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Enabling ArchitecturesProtocols and Frameworks
For Today’s
Service Provider Networks
ETC GROUP, LLC | David J . Malfara, Sr.
Institute of Public Utilities, Michigan State University
2014 Annual Regulatory Studies Program
Agenda• Network Evolution: Beyond the OSI Model• IMS – A New “Control” Layer• Applications: Network-centric or OTT?• Discussion - Futures
Protocols & Frameworks
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 2
Operational View
Voice Internet
“Old World” Monolithic Stovepipe
Structure
“New World” Layered Next-Gen Structure
Flat Growth of Voice Market
Massive Growth ofData Traffic
Maturity ofConvergence Technology
Drivers
OSS
/BSS
New Service Opportunities
New Efficient OAM&P
New Network Architecture
Outcome
Order Processing
Account Provisioning
Service Provisioning
Administration
Maintenance
Sales/VendorBSS
Order Processing
Account Provisioning
Service Provisioning
Administration
Maintenance
Sales/VendorBSS
Private/VPN Networking
Order Processing
Account Provisioning
Service Provisioning
Administration
Maintenance
Sales/VendorBSS
Service/Application Layer
Control Layer
Transport Layer
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 3
Service Provider Nirvana
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 4
©2010 SeaChange
Competing Models
OSI vs. NGN
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 5
The Encapsulation of Functions in a Packet Architecture (OSI Model)
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 6
Comparing TDM to VoIPThe OSI Reference Model
TDM VoIP
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 7
Current “Option”:TDM Interconnection
Every Access TandemEvery LATA
Competitor RBOC
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 8
TDM Interconnection(Dedicated High Cost – CapEx and OpEx)
TDM – Minimum Interconnection Points
SignalingGateway
IPNetwork
IP
IP
UserEnd Points
IP
Soft Switch
Media Gateway
Media Gateway
Media Gateway
Media Gateway
LATA 1
Media Gateway
LATA 2
LATA 4
LATA 5
LATA 3
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 9
VoIP-to-TDM Interconnection Transition
Media Gateway:TDM/IP (Circuit to Packet)
Signaling Gateway:SS7/SIP (Packet to Packet)
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 10
Inter-carrier VoIP Call Interconnection Using SBC Functionality
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Multimedia Networks
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 12
EvolutionOSI to IMS-enabled NGN
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
OSI MODEL NGN MODEL
© 2011 ETC Group, LLC
Application
Transport
Control
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 13
IMS – A New “Control” Layer
Converging Network Intelligence
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 14
IMS - Industry Adoption
• 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project including ATIS)
• IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)
• European Telecommunications Standards Institute
(TISPAN)
• ITU-T (ITU-Telecommunications Standardization Sector)
• CableLabs® (PacketCable 2.0)
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 15
IMS-enabledConvergence
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IPMultimedia Subsystem
© Radvision
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CableLabs®
PacketCable 2.0 Reference Architecture
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ETSI – TISPANIMS-Oriented NGN Architecture
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 19
IMSTerminal
IMS Network Provider
IP Connectivity Access Network
1. Establishment of an IMS service contract
3. P-CSCF address discovery
2. Getting IP access connectivity
Acquiring an IP address
