Page 1RF & Hyper Conference, 24th May 2011, ITER_D_

EMC at ITER

D. BeltranElectrical Engineering Division

ITER Organization

RF & Hyper ConferenceParis, 24th May 2011

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Outline

1. ITER introduction

2. EMC at ITER

3. Experiment in Alcator C-mod Tokamak

4. Conclusions

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ITER figuresITER Energy stored: 30 GJ

180 km/h Charles de Gaulle: ~38.000 tons, 260 m long

Tokamak complex weight 360.000 tons Empire State400 tons Nb3Sn. Before ITER 15 tons/year.

Sun surface : 6.000 oCSun core : 15 million oCITER : 150 million oC

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What are ITER’s Aims?The overall programmatic objective:•To demostrate the scientific and technological feasibility of fusionenergy for peaceful purposes

The principal goal:•To design, construct and operate a Tokamak experiment at a scalewhich satisfies this objective

•ITER is designed to confine a plasma in which a-particle heatingdominates all other forms of plasma heating

ITER will be the world’s first experimental fusion reactor with a self-sustained burning plasma of several hundred seconds (Inductiveoperation) to several thousand seconds (Non-inductive operation)duration.

Long Plasma Pulses

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Fusion Power Production in ITER

Nuclear Facility

1g D+T 30 MW*hr (~10t coal)

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Overview of the ITER Tokamak

Huge and Complex

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World wide project

90% in-kind

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ITER (2 football fields) JET (0.22 football fields) 4.5 JET=1 football field

Machine size

10 times bigger30 years last big Tokamak

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Earthing topology

At least 200 Tokamaks since 1954 with single point

Mesh-CBN

Singulus PointusTerrus

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Norms and standards• RCC-E: Design and construction rules for electrical equipment of nuclear islands.• IEC 61000-5-2: EMC-Installation and mitigation guidelines - Earthing and cabling

• IEC 62305-1 to 4: Protection against lightning

• IEC 60364-5-54: Electrical installations of buildings. Selection and erection ofelectrical equipment- Earthing arrangements, protective conductors and protective bondingconductors .• IEC 61000-6-2: EMC-Generic standards - Immunity for industrial environments.• IEC 61000-4-16: EMC-Testing and measurement techniques - Test for immunity toconducted, common mode disturbances in the frequency range 0 Hz to 150 kHz• IEC 61000-6-4: EMC-Generic standards - Emission standard for industrial

environments.• ITER specification for conducted emissions 30 Hz to 30 MHz• ITER test specification for Magnetic field compatibility tests

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Immunity I

IEC 61000-6-2, IEC 61000-4-16, IEC 61000-4-13

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Immunity II

Location Continuous Duration Short-duration (1 to 3 sec)

Port-cell 23 mT/s 77 mT/sTokamak building(except port cells)

2.3 mT/s 7.8 mT/s

dB/dt -> IEC 61000-4-8

B (120 mT – 5 mT)

Supplier certification orCustom test (EED framework contract)

But specific test for equipments τ > 7 ms

Change location orMagnetic shielding

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EmissionBased on•MIL STD 461 CE 101-2•IEC 61000-6-4

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Bonding zones

Mesh-CBN: Common bonding networkLCZ: Loop Control Zone

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LCZ

• Loop Control Zone

• In-cryostat and In-vessel

• A single Bonding path

• Equipment isolated at 0. 5 kV

• Exceptions case-by-case (ports, blanket)

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Mesh-Common Bonding Network

LF: low mesh-CBN impedanceHF: shielding & mutual inductance

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Mesh-CBNRe-bars (1x1 mesh in Tokamak): RDC<1 mΩ, L=1 μH

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EM Zoning

• Bonding to boundary of EM Zone• Shield• Filter

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Zone Boundary

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Machine bonding

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Cubicle bonding

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Experiment in Alcator C-mod Tokamak

• Toroidal resistance: 20 μOhm (ITER 10 μOhm)• Time constant: 50 ms (ITER 500 ms)• Plasma current: 3 MA (ITER 15 MA)

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Experiment in Alcator C-mod Tokamak

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Cable segregation & rules

Cabling rules (ITER_D_335VF9)• Cable tray installation

• Cable installation

• EMC

30 cm

30 cm

30 cm

30 cm

MV PowerMV Power

Sensitive

Non-Sensitive

Very-SensitiveVery-Sensitive

MV PowerMV Power

SensitiveSensitive

Non-SensitiveNon-Sensitive

Very-Sensitive

LV Power LV PowerLV Power

MV Power

Sensitive

Non-Sensitive

Very-Sensitive

LV Power

SIC Train A SIC Train B Non-SIC Train

(1) (2)

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Conclusion1. Safe design (RCC-E)2. Design following high-power industrial

well-proven methods3. Immunity & Emission control4. Mesh-CBN outside cryostat5. HF Shielding for diagnostics6. Cable segregation

Many fusion experiments with Single-Point-Earthing …But largest fusion facilities Multi-Point-Earthing …

… If wrong choice > 10 years of work after installation

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Acknowledgments

A. Charoy

S. Bazzoli

K. Armstrong

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ITER Today

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Thanks for your attentionThanks for your attentionAny Question ?Any Question ?