poultry birds which were 2101 at the initial stage of the project. From the end line survey it is also found that the aver-age value of cow is BDT 29,165 which was only BDT 6,129 (actually below 3,000 shared values for the BHHs) during baseline. The average value of per calf is found BDT 17,406. The project ensured the de-worming and vaccination for all the cows through LLW’s support. Around 17% of the cow were provided hormone to become synchronise and rest of cows got pregnant naturally. The proj-ect developed 12 AITs and 12 LLWs to ensure intensive support for health of animal and insemination. Only 8% target households are owned Rickshaw which was only 2% in the base-line information and the values of those old rickshaws were below BDT. 3,000. Around 50% of the households sold milk during lean period of 2015 and earned average BDT 2234 on monthly basis. The cow in the rest of the households got pregnant and stopped producing milk. The aver-age milk production was found 2.1 litres per day from 1 cow and the selling price range was from BDT 30 to BDT 50. A total of 4%, 77% and 45% households sold goat/sheep, poultry birds and eggs during September to November 2015 respectively to cope with the lean period. The major contributing source of income is mostly daily wage labour and different occupations which are followed by selling of milk and income from supplementary assets. The end line survey also revealed that the most of the income was

End of AIDBC Project Review Report of MJSKS SI ii

earned from the work as day labourer both in the agricultural and non-agricultural sector (a total of 54% of the households have day labourer as main occupation). 51% households have the occupation both from the rickshaw and small businesses.

The analysis of the data of end line survey found that the 1977 targeted households earned monthly average BDT 6,067 that is the net 540% increase of the income comparing with the base-line situation. The per capita/day income has reached at BDT 61 (gross) and the inflation adjusted per capita / day income is BDT 49 which was only 13.19 during baseline survey. A total of 1222 (62%) households invested on an average BDT 2707 for cultivation in the mortgaged land and 60% households invested in the shared or leased land. A total of 4.8% BHHs is struggling for livelihoods and could not graduate over the proj-ect due to various reasons.

The project introduced VSLA in the all groups. The beneficiaries used to by 01-05 shares of VSLA on fortnightly basis worth BDT 20 for each. On an average each members deposited BDT 300 by this time. The accumulated group savings stands around BDT. 8,000. All the groups sanctioned loan from the VSLA to the members. Each member received BDT 1000 as loan and was paying back with fortnightly instalment.

The project initiated a series of activities for the improvement of nutritional status of the below 2 years old children, adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating mothers. The evaluation team observed that 28 children (13-24 months) received de-worming suspension and 18 children (25-60 months) received de-worming tablets in the visited groups. The adolescent girls, breastfeed-ing mothers and pregnant women received the Iron-Folic Acid tablets. The evaluation also observed that all the children from the 7 months to 60 months received micro nutrient powder

within suggested interval. The CPKS conducted session with adolescent girls on personal hygiene, de-worming, Iron tablet, sanitation, early marriage, reproductive health, VAW etc. and com-prehensive breast feeding for mothers.

Regarding budget utilization, 96% burn rate is observed against the total budget of BDT 71,498,266 of which majority unspent is lying with direct delivery component i.e. BDT 2,064,000 out of total unspent of BDT 2,450,663. With an initial investment of BDT 22,974 at BHHs level, the project helped the BHHs to gain BDT 22,821 (45,795-22,974) as gross amount. Consid-ering the overall expenditure of project against a BHH, the net contribution is BDT 14,365 (45,795-31,430) in addition to the expenditures the BHHs made from the income gained from milk, cow dung, selling of supplementary for maintaining daily livelihood expenditure. Thus the project money is effectively and efficiently utilizing the VFM concept.

The project as a whole is of found highly relevant to the beneficiaries because it meets their prior-ity needs. The project is reducing food insecurity and child malnutrition levels through the income generating components and particularly impor-tant to women. The project has developed a huge asset base for the extreme poor BHHs which has spill over impact in family and community level. Over the period, the project have contributed to increase productive asset value more than BDT 22821 in addition to project’s contribution of BDT 22974. They became aware on their rights base issues and able to claim those efficiently. Sus-tainability of the programmes found high in terms of economic empowerment, with around 100% of beneficiaries stating that they planned to continue the rearing of cattle and ensure the treatment and other cost initiated by the AIDBC project after the end of the project. The LLWs are active in the locality and they reported that this service is emerged as their main profession and

End of AIDBC Project Review Report of MJSKS SIiii

income source. As a result, the target people will get continuous support hopefully. However, to continue the estrous hormone for the synchroni-zation, the AITs need to be regular updated about improvement of the process and policies of the government. In addition, AITs and LLWs need to bring under a regulatory body of the govern-ment to maintain quality and cost effective services. Upazila base association can be devel-oped for the purpose. Advocacy work is needed at national and regional level to increase the personnel’s in the Livestock department particu-larly in the poorer districts as the poor people are now becoming the cattle rarer due to lack of land base property. Alongside, exposure visits can be organized in SDVC project of CARE for under-standing the process of enhancing fat content in the milk as well as the marketing mechanism of

milk. The review team does not think that the complex issue like pre-requisites of oestrous synchronisation and marketing can be resolved within one or two interventions or in a short period as it is a more complex than one can imag-ine. Thus MJSKS management hopefully will adapt flexible approaches considering pragmati-cally.

End of AIDBC Project Review Report of MJSKS SI iv

Main report

1. INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT AND CONTEXT

1.1 BackgroundMJSKS and EEP/Shiree decide to measure the achievements of the project by the external resource persons at the end of the project period. After proper awarding process, MJSKS has awarded this team to conduct the “End of Project Review” of the AIDBC Project. The Review team comprised three consul-tants headed by a lead consultant. The review team has to provide comprehensive data and informa-tion to MJSKS and the EEP/Shiree on the achievement of outputs and outcomes of the project. Based on the logical framework (Attached as annex-1), the team reviewed the performance following a participatory process of the project and assesses the extent the project has attained the envisaged outcomes including Value For Money (VFM) framework. An end line survey following census was part of the review. The review team made few recommendations for its follow-up and conceptualization of similar projects for future.

1.2 Local contextKurigram is a flood prone district of Bangladesh. More than 80% people are directly involved in nature dependable agriculture and the river erosion is very common phenomena. Several rivers are flowing through the heart of this district. The major rivers are Brahmaputra, Dharla, and Tista with minors are Dudhkumar, Phulkumar, Gangadhar, etc. According to the WFP vulnerability map of Bangladesh, Kuri-gram is considered as the most poverty-prone district of Bangladesh and the region is the poorest in the country with high population density. The regular flooding and river erosion have an adverse long-term effect on the livelihoods of people residing in the affected communities.

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1.3 About the Organization and Project Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS) was established in 1972 in the village of Mahideb in Ulipur Upazila under the district of Kurigram of Bangladesh. The initiative resulted out the voluntary work of some young and energetic people who supported the people suffering from the conse-quences of the liberation war of 1971. In the present day, the working area has been expanded to the Rangpur, Lalmon-irhat, Gaibandha, Dinajpur, Nilphamari and Kurigram district. The spirit of MJSKS remained the same over decades, consid-ering its honesty and devotion as the key ingredients of their work. Since 1997, MJSKS has been implementing number of projects to enhance livelihood security with the support of USAID/CARE, UKAID, SDC, AUSAID, WATER AID, Shiree, BMZ and NETZ Germany, Manusher Jonno Founda-tion, NGO Forum, Steps Towards Develop-ment, Save The Children and BSRM etc. Presently MJSKS is implementing various types of projects in the field of Livelihood/Agriculture, Rights, Gender, Non-Formal Education, Market Develop-ment, Water and Sanitation, Health Hygiene & Nutrition and Humanitarian assistance in disaster.

End of AIDBC Project Review Report of MJSKS SI 02

About the AIDBC Project MJSKS has been implemen�ng the Ar�ficial Insemina�on in Dairy & Beef Ca�le (AIDBC) Project in unions of 03 upazila i.e. Ulipur, Rajarhat and Kurigram Sadar since July 2013 to December 2015. It has implemented a 1st phase project under Innova�on fund round –II with 635 beneficiary Households (BHHs) in 02 upazila during 2009 to 2012 which was later extended/scaled up to 2015 with 2000 BHHs covering 01 more upazila. The project is financed by the GOB, UKaid-DFID and SDC through Economic Empowerment of the Poorest (EEP)/Shiree programme. The aim of the project is to address seasonal food insecurity brought on by low levels of employment opportuni�es. The main component of the project is asset transfer, employment genera�on resul�ng in improved income and nutri�onal status; Each BHH is given a cow or heifer that is provided estrous synchroniza�on and ar�ficial insemina�on. Each BHH is provided training on ca�le rearing and animal husbandry. The project provided ca�le feed support s�pend for each BHH for first three months BDT 385 per month a�er purchasing of cow/heifer and BDT 425 per month for 4 months in pregnancy period. All relevant ca�le health supports (vaccina�on, de-worming and treatment) through LLWs and AIs through prac�cal AI performing in guidance from the Veterinarians and advanced training by experts are done. BHHs are also provided training on homestead vegetables, Napier grass produc�on as well as provided the necessary homestead agricultural inputs to get these ac�vi�es started. Supplemental IGA for depending on the BHH’s exis�ng skill and choice are provide to each BHH worth BDT 1000. Envisaged Outputs of the project is � Increase economic empowerment;

� Improved food security;

� Improved female empowerment.

� Estrous Synchroniza�on & Ar�ficial Insemina�on technology adop�on.

The details of the project is given in Annex-6

2. Methodologies and approaches 2.1 Review frame workAfter consultations with MJSKS, the review team developed a technical proposal for conducting the “End of Project Review”. The approach and methodologies is designed and used based on the objectives and scope of the work of the review as delineated in the ToR (Attached as annex-2), which was finalised in consultation with MJSKS management. The field work was carried out within the period of December 12 – December 20, 2015. During field work the team was assisted by the Project Manager-AIDBC, field level staff and other project staff members.

A preliminary briefing/meeting with relevant staff of AIDBC project was held on 12.12.2015 to get briefing on project activities and the proposed work to understand the concepts, relevancies, objectives and methodology of the review. The team member reviewed all available documentation relevant to the projects as men-tioned in. Relevant project documents, Logical framework, indicators, proposals, baseline report, relevant studies and report are reviewed and continued during the whole study period as and when necessary.

At first step was to form and establish common understanding among the review team and MJSKS management about the assignment, review methodology, and required information, especially on sectors & livelihood attributes, graduation criteria, capacity building process, policies, strategies, artificial insemination, market potentialities, business constraints and opportu-nities and viable business development services.

The review process made use of both quantita-tive and qualitative methods from secondary and primary sources. Qualitative information is collected through FGDs, KIIs, and household visits. A list of beneficiaries and the groups under AIDBC were supplied by the MJSKS.

At the end of the field visit, a debriefing meeting was held with the concerned AIDBC team. In the basis of filed visit, the team presented a brief presentation to MJSKS to get feedback, com-ments and suggestions, necessary adjustment were made.

2.2 Focus Group discussions and Households visitThe one of the main instruments of collecting in-depth descriptive data from the respondents were Focus Group Discussions (FGD). In consulta-tion with MJSKS, samples were determined for the FGDs (02 per upazila) considering represen-tation of all categories. Using a pre-designed check-list for facilitating the sessions, the discus-sions were recorded in script. During the review process 8 FGDs are conducted and around 172 participants are attended in different locations. The FGDs helped streamline the project activities and achievements, constraints and opportunities in the relevance of the sub sectors. (A list of FGD locations are placed in the annex-3).


