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O~IO~IU~~~IP Ia(Noun clause)

a ~ d s : : ~ a m ~ n a i i m d b ~ u d ~ ~ d ~ : : n a ~ a i ] ~ d s : : ~ ~ m m ? i u ~ i ] ~ ~iu iy' ds:Ium d5: :1uA~i im~i~?i~bbo1nol '7~03f l f l~ds~1uA~~md16ndl?~1bbn'31u~niu

h u 3 w m ~ s l n w i i ~ a i u G i l ~wsirbilrr3dds::lumdfi.a'uinlua~w~5~nqw

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U~U~U~ ' ILTEIA(Noun clause)dNoun clause HUTUBJ Dependent clause ~ ~ ~ l ' l f l d l ~ ~ l ~ b ~ ~~ J

vtd dR ~ ~ W U I U ~

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v d dI. uiuiyd.r:~t~~~ui'~otiiuu'iudiui i c l u i n r d u d ~ u ~ . r : n ~ ] u d ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ ] u~ . I : ~ I I P I d~b&kd dsrnu n5sN nSsurrouywun Noun / Subject complementQ:UUWUDIPR'R~UI~IG. m a 4 m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ d ~ d h u ~ ~ n ~ Y d . r-S * a d &rliafidlfluhurraisrrhifu

-- if / wheth

u ~ ~ ~ ~ d s s ~ u ~ d g u 6 u 6 a athk d i i ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ f ~ c n i r u ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ : ~ ~ ~D R.I'IWU~U 'thatn &uN%F~:L!u~

uiuiyd.rdu~ifuii that-clause I 'that-clause" mui.rnrhsfi&ud.r&~1

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$aa~kflQld i j i "that"

a: d a:Iauinsd aoiiiln'ijmaiu~uiuh azuutuauiuiydszlumuu d.nn$uhw iqnswd~qoi~nzIt4'du 6'aaeiiq c atnz d

9 w w duan~inni'a'I#hat-clause miudnmm~m?a~i~~ndi?uisra'?hat-clausew A'&Jnngoliunknjudidir 7 l6Gn m u- miuaihdiuiudtfluuiuassu idu allegation, discovery, fact, fear

aQu6'u - m i u a k d i q m d i u d r r ~ m ~ ~ i s u d ~ ~ o a ' n w m ~du glad, pleased,w A'qfraid, convinced, strange, splendid t f i ~ h RUQ~~~ANR$

Subject + be + Adjective + that-clause

b. The announcement that therewill be a party on Christmas iswelcomed by everyone.

M ~ B It + be / seem + Adjective + that clause

Adjective c. She is delighted that her songot the scholarship.

. IType of WordNoun

d. It's splendid that you passedthe entrance exam.

Examples

a. The proposal that banks shouldopen before 9 o'clock led to aheated discussion.

"delighted" tf hd i l?fliC(Ji

~ o t e s

"the proposal'' bbaz "theannouncement" t ~ u d i u i ud t f l ~ ~ ~ ~ ' a ' 5 U

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Exercise 1Complete the following Be suitable that - clause.Examples

I believed that t1. That is a g - -2. It was reported that -3. The fact that4. It is essentiaI that ---5. I am glad that .

~ I ~ I ~ ~ J ~ ~ T U L I A ~ & ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ I J ~ ~ I ~ W ~ I Q I ( ~ h - c l a u s e )UI~I dsdunai9$uiu6 ~ ~ ~ 7 d 5 ~ b h ~ 6 i f l i ~Question' Words or Wh-question) 16 uiuiyd$~unds::t.nnu'ai~b?uniih-clause ikq~:d~ln?jlfludi~~wdq

dsrmu/nssu nssuaaq,ywun aa: Noun/Subject complement

Function

Subject

Object

Examples

a. Why he came early is unknown.b. What will come next is still a

mystery.

c. I want to know when the playwill be performed.

d. I wonder who will arrive first.