4. IMS level registration
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Prerequisites to get the IMS service
IMS PrerequisitesIMS
TerminalIMS Network
ProviderIP Connectivity Access
Network
1. Establishment of an IMS service contract
3. P-CSCF address discovery
2. Getting IP access connectivity
Acquiring an IP address
4. IMS level registration
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Prerequisites to get the IMS service
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 20
IMSTerminal
(1) REGISTER
P-CSCF
(10) 401 Unauthorized
S-CSCF
(2) REGISTER
(9) 401 Unauthorized
(11) REGISTER
(20) 200 OK
(12) REGISTER
(19) 200 OK
I-CSCF HSS
(3) Diameter UAR
(4) Diameter UAA
(5) REGISTER
(8) 401 Unauthorized
(6) Diameter MAR
(7) Diameter MAA
(13) Diameter UAR
(14) Diameter UAA
(15) REGISTER
(18) 200 OK
(16) Diameter SAR
(17) Diameter SAA
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Registration at the IMS level
IMS RegistrationIMS
TerminalIMS Network
ProviderIP Connectivity Access
Network
1. Establishment of an IMS service contract
3. P-CSCF address discovery
2. Getting IP access connectivity
Acquiring an IP address
4. IMS level registration
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Prerequisites to get the IMS service
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 21
IMSTerminal #1
(1) INVITE
P-CSCF
(18) 183SessionProgress
P-CSCF
(3) INVITE
(17) 183 Sesssion Progress(19) 183Session Progress
(21) PRACK
S-CSCF S-CSCF
(7) Diameter LIR
(8) Diameter LIA
(15) 183 Session Progress
(22) PRACK
(26) 200 OK(27) 200 OK
(37) 200 OK
(25) PRACK(24) PRACK
(32) UPDATE
(36) 200 OK
(30) 200 OK
(31) UPDATE
(40) 200 OK
I-CSCF HSSIMS
Terminal #2
(5) INVITE
(2) 100 Trying (4) 100
Trying
(6) 100 Trying
(9) INVITE
(10) 100 Trying
(11) INVITE
(12) 100 Trying (13) INVITE
(14) 100 Trying
OriginatingVisited
Network
OriginatingHome
NetworkTerminating Home Network
TerminatingVisited
Network
(16) 183 Session Progress
(20) 183 SessionProgress
(29) 200 OK
Resou
rce Reservatio
n
Resou
rce Reservatio
n
(34) UPDATE(35) UPDATE
(38) 200 OK(39) 200 OK
Pre-alert user
Alert user
(33) UPDATE
(28) 200 OK
(23) PRACK
Evaluation of initial filter criteria
Evaluation of initial filter criteria
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Basic session setup, part 1
Session Setup (1)IMS
TerminalIMS Network
ProviderIP Connectivity Access
Network
1. Establishment of an IMS service contract
3. P-CSCF address discovery
2. Getting IP access connectivity
Acquiring an IP address
4. IMS level registration
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Prerequisites to get the IMS service
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 22
IMSTerminal #1
(63) ACK
P-CSCF
(44) 180Ringing
P-CSCF
(64) ACK
(43) 180 Ringing
(45) 180Ringing
(47) PRACK
S-CSCF S-CSCF
(41) 180Ringing
(48) PRACK
(52) 200 OK(53) 200 OK
(58) 200 OK
(51) PRACK(50) PRACK
(57) 200 OK(56) 200 OK
(61) 200 OK
I-CSCF HSSIMS
Terminal #2
(66) ACK
OriginatingVisited
Network
OriginatingHome
NetworkTerminating Home Network
TerminatingVisited
Network
(42) 180Ringing
(46) 180Ringing
(55) 200 OK
(67) ACK
(59) 200 OK(60) 200 OK
Alert user
(54) 200 OK
(49) PRACK
Acceptsession
(62) 200 OK
Media plane
(65) ACK
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Basic session setup, part 2
Session Setup (2)IMS
TerminalIMS Network
ProviderIP Connectivity Access
Network
1. Establishment of an IMS service contract
3. P-CSCF address discovery
2. Getting IP access connectivity
Acquiring an IP address
4. IMS level registration
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Prerequisites to get the IMS service
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 23
Applications & Service Creation
Network-centric or OTT?