2.3 Key Informant Interview (KII)Explorative approaches were followed during the review process involving relevant stakeholders directly related to the project. In order to get candid and significant information and opinions in comfortable environment from the individuals having extensive experiences were interviewed with particular focus of AIDBC’s contribution over reducing extreme poverty, the project’s technical aspects and processes including positive and negative implications. (A list of the persons inter-viewed are placed in annex-4)Regarding FGD and KII findings, the team prepares the first draft of the review report right after field visit, which later was checked with the project objectives, strategies, log frame and other relevant documents.

2.4 End line Survey The end of project review followed an end line survey relevant with the log frame and the main indicators of the baseline survey. Information was collected from all the 1977 beneficiaries (08 BHHs are permanently migrated with project assets and rest 15 BHHs are seasonally migrated) follow-ing face to face interview and observation process with all 1977 BHHs. The survey used a semi-structured questionnaire which was final-ized after field test in the project. External Data Enumerators (10) were deployed by the review team for the purpose. All enumerators selected for the assignment were given a half day orienta-tion on various aspects of the survey, such as questionnaire content, interviewing techniques, field procedures, and maintaining data quality. There were 3 supervisors to observe and monitor the process and check for completeness and consistency of the information returned on a daily basis. The information generated from end line survey is compared with the information of the base line to understand the real changes of the livelihood options of the beneficiaries as well as further cross checked with other qualitative information collected during FGDs and KIIs, MSCs etc. Corresponding triangulation with the similar

types of questions posed to project staff, working groups, and target members. The findings are analyzed and the most important issues devel-oped into recommendations. As part of the voluntary participation of the respondents, the respondents were first made aware of the purpose of the survey. Alongside, they were also ensured that all information collected was confidential and used at aggre-gated level for program purpose. After checking the completeness, post coding was done if needed before entering the data into computer.

2.5 Data Processing and Analysis After field work, questionnaire were numbered, sorted and entered into CSpro and analyzed in SPSS software. After data entry, cleaning process and checking the abnormal figure was done and adjusted after revisiting hard copy of the ques-tionnaire. In-case of inconsistency further checks was done with respective field supervisor and enumerators. Data analysis was also carried out using the SPSS software which produced frequency tables, cross tabulation and standard statistical calculations to produce required proj-ect effectiveness assessment indicators. The results were then used to develop the project review report.

2.6 Report Writing, feedback adjustment and submission The first draft report is prepared considering the findings from FGDs, KIIs, MSC and end line survey triangulated with baseline report. The 1st draft report was submitted to MJSKS for comments, suggestions and feedback and after adjustment, a final report is submitted to MJSKS within given time frame.


3. Findings3.1 Project DesignA well-defined and clearly focused strategy was adopted aiming at contributing to the strength-ening productive capabilities of the project participants to cope up with lean (Monga) period and development of savings and loan system-the women groups, transfer of productive assets to BHH, working capital retention, management and regeneration.

Employing participatory approaches among village community for identification of target beneficiaries, regular counselling and awareness development and subsequent capacity building for Income generating and employment produc-tion and IGAs are good indicators that the project is well planned and designed.

The project planned and designed its activities on concrete terms but used enough flexibility for accommodating decision-making and choices of it beneficiaries in planning. The project design and strategy was effective to increase sustainable Income generating and employment production of targeted extreme poor households and looks into a subsequent lateral spread of the improved technologies and IGAs it has introduced so that the project will eventually generate a positive and significant impact on their livelihood.

The project design is a good fit in addressing the interest, need and context of the women benefi-ciaries. The IGAs are appropriate to meet their aspirations and needs in terms of scope and nature of activities women traditionally/ gener-ally are tuned to do without any resistance because of any social taboos and/or conserva-tism. In addition, men and other members of the family are coming forward to help women ben-eficiaries in their endeavours. The project primar-ily adopted a highly sensitive technical interven-tion i.e. oestrous synchronisation for artificial insemination of heifers which was used almost in 40% of cases need further discussions consider-

ing availability of healthy heifers, feeding prac-tices as well as socio-economic context of the beneficiaries. The project design explicitly men-tioned the marketing of the produces pertinently milk which got less attention during implemen-tation stage.

3.2 Targeting The use of community based processes in target-ing of beneficiaries seems in general to have been very successful and accepted by the benefi-ciaries. The targeting process was understood by everyone and was adjudged to be fair by all. The preliminary list was shared with Shiree and a series of verification was done by them. Some recommendations were adjusted and finally selected 2000 extreme poor households in the working area.

There were no reports of exclusion due to old age, illness, disability, or not being aware in the PRA meeting. The team observed many old aged beneficiaries in the group meeting. Almost all beneficiaries felt no one had been wrongly included. The few adverse observations included:- 1188 old aged people were included- 995 widow or female headed households were included- There were 227 households had 5 or more than 5 family members- 100% people did not have own agricultural productive land- 13 had 14 shared cows/ heifers - 08 BHHs have been permanently and 15 BHHs temporarily/seasonally migrated over the project period.

There was a clear consensus that the same targeting process should be used in future as it was ‘fair’ and ‘unbiased’ and was understood by all. (Beneficiary selection and graduation criteria are attached as Annex-7 & 8)

However, many of the beneficiaries and key infor-mants mentioned the dilemma of exclusion


criteria mainly concerned those left out due to having limited funds/numbers eligible or negli-gible amount of loan to MFIs. In the target com-munities many others are at similar levels of need and beneficiaries sympathized with those excluded and wished the project to be expanded to include more of the community members.

3.3 Project ModalitiesIn order to assess how the AIDBC project inter-acted with the existing and evolving institutional context in which it operates an understanding of the modalities of operation is required. Each BHH is given a cow or heifer (average BDT. 16,348 that is provided estrous synchronization and artificial insemination support for twice over the life cycle of the project, facilitating manipulating (controlled) reproduction and timely milk production. Each BHH is provided training on cattle rearing and animal husbandry. The project provided cattle feed support of BDT 385 per month for each BHH for first three months after purchasing of cow/heifer and BDT 425 per month for 4 months in pregnancy period. All relevant cattle health supports (vaccination, de-worming and treatment) through LLWs . The project also organizes skill development of LLWs and AITs through practical AI performing with guidance from Veterinarians. BHHs are also provided train-ing on homestead vegetables and Napier grass production as well as provided the necessary agricultural inputs to get these activities started. Supplemental IGA for depending on the BHH’s existing skill and choice are provide to each BHH worth BDT 1000.

These project modalities also comprise the operation that characterizes the relations with the local government institutions and local line departments which remained more or less constant throughout the lifetime of the project and the working relations have been quite productive, considering the very limited capaci-ties and/or facilities of line departments i.e. Department of Livestock and Local Government

Institutions –union, upazila Parishads. These insti-tutions are keen to extend and intensify their collaboration with the project and the beneficia-ries. The relationship with MJSKS and project beneficiaries was clearly excellent all through. However, the relation with Livestock Department need further deliberate engagement before phasing over the project.

3.4 Assessment of the main components of the projectThe project activities were primarily based on consultations with BHH through group based planning blending with the experiences and lessons gathered from the innovation phase of the project implemented during 2009 to 2012. It was relevant to provide a visible dividend to the BHHs as the activities identified were based on their context, need and to some extent to the skills and experiences of the BHHs. The following assessment covers the most important compo-nents of the project activities. The activities include Income generating and employment production and productivity, income and employment, and IGA activities (main and supplementary).


3.4.1 Demography and organization of Groups It was found in the baseline that there were 5,731 family members in 2,000 households. However, the information in the end line survey is bit wondering that there are 6,228 members in the 1,977 households. This is the net increase of 497 members in the families. The major reasons were birth of the babies and marriage of adult son of the families. It is also found that there are 2,399 regular earning members among families which are 38% of total family members. In addition, around 50% of the women of the BHHs earned money for the families by selling milk, cow dung, egg and poultry.

The project formed 83 groups in three upazilas with 2,000 extreme poor women. The minimum mem-bers in a group are found 19 and the highest is 35. The project has been implemented both in the remote river embankment areas and catchments areas of the Municipality. All the groups had fortnightly issue based meetings. Generally the Field Facilitator facilitates the meeting. All the groups were provided with the resolution khata and pass book for the record keeping. The average presences of the group members in the fortnightly meetings were found 98% that was very inspiring.

3.4.2. Productive Assets of the Households During the end line survey it is revealed that there are 1819 cows exist among 1977 households which were only 14 in 13 house-holds during baseline survey reared on shared basis. The survey also found 1817 calves among the households and the number was also 14 during baseline. The status of goat/sheep are also found 453 which was only 163 during start of the proj-ect which is 278% increase of goat/sheep comparing with the baseline. The survey also found 14,136 poultry which was 2101 at the initial stage of the project. The percentage of increase is 673%. From the FGD with the 172 target people, the review team found that 89% households had 1 cow and 1 calf, 6 % had 3 cows, 4% had 1 cow and 1% target people sold her cow. Among present group members in the FGD there was no death case found their cow.


Table-1: Value of Livestock and Poultry Assets (BDT.) End line Baseline

Average Total Average Total

Cow 29165 53052500 6129 85800 Calf 17406 31626800 3705 74100 Goat / Sheep 3235 1465449 711 115920 Poultry 195 2761968 93 195460 N.B. The value is determined by the target people; not validated in the market

From the end line survey it was found that the average value of cow is BDT 29,165 which was only BDT 6,129 (actually below BDT 3,000 as shared value) during baseline as estimated by the beneficiaries in both cases. The aver-age value of per calf, goat / sheep and poultry birds was found BDT 17,406 BDT. 3235 and BDT 195 respectively. During household visit it was observed that many cross breed cows were transferred from the project that ultimately contrib-uted to increase the average price of the

cattle. The calves are mostly from Shahiwal, Red Shindhi and Friesian with some improve Chittagong breeds those have high market value. The average value of the productive asset particularly is BDT 45,795 as determined by the target beneficiaries (pls. see table-1).

3.4.3. Capacity Development Training for the Beneficiaries The training and upgrading of skills and capacity component in AIDBC project is an essential ingredi-ent for the creation of income and sustainability of the technologies disseminated. From the reports of the project and FGDs with the beneficiaries, it is observed that target people had one day orienta-tion and one day training on livestock rearing. On the other hand, one day training in this highly tech-nology based project, found insufficient in terms of business planning, milk marketing and how to increase fat% in the milk. There was no orienta-tion for the spouse of the group members though they actively participate in taking care of the cow. So, there are needs for further emphasis on specific training especially on the uses tech-nologies, book keeping of savings and bank accounts etc. There is no clear orientation to the groups about the sustainability of groups after ending of the project. The external review team believes that the development and strengthen-ing of leadership capacity in group beneficiaries would be essential to provide strong support to the sustainability of the project (processes and impacts). Further training is required for group management and organisational sustainability.


