Embedding Energy Storage in SoCs using Solid State Batteriespwrsocevents.com/wp-content/uploads/2012-presentations/session-1/1... · Embedding Energy Storage in SoCs using Solid State

Embedding Energy Storage in

SoCs using Solid State Batteries

PowerSoC’12 November 16, 2012

Key Trends Driving Innovation

Ultra Low Power

Processors

Smart Devices and

Sensors Everywhere

Wireless is pervasive

Integration with other

components Miniaturization

Eco-Friendly and

Renewable Energy

•  New innovative products are smarter, smaller and wireless •  Smart devices with status indications •  There will be billions of new networked smart devices •  Body area networks, Personal area networks, Ad hoc nets

2 www.cymbet.com +1-763-633-1780 ©2012 Cymbet Corporation

Key Trends Drive New Technologies in Many Areas

New Energy Storage Devices are Needed to Enable Key Trends

Ultra Low Power

Processors

Smart Devices and

Sensors Everywhere

Wireless is pervasive

Integration with other

components Miniaturization

Eco-Friendly and

Renewable Energy

HP: 1 trillion

sensors in 5 years

60 mm wireless devices annually

Solar powered sensors

Complete wireless

sensor with power

800mm Micro machines in a

package

10 year components Pennies to dollars

Low energy for Space used

Bulky Size/Metal “coin” package

Not Eco-Friendly - Toxic Chemicals

Transportation Safety Issues

Cannot be integrated with other electronics

TRENDS

CURRENT SOLUTIONS


•  EnerChip Rechargeable Solid State Batteries are created on Silicon wafers using standard semiconductor fabrication processes and device packaging techniques

•  As the battery is charged, ions move from the cathode through the solid electrolyte to the current collector. As the battery discharges, the reverse is true.

•  EnerChips are 150 microns thick – less than two human hairs – and are 1/20th the thickness of a comparable battery.

Charging

Discharging

Solid State Cathode

EnerChips on Silicon

Wafers

Rechargeable Solid State Batteries The EnerChip™ Solution

www.cymbet.com +1-763-633-1780 ©2012 Cymbet Corporation

Solid State Electrolyte Protective Coating

Current Collector

4

Solid State Battery Applications

•  Eco-Friendly Energy Storage •  Permanent and Reliable •  Low cost Automated Assembly •  Low profile; Small Footprint •  Embed at board or chip level •  Low total cost

EnerChip™ Solid State

Energy Storage

•  Simple “drop in” Power •  SMT/Reflow Tolerant •  No special disposal needed •  Rechargeable - No Replacement •  Broad Customer Acceptance •  Many applications, many industries

Requirements

EnerChip Advantages

EnerChip Bare Die

EnerChip SMT Package

EnerChip CC Co-Package

Pervasive Power

Embedded Power

Back-up Power

EnerChip CC Co-Package

EnerChip EH Modules

Energy Harvesting

Data Devices

Zero Power Wireless Nodes

EnerChip EH Integrated Solutions

Energy Harvesting Building Controls

5 5 www.cymbet.com +1-763-633-1780 ©2012 Cymbet Corporation

Solid State Battery Characteristics

www.cymbet.com +1-763-633-1780 ©2012 Cymbet Corporation 6

Capacity with Cycling

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000Discharge Cycle #

Cap

acity

(µA

h) 4.2V

4.15V

4.1V

4.3V

4.0V

High Cycle Life Flat Output Voltage Profile

Charge Current & Charge Capacity vs, Charge Time

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

Perc

ent o

f Cha

rge

Time (Minutes)

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0

Cha

rge

Cur

rent

/ Bat

tery

Cap

acity

Fast and Simple Charge

Cha

rge

Loss

%

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Stand Time (Years) 1 2 3 4 5

Non-Recoverable

Recoverable

Self-Discharge

Low Self-Discharge

Meeting Safety and Environmental Regulations and Standards

•  RoHS •  China RoHS •  REACH •  CE Mark •  UL - Underwriters Laboratory •  JEDEC IC Packaging Standards and Tape and Reel EIA Standards •  IEC, NEMA/ANSI •  United Nations Transportation Air Safety Regulations •  WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive •  EU Battery Directive •  MSDS and OSHA Information •  Solid State Battery End-of-life Disposal Instructions •  In vitro Biocompatibility Test Standards for Cytotoxicity


Rechargeable solid state batteries are the only energy storage solution that satisfies all the following global regulations and certifications:

EnerChips are Non-Cytotoxic

“The gamma sterilized Cymbet EnerChip™ bare die batteries were found to be non-cytotoxic (0% cell lysis) using both the Medium Eluate Method Eluation Test and Agar Diffusion Test feasibility screening procedures. The lack of any adverse biological responses in these very sensitive in vitro cell culture assays is indicative (although not a guarantee) of biocompatible test results in the other in vitro and in vivo aspects of biocompatibility as suggested by the ISO 10993-1 and FDA G95-1 guidelines.”

•  In vitro biocompatibility tests show EnerChip bare die are non-cytotoxic •  Additional in vivo studies are in progress with crushed EnerChip bare die in a saline solution was injected into subject with no observed effects. Waiting for histology results


Why Embedding Energy Storage in SoCs is Important

Enables Innovative Product Designs: •  “On-Chip” energy to save chip memory, time or self-power a sensor

without a larger primary battery. •  Lowers the cost and profile of electronic devices •  Unique form factors enable power systems to conform to packaging •  Distributing power to the chip level enables new capabilities not

available before in medical, wireless sensors, energy management, consumer, electronics, military, etc.

•  Features: –  Eco-friendly –  Lasts for the life of the product –  No harmful chemicals or hazards –  No special recycling required –  Extremely low self-discharge –  Simple & safe charging algorithm


EnerChip Co-Packaging Options

•  EnerChip side by side with co-packaged ICs using wire bonds

•  Stacked Die with microcontrollers, RTC, or SRAM

•  System in Package using wire bonds or bumped die

EnerChip Bare Die µController, Sensor, RTC


EnerChip™ Bumped Die

Flip Chip on Lead Frame Configurations

•  EnerChip bare die are configured to accept solder bumps –  Provides ability for dense packaging options –  Can be integrated with ICs and passives

•  Currently in prototype phase

11

Diagrams courtesy of Carsem

Standard Flip Chip Configuration


EnerChip System in Package

12

•  Advanced All-In-One Package: –  Several 100’s uAhr Capacity –  Multiple EnerChip Die –  Integrated Circuits –  Integrated Inductor, Passives & Pulse

Current Capacitor, etc –  Package options: DIP, SIP, ZIP, SMT

& BGA –  Custom configurations


Intra Ocular Pressure Monitor Tiny Wireless Sensor for Glaucoma Patients

•  Implantable Intraocular Pressure Sensor •  Function: Powers millimeter scale

processor and sensor system by using solar energy harvesting, stores energy to sense pressure in the eye and transmit data to host

•  Reasons for Design in: very small Form Factor, custom 1 mm x 1 mm battery, high-cycle life (charge/ discharge cycles), low self-discharge

•  Current Status: –  Built prototypes and published paper in 2011 –  Potential commercialization in 2013-2014

Note: University of Michigan ISSCC Paper: http://www.cymbet.com/design-center/wireless-sensors.php


Intraocular Sensor Device Stack


EnerChip Die Wire bonds


EnerChip Bare Die over ASIC

EnerChip Solid State Battery

Solder Ball Application Specific Integrated Circuit

Solder Bump


Solid State Batteries in Advanced Package Configurations

EnerChip Bare Die Location Examples

EnerChip Solid State Ba1eries in Bare Die form are the ideal devices for integra9ng energy storage in emerging System in 3D Packaged Systems EnerChips using wire bonding, solder bumps for flip chip or eventually Thru Silicon Vias can be integrated into Systems in Package, Package on Package, TSV

stacks and other 3D configura9ons


Embedded Energy Summary

•  Rechargeable solid state batteries are the ideal solution for adding energy storage to System on Chip devices

•  Various die attachment mechanisms and packaging configurations can utilized to optimize SoC performance

•  Solid State Batteries are eco-friendly, easy to assemble, safe to transport, lasts the life of the SoC device, non-cytotoxic and safe end of life disposal

•  Additional information: www.cymbet.com 18


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Embedding Energy Storage in SoCs using Solid State Batteriespwrsocevents.com/wp-content/uploads/2012-presentations/session-1/1... · Embedding Energy Storage in SoCs using Solid State