Notes

u i r n y d s r l u ~ l u d ~ ~ l ~ nv d d

((8:: IY fiiwuintduds::muaasds::Tflnu ~ ~ ~ ~ d s : : I ~ ~ ~ l u d ~ : : I u n

W d d~a:: f i iwuin~d~n53uwa9d5:1un

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fiathsntnuiuiydsz~u~C(~uhhun'idszsnndiniu ~ R ~ U R ~ I U ~ ~ ~ I ~ R ~ O ~ I U

2 bI ] ~ I ~ d i n i ~sUlj~~zuwslwhuFiin~usGu3n'wh d o u i u i y d ~ z l u ~ ~ ~ s ~ u u d i ~ usdusfiu?n'ud-r~1uRunnbd3n"a1ddo Subject + Verb Z U I I N ~ ~ J Z ~ I ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ Qh g l ~ d ~ k f herb + Subject

" ' " ' 4

Exercise 2 ,

Function

Object ofPreposition

Complete the following sentences with suitable Wh-clause, 9 I

ExamplesjI don't know why I came.

1. Please tell the manager what .2. Coffee and tea are available for whoever .

he offered me.

Noun/Subject g. Our decision was how ,we V I U I Y ~ ~ ~ T ~ R ' I U~ Z ~ U Rv d dComplement could get to the airport in bbnz h ~lwwlnbdw

1

time. Noun/Subject complementh. This is what every one

wants.

Examples

e. I must find out who stolemy money.

f. I am not interested in what

3. Sam wants to know why

Notes

~ i u i y l j ~ z l u~ ' l w d ' r z T~ ~v d zrsnz f viiwwinsdwnssuunu

lJIWlJYl

, ,4. What annoyed me the most.94 5. My father is' going to build his cabin with , EN 293

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0 ~ 7 ~ 1 ~ d . S ~ ~ ~ l ~ ~ o d . S d d . S b ~ ~ lv o,un clause as Reported Speech)~ u m m k n q u i i u u ~ ~ u u u i u ~ ~ d ~ : : ~ u f l ' L u ~ d ~ ~ ~ d ~ : : ~ u f l m ~ ~ i uReported

speech) ~ ~ u ~ h n ~ i i l d ~ f i u n ~ ~ uu " ~ " s d u u & ~ i ~ ~ d ~I . dszTu~s~u91udszsnwnai~.rua.~nssia

hniud~du~2ngol~tdud5::Iumuon~i~statement) ~ r d i u u sd uthat -clause

Direct Speech

a. "We are late."

Reported Speech

The students said (that)they were late:'

b. "You may have thecake"

~ I H ~ ~ ~ U I Uweyydihu19, ''theyW kin5~1~ Z I U UPlfl Present Lou Past

Notes

Jane remarked (that) theboy might have the cake.

c. "I want to go shoppingtomorrow".

"may" L ~ ~ U U L ~ Umightyy

Martina said (that) shewanted to go shoppingthe next day.

21 n5~13 H W ~tomorrow"d & . ~ u ~ f l uthe next dayyy

~ 5 5 ~ ~ l ~ ~ ~ ~ , i l ~ 1 ~ f l 3 l ~ ~ ~ l ~ b ~ ~ 3 n ' ~di d5161~ 55U I

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n3u'l: Present tense - Past tensePast tense - Past Perfect tense

n~a i daa : will - wouldcan - couldmay - mightmust - lad to

/ dEhU could, might, ought to, should, would Q ~ I J L ~ D L I U ; ~I4. ~ l ~ ~ L 1 1 ~ ~ 1 ~ 1 ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ f l ~ ~ ~ f lt % k f i say, tell, state, add, M ~ ~ S J

remark L ~ U ~ U

Exercise 3Change the following sentences into Reported Speech. Also make other ,

necessary changes.

Examples66 We may not be in time." She remarked.She remarked that they might not be in time