Fig:Productive asset base of BHHs

14

14

163

2101

1819

1817

14136

453

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000

Cow

Calf

Goat/ sheep

Poultry

Number

Baseline Endline

3.4.4. Maintenance of the Livestock and PoultryIn each of the FGD and visit to individual households, the beneficiaries were asked about the taking care of their IGAs. It was found almost similar response. Almost all the beneficiaries had to buy different kinds of fodder for their cows. It included straw, rice husks, salt, cereal feed, oil cake, etc. Some beneficia-ries bought straw after just harvesting of the paddy as the price was comparatively lower in that time. Interestingly, it was observed that the price of fodder particularly the price of straw go higher during lean period. However, the families who have regular income can buy fodder regularly. The old aged people with no regular income face difficulties to manage fodder. The review team found that 40% the heifer are in ill health/repeat breeder and not feasible for carrying cross breed calves. It was hard to collect green grass during rainy and dry seasons. The group members who were going outside for work, got help from the other members of the families has taken care of their animals. It was found from the FGD that each household need at least BDT 50 to manage fodder daily that become BDT 18,250 annually (pls. see table-2). The project provided support BDT 2855 for the fodder for whole project period. Nevertheless each household had to manage additionally around BDT 30,000 to purchase fodder. For this purpose, they spent money from their regular income and sometimes by selling milk and borrow money from MFIs, VSLA and relatives.

The project also provided the treatment, de-worming, vaccina-tion, vitamin, semen cost to the beneficiaries. When discussing with the beneficiaries in the FGD, they mentioned after phase out of the project, they have to manage all of these cost by their own. Almost 70% beneficiaries in the FGD replied confi-dently to manage fodder and maintenance cost and rest of 30% who did not have regular income replied with confusions. During the 8 months extension of the project from January

2016, special plan and initiatives may arrange to help to capacitate the above mentioned 30% women. The beneficiaries claimed that they did not have any maintenance cost for the goat/sheep and poultry birds, later it was found that there was no budgetary allocation for this purpose. This should be also mentioned that the feeding cost of cross breed cow is around 20-25% higher than the native breed.

3.4.5. Vaccination and Treatment During FGD in 8 groups and HH’s observation it is found that the project ensured the de-worming and vaccination for all the cows through LLWs. However, the project did not provide vaccine to the goat/sheep and poultry as there was no budgetary allocation. The beneficiaries also did not arrange any vaccination for their goat/sheep and poultry from their behalf.

For the vaccination and AI purpose, the project have identified 12 AITs and 12 LLWs from the locality( who were developed by BRAC, GoB Livestock department and CLP) to ensure intensive support and signed agreement for providing intensive support to the AIDBC beneficiaries. The end line survey revealed that there was only 1% (20) death for the cows and 3.3% (64) for the calf. Both the rate is significantly lower than the country average. Therefore, the review team observed that the regular vaccination and treatment of the cattle was timely and accurately and involvement of women is appre-ciable. The government offices supplied timely vaccine, particularly for the Anthrax, BQ, HS and FMD.


‘It is hard to manage food in lean period and at that �me the price of straw also go higher’ -Nasima, Jokria para, Ulipur

Table-2: Daily expenditure for rearing 02 cows 1 Straw (10-15 bunches) 30

2 Rice Husks & wheat husks 15

3 Salt and others 5

Total 50

During KII with the AIT and LLWs, it was found that these people were active at village level before start of the project. They received short training from the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Government livestock department and from different NGOs. However, they are providing support to beneficiaries in a subsidized manner and after withdrawal of project support; the cost for services is not yet fixed. It could be a sudden shock for the beneficiaries. Therefore, the project, the beneficiaries can come to an agreement during extension period for establishing such collaboration. During FGD with the benefi-ciaries and project staff, it was observed that most of the LLW and AIT were fully active and providing satisfactory support to the beneficiaries.

3.4.6. Oestrous Synchronisation by HormoneOestrous synchronisation is an important strategy to improve reproductive management of cattle. The review team observed that the time of heat for the pregnancy of cow was not in time in 40% cases. Several causes were identified by the project staff, beneficiaries and the LLWs. The most important is the unavailability of healthy heifers during purchase. The project had to replace heifers in 25% cases. In addition, around 17% of the cows were provided oestrous hormone for bring them into heat in order to get calves within the stipulated time.

During KII with the AIT and LLWs and the Upazilla Livestock Officer, it is noted that the strategies of oestrous synchronisation is not so suitable considering the context of the beneficiaries due to difficul-ties of fulfilling the pre- conditions particularly the weight and health condition of the cow. Thus the MJSKS has shifted its focus Artificial insemination through improve feed management, health status and bring natural heat was adapted as main strategy. Though one of the envisaged outputs of the proj-ect was that the BHHs adopt the Estrous Synchronization & Artificial Insemination technology was fulfilled partially. Besides, there is a possibility of misuse of oestrous synchronisation by the local AITs beyond the project period if they are not properly regulated. Such regulatory body is absent right now. As this oestrous of hormone is very technical matter and the country does not have enough experi-ence, so the AIT and Government doctors did not have clear idea about the future health hazards both for the cattle and human. Considering Bangladesh context, more research is required in these aspects.


3.4.7. Income from Milk The analysis of the end line survey showed that more than one third of the households sold milk during lean period in 2015. The cow in the rest of the households got pregnant and stopped producing milk before lean period. The average milk production was found 2.1 litres per day from 1 cow and the selling price range was from BDT 30 to BDT 50. Inter-estingly the price of milk fall during lean period and it goes higher during Ramadan. The 40% cross breed cow produced comparatively higher quantity of milk. The beneficiaries reported that they got milk from minimum 5 months to maximum 7 months. After first birth of the calf, the beneficiaries got compara-tively less quantity of milk. For the second birth of the 945 households were getting higher quantity of milk than first birth of the calf.

It was also found that the project took 03 months for BHHs selection and another 5 months were required to complete the purchase of the heifer. Besides over the period, 25% heifers need to replace due to infertility problems. The political unrest in 2014 in the country was also one of the major contributing factors for delayed transfer of assets. Additionally, the healthy heifer/cow that was not always available in the market. In the FGD with the staff, they claimed that several days they had to return back from the market without purchasing any cattle due to shortage of supply. As result, the heifers conceived pregnancy in late and gave birth after lean (Monga) period of 2014. Within the proj-ect period almost half of the 945 cows gave milk 2 times and rest of the cows gave for one time. Never-theless, this unavoidable situation hampered to sale milk during lean period for almost half of cows. On an average each households earned average BDT 2,220 from milk selling on monthly basis during the lean period of 2015 (pls. see table-3).

The project initiated to establish linkage with the BRAC dairy to sale milk. As the BRAC Dairy measured the fat of the milk and paid by counting the fat value, the members were getting comparatively less amount than the local market. Because, the presence of fat in the cross breed of cow is less than the native variety. The project also initiated to develop local milk collectors which was not worked finally as there was huge demand of the milk in the local market. However, the project could not take any initiatives for enhancing the fat content in the milk for example: in the SDVC project of CARE, they initially fought similar problem and later introduce coconut oil as feed mix. They got tremendous result and their farmers can sell milk worth 55 to 60 taka per litre to BRAC Diary in Pabna and Sirajgonj area. The project may organise exposure visit to that areas.


There are around 11,000 cross breed cows in Ulipur upazila. No milk market chain is developed. Considering present livestock policy, Government is not to encourage or discourage the people for oestrous synchronisation. I have partici-pated in several meetings of LLWs and AITs and it seems to me that MJSKS-AIDBC project has helped the poor people to lift out from extreme poverty. MJSKS should provide the list of the beneficiaries to Livestock department, so the department may provide support in need after project withdrawal. – Abdul Aziz Prodhan, ULO, Ulipur, Kurigram.

Table-3: Status of Milk Selling during lean period of 2015

Par�culars November October September Nos. HHs sold 655 723 795

Average Value of Milk

2,127 2234 2299

Total Value 1,393,095 1,615,425 1,827,690

Most of the milk seller mentioned that they bought feed for the cows and calves with the money they got received from milk selling. From the FGDs, it is further revealed that the beneficiaries did not consider the cattle as day to income sources as the marketing channel was not devel-oped rather they consider it as an accumulated savings which they could not save if they do not have the cow. They also treated the cow as pride and an object of mental peace and entertainment. However, it is clear that unless having a clear business development and marketing plan, the market would be distorted soon in Ulipur that might discour-age the dairy farmers in the long term.

3.4.8. Income from selling of Cow dung It was observed during household visit that the beneficiaries use the cow dung to produce home-stead vegetable. The end line survey revealed that around 25% of the households sold cow dung during lean period of 2015 and earned BDT 413,180. The 100 percent beneficiaries reported that they used this money to buy fodder for their cows (pls. see table-4).

3.4.9. Income from the Supplementary Assets The project transferred supplementary assets to the all of the 1999 households to make rapid income and to meet the nutritional requirements. This includes duck/hen and vegetable seeds. A total of 4%, 77% and 45% households sold goat/sheep, duck/hen and eggs during September to November 2015 respec-tively. The average income of per house-holds found BDT 295. The total income from the supplementary assets is 1,829,309 for 3 months is 5.0% of the total income and did not meet the target of the logical framework (8%). A total of 175 households sold their calves to meet the crisis during lean period (Table-5). From the FGDs, all the members replied that they took eggs, chicken and vegetables to meet the nutritional requirements. The CPKs always encouraged household members to consume the production from different supple-mentary assets. It was found that 245 (12%) households did not have any poultry and 332 (16%) house-holds have below 4 chicken/ducks. Vaccination was not done for any poultry or small ruminants by the project due to non-budgetary aspects. Although the project did not transfer any goat/sheep, the survey found that 235 households have 453 goat / sheep. The vegetable garden and pits are rarely observed by the review team during households’ visits.


If I can’t sleep at night. I got down from the cot and switch the lantern. I see my cows and touch them for long �me and talk. I found mental peace and happiness by taking with them. These are my future-------

Maneka Begum, Bishwarup Moddhya para

Table-4: Cow dung sale during lean period in 2015

Par�culars November October September Nos. HHs sold 556 535 409

Nos. HHs not sold

1422 1443 1569

Average Value 330.29 312.81 152.06 Total value 183640 167350 62190

Table-5: Income from the Supplementary Assets from September to November 2015 Value of

sold goat/sheep

Value of sold Poultry

Value of Sold Eggs

Value of sold vegetables

Number Households

71 1524 894 106

Average Value 2746 669 597 767 Total Price 195000 1019655 533354 81,300

3.4.10. Loan and Savings at the households The project introduced VSLA (Village Savings and Loan Association) in the all groups. The beneficiaries bought shares of VSLA and deposit (01-05 share) BDT 20 for each share fortnightly. On an aver-age each members deposited BDT 300 by this time. However, from September to November 1923 members deposited BDT 246,740 to the VSLA and the average amount is BDT 128.30. All the groups sanc-tioned loan from the VSLA to the members. Each member received BDT 1,000 as loan and was paying back with fortnightly instalment. In the FGD, the loan receivers from the VSLA men-tioned that they used this loan to buy fodder for their cattle. It is strongly recommended that the loan money from the VSLA should invest in productive work than buy only fodder. The end line survey found that 70 households had loan amounting to BDT 393,200 taken from the MFIs which is also a sign of increased social capital of the extreme poor women.

3.4.11. Nutrition


The project initiated a series of activities for the improvement of nutritional status of the below 2 years old children, adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating mothers. The evaluation team observed that 28 children (13-24 months) received de-worming suspension and 18 children (25-60 months) received de-worming tablets in the visited groups. The adolescent girls, breastfeed-

ing mothers and pregnant women received the Iron-Folic Acid tablets. The review team also observed that all the children from the 7 months to 60 months received micro nutrient powder within suggested interval. The CPKs provided intensive training for comprehensive breast feed-ing.

