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Email ke 2 anatomi
3.Descending fibers of the medial longitudinal
fasciculus (MLF) arise from all of
the following structures except the
A. inferior colliculus
B. Cajal's intersitial nucleus
C medial vestibular nucleus
D. pontine reticular formation
E. superior colliculus
4.The intracranial dura is innervated by
I. cranial nerve V
11. upper cervical spinal nerves
111. cranial nerve X
IV. cranial nerve VII
A. I, 11, I11
B. I, 111
C. 11, IVD. IV
E. all of the aboveQ5Which structure does not pass through the orbitaltendinous ring (Zinn'sanulus)?A. frontal nerve
B. superior division of 111
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C. abducens nerveD. nasociliary nerveE. inferior division of 111
All of the following can be seen in ulnar nerveentrapment at the wrist exceptA. motor deficits in the adductor pollicisB. motor deficits in the deep head of the flexor pollicisbrevisC. motor deficits in the third and fourth lumbricalsD. sensory deficits in the dorsum of the handE. sensory deficits in the palmar surface of the
hypothenar eminence6. Which of the following is true of the occipital eyefield?A. It is localized to a relatively small area.B. It subserves pursuit eye movements that are largelyvoluntary.C. Lesions in this area are associated with transientdeviation of the eyes
away from the side of the lesion.D. The threshold for excitation in this area is lower thanin the frontaleye fields.E. With lesions in this area, the patient can direct theeyes to a particularlocation on command7. The anterior choroidal artery supplies portions of
each of the following structures
except the
A. amygdala
B. globus pallidus
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C. hippocampus
D. hypothalamus
E. internal capsule
8. Efferent fibers from the dentate nuclei
A. are somatopically arranged in the thalamus with the
head represented
laterally and caudal body parts medially
B. influence activity of motor neurons in the
contralateral cerebral cortex
C. leave the cerebellum via the middle cerebellar
peduncle
D. mainly terminate in the red nucleus
E. project to the ipsilateral ventral lateral thalamic nuclei
9. Each of the following is true of the
fornix exceptA. It is the main efferent fiber system of
the hippocampus.
B. Postcommissural fibers of the fornix
project to the mammillary bodies.
C. The columns of the fornix lie anterior to
the anterior commmissure.
D. The body of the fornix runs to the
rostral margin of the thalamus.
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E. The fornical commissure (psalterium) is
rostral to the anterior commissure
10. The efferent projections of the
arcuate nucleus are most closelyassociated with the
A. mammillary bodiesB. median eminence
C. nucleus of the diagonal bandD. posterior hypophysis
E. supraoptic nucleus
11. Regions of the striate cortex that do not containocular dominance columns arethose representing theI. fovea11. blind spot of the retina111. maculaIV. monocular temporal crescent of the visual fieldA. I, 11.111
B. I, I11c. 11, IVD. IV12. Each of the following is true of the supplemental
motor cortex (MII) except
A. Some of the neurons project directly to the spinal
cord.
B. The body is somatopically represented.
C. The neurons in this area exhibit movement-related
activity only if the
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motor task is performed with the contralateral limbs.
D. The threshold for stimulation is higher than for the
primary motor
cortex (MI).
E. Unilateral ablations produce no permanent deficit in
the maintenance of
posture or capacity for movement.
13. Each is true of dorsolateral fibers entering the
dorsolateral spinal cord except
A. Root fibers of spinal ganglia separate into a medial
and lateral bundle.
B. The central processes of each dorsal root ganglion
divide into both
ascending and descending branches.
C The lateral bundle conveys impulses from free nerve
endings.
D. The medial bundle consists of thinly myelinated or
unmyelinated fibers,
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whereas the lateral bundle is thickly myelinated.
E. The medial bundle conveys impulses from Golgi
tendon organs.
14. Which of the following does the ulnar nerve
innervate?
I. pronator quadratus
11. flexor pollicis longus
111. opQonens pollicis
IV. adductor pollicis
A. I, 11, 111
B. I, 111
C. 11, IV
D. IV
E. all of the above
Which of the following structures is not present on a
transverse section of the
medulla taken at midolive?
A. accessory cuneate nucleus I
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B. dorsal nucleus of X
C. nucleus ambiguus
D. nucleus of the solitary tract
E. superior vestibular nucleus
All of the following can be seen in ulnar nerve
entrapment at the wrist except
A. motor deficits in the adductor pollicis
B. motor deficits in the deep head of the flexor pollicis
brevis
C. motor deficits in the third and fourth lumbricals
D. sensory deficits in the dorsum of the hand
E. sensory deficits in the palmar surface of the
hypothenar eminence
Which of the following fiber tracts is not a part of the
limbic system?