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 24
IPMultimedia Subsystem
© Radvision
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 25
User Profile
Service Profile n
Service Profile 2
Service Profile 1
Public Identification n1 to n
Public Identification 2
Private User Identity
1 to n
Public Identification 1
Shared Initial Filter Criteria n
Shared Initial Filter Criteria 2
Shared Initial Filter Criteria 1
0 to n
Initial Filter Criteria n
Initial Filter Criteria 2
Initial Filter Criteria 1
0 to n
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Simplified representation of the structure of the user profile
IMSHSS User Profile
IMSTerminal
IMS Network Provider
IP Connectivity Access Network
1. Establishment of an IMS service contract
3. P-CSCF address discovery
2. Getting IP access connectivity
Acquiring an IP address
4. IMS level registration
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Prerequisites to get the IMS service
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 26
S-CSCF
IMSHome
Network
AS
P-CSCF
1. INVITE 2. INVITE
3. IN
VIT
E
4. 200 OK
5. 200 OK6. 200 OK
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
An Application Server acting as a terminating SIP UA is providing services in the originating call leg
IMS Application ServerInitial Filter Criteria
IMSTerminal
IMS Network Provider
IP Connectivity Access Network
1. Establishment of an IMS service contract
3. P-CSCF address discovery
2. Getting IP access connectivity
Acquiring an IP address
4. IMS level registration
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Prerequisites to get the IMS service
Initial Filter Criteria
Application Server
Trigger Point
Trigger Point
Service Point Trigger
SIP URI
Default Handling
1 to n
Priority
Service Point Trigger
Service Point Trigger
Request-URI
SIP Method
SIP Header
Session Case
Session Description
0 to 1
Service Information
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Structure of initial filter criteria
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 27
S-CSCF
IMSHome
Network
AS
I-CSCF
1. INVITE 2. INVITE
9. 200 OK10. 200 OK
3. IN
VIT
E 4. IN
VIT
E 8. 2
00 O
K 7. 2
00 O
K
RTP
MRFC
MRFP
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
An example of a service
IMS Application ServerService Announcement Example
IMSTerminal
IMS Network Provider
IP Connectivity Access Network
1. Establishment of an IMS service contract
3. P-CSCF address discovery
2. Getting IP access connectivity
Acquiring an IP address
4. IMS level registration
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Prerequisites to get the IMS service
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 28
S-CSCF
IMSHome
Network
AS #2
I-CSCF
1. INVITE 2. INVITE
19. 200 OK20. 200 OK
5. IN
VIT
E
6. IN
VIT
E
16. 20
0 O
K
15. 20
0 O
K
AS #1 AS #3
9. INVITE
P-CSCF
10. INVITE
12. 200 OK 11. 200 OK
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
A few Application Servers providing services
IMS Application ServerMulti-service Session
IMSTerminal
IMS Network Provider
IP Connectivity Access Network
1. Establishment of an IMS service contract
3. P-CSCF address discovery
2. Getting IP access connectivity
Acquiring an IP address
4. IMS level registration
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Prerequisites to get the IMS service
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 29
Access Network
XDMC
Shared XDMS
Shared Group XDMS
Shared Profile XDMS
Shared Lists XDMS
Shared Policy XDMS
XDM-3/XDM-5
P-/S-CSCF
Application 1Specific XDMS
Application 2Specific XDMS
Application nSpecific XDMS
XDM-1
XDM-2
XDM-6
XDM-4
XDM-7
Application 1 Application 2 Application n
SearchProxy
XDM
Remote Aggregation
Proxy
AggregationProxy XDM-8
XDM-9
From The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Third EditionGonzalo Camarillo and Miguel A. García-Martín
© 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
XML Document Management (XDM) architecture
Service Configurationin the IMS (Open Mobile Alliance -XDM)
IMS Services PresenceLocationInstant MessagingConferencingMultimedia Session Continuity
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 30
Over The Top & IMSAre NOT (exactly) Mutually Exclusive
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 31
Future ApplicationsUsing IMS “Enablers”
• Broadcast with Awareness
• Workflow Conferencing
• Co-existent Location based Sharing
• Location-based Advertising
8/12/2014©2014 ETC Group, LLC 32