Table-6: Nutri�on component items delivery status Category of beneficiaries Nos. of beneficiaries

Visited Nos. of services received

Name of services

Children (13-24 m.) 28 (11%) 81 De-worming suspension Children (7-24 m.) 21 (8%) 1281 Micro Nutrient Powder Children (25-60 m.) 18 (8%) 1085 Micro Nutrient Powder Children (25-60 m.) 18 (8%) 72 De-worming tablets Adolescent Girls 43 (8%) 172 De-worming tablets Breast Feeding Mother 12 (6%) 48 De-worming tablets Pregnant Women 4 (2%) 380 Iron Folic Acid Tablets Breast Feeding Mother 12 (5%) 960 Iron Folic Acid Tablets Adolescent Girls 43 (8%) 3890 Iron Folic Acid Tablets

3.4.12. Status of the Household Assets The end line survey composed the information of the household based assets. It is observed that the users of mobile phone has increased significantly than the information of the baseline and the present number of users are 1106 which was only 175 during start of the project. A total of 42 households have bought the television during end line survey which was only 02 during collection of baseline informa-tion. The increase of other households’ assets is also found significant. The respondents of 413 house-holds claimed they have ornaments of gold worth of BDT 31,59,800 (average BDT 7,650). People had the sufficient blanket to use in the winter (pls. see table-7).

3.4.13. Non-agricultural Productive Assets


Table-7:Status of Households assets End line Baseline Par�culars

Nos. of asset

Average Total value Nos. of assets

Average Total value

TV 42 4,809 202,000 2 1,150 2,300 Mobile Phone 1,106 927 1,025,440 175 631 110,420 Bi-Cycle 307 2,401 737,300 76 835 61,810 Trunk/box 1,597 889 1,420,360 1,236 234 289,370 Dressing Table 961 1,540 1,479,900 733 113 82,924 Fan 77 964 74,200 5 280 3,900 Gold 413 7,650 3,159,800 244 676 164,860 Silver 242 330 80,020 14 507 7,100 Blanket 2,960 170 505,251 1,512 70 106,036 Almirah 71 2,487 176,600 51 890 45,340 Chair 1,631 398 649,500 720 105 75,025 Ma�ress 826 745 615,450 427 113 48,005 Cooking utensils 20,924 135 2,845,290 15,251 35 527,098

Table-8: Non agricultural Produc�ve Assets End line Baseline HHs with

Assets % of HHs Total Value HHs with

Assets % of HHs Total Value

Rickshaw 160 8 708,100 45 2 116,500 Boat 0 0 0 10 0.5 4,400 Sewing Machine 25 1.2 122,000 8 0.4 12,000 Agricultural tools 1,735 88 601,612 1,616 80 147,905 Fishing net 360 18 134,726 27 1.35 5,480 Working tools of skilled labour

103 5.15 34,400 53 2.65 1,950

The end line survey showed 8% target households owned Rickshaws which was only 2% in the base-line period. The ownership of sewing machine is also increased from the 0.4% to 1.2%. A total of 14% households are involved in small scale trading at village level. The nature of small trading included grocery shop, pitha making, hawker etc. 18% households owned fishing nets. The survey also found 5.15% of skilled workers have their own tools to use in different income earning activities.

3.4.14. Households’ Income from Agricultural and other sourcesThe end line survey revealed that only 29 (1.5%) households have the production from the rice that worth BDT 1,50,300 and the average was BDT 5183. A total of 11 and 18 households produced jute and potato respectively. Only 6% people lives on the catching fish (table-9).

The end line survey also revealed that the most of the income was earned from the formal/informal jobs and 37% HHs were involved. A total of 54% of the households had the occupation to work as employee. From September to November, they earned on an average BDT 2,468. The survey also showed that the second source of income was rickshaw and 32% households were involved. 20% households had the occupation of small business. Importantly, 11% households had the migrated member and their average income is less than the other profession like rickshaw pulling, day labourer and business in the locality (table-10).

3.4.15. Monthly Income The end line survey found that 1977 targeted households earned monthly average BDT 6,067 during lean period which is 540% increase of the baseline information. The actual income considering non-lean period could be much higher. The major contributing source of income is mostly daily wage labour and different occupations which are followed by selling of milk and income from supplemen-tary assets. This amount is the addition of the net income of the target people and inflation of the macro economy. Due to inflation in the economy the purchase capacity of the people decrease com-pare with the base year. Here, in the project the base year was considered 2013 and decrease of purchase capacities is calculated for 3 years.


Table-9: Income from the Agricultural Sector from September to November 2015 Paddy Jute Wheat vegetable Potato Fish Others Others Total Nos. of Household 29 11 0 106 18 113 14 5 Average Value 5183 2091 0 767 2500 3770 3664 2980 Total Value 150300 23000 0 81300 45000 425950 51300 14900 791750

Table-10: Income from different occupa�ons from September to November 2015 Sale of skill

& service Rickshaw Formal /

informal job Business In country

migra�on as day labor

Abroad Others

Number of Households

1076 630 728 388 219 5 924

Average Income 2468 4863 4542 5267 3442 13200 2050 Total Income 2655580 3063500 3306550 2043550 753700 66000 1894763

However, following Bangladesh Bank inflation adjustment method, the present monthly total income of the target people found as 11,994,637 X (1 + 6.35%)3 = 14,427,782. The gross amount increased due to inflation is BDT 2,431,146. Therefore after inflation adjustment, net monthly average income is BDT 11,994,637–2,431,146 = 9,561,491= BDT. 4,836. Comparing with the baseline income, the increment is 430%. Therefore, the per capita/day income is BDT 64 (Gross) and the inflation adjusted per capita / day income is BDT 49. The average monthly income of the 2000 HHs were 1,124 and the per capita/day income was BDT 13.19.

N.B. Formula to calculate Inflation: Present Value * (1+% inflation) number of years = Future Amount – present value (2013 is the base year and the average inflation rate is calculated 6.35% by CPI, Bangla-desh Bank). =to the power.

The analysis of the end line showed that still 4.8% households is strug-gling and could not graduate which was 99.7% households in the baseline report (table-12). Therefore it is found that 95% households have crossed the target to increase over 60% of their income. The maximum 56% household members are earning BDT 5,001 to BDT 20,000. The endline survey also found that 31.6% HHs earned more than BDT 20,000 in lean period (Table-12).


Table-12: Income range comparison of the BHHs End line Base line Income Range # of

Households Percent # of

Households Percent

0-1000 68 3.4 627 31.35 1001-2000 29 1.4 1367 68.35 2001-3000 43 2.1 6 0.30 3001-5000 89 4.5 0 0.00 5001-10000 353 17.8 0 0.00 10001-15000 433 21.9 0 0.00 15001-20000 337 17 0 0.00 > 20000 625 31.6 0 0.00 Total 1977 100 2000 100.00

Table-11: Monthly Income and major source of income Milk Cow

dung Supplementary assets including calves sale value

Agricultural sector

Different occupa�ons

Day Labourer

Total in 3 months of lean period

Monthly average income end line

Monthly average Baseline

Infla�on adjusted increment

4,836,210 413,184 5,377,209 791,750 15,468,413 90, 97, 150 35,983,912 6,067 1,124 430%

3.4.16. Investment by the householdsThe analysis of the end line information further revealed that a total of 1,222 (62%) households invested on an aver-age BDT 2,707 for cultivation in the mortgaged or land and 60% house-holds invested in the production of crops in the shared or leased land. All the 1977 households in the project have little investment i.e. average BDT 793 in different sectors. 61% households also invested little money in the small business (Table-13). 3.4.17 Women empowerment The evaluation team observed that 100% target people of the project were female. Over the period, the female target people become the owner of the assets. All most all women participants informed the review team about their better family and social standing as compared to earlier time. They feel that they are now more honoured and respected as an important and viable contributor to the family economy and as skilled and knowledgeable member of the community they live in.As a result, the importance of the female members increased in the families and opened scope to participate in the decision making process. It was also observed that the mother of the school going children were aware about to send their children to the schools. According to FGD findings, above 80% were present in the market during purchase of the cows. In addition, around 70% of the women go to market and purchase different household items and need by their choice. 38% of the interviewed members responded that they sold their produced milk in the market. The maximum members in the groups are aware about the nutrition aspects, violence against women, dowry, early marriage and services from the Union Parishad. Now the beneficiaries are able to identify symptoms of the diseases of the cattle and communicated directly with the AIT, LLW and project livestock officer. 3.4.18. Partnership and Linkage From the inception of the project, regular communication is maintained with local Upazilla and District level offices along with local Union Parishads. The Project Manager participated in the GO-NGO coordi-nation meetings regularly. The review team has also participated in an exit meeting of the project on 13th December at the Sadar Upazilla of Kurigram where the UNO, ULO and UP chairman participated. In addition, discussions were held with the Chairman and member of the Union Parishads. The local elected representatives are quite happy with the project support. Vaccines for the cattle were collected from the Upazilla Livestock Offices. The Veterinary surgeon and the Upazilla Livestock Officers partici-pated in the capacity building training for the staff and LLW & AIT. Semen are mostly collected from BRAC livestock programme. Alongside, the project was visited by the high officials of the relevant min-istries and Departments of the Bangladesh government as well as by the representatives of the differ-ent national and International development agencies. They appreciated the project modalities and found as an effective instruments for reducing extreme poverty of the country. Moreover, several under graduate students of Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University did their internship. The project has engaged with the teachers of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) namely (01) Professor Dr. M. Golam Shahi Alam, Department of Surgery & Obstetrics and (02) Professor Dr. M. Ali Akbar, Department of Animal Nutrition during staff capacity development training particularly in tha area of reproduction especially on the benefits of Oestrous Synchronization & artificial insemination; problems of reproduction in cattle, basic husbandry practice and nutritional requirements of cattle (especially cow, heifer & cross breed calves). The project maintained relationship with the teachers throughout project period.


Table-13: Investment during project period mortgaged

Land Shared/ leased land

Business investment

Other investment

Number of HHs

1222 1195 1208 1977

Average investment

2707.23 8.37 132.73 793.39

Total investment

3308238 10000 160340 1568529

3.5. Relevance and AppropriatenessThe project as a whole is of highly relevant to the beneficiaries because it meets their priority needs. This has been strongly expressed by the beneficiaries and verified by their active participation during the review process. The participating women, representatives from the Union Parishads, Livestock Offices and MJSKS also agree on the relevance of the project to the long term poverty reduction. The project is reducing food insecurity and child malnutrition levels through the income generating com-ponents and this was particularly important to women. In the project area, the extreme poor women do not have the productive assets. However, the project ensured the productive assets and women are the owner of it. The livelihood of the population is highly dependent on livestock production, but livestock productivity is too low to be able to sustain their livelihoods. Thus, improvement on livestock production through increased feed, synchronisation, artificial insemination and effective disease control is of the greatest relevance to the population in the project area.

The concept of the project was very innovative considering the context of the country. Particularly using of the estrous synchronization technology that the cows would give birth before the lean period and people meet their requirement by selling milk. As the people of Kurigram face lean period due to unavailability of the works, therefore the idea to increase income in that period was very generous and enthusiastic though it was not fully achieved due to various reasons.

The idea to transfer supplementary assets was also very effective to have regular income to meet the nutritional requirements for the family members and to manage fodder for the cattle. The project also transferred de-worming tablets, MNP and IFA tablets to the target people and the counseling by the project staff/CPK on CBF and complimentary feeding practices contributed to improved health.

