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STUDENT RESPONSE
SYSTEMS
Emergent Technology
GRIT 685
What is it?
A set of handheld devices “Clickers” Allow all students to answer an
instructor’s questions Allows the teacher monitor how well the
class as a whole and individual students are grasping the lesson
How does it work? Instructor poses a question Students respond using a handheld
transmitter or “clicker” Student presses a particular key to
indicate his or her reply Responses are collected through radio
frequency or infrared technology by a small receiver
Software that processes the clicker signal is either contained in the receiver or loaded onto a computer
After responses are locked in, the instructor may display the percentage of students who indicate each particular response
Integrating Questions To gauge student
comprehension or elicit an opinion
Questions can be thoughtfully integrated into a lesson or asked “on the fly”
Multiple FormatsMultiple ChoiceTrue or FalseShort AnswerNumericalEtc
Increased Student Engagement Benefit #1
Novelty “hooks” students Anonymous responses
Low risk context Required response Participation is mandated, increasing the
likelihood that the child is paying attention to the lessonAccountability factor
Increased Student Engagement
“When more students can respond to a question honestly, more students are prepared to engage in subsequent discussion. The display of results…provides further motivation for meaningful discussion as students become aware of divergent views.” Bruff (2009-10)
Considerations Questions set the stage for learning however,
it is through independent thought, small group discussion, and class wide debate that deep learning actually occurs
“asking the right questions is more important than the technology. Poorly structured questions or ones that don’t focus on key concepts and reveal misunderstandings can undermine the value of personal response systems.” (Educause, 2005)
Data-Driven Decision MakingBenefit #2
Formative assessments accomplished in real time with instantaneous feedback
Teachers can analyze the data immediately and use this information to guide instruction
Whole class level or targeted to help individual students
Data-driven Decision Making
Allows teachers to fine-tune their instruction Lessons adjusted or adapted as needed Results from class responses can be saved and
then displayed in a variety of formats histograms, pie charts, etc
Results can be saved to spreadsheet programs for semester or year-long analyses may inform subsequent curriculum development
Allow teachers to monitor student progress over time and to determine if teaching intervention has made a difference in student thinking
Teacher & Student Benefits For instructors, clickers are used to
evaluate student mastery of content For students, clickers provide a quick
way to validate their own learning, helping them to identify areas that need improvementEncourages self-monitoring
Considerations
The quality of the questions is a decisive factor in establishing the legitimacy & value of using a student response system
Multiple choice questions should include common incorrect answers as options
Questions should require students to apply a concept rather than merely define it
Best Practices
Can be used as a vehicle for pre-assessment to determine student perceptions
Then again subsequent to a group discussion meant to correct or deepen understanding to determine the effectiveness of those efforts
Other Uses
Can be used to administer summative assessments
Student learning is evaluated through graded quizzes
Saves time by self-grading and organizing the data
Final Thoughts engage higher level and critical thinking skills peer-learning approach
In this method, a content question is posed, and as students vote, you show the responses without revealing the correct answer. Students then discuss their response with a neighbor or in a group and revote
To elicit deep discussion, use clickers to gauge students’ opinions or to show the range of opinions that exist on a given topiccreates the opportunity for classmates to discuss
their responses and connect their ideas