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4unm 2dsdrrn

(Sentences)

tdol~nun~iddsmoutbodd~uoi7~anqds:lunuril luun&:~uiniii=3riInnaliraaqds:lan ua:ds:lunaiimdu 1

R 1 5 l d l G1. 1ns.rai7~aordsdundug7od2. lnssa%saosds:lunon~srr~n3ui3. lnsqaTiqaosds~lunanssun3m4. h~'1~~l4~1~9d5:b!J(1ninking Verb5. d5ghl~1!%~d~~2f9!3d7il9- ds:hwontdi - ds:~undi&~a:aoioq- ds:luadataa - ds:Tun "there"- ds:kmdiaiu - ds:Tunnssru

3T ~ . r ~ a i i d d . r g T u ~ n ~ pBasic Sentence Pattern)d -tdofi~~smindudids::tnnoii~nuis2unirtflu "dszIt~~"Sentence)

u h ~:biu16

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d D ~ r \ 3 " (Who or What is being talked about?) rh~fle~,d~~~Elfi6~lul5fl~D~dlw r ycnaam R D m~dsrb lu n 1 ~ d s r m u d a l ~ ~ b u d 1 ~ 1 ~~ O R ~ S W U I ~ A ~ L ~ U ~ ~

d w~3ao1oiidauuoiudn h u n l ~Examples Notes

a. The baby is crying. 010~dlf11~ho is crying?b. The cat is sleeping in the kitchen. ~ ~ ~ d l f 1 1 ~hat is sleeping?

t

c. Milk is good for everyone. ~ i l ~ d l f 1 1 ~hat is good?

n ~ ~ u ~ m q s u ~ u &u f !o ~ u ~ u onrnsnsrrh w p l a r n30Einwraoqdsrmu iflud?udma~holuh d 1 k ~ m o ~ ~ s ~ 6 u a n ' u d s r m u ~ ~What is saidabout the subject?) daudmouhmrram?3a rnnudmq

Examples Notes

a. This box is heavy. ~ ~ U l t l h t t ~ r ~ ~ ~ qbox"

e. The children sing happily. uacrh "the childreny'$ID :bod ,f. Sarah has a new dress. U ~ n j lSarah" i l a r b

I

I

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Pattern One: Subject + Verb (SV)

d ' tb3lf%lflflf u i d 5 z ~ n n w 1 l n 5 5 ~ 3 ~ 1Intransitive verb) b i ~ o, walk, bark, sleep,

/

smile, laugh, cry, sing, smoke b$u&Pattern Two: Subject + Verb + Object (SVO)

lrrhs.r~2i.ruuu$m f i u ~ ~ . r d s ~ n a u h s n S c n~an5si i iur i i ss iur i iu"uI

I

Subjecta. Janeb. Birdsc. The baby

Predicate : Verbsmiles.sing sweetly.is sleeping soundly.

Subject

a. Janeb. John

d$b%.JRn33ufl'ifJl (Transitive Verb) M & I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u R ~ u u ~ T ; ? ui f l 0 7 @ f l ~ 3 ~ d ~ Z ~ f l f i ~ : .

c. Maryd. The students

f i f i - d ~ a u y i d ~ i u l u h a d i . r . $i$uuii 'John had." ( q a d u i ) f i~q: :

Predicate : Verb

& 3 a ~ f l l ~ . ' a i l " John had what?" (10:15?)

Verbhadhitis cookinghave to finish

Objectbreakfastthe ball 'dinnertheir assignment

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Pattern Three: Subject + Verb + Complement (SLV CN7CA)

Subject PredicateLinking Verb Complement

a. John is an artist (Noun)b. The music is good (Adjective)

/

c. The joker is I (Pronoun)

h~Yuds::lu~laiiadni~ t taaut~un~u ibnn(u~duttaauann:~io& 1 t t o l a o ~ d 5 : : ~ ~iniui,n(udt"sunii Linking Verb d ~ u ~ ~ n ~ i u 6 t ~ u ~ m i u ~ ~niuidunii Complement ~ u ~ u & d i ~ ~ o ~ o ~ m u d u i ~ u5 ~ 1 f l ~ P l 7 1 ~ a u ~ 5 d(i?D~IU a. "John is" ( P D $ U L ~ ~ )l~~n'21u'~dQU:&Ufll~d~'h "is what?" (LOUoz15 t d o tu i i i i "artist' (i9a~u) auld 3u\flonmuauusd

A'Complement U u I / u L ~ ~%$a80w d d1. Noun Complement (CN) RD i i ~ i u 6 $ i ~ ~ i n t d ~ d ~ u t i u t ~ u%$I

A' dIHi(5:Iu f l ~ ~ ( d 5 doun Complement U ~ 1 ~ ~ 1 5 1 t ~ ~ ~ ~ lubject Complenient LUM~int~u~ut iuaf iud~::niut louds::~u~a::t~udidsrtnnt~s~n'ud5::~iu~uttdtlouI?uinsd equal grammatical value) ~ r ~ u ~ u ~ i ~ ~ i i u u a ~ ~ ~ ~ n ' u d 5 : : 6 7 ~ 1 ~R U ~ ~ A ~ I UHUIURUL~U dv

i Puffy is my cat.o r My cat is Puffy.