The introduction of the VSLA activities ensured opportunities to foster the habit of savings and easy access to get small amount of loan. The organization and activities of groups contributed to increase solidarity among members. The activities of the groups are also ensured the leadership capacities of the target people.


Union Parishad does not have such big amount to support poor beneficia-ries. The support of MJSKS is very appreciative as the extreme poor of the community have gained productive assets. Though the marketing of milk is not properly done as well as managing fodder is difficult for them, but they manage fodder by savings from their daily income and gradually the savings amount accumulated in the 2-3 cows. It is a great success. - Harun or Rashid, Tabakpur Union Parishad, Panel Chairman

3.6. Effectiveness

The AIDBC project significantly contributes in achieving the outcomes considering the economic empowerment aspects. Each BHHs received productive assets, inputs and associated skills for their income generation purpose. In addition, supplementary IGA support was allocated for continuous income for their respective family. Individual savings habit was developed. Through different training, orientation, meetings the beneficiary were capable to build their assets and to protect it. They became aware on their rights base issues and able to claim those efficiently. During the period, the groups of the BHHs developed functional relationships with GO NGO and private service providers, to receive their services. Detail graduation criteria are given bellow:

The target BHHs directly increases their income and subsistence production and thus improves their food security, income, employment and nutritional situation and is verified by following indicators:- 95% households overcome extreme poverty - 95% households increased income over 60%- The total productive asset values stands at BDT. 90536405- The average value of the productive asset is BDT. 45,795. 83% HHs have at least 2 cows. 95.80% cattle gave birth at least 01 calf over the project period.- 85% HHs added 5% income from the supplementary IGAs- Average milk production was 2.1 litre for 7 months period- 100% heifer artificially inseminated- 17% calves born by Synchronized heifer and 83% borne from naturally heated heifer- 100% (total 220) breasting feeding mothers practices EBF - 90% breasting feeding mothers practiced complementary feeding- 100% U-2 and U-5 children consumed MNPs- 100% pregnant women, breast feeding mother and adolescent girls consumed iron and folic acid tablets- 100% adolescent girls, children & family members received anathematic (de-worming tablets)- 82% HHs installed pit latrines and hygiene practices are improved

However, the specific objective of the component to increase livestock productivity and milk produc-tion through synchronization and artificial insemination throughout the project has not been fully achieved. Around 50% households did not get milk during lean period due to delay purchase of the heifer. After 15 months of inception of the project, the beneficiaries started to get first production of the milk. Thus the objective of the project to earn additional money from the selling of milk is achieved partially. On the other hand, 95.80% BHHs got at least one calf and additional 255 HHs have got 255 calves for 2nd time. In addition, more than 67% cows were found pregnant those will give birth within next few months. However, the resource base of productive assets and income has significantly increased.

The review found that the income of the supplementary assets were only 5% instead of 8% planned in the logical framework. The factor seemed that the project team gave more concentration on cow/heifer rearing. For example, the team found that no training was provided supplementary IGAs. They only discuss the emergency issues concerning duck/hen rearing in fortnightly group meetings.


The specific objective anticipated to be achieved was to introduce synchronization and artificial insemination in the project area. The 83% of heifer/cow were heated naturally and inseminated by artificial semen and only 17% heifer/cow were heated by hormone and inseminated by artificial semen. The objective is almost achieved. The review team found that the objective of the VSLA achieved in the project. The beneficiaries are depositing fortnightly savings and the information is updated in the passbook. Small loans are disbursed as per the rules of the VSLA. The objectives of the nutrition components are fully achieved. The review found that the beneficiaries were received services like de-worming, CBF and MNPs.

Considering the situation, it can be mentioned that though the project could not reach the main thrust fully i.e. to contribute in coping up with the Monga Period, however, it was able to build a huge resource base and mental happiness among the household’s members which will certainly pay dividend to fight any future crisis period.


90,536,405.00

762,305.00

3.7. Efficiency

Start of the project: As the project planned to ensure birth of the calves during lean period therefore the timely start of the project was very important. The review team observed that selection of the ben-eficiaries was taking a bit longer time than planned. Therefore the transfer of the assets was also delayed.

Heifer/cow component: As the selection process was delayed therefore, the start of purchase of heifer/cow also got delayed. Additionally the political unrest in the country in early 2014 and unavail-ability of the quality heifer/cow were also major reasons for delay. So, the implementation was affected almost for 3 months. The allocated budget was not adequate to procure required size of heifer as com-pared to the expected level of benefit and growth rate. The actual costs of heifer/cows were much higher than the planned resulting into additional contribution from the BHHs which was bit difficult for the extreme poor people (project contribution was average BDT16,348 and the average purchase price of cow was BDT 18,093). The benefit from milk was partially achieved but not the anticipated level of cash income. The number of cross breed cows should have been higher to make the component financially feasible.

The review team also calculated the cost of the fodder for each household and found much higher than planned. The baseline information showed that people did not have cultivable land, so there was no possibility to manage straw or rice husks. Therefore, each household had to spend a lot of money for buying fodder .

Supplementary Assets component: In this component, progress was achieved less than planned. The costs and resources utilization of the component was done as per plan. In some activities such as procurement of chicks and distribution of vegetable seeds got delay. Chick’s mortalities were moder-ate given the inadequate vaccination and unfavorable local conditions. The survey was also found that 235 households have 453 goat / sheep. It was found that 245 (12%) households did not have any poul-try and 332 (16%) households had below 4 chicken/ducks. However, they earned a significant amount from supplementary assets i.e. BDT.1,829,309 during lean period. The target beneficiaries were provided vegetable seeds. The vegetable cultivation was not deliberately promoted. Thus the cultiva-tion was rarely seen in the homesteads of BHHs and the practice found in traditional manner. There was no household space planning or planned vegetable cultivation due to narrow and shady home-stead.

Nutrition Component: The review team found that the designed services of the nutrition component to the below 2 and 5 years old children, adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating mothers are efficiently done. The project delivered the activities and distributed MNP, de-worming tablets and IFA tablets timely.

Women Empowerment and Gender: The project included 100% women as target member and orga-nized under 83 groups. The leadership, decision making and facilitation skills of the group leaders increased. Surprisingly, the percentage of presence in the fortnightly meeting was 98%. The project conducted regular issue based discussion and kept all the records of the groups. The beneficiaries felt honored to become the owner of productive assets.


Project management and coordination: The Director of MJSKS is structurally responsible for overall management and implementation of the program. The technical staff enhanced the technical assis-tance as and where required. MJSKS higher management visited the field randomly to observe the overview of the program activities and provided appropriate direction and suggestion as and when required. The Program Manager arranged meeting with all the program staff to review the progress. The strategic communication with Shiree was done by the higher management of MJSKS and techni-cal communication was done by the project management. However, the understanding of marketing and business development among staff member and management need further improvement. In addition, considering the target group (all are women), inequality in deploying the women staff mem-bers in the project implementation.

Regarding budget utilization, 96% burn rate is observed against the total budget of BDT 71,498,266 of which majority unspent is lying with direct delivery component i.e. BDT 2,064,000 out of total unspent of BDT 2,450,663 excluding the nutrition component budget. This unspent from direct delivery com-ponent could be presumed and directed to uplifting the 4.8% non graduate BHHs with due approval from shiree. Hopefully, this amount would be utilized in the no cost extension period over next 08 months.

3.8. Value for Money (VFM)

The assessment of VFM in the project is involved examining each of the 3 elements of VFM (economy, efficiency, effectiveness), identifying the links among them and drawing conclusions based on evidence like asset transfer to the households are assesses about how well they perform together. It also includes the cost benefit analysis, budget Vs expenditure, the project contribution to beneficiary livelihoods, per BHHs expenditure and spillover effect in asset and income generation at BHHs level etc. The specific analyses are as follows:

Cost Benefit Analysis: The review team checked the input of per cost during field visit. It was found that each BHHs received BDT 22,974 including price of cow, supplemen-tary asset, fodder and treatment, insemination cost etc. The project spent BDT 8,456 as transaction cost for delivering the planned services effectively and efficiently. Therefore per BHHs cost stands at BDT 31,430. From the analysis of the present value of the productive assets of the households, it is found that the value of the assets is average BDT 45,795. So with an initial investment of BDT 22,974 at BHHs level, the project helped the BHHs to gain BDT 22,821 (45795-22,974) as gross amount. Considering the overall expenditure of project against a BHH, the net contri-bution is BDT 14,365 (45795-31430) in addition to the expenditures the BHHs made from the income gained from milk, cow dung, selling of supplementary for maintaining daily livelihood expenditure. Thus the project money is effectively and efficiently utilizing the VFM concept .


Table-14: Unit project cost for 1 ca�le Price of principle ca�le 16,348 Supplementary assets 1,000 Direct delivery- s�pend, de-worming, vaccina�on, AI, fodder, seeds, treatment & others

5,166

Indirect delivery- training, mee�ng, group materials etc.

460

Total cost 22,974 Project delivery cost 8,456 Total 31,430

Project contribution to the livelihood of the Beneficiaries: The significant and visible impact of the project is that the target people become owner of the assets and can individually manage them. The value of productive assets is increased from BDT 762,305 to BDT 90,536,405. The per capita /day income increased from 13 to 64 BDT. (without inflation adjustment) The overall mobility and decision making process of the women is increased. So the project have noteworthy contribution in the liveli-hood of the target people.

Expenditure at the HHs and Spillover Effect: The review team observed that the 62% households invested their income to take mortgaged land after consumption and meeting daily necessities. Around 61% households in the project invested money in the shared/leased land and as well as in the small business. These investments contributed significantly to increase the per capita / day income of the beneficiaries. It was also observed that the target people are committed to continue the existing IGAs and to invest more money in the business. The introduction of the VSLA activities also increased the opportunity to get quick and simple loan. Considering the above mentioned exploration, the team concluded that the project ensured the value for money concept throughout the implementation of the project.

Budget Vs Expenditure: The total budget of the project was BDT 71,498,266. In the year-1, 2 and 3 the project spent BDT 47,672,907, 14,611,186 and 6,763,510 respectively. At end of the December 2015, the project spent 96.57% (BDT. 69,047,603) of budgeted amount. The project will have around 3.43% unspent. Therefore, the observation of the review team is that the project efficiently implemented within the approved budget.

3.9. Sustainability The sustainability of project impacts should always be given serious thought, particularly in the extreme poor social context in which many factors outside the project context play vital roles. The critical issue here is largely the appropriateness of the selected interventions to the beneficiary households: if the interventions are appropriate, the term ‘appropriate’ including here its suitability to a wide range of factors, including environmental, socio-economic and cultural/customary issues that may influence beneficiaries’ decision making processes to adopt or reject. The other most important issues are the organizational/institutional aspects beyond the project phase including sustainable streams of available service deliveries and continued capacity building. Although many programs have good intention to develop and are working on an effective mechanism is yet to evolve. Overall, sustain-ability of the programmes found high in terms of economic empowerment, with around 100% of ben-eficiaries stating that they planned to continue with the rearing of cattle and ensure the treatment and other cost initiated by the AIDBC project after the end of the project. The LLWs are active in the locality and they reported that this is their profession. As a result the target people will get continuous support. Though the cash support of the project for fodder is stopped, some target people started to think to invest some money to take land mortgage that they can manage fodder, particularly the straw. The target people are prepared to take over the overall responsibility of the village loan system.