A. diagonal band of Broca
B. fornix
C. mammillothalamic tract
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D. medial forebrain bundle
E. thalamic fasciculus
The secondary somatic sensory area (SII) is located ontheA. medial surface of the superior frontal gyrusB. medial surface of the superior parietal lobuleC. superior bank of the lateral sulcusD. ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamusE. same area as the primary somatic sensory area
Which of the following is not seen with a lesion of thefacial nerve immediatelydistal to the geniculate ganglion?A. hyperacusisB. impairment of lacrimationC. impairment of salivary secretionsD. loss of taste in the anterior two thirds of the tongueE. paralysis of ipsilateral facial muscles
Each of the following is true of the fornixexcept
A. It is the main efferent fiber system of
the hippocampus.
B. Postcommissural fibers of the fornix
project to the mammillary bodies.
C. The columns of the fornix lie anterior to
the anterior commmissure.
D. The body of the fornix runs to therostral margin of the thalamus.
E. The fornical commissure (psalterium) is
rostral to the anterior commissure
The external urethral sphincter is innervated byA. parasympathetic pelvic nervesB. somatic pudendal nervesC. sympathetic hypogastric nerves
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D. AandB,E. BandCQRegions of the brain devoid of a blood-brain barrier
(circumventricular organs)include each of the following except
A. indusium griseum
B. median eminence
C. organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis
D. pineal gland
E. subfornicat organ
Uncrossed fibers of the optic tract terminate on which
layers of the lateral
geniculate?
A. 1.3, and 5
B. 1,4, and 6
C. 2,3, and 5
D. 2,4, and 6
E. 2,5. and 6
Each of the following is true of corticobulbar fibers
except
A. Fibers projecting to the posterior column nuclei leave
the pyramids and
enter these nuclei via the medial lemniscus or reticular
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formation.
B. Fibers projecting to trigeminal sensory nuclei and the
nucleus solitarius
are derived predominantly from frontoparietal cortical
areas.
C. Pseudobulbar palsy can result from unilateral lesions
involving
corticobulbar fibers.
D. The supranuclear innervation of motor cranial nerve
nuclei is largely bilateral.
E. Unilateral lesions involving corticobulbar fibers
produce paralysis of
contralateral lower facial muscles only.
The palmar interosseus muscles
A. abduct the fingersB. adduct the fingersC. extend the metacarpophalangeal joints and flex theinterphalangeal jointsD. flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend theinterphalangeal jointsE. perform none of the abov
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The sciatic nerve supplies each of the following
muscles in part or in whole
except the
A. adductor magnus
B. biceps femoris (short head) I
C. gluteus maximus
D. semimembranous
E. semitendinou
Regions of the striate cortex that do not contain ocular
dominance columns are
those representing the
I. fovea
11. blind spot of the retina
111. macula
IV. monocular temporal crescent of the visual field
A. I, 11.111
B. I, I11
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c. 11, IV
D. IV
The syndrome of posteroinferior cerebellar artery
(PICA) occlusion consists of ,
each of the following except
A. contralateral loss of pain and temperature in the
body
B. contralateral loss of pain and temperature in the
face
-
C. ipsilateral paralysis of the pharynx and larynx
D. ipsilateral Horner's syndrome
E. persistent hiccup
Each of the following characterizes a pathway involved
in the pupillary light reflex except
A. Crossed and uncrossed fibers of the optic tract
terminate on the lateral geniculate body.
B. Efferent fibers from the pretectal olivary nucleus
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cross in the posterior commissure and end in visceral
cell columns of the oculomotor nerve complex.
C. Efferent fibers from the pretectal olivary nucleus
cross ventral to the cerebral aqueduct and end in the
visceral cell columns of the oculomotor complex.
D. Postganglionic fibers from the ciliary ganglion project
to the sphincter of the iris.
E. Preganglionic fibers from the nuclei of the
oculomotor complex travel with fibers of the third nerve
and synapse in the ciliary ganglion.
The choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle can be found
I. in the caudal aspect of the roof (inferior medullary
velum)
11. in the cranial aspect of the roof (superior medullary
velum)
111. in the lateral recess (of Luschka)
IV. on the floor
A. I, 11, 111
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B. I, 111
C. 11, IV
D. IV
E. all of the above
The median nerve innervates each of the following
muscles except the
A. adductor pollicis
B. flexor carpi radialis
C. opponens pollicis
D. palmaris longus
E. pronator teres
Afferent sources of fiber pathways to the septal nuclei
include the
I. amygdala
11. hypothalamus
111. hippocampus
IV. basal ganglia
*
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A. I, 11,111
B. 1.111
C. 11. N
D. IV
E. all of the above
The anterior choroidal artery supplies parts of the
I. caudate nucleus
11. optic tract
Ill. thalamus
IV. anterior limb of the internal capsule
A. I, 11, I11
B. I, I11
C. 11, IV
D. IV
E. all of the above
A lesion affecting the left optic tract will be manifested
by a deficit in the
A. nasal half of the visual field of both eyes
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B. nasal half of the right visual field and temporal half of
the left visual field
C no deficit unless the right optic tract was also
affected
D. temporal half of the visual field of both eyes
E. temporal half of the right visual field and nasal half of
the left visual field
Which of the following is not an afferent connection of
the basal ganglia?