W d d2. Adjective Complement (CA) ~ i ~ ~ d i ~ 6 6 C / l j i ~ u i n t d u d ~ u ~ ~ ud dtmun$ilrid5::~u~auy5d~au~:~~ao'ru~u~na(~::uoud;5::~uH Y ~ Adjective '

Complement I ~ E R U I ~ ~ I R R Y U ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ : : ~ ~ I U ' I ~ '~ n f k ~ ~ d i f l ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ t n ~ n 'h~uidunun'uriI6 \Jane is very talkative.

W d d3. Pronoun C omplement (CP) d1~5~wuiudC/lji~uintdud~utiu6 dtnund5tluflvh'Liifluy5dPru"R'nttolrn1srHiloun'uNoun Complement

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Y w d o w d wuDnO7fl verb to be a ~ a ~ u ~ m n ~ u ~ 8 n n a ~ ~ r n ~ n ~ m ~ ~ " L u n ~ uinking Verbd 4nauau.smo 17n=iulC(tdu3ii'un7s~'uiVerbs of Perception) ZLd look, taste smell,

b:sound, feel 5 3 ~ n'iuldD~d&iil appear, seem, remain, become 1hod74a. The soup tastes good.

Lb. The silk feels soft.c. The concert sounded great.d. The defendant remained quiet.e. The little girl looks happy.

ioiiurnolY d dh v i u r f ~ n ~ u - 1 1 u n ~ r r u " n 7 u 7 ~ n ~ 7 ~ ~ 7 n ~ d u n n 5 ~ ~ n " s ~ ~ ~ i ~ 3 ud u k i a u

Y r l Y w wq~n~~z~ms~nhao . rd5 : :~um'L~mmaurnaad7u

I Examples 1 Notes I

b. The dog smelled the bone.

c. Jane looked ill.

1 a. The meat smells good.

d. Henry is looking at the pie.

''smells" LOU LV rwnrff7ui'ln~dfbutau "is" Zdi' t~a1~7udi'3u(iiq~diY(i'csmelled" LOU Vt t W 5 7 d "the bone"dunssu"looked" Lflu LV L W S ~ Z L ~ ~ U U L Q U"was" I6 ~t1~.7uhtld7q~diud"is looking" 1 9 ~t L W ~ Z ~the pie"tOuns5a.i

Exercise 1Identify basic sentence patterns. Read the following sentences carefully

and write down the abbreviatigns above the appropriate word or words.EN 205 / ,/i/ / 25

/

//,

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Example\S LV CN

-.TO^ is a student. ---.1. She makes all her own clothes.2. This book is mine.3. It's his; he bought it yesterday. I I

I, I4. We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.5. He is a friend of mine.I r *6. My friend traveled in the third-class carriage.7. They often go to the pictures. I . .

I8. Pete writes to his mbther everyday. 19. The little boy kept his money in the pocket.

10. Bill used to live in this house.

Exercise 2Write sentences based on the 3 basic sentence pattern already discussed.Pattern One: S V

Pattern Two: S V 0i

1.2.3.

Pattern Three: S LV CN1.

2.3.

S LV CP1.

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S CA1 .2.3.

Exercise 3Read the following sentences carefully and substitute, he linking verbs in

each sentence with "verb to be". ause some verbs in this exercise cannot be substituted by "verb to be".

1. Today's news soun2. The old reindeer sm3. Their attitudes have remained sympathetic.4. The impatient truck driver sounded his horn.5. The evening sky appeared stormy.6. Their home life has seemed satisfactory.7. The new chef tasted his own sauce.8. The knife's cutting edge felt uneven.9. The mountain climbers feel exhausted.

10. The first election return looks gloomy.

d 5 d t 1 : ~ ~ i i ~ ~ i ~(Varieties of Sentences)d>rlu~d~iuue~u~~s.j~j5'i.j6~~7un".j~j7utlliim~.jnd7~~7L K ~ ~ou'n7.1

d i u ~ dduu l ~ i a 7 nn a 7~~a~~~ j ~ 1 . j i 7 uo i i . jn u ~ o e u m a ~ ~ ~ i ~ u j ll'a.jn7.1uanb: .dL u a muh n ~ uan r i ~&~~oao i a . ja u ~ i lIIUULWD'I$H~RIU~~~L~UM~da~nunu?udu ~~~h . ju ' ds r~n ' an~w&n3~~~n3~u~u '~~ ' ~dnv (u : :n i~~ i luud

w d'aGmd7.j 7 mu

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d~~futa~aiimoi7~ ies of sentencesd s z ~ u ~ C h a u ~ m ~ ~ 1 n s ~ a ~ ~ 9 ~ ~ ~ ~ u n " ~ d ~ 0 ~ ' 1 1 ~ n ~ ~ n a ' 7i d n 7 s

d?ud~uu1nira7nna~u ud ou am ~u i7 ~m7uu~mu7uoq(ugnui1 Goqmsuonk: du'oya r n a k o ~ u anddivisouoios uguh azuuuwo1G~~u~snfiuudszTu~"IX

dannunu7ueiw I h & ~ ~ d s z ~ n ' i n 7 w ~ ~ n a s i 7 ~ a ~ u b ~ 7 ~ ~ 1 ~ n ~ r ) ~ % n 7 s u ~ u uw . 4aGnei7q 7 n ~ u

d1. r l s z h o u o n d l (Statement or Atflrmstrve Sentence) 8adszTunnuon han s n3o16'h~ainuh'ld dsdunaiinu'o7~uinsqai7qA3 uuu t i j lgnha957bb5)a

a. The whale is a mamm al. I 1b. An interior decorator may determine the color of the room. 1c. A ship went down the sea.

2'. rlszhsdfitaa (Negative sentence) iiodszTunddiba s lua ~ 3 athamsdou'ludsziu n in uuau "notgyu#iW

I \ 1 15% be" I

Examples

a. Birds are not mammals.

Notes

67 verb to be b~~df1~~31bn!w'k8~not"b. John cannot show us the way.c. The Prime Minister did not veto the

-1j3. d 5 z h 7 ~ 1 (Question or Interrogative sentence) ~od5z~f . laou ;

~595 not" I%n?uldau ( ~ o d a l )a d 9verb to do + no t fl4Nnfl~fl7bbn8d'ld

billsa.

verb to be ,

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3.2 d 5&n Ai n 7~f ( ~a~n i ~r d i l 14 iContent Questiofi or W h -~ ie s ti o n )

Question)

d.3'l o d=idund7cnunuu&Riu Question words idu Who, What, When, Where,

Examples :a. Thada is a policman.

Is Thada a policeman?b. Timrny can swim.

Can Timmy swim?c. Chatree works.

Does Chatree work?

m y , W ~ O rilu6u d~:: Iu~diniu~~iistd6a.~ni~~io1nudr~ur~aaiais::wfu5'inisduufinRiun7~6ud~tIundiniu1uG1u'o3.1 .'i~nirudiis::&~$u6ui3uQuestion word

62au'iq

Notes

~nisu'7un5ui~d~a00oa'id5::fiipd

n'Gn5uidqu %Xu'iun5u7dauldl3'14Jid5::fiiud - 3 ' 9ruoun5muhdii7rh lWi i i c c d ~ midau

a. Are you leaving?When are you leaving?

b., Did you com e late?Why did you come late?c. Is your house far?

HAW fa r i s your house?

4. d s ~ ~ a m r i i b ~ u a z d 5 ~ ~ a ~ ~ a f a ~Command and Request) I ~ d 5 d ~ ) mdsnnn6~ra::dsranu (omit the subject) dP~iist~&ldD you

I a. (You) 'Open the window. I dud~::Iunh& L+-JR~GL)U~::IU.~~S V O Notes

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5. ~TETBR'there" ("there" sentence) 1~d5 : 1~R~ f iW~ : f i u f l l d r 7 ' bM~i

~dRj1ccj"k?s;~: :~t

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Exercise 4Change the following sentence e sentences.Example: John likes tea.

John does not like tea, --1. He will have to see a doctor.2. John has plenty of money.3 . These exercises are always easy for the beginners.4. Australian sheep give us very good wool.5. Put lemon in your soup instead of silt.6. Pete took a swimming lesson last summer.7. They have sent Tom to prison for shoplifting.8. Do you prefer a book of poetry or stories of adventures?9. The little girl has to take piano lesson every Sunday afternoon.

10. My mother used to spend a few days in Alaska.

Exercise 5Change 'the fallowing sentences into Yes-no questions.

Example:Children love fruit.Do children love fruit?

1. It was very good chocolate.2. The clouds over the sea are lovely t~day.

- 3 . We had a wonderful dinner at Sizzler last night.4. Paul should like a house in the country.5. Little Mary has to get up early on weekdays.6. My sister mislaid her umbrella on the bus.

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7. The old castle has been renovated since June.:8. Tom wants Paula to return a book sh e borrowed last week.9. W e have got to do it all by Sunday.

10. Tamarine used to study in America for a few years..,

Exercise 6Write out appropriate questions for the following answers.Example:

Mary drove a fairly old car.Who drove a fairly old car'?

1. He bought some ties.2. Paul went to Chiengmai.3. These flowers cost two-hundred.4. Jane told me to put the bag in the clobet.5. They wanted to see the Robinsons.6. Th e little girl waited for her father in the canteen.7. The Early Bird Show was wonderful.

i8. Rafter% an Australian tennis player.9. I saw a stray dog when I opened the door.

10. I have been to Pattaya for a few days.I

Exercise 7Change the following sentences into the paesive voice.Example:

1. Someone gave me a book.A book was givkn to me.

2. No one fed the chickens this morning.Th e chickens were not fed this morning.

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1. People always admire this picke.2. He broke his legs in an accident.3. No one has opened that box f ~ the last hundred years.4. Someone has broken two of my dinner plates.5. Someone built this bridge last year.6. People speak English all over the world.7. People will forget this song in a few years' time.

I8. No one has ever beaten my brother at tennis.9. They held a reception in his honor.

10. Has anybody answered your question?1