The only activity where a small number of beneficiaries said they would not continue the oestrous synchronisation after end of the programme. The Upazila Livestock Officer mentioned more research is required on the technology in Bangladesh context as Government does not have the research in the country. A sustainable market for selling milk is established. The additional supply of the milk from the 2000 households did not have impact. However, during lean period, the price of the milk goes lowest and in Ramadan it goes highest.


I had strong desire to rear a cow. Nobody gave me even on shared basis. Now I am the owner of 3 ca�le and 21 poultry. It would be around BDT 60,000 –

70,000. The project made my dream true _ Aduri, Jokria para

It is anticipated that the MJSKS will shift the main responsibility to the respective Union Parishads and Department of Livestock. There are formal treaties between each project working Union Parishads and MJSKS on taking the overall responsibility of the project participating beneficiary households after closing of the project.

4. Innovations and Lessons learned1. Systamatic implementation of of artficial insemination with the semen of cross breed bull found as an effective mechnaism for breed development of an area within short time.2. Seperate feeding practices for preganant cow, calves and milking cow showed very good result and adapted by the poor farmers as they found it profitable.3. Community and beneficiaries have introduced two mengers (one for feed and one for water) for small dairy farm that resulted good health maintainnance of the cow and calves.4. Target groups are well known about the services of local service providers i.e. AI technicians and LLWs and keen to receive such support in continuous manner.5. The AI techncians and LLWs have created sustainable income sources by selling their skills and advice, which found as a very good secondary impact of the project for employment genegration. 6. The project modalities have contributed in transforming the daily miscelenneous expenditure of the target BHHs into an accumulated savings to cattle amounting of BDT. 45,795.7. The target BHHs have understood the importance and imapact of the micro-nutrients, iron folic Acid and anthelmatic tablets for the children & women & praticing those from own internalisation. 8. The target BHHs need to have orientaton on fat content enhacement mechanism, which was lack in the project processes.9. During delivery of cross breed cows, the pull out of uterus along with calf (prolapse of uterus) is observed in many cases which is difficult to manage by the poor beneficiaries. 10. It is found that the BHHs have less oriented about the business and market system of the dairy value chain thus they did not produce their milk in a market orientation manner.11. The project would be more effective if the BHHs are linked with appropriate milk market channel otherwise local milk market distortion may happen.12. Cross breed calves require much milk after birth and consequtive two-three months, thus famers could not sell much milk to the market. They had to manage supplimentary feed for the calves in addition to the milk of the mother cow which was supported by the project. After withdrwal of the project, these will be difficult for the poor BHHs to maintain.13. For cross breed cows and calves, feed and fodder requirement is high and the poor dairy farmers of the peri-urban areas and municipality areas face difficulties in manging fodder.

5. Recommendations - The training on maintenance of IGAs may increase for 3 days including 1 day refreshers training in the 2nd and 3rd year of the project including the business development planning.- The project/implementing organization may continue local (Upazila & District) level advocacy activities to the relevant Government research bodies to conduct more research/study on the impact of hormone used in estrous synchronization both in human and animal health.- AITs and LLWs need to bring under a regulatory body of the government to maintain quality and cost effective services. Upazila base association can be developed for the purpose. Local Livestock Department officials may have dialogue with the competent authority for the purpose.


- If the estrous synchronization is being promoted, the AITs need to be regular updated about improvement of the technologies, process as well as the policies of the government.

- The beneficiaries may be capacitated to claim services from the local government livestock offices directly that they may continue after phase out of the project.

- More advocacy work is needed at national and regional level to increase the personnel’s in the Livestock department particularly in the poorer districts as the poor people are now becoming the cattle rarer due to lack of land base property. They need updated information and technology.

- Exposure visit can be organized in SDVC project area of CARE for understanding the process of enhancing fat content in the milk as well as the marketing mechanism.

- Upon considering the above mentioned recommendations, the “AIDBC Project Model” can be expanded in other poverty prone areas with similar socio-economic and geographic context of the country.

- The review team recommend to MJSKS to develop business plan at household level and aware the BHHs to link with sustainable milk marketing channel.

6. Conclusions The project has achieved most of its objectives to the expected extent at the time of evaluation. The findings of the evaluation of the project management cycle indicates that the project is expected to be socially, financially, technically and environmentally sustainable. The intervention of the project ensured 2-3 cattle i.e. small farm in 83% households. Before start of the project these extreme poor households did not have any assets. Now they feel so secure. A total 9% households sold their cattle or calves and invested the capital money to take mortgaged land or to small business. These ensured rice for few months to the beneficiaries and as well as fodder for the cattle that ultimately increased the diversification of the IGAs. The savings activities in each group have opened an opportunity to take loan to the target people. People started to take small amount of loan from this fund. In future, the ben-eficiaries can manage their own capital that will help them to increase the diversified IGAs.

The involvement of the women has recognized the important role that the project plays to improve their livelihoods. The households involved in the Poultry, Goat/sheep and Cattle rearing have increased their incomes to the extent expected at the time of review. The poultry and vegetable production have improved family nutrition. However the indication of the impact or the extent to which the project is to contribute towards the goals of achieving food security, poverty reduction and institutional capac-ity was in place.

Finally, the review team does not think that a complex issue like pre-requisites of oestrous synchronisa-tion and marketing can be resolved within one or two intervention periods as it is more complex than one can imagine. MJSKS management and relevant competent authorities will hopefully adapt flexible approaches considering pragmatic issues before expanding the project.



Annexes

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Annex-1: Achievement against the logical framework targets Project title: Artificial Insemination in Dairy and Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project (Duration: July 2013-December 2015)

IMPACT Indicator 1 Baseline 2015 Planned Less than 10.9% below the lower poverty line

(Household Income Expenditure Survey(HIES) of Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics -2015)

The proportion of people living in extreme poverty in line with MDG targets

Achieved HIES 2015 result is not yet published Indicator 2 Target 2015

Planned Less than 33% of children are underweight

Government of Bangladesh MDG targets 1 and 2 on income poverty reduction and hunger achieved by 2015

The prevalence of underweight children under 5 years (6-59 months) of age

Achieved Not measured by the review team

OUTCOME (Livelihood)

Outcome Indicator 1 Target 2015

Planned 90% target households overcome extreme poverty

0% target households overcome extreme poverty

Achieved 95% households overcome extreme poverty Outcome Indicator 2 Target 2015

Planned 80% target households increased 60% income compare to baseline income

% target households with increased income Achieved 95% households increased income over 60%

Outcome Indicator 3 Target 2015 Planned 80% BHHs owned standing value of cattle

BDT 55,000 approximately

2635 extreme poor and their households have sustainably eliminated hunger during monga period Intermediate: Extreme poor HHs have developed small holder dairy farms while estrous synchronization adopted by wider community.

% target households profitably operate livestock enterprises. Achieved The average value of the cattle is 45,795 in

the 96.5% HHs. 83% HHs have at least 2 cows.

Outcome (Nutrition)


Planned 85% of targeted breastfeeding mothers practicing EBF by end of year 2 (National average +21 %, number of EBF mother 92).

% of targeted mothers of infants 0-5 months exclusively breastfeeding (as per WHO definition) Achieved 100% (total 220) breasting feeding mothers

practices EBF Outcome Indicator 2 Target 2015

Planned 65% of targeted breastfeeding mothers practicing CF by end of year 2 (number of children 204).

% of targeted mothers of children 6-23 months practicing appropriate complementary feeding (as per WHO definition)

Achieved 90% breasting feeding mothers practiced complementary feeding

Outcome Indicator 3 Target 2015 Planned 90% U-2 children (6-23 months) consuming

MNPs (283 children under 2) and 95 % U-5 children anthelmintic (634 children 12 - 59 month) by end of year 2.

% of targeted U-2 children (6-23 months) consuming Micronutrient Supplement (MNS) and 95% children 12-59 months consuming anthelmintic (de-worming)

Achieved 100% U-2 and U-5 children consumed MNP


Improved nutritional status of targeted under-2 children, adolescent girls (10-16 years) and pregnant & lactating women of 2635 extreme poor households.

% of targeted pregnant and breastfeeding women consuming iron and folic

Planned 90% (98 BF women) consuming iron and folic acid by end of year 3. 90% (89 Pregnant women) consuming iron and folic acid by end of

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year 2. acid

Achieved 100% breast feeding and pregnant women consumed iron and folic acid tablets

Outcome Indicator 5 Target 2015 Planned 90% (84 pregnant women) consuming

anathematic by end of year 2. % of targeted pregnant women consuming anthelmintic (de-worming tablets)

Achieved 00% pregnant women consumed anthelmintic (de-worming tablets) as instruction from Shiree the project did not provide any anthelmintic tablets

Outcome Indicator 6 Target 2015 Planned 90% (474 girls) consuming IFAs and 95 % (501

adolescent girls) anthelmintic by end of year2 % of targeted adolescent girls consuming iron and folic acid and anthelmintic Achieved 100% girls and adolescent girls consumed

anthelmintic Outcome Indicator 7 Target 2015

Planned 4 % reduction In Year 2 (cumulative) % reduction in diarrhea among targeted children < 5 years of age over a 30 day period

Achieved 20% reduced

OUTPUT 1 Indicator-1 Target 2015 Planned 95% targeted HHs owned 2-3 prosperous

livestock % targeted HHs owning healthy livestock, at least one cow Achieved 83% HHs owned 2-3 cows

Indicator-2 Target 2015 Planned less than 1% cow/heifer and less than 2%

calves Rate of mortality of livestock

Achieved 1% in cow/heifer and 3.3% in calves Indicator-3 Target 2015

Planned 80% target HHs added 8% income from supplementary IGAs

% target HHs added income from supplementary IGAs Achieved 85% HHs added 5% income from the

supplementary IGAs Indicator-4 Target 2015

Planned Average 1.8 liter milk production per day/cattle for 7 months period

Reproductively sound cows/heifers and immediate support for cattle rearing and supplementary IGAs distributed to targeted extreme poor households.

Rate of milk production

Achieved Average production was 2.1 liter for 7 months period

OUTPUT 2 Indicator 1 Target 2015 Planned 100% heifer artificially inseminated % heifers estrous

synchronization and % cow/heifer heated naturally

Achieved 100% heifer artificially inseminated

Indicator 2 Target 2015 Planned 70% calf born by synchronized heifer

90 % calf born from naturally heated heifers

Estrous synchronization and Artificial Insemination technology disseminated to direct and indirect beneficiaries.

Rate of calf birth

Achieved 17% calves born by Synchronized heifer and 83% borne from naturally heated heifer

OUTPUT 3 Indicator 1 Target 2015 Improved access to Number of milk collectors Planned More than one milk collector from each

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village selected and trained for remunerative milk marketing.

trained and involved in milk marketing Achieved No milk collector continued business with

the target people Indicator 2 Target 2015

Planned 60% of target household availed fair price of produced milk.

remunerative milk marketing

% of target households availed fair price of produced milk that is at least equal to the average market price

Achieved 80% HHs availed fair price of selling milk

OUTPUT-4 Output Indicator 1 Target 2015 Planned 100 % recruited by end of year 2. % of community and

household nutrition counsellors (CPKs) and other staff (as planned) recruited and trained on nutrition intervention (IYCF)

Achieved 100 % recruited

Output Indicator 2 Target 2015 Planned 100 % recruited by end of year 2. % of community and

household nutrition counsellors (CPKs) attended refresher training


Output Indicator 3 Target 2015 Planned 100 % recruited by end of year 2. % household nutrition

counsellors (CPKs) receiving at least one supervision visit from supervisors each month


Output Indicator 4 Target 2015 Planned In Year 2: 85% pregnant women (n=84), 95%

adolescent (n=501), 95% 12 -59 months old (n=634), 95% of family members (n=3192)

% of target beneficiaries receiving anthelmintic tablets (de-worming)

Achieved 100% breast feeding mother, adolescent girls, children & family members received anthelmintic

Output Indicator 5 Target 2015 Planned In Year 2: 95% pregnant and breast feeding

women receiving IFA (n=197), 95% adolescent girls receiving IFA (n=501), 95% children 6-23 months old receiving MNS / MNP (n=299)

% of target beneficiaries receiving either Iron and folic acid tablets or multiple micronutrient supplements

Achieved 100% pregnant, breast feeding, adolescent received IFA and 100% children receive MNP

Output Indicator 6 Target 2015 Planned In Year 2

95% mothers (n=496) 95% adolescent (n=501) 90% < 5 year old (n=698)

Target groups received direct nutritional interventions as per the National and international standard

% of target beneficiaries receiving monthly household visits by nutrition counselors (disaggregated by pregnant and breastfeeding women; mothers of 0-5 month children and 6-23), Adolescent girls have

Achieved 100% households were visited by the Community Pusti Kormi

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attended monthly group meetings

Output Indicator 7 Target 2015 Planned 100% of recruited CPKs attending at least one

meeting per month with their supervisors % of community and household nutrition counsellors / Community Pusti Karmis (CPKs) attended monthly meetings

Achieved 99.42% attended

Output Indicator 8 Target 2015 # of monitoring reports produced with clear information on what is being done, challenges and recommendations to address these.

Planned 16 brief monthly monitoring report, 6 quarterly and 2 annual reports by end of year 2 (cumulative).

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Annex-2: Terms of reference for the End Of Project Review

END OF PROJECT REVIEW

Name of the project: Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project

1. Introduction

The Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project began July 2013 and ends in December 2015. The project aim is to help 2000 people take enduring steps out of extreme poverty. The Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project has been financed by GoB, UKAid and SDC through Economic Empowerment of the Poorest (EEP) programme. EEP is commonly known as Shiree which is a Bangla word for ‘steps’, used here as an acronym for Stimulating Household Improvements Resulting in Economic Empowerment.

2. Objectives

To assess the extent Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project has achieved its outputs and outcomes/objective by end of the project, as set out in the current Log Frame ( Annex A);

To review performance of project partners and assess the extent to which the project has achieved value for money as defined in the DFID VFM framework;

To document operational lessons of the Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project to feed into future programming.

3. Recipient

Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS) and EEP/Shiree.

4. Scope of Work

The review team will produce an overall end of project review report and summary reports using the agreed format. The end of project review will be guided by, but not limited to, same of the OECD DAC quality criteria. It will primarily use Log Frame and Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project graduation indicators. It will also serve as main data source for completing the donors’ end of project report. Specific areas to be covered include, but are not limited to:-

Relevance: Assess the extent to which the project was appropriate and coherent with policies of both the Bangladesh Government and donors. In addition how necessary and sufficient were the selected interventions in achieving MDG targets within the project period.

Effectiveness: Document the extent to which the activity has achieved its clearly stated project outcomes/objectives; highlighting any unintended outcomes, positive as well as negative.

Efficiency: Highlight the extent to which the Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project represents value for money and the efficient use of resources (funding, people and other resources) and how effectively it managed risk.

Impact: Consider the extent to which the activity has produced positive or negative changes (directly or indirectly, intended or unintended) assessed against Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project graduation model and the Log Frame indicators.

Sustainability: Provide an opinion on the extent to which the results of Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project are sustainable after closure of the project. Provide recommendations, if appropriate, of how sustainability can be improved.

In addition to the above five analytical measures, the end of project review may provide on the following issues;

Gender Equality: the extent to which the Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project has achieved gender equality and women’s empowerment.

Analysis & Learning: the extent to which the activity was based on sound technical analysis and continuous learning; to what extent the Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project has used opportunities for analysis and learning to improve the project.

Review of Financial Management procedures: This should include review of a) budget spend against planned, b) how the most recent audit recommendations were taken up.

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Cross Cutting Issues: the extent to which activities addressed cross cutting issues such as disability, disaster risk reduction, climate change/ variability, savings and nutrition.

Key Evaluation Questions:

These questions should be interpreted as guiding questions. The Consultant may feel it appropriate to break the questions down into sub-questions in order to provide better insights.

Question 1: To what extent did the project contribute to local economic development (local economy)? To what extent have there been spill-over effects and benefits to non-participants?

This question will look at relevance and effectiveness, and aims to understand the project’s contribution to building a local economy which the project beneficiaries are able to contribute to, and identifying other changes due to the project that benefit others. Answering this question will include examining the overall approach, including:

The extent to which the project engaged different service providers/ organizations /GoB to provide or facilitate rights, services and resources to project participants;

Whether the project targeted an appropriate beneficiaries including various social groups such as the disabled, widows and elderly;

Whether the selected interventions were appropriate for the context, and brought about the desired change as per EEP goals.

Question 2: Using the graduation criteria developed by the project, how many people have been helped to graduate out of extreme poverty and to what extent is this graduation sustainable?

This question looks at Sustainability and Impact. Answering this question will involve looking at the number of graduating households, and assessing how this has improved the lives of the beneficiaries in some of the following areas:

Increased income, expenditure, asset ownership and savings Improving nutrition practices (breastfeeding, micronutrient consumption, supplementary feeding etc)

among targeted mothers and adolescent girls Access to services The effects of market linkages on increasing the profits of business group members Improving the status and socio-economic empowerment of women and girls Improving food security of households Reducing vulnerability and increasing social capital.

Answering this question will aim to assess the extent to which graduation is attributable to the activities of the project. This will be done by investigating and comparing project activities with those of government, and other actors. This question should seek to identify and produce evidence for some of the major factors driving sustainable graduation, and those that prevent households from graduating sustainably.

5. Methodology

The evaluation will broadly use the following methodology -however, the team will develop a detailed plan in consultation with Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS) during the review and before undertaking field visits.

Desk based review ( reading concept note, project proposal, annual report, project budget and EEP/Shiree ToC)

Meeting/workshop with relevant staff of Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS), and EEP/Shiree Field visit (FGD, key informant interviews, meetings with Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS)

field staff and community representatives, observing field activities) Review Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project proposal, budget, log frame, annual

reports, monitoring reports, audit reports and other relevant documents

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Data analysis and Report writing (draft and final) to include qualitative and quantitative data, triangulation of findings, etc.

Debriefing to Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS). 6. Outputs and Deliverables

a) An indicative work plan, End of Project Review Report. The report must include an executive summary (covering the key issues and findings maximum 3 pages), main body with recommendations and progress against log-frame.

b) Validated Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project Self assessed End Project Review Report.

7. Reporting

Present a detailed end of project review plan to Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS) and the Partners within three days of commencing review work.

A debriefing on the key findings after completing field visit; A draft evaluation report will be prepared as per reporting format enclosed herewith ( enclosed later); Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS) will provide written comments and feedback on the draft

report within 5 working days; Final report should be submitted within 7 days after receiving comments.

The following sections will be included in End review report- 1. Title Page including Programme Identification Details 2. Table of Contents 3. Abbreviations / acronyms page 4. Executive summary (maximum 3 pages) 5. A short introduction to the programme 6. The evaluation methodology 7. Findings in relation to standard review criteria 8. Innovation and lessons learned 9. Summary of recommendations.

Annexes must include: Achievement against log frame indicators and target Terms of reference for the Final Evaluation Evaluation schedule / timetable List of people met Documents consulted Detailed statistical data such as updated baseline surveys, etc.

8. Time Frame

The mission will take place between November and December 2015. The maximum number of working days is 24 days including preparation, local travel, meetings, field visits, interviews, workshop and report writing.

9. Indicative Time frame

Activity Time frame Purpose

Planning, preparation and briefing meeting 1-2 days

Initial review of documents 2-3 days

Field visit 5-7 days

Drafting reports 3-4 days

Debriefing 01 day

Reports finalization 5-7 days

Total 17-24 days

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10. Coordination, Logistics and Facilitation

The consultant will report to Mr. Shyamal Chandra Sarker, Director, MJSKS. Logistics and field schedule will be organized and coordinated by (1) Mr. Amal Kumar Mazumder, Deputy Director, MJSKS (2) DR. Md. Nuruzzaman, Project Manager, AIDBC Project, MJSKS.

11. Reading materials

The team will have full access to project reports and other documentation (e.g. monitoring and research reports) among which the main items are:

Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC) Project Concept Note, Project Proposal and log frame

Annual Reports and Project Budget Self assessment report (template attached) of Artificial Insemination in Dairy & Beef Cattle (AIDBC)

Project Financial Audit reports and management response.

12. Consultant qualification - Experience in leading similar review/evaluation of livelihoods, social protection and poverty reduction

projects/ programmes demonstrated skills. - Strong skills and expertise on participatory methods, graduation, gender, health, nutrition and food

security and Social development. - Experience of working in /reviewing of similar programme/projects in Bangladesh. - Strong analytical skills. - Excellent interpersonal communication skills. - Excellent English drafting and communication skills.

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Annex-3: FGD , group discussion and HHs visits Sl. Name of visited Groups Total Members Present

members Union Upazilla

1 Majhi Para Nari Dol 25 18 Pouroshova Ulipur 2 Jokria Para Nari Dol 29 24 Tabakpur Ulipur 3 Bishwmarup Nari Dol 29 23 Gunaigach Ulipur 4 Dang Ghat Nari Dol 1 27 24 Umor Mazid Razarhat 5 Dang Ghat Nari Dol 2 28 26 Umor Mazid Razarhat 6 Kawla Para Nari Dol 23 18 Sadar, Kurigram Kurigram 7 Munshipara Nari Dol 21 15 Sadar Kurigram Kurigram 8 Hazipara Nari Dol 32 24 Pouroshova Ulipur Total 214 (11%) 172 (9%) Annex-4: Persons interviewed and places visited Date Name Position Location 12.12.15 Mr. Nurul Alam Local Livestock Worker SHIKHON Kendro 12.12.15 Mr. Azim Nur Artificial Insemination

Technician SHIKHON Kendro

13.12.15 Md. Harun Or Rashid Panel chairman Tabak Pur Union Parishad Dr. Abdul Aziz Prodhan Upazilla Livestock Officer Upazila Livestock Office

Ulipur 13.12.15 Mr. Md. Aminul Islam Upazilla Nirbahi Officer Belgacha, Kurigram Sadar 13.12.15 Dr. Md. Habibur Rahman Upazilla Livestock Officer Belgacha, Kurigram Sadar 13.12.15 Mr. Md. Mahbubur

Rahman Chairman, Union Parishad Belgacha, Kurigram Sadar

Annex-5: Staff composition of the Project SL# Designation of staff Numbers Sex Qualification of staff

01 Project Manager (Livestock) 01 M DVM/MSc in Vet. Science 02 Accounts Officer 01 M B.Com 03 Training Officer 01 F BA 04 Monitoring/MIS Officer 01 F At least BA 05 Veterinary Officer 03 M DVM/MSc in Vet Science) 06 Field Facilitator 17 10 M, 7F BA 07 Nutrition Officer cum Master Trainer 02 M BA 08 Community Pusti Karmi (CPK)/volunteer 20 F SSC / class VIII 09 Office Peon 01 M VIII class 10 Night Guard 01 M VIII class

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Annex-6. Short Description of the AIDBC project Project Title: Artificial Insemination in Dairy and Beef Cattle Project Goal (Impact of the Project): The Economic Empowerment of the Poorest Programme (EEP)/SHIREE (Stimulating Household Improvements Resulting in Economic Empowerment) aims to support the Government of Bangladesh (GoB) in achieving the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 1 of eradicating extreme poverty and hunger by 2015. Purpose (Outcome): 2000 extreme poor households have sustainably eliminated hunger during monga period Intermediate: Extreme poor household have developed small holder dairy farms while estrous synchronization adopted by wider community. Output 1: Reproductively sound cows/heifers and immediate support for cattle rearing and supplementary IGAs distributed to 2000 extreme poor households. Output 2: Estrous synchronization and Artificial Insemination technology disseminated to direct and indirect beneficiaries Output 3: Improved access to remunerative milk marketing Output 4: Target groups received direct nutritional interventions as per the National and international standard. Activities of Output 1:

1. Procurement of pubertal heifers with sound reproductive organs: Total 2000 extreme poor households receive a cow or heifer. 2. Supplementary income generating activities: As the beneficiaries do not get income from main assets in 1st year of the project, the project provides supplementary IGA for the entire beneficiary as an initiation process. 3. Optimum feeding and hygienic management of cattle: strategic cattle feed supply, Napier cuttings for cultivation, treatment for other diseases are ensured. 4. Preventive vaccination against all killer and endemic diseases: Scheduled vaccinations against killer and endemic diseases are ensured. 5. Routine de-worming and organized emergency veterinary care: Cattle are regularly and routinely de-wormed in every 4/6 months. 6. Replacement of repeat breeders and poor performing stock: Repeat breeder is great problem for economic development of a community. Repeat breeders are those which do not conceive in 3 to 4 successive insemination. The repeat breeder cows are checked properly. After checking repeat breeder are replaced with healthy cow. 7. Pit crop and Napier cuttings cultivation: Pit crop’s improved seeds are provided to the beneficiaries to cultivate on their homestead. Napier cuttings are provided to beneficiaries to easy collect of fodder for their cattle. 8. Training of selected beneficiaries in dairy cattle management: One round of training on cattle rearing is organized for each group of participant.

Activities of Output 2:

1. Artificial Insemination with quality semen using the facilities of local inseminators: Hormones are administered by expert veterinarian to make the cows come in heat in the month of November and December, followed by Artificial Insemination by AI technician. 2. Estrous synchronization in selected cases: Estrous synchronization as a part of the artificial insemination. In selected cases introduce Synthetic hormones such as PGF2α, GnRH commercially known as Ovuprost (Renata) and Ovurelin (Renata) accordingly. 3. Pregnancy diagnosis: Each inseminated cattle are tested for confirmation of pregnancy through Rectal Palpation (RP) by an expert veterinarian.4. Cross bred calf management: An orientation is organized for the beneficiary group level at village on Cross bred calf rearing & management. 5. Use the skills of LLW and AI technician and improve their skills to suit the project need: AI Technicians and LLWs are the most important service providers for the proposed project. Project selects 12 AI Technicians and 12 LLWs to work within in the project unions.

Activities of Output 3:

Organized marketing of milk and group access to remunerative milk market: Firstly the project identifies the appropriate market for milk. Then there had recommendation for the proper marketing of the product. After the selection of milk collectors are oriented by the project about the project activities. In every day milk collector collect milk twice in a day from the community farmers. The project helps to BHHs for linkage build up with the milk collector and BRAC Chilling centre. But milk marketing through local milk collectors was not worked properly

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as there was huge demand of milk in local market. Besides this BHHs were not interested to sale milk in BRAC chilling centre as BRAC dairy paid the milk value by measuring the fat content of milk, thus the BHHs were getting comparatively less amount than the local market.

Nutrition Component

1 Behaviour change communication intervention are aim to impact the first 1000 days of life, and hence will target to change the knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant and breastfeeding mothers on the proper “Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF)” practices. Individual counselling of the targeted mothers and caregivers is given by female Community Pusti Karmis (CPKs). Awareness raising session on general health hygiene and nutrition related issues like proper hand washing practices, using hygienic latrine, safe water drinking, care of pregnant and lactating mother, gender disparity in meal intake, demerits of early marriage etc. are conducted in regular court-yard based group meetings. Influential persons of the community are also be taken on board by social mobilisation of key community stakeholders.

2. Provision of Micronutrient and Anthelmintic medication: Pregnant and breastfeeding mothers are provided with Iron and Folic Acid Tablets (IFA). Young children between 6 to 59 months receive multiple micronutrient supplements according to the WHO and Government of Bangladesh guidelines. All family members are de-wormed.

Objectives and expected results of the Nutrition Component:

The overarching objective is that ‘extremely poor women have healthy babies who survive and grow well’. It is expected that among the beneficiaries there are: 1. An improvement in adolescent and maternal nutritional status as defined by change in weight and haemoglobin concentration, 2. A reduction of prevalence of low birth weight babies, 3. An improvement in child growth.

The aim of the intervention is to reduce childhood wasting and stunting by 1% each year, underweight by 2% each year and anaemia by 5% each year from baseline. For enrolled pregnant and breastfeeding mothers, the nutrition component aims to elicit a reduction in anaemia by 5% and in adolescence 5% each year.

Annex-7: Beneficiary selection criteria

Beneficiary selection criteria Productive asset worth less than Tk. 3000 No access to productive land Household income under Tk. 1500 per month Periodic or continual food shortage

Essential Criteria

Not a member of microfinance institution.

Daily labor, insufficient work <150 day Begging in rural areas

Domestic help in return for food/minimal cash wages. Disable or chronically ill family member Female headed household: widow, Divorced or abandoned Live on other person’s land

Supplementary criteria

Poor quality house

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Annex-8: Beneficiary graduation criteria

SL Dimension Indicator 1 Food Security Having enough food for all HH members all year round 2 Food Diversity Intake different types food at least weekly/ fortnightly/ monthly 3 Purchasing Ability Having ability to purchase essential food items regularly 4 Income Source Having more than one income source 5 Income Intensity Access to regular/sufficient income from present income sources all year round 6 Productive Assets Having continual income generating assets & able to purchase more assets with

income earned 7 Savings Having ability to save money in every month 8 Land Access to owned or lease cultivable land 9 Housing Having safe, comfortable & protective shelter

10 Clothing Access to sufficient clothing for each HH members 11 Health Able to meet up healthcare expenses for general illness 12 Water Access to drink safe water 13 Sanitation Having access to use sanitary latrine/ring slab made 14 Education School age children attending school 15 Self sufficiency Able to manage household without any external help

Annex-9: Activities performed within the project period

SL No.

Activity Status Remarks

1 Beneficiary Selection Completed 2 Baseline survey (Household Profile CMS-1) Completed 3 Group Formation Completed 4 External Audit Completed 5 Intelligent livestock management and monitoring. Completed 6 Socio-economic and anthropometric survey(CMS-3) Completed 7 Training on CMSs Completed 8 Data entry Completed 9 Staff Development training 1 time/ TOT on VSLA Completed

10 Inception workshop upazilla wise (40px3=120 participants) Completed 11 Monthly all staff meeting Completed 12 Project Evaluation Completed 13 Principle Asset transfer (Cattle) for 2000 BHHs Completed 14 Cattle feed support for 2000 ben. Per month 425/= for last 4 months

of pregnancy, initial 3 months 385/= per month Provided in cash Completed

15 Vaccination and deworming Completed 16 Artificial Insemination (AI) Completed 17 Pit crop seed distribution Completed 18 Fodder cutting (Jamboo grass) Completed 19 Hormone support Completed 20 Crossbred calf feed support 3 months per month 400/- Completed 21 Cattle emergency treatment and replacement Completed 22 Supplementary IGA (BHHs 2000) Completed 23 Vitamin mineral premix/ Digestive stimulant Completed 24 Orientation for beneficiaries Completed 25 Pass book for beneficiaries Completed 26 Traves for Artificial Insemination, made of iron pipe & RCC. Completed 27 Learning Day observe Completed

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28 Beneficiaries training Completed 29 Milk collector quarterly meeting Undone 30 Local livestock workers (LLW) bi-monthly meeting Completed 31 Group meeting materials (Mat,register,etc) Completed 32 Advanced Training of AI technicians/ AI Technician's bi-monthly

meeting Completed

33 Workshop on UP bodies & local elites including govt. official Completed 34 Seven days' Master Trainers Training Completed 35 Training of CPKKs on IYCF 7 days (including supervisor) Completed 36 Training (on IYCF and group meeting) of Frontline staff/CPKs- 3 days Completed 37 Refresher Training 2 times in Two and half years Completed 38 CPK Monthly meeting Completed 39 TBA training on nutrition services -two times (same participants) Completed 40 Village doctors orientation /other local health professionals Completed 41 Orientation of religious leaders /teachers Completed 42 Orientation of CSG, UP members/gov. staff Completed

43 Training of adolescent girls and Male HH key person (Fooding allowance including IEC materials)

Completed

44 Social mobilization manual, Flip chart (BHH and adole girls) Completed 45 Two Job Aid ( for CPKs and front line staff ) Completed

46 Training manual for CPKs, Nutrition Facilitator Completed 47 Advocacy brochure for govt. and NGO officials Completed 48 Deworming Supply Pregnant women Completed 49 Deworming Supply Children 12 – 23 months Completed 50 Deworming Supply Children 24 -59 months Completed 51 Deworming Supply Adolescent girls Completed 52 Deworming Supply All family members Completed 53 IFA tablets for pregnant women Completed 54 IF tablets for lactating mothers with children under 6 months Completed 55 Children aged 6-23 months (MNS) Completed 56 IFA tablets for adolescent girls Completed

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Annex-10: Field Visit schedule of the review Team

Dates SL. Activities 12.12 13.12 14.12 15.12 16.12 17.12 18.12 19.12

1 Print survey questioners

Before collection of data

2 Orientation to the Data Collectors

Before collection of data

3 Briefing meeting with the project staffs

1

4 Orientation session on methodology of evaluation process

1

5 6 FGDs with the target groups

1, Majhipara, Ulipur Pourosova

2, Tabukpur, Gunaigach

2, 1, Kurigram sadar, Rajarhat

6 4 Key Informant Interview

2-LLW & 2-AI Tech., Ulipur

ULO-Ulipur, UP Chairman, Tabukpur

7 Debriefing Kurigram, M4C Office

8 Data collection by Survey form

100 250 250 350 350 350 350

9 Data Entry 400 400 400 400 400

20.12 21.12 22.12 23.12 24.12 25.12 26.12 27.12 28.12 29.12 10 Data Analysis 11 Preparation of

draft report

12 Submission of draft report

30.12 31.12 01.01 02.01 03.01 04.01 05.01 08.01 13 Review report by

the MJSKS

14 Revision of the report

15 Submission of final report

Annex-11: Documents consulted

Project Proposal

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Log frame Indicators Monthly, Quarterly and Annual Report Beneficiary Households Baseline Information Financial Audit Reports Project Budget Field Monitoring Reports Lesson Learning Report-Innovation Fund Round 2

Annex-12: soft copies of the data base in excel and SPSS File Format

For Further Information, Please Contact:Mahideb Jubo Somaj Kallayan Somity (MJSKS)P.O. - Jummahat, Union- GunaigachUpazila- Ulipur, District- KurigramBangladesh.w

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