A. cerebral cortex to globus pallidus
B. cerebral cortex to putamen
C. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus
D. subthalamic nucleus to globus pallidus
E. thalamus to caudate nucleus
Most of the fibers of the stria terminalis originate from
the
A. amygdala
B. anterior hypothalamus
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C. arcuate nucleus
D. habenula
E. septal nuclei
The telencephalon gives rise to each of the following
except the
A. amygdala
B. caudate
C. claustrum
D. globus pallidus
E. putamen
A lesion affecting the left optic tract will be manifested
by a deficit in the
A. nasal half of the visual field of both eyes
B. nasal half of the right visual field and temporal half of
the left visual field
C no deficit unless the right optic tract was also
affected
D. temporal half of the visual field of both eyes
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E. temporal half of the right visual field and nasal half of
the left visual field
Weakness gf the coracobrachialis muscle results from
impairment of the
A. axillary nerve
B. dorsal scapular nerve
C. median nerve
D. musculocutaneous nerve
E. suprascapular nerve
Cells that give rise to commissural fibers that
interconnect homologous cortical
areas via the corpus callosum are found in layer
A. I
B. I1
C. 111
D. IV
E. V
Which of the following is not an afferent connection of the
basal ganglia?
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A. cerebral cortex to globus pallidus
B. cerebral cortex to putamen
C. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus
D. subthalamic nucleus to globus pallidusE. thalamus to caudate nucleus
Neural crest derivatives include all of the following
except the
A. adrenal medulla
B. dorsal root ganglion of cranial and spinal nerves
C. neurons of the cerebral cortex
D. pigmented layers of the retina
E. sympathetic ganglia of the autonomic nervous
system
Which of the following progressions from primary
vesicle to secondary
vesicle to adult derivative is correct?
A. mesencephalon to rhomboencephalon to medulla
B. prosencephalon to diencephalon to midbrain
C. prosencephalon to telencephalon to thalami
D. rhomboencephalon to metencephalon to cerebellum
E. rhomboencephalon to myelencephalon to pons
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Major striatal efferent projections include
A. amygdala and globus pallidus
B. globus pallidus and substantia nigra
C. substantia nigra and amygdala
D. substantia nigra and thalamus
E. thalamus and globus pallidus
A lesion affecting the left optic tract will be manifested
by a deficit in the
A. nasal half of the visual field of both eyes
B. nasal half of the right visual field and temporal half of
the left visual field
C no deficit unless the right optic tract was also
affected
D. temporal half of the visual field of both eyes
E. temporal half of the right visual field and nasal half of
the left visual field
Cells that give rise to commissural fibers that
interconnect homologous cortical
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areas via the corpus callosum are found in layer
A. I
B. I1
C. 111
D. IV
E. V
The anterior choroidal artery supplies parts of the
I. caudate nucleus
11. optic tract
Ill. thalamus
IV. anterior limb of the internal capsule
A. I, 11, I11
B. I, I11
C. 11, IV
D. IV
E. all of the above
Neural crest derivatives include all of the following
except the
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A. adrenal medulla
B. dorsal root ganglion of cranial and spinal nerves
C. neurons of the cerebral cortex
D. pigmented layers of the retina
E. sympathetic ganglia of the autonomic nervous
system
Fibers from the nucleus ambiguus make contribution to
I. cranial nerve IX
11. cranial nerve XI
111. cranial nerve X
IV. cranial nerve VII
A. I, 11,111
B. I, I11
C. 11, IV
D. IV
E. all of the above
Functional components of the facial and intermediate
nerves include
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I. general somatic afferent fibers
11. general visceral afferent fibers
111. special visceral afferent fibers
IV. special visceral efferent fibers
A. I, 11, I11
B. I, 111
C. 11, IV
D. IV
E. all of the above
The infundibular recess of the third ventricle is located
A. dorsal to the mammillary bodies
B. dorsal to the habenula
C. lateral to the infundibulum
D. ventral to the infundibulum
E. ventral to the mammillary bodies
The infundibular recess of the third ventricle is located
A. dorsal to the mammillary bodies
B. dorsal to the habenula
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C. lateral to the infundibulum
D. ventral to the infundibulum
E. ventral to the mammillary bodies
Lesions of the lateral lemniscus produce
A. bilateral complete deafness
B. bilateral partial deafness, greater in the contralateral
ear
C. bilateral partial deafness, greater in the ipsilateral
ear
D. unilateral, contralateral deafness
E. unilateral, ipsilateral deafness
Fibers in the superior cerebellar peduncle synapse in
which of the following
thalamic nuclei?
I. ventral anterior
11. ventral lateral
111. rostra1 interlaminar nuclei
IV. ventral posterolateral
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A. I, 11, Ill
B. I, 111
C. 11, IV
D. IV
E. all of the above
The limbic lobe is composed of all the following except
the
A. amygdala
B. cingulate gyrus
C. dentate gyms
D. parahipp&al gyrus
E. subcallosal gyrus
Most of the fibers of the stria terminalis originate from
the
A. amygdala
B. anterior hypothalamus
C. arcuate nucleus
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D. habenula
E. septal nuclei
The telencephalon gives rise to each of the following
except the
A. amygdala
B. caudate
C. claustrum
D. globus pallidus
E. putamen
The most significant contribution to the nasal septum is
made by the
A. ethmoid and frontal bones
B. ethmoid and sphenoid bones
C. ethmoid and vomer bones
D. frontal and vomer bones
E. sphenoid and vomer bones
The posterior interosseus nerve innervates the
A. abductor pollicis brevis
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B. abductor pollicis longus
C adductor pollicis
D. flexor pollicis longus
E. opponens pollicis
The internal cerebral vein receives each of the following
veins except the
A. choroidal vein
B. epithalamic vein
C. great cerebral vein of Calen
D. septa1 vein
E. thalamostriate vein
The striate cortex corresponds to area
A. 17
B. 18
C. 19
D. 41
E. 42
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The internal capsule is supplied by branches of the
1. middle cerebral artery
11. anterior cerebral artery
111. internal carotid artery
IV. posterior cerebral artery
A. I. 11, I11
B. I, 111
C. 11, IV
D. IV
E. all of the above
A discrete unilateral lesion of the abducens nucleusproduces paralysis ofmovement ofA. both eyes away from the lesionB. both eyes toward the lesionC. the contralateral eye toward the lesionD. the ipsilateral eye away frorn the lesion
E. the ipsilateral eye toward the lesionPostganglionic parasympathetic fibers destined for thelacrimal gland arederived frorn theA. geniculate ganglionB. otic ganglionC. pterygopalatine ganglionD. sublingual ganglion
E. submandibular ganglion
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Weakness gf the coracobrachialis muscle results fromimpairment of theA. axillary nerve
B. dorsal scapular nerveC. median nerveD. musculocutaneous nerveE. suprascapular nerveFibers originating in the substantia nigra synapse on
each of the following
structures excqt the
A. caudate
B. globus pallidus
C. putamen
D. superior colliculus
E. thalamus
The blood-brain barrier is formed by (the)
A. astrocytic foot processes
B. basement membrane
C ependymal lining cells
D. microglia .
E. tight junctions of the capillary endothelium
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Which of the following ligaments is a continuation of the
posterior longitudi-
nal ligament?
A. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
B. apical ligament
C. cruciate ligament
D. tectorial ligament
E. transverse ligament
Neural crest derivatives include all of the following
except the
A. adrenal medulla
B. dorsal root ganglion of cranial and spinal nerves
C. neurons of the cerebral cortex
D. pigmented layers of the retina
E. sympathetic ganglia of the autonomic nervous
system
The facial nerve innervates all of the following muscles
except the
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A. anterior belly of the digastric
B. buccinator
C. platysma
D. stapedius
E. stylohyoid
The nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disk is
formed from the
A. chondrification of the centrum of the vertebral body
B. myotome
C. notochord
D. primitive streak
E. sclerotome
The primary olfactory cortex is located in the
A. anterior perforated substance
B. entorhinal cortex
C. mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus
D. orbitofrontal cortex
E. pyriform cortex
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Each of the following cell groups is derived from the alar
plate except the
A. nucleus ambiguus
B. principal sensory nucleus of CN V
C. solitary nucleus
D. spinal trigeminal nucleus
The anterior choroidal artery supplies parts of the
I. caudate nucleus
11. optic tract
Ill. thalamus
IV. anterior limb of the internal capsule
A. I, 11, I11
B. I, I11
C. 11, IV
D. IV
E. all of the above
E. vestibular nucleus
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A unilateral lesion of the trochlear nerve produces
maximal diplopia on
A. downgaze to the opposite side
B. downgaze to the same side
C. upgaze to the opposite side
D. upgaze to the same side
E. lateral gaze to the opposite side
Movement of molecules across the blood-brain barrier
involves
A. active transport requiring energy
B. carrier-mediated transport
Cboth
D. neither
Which of the following most closely characterizes the
tuberohypophysial
tract?
A. arcuate mcleus to median eminence
B. arcuate nucleus to posterior hypophysis
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C. dorsomedial nucleus to posterior hypophysis
D. supraoptic nucleus to median eminence
E. supraoptic nucleus to posterior